Naturalism And Constructivism In Metaethics

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Naturalism and Constructivism in Metaethics

Author : Sofia Bonicalzi
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443859370
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturalism and Constructivism in Metaethics by : Sofia Bonicalzi

Download or read book Naturalism and Constructivism in Metaethics written by Sofia Bonicalzi and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of essays, several authors, belonging to different generations and philosophical traditions, discuss ample ethical and metaethical issues together with their relations to questions of applied ethics. The volume provides a wide account of some of the main topics in these fields, thus dealing with nearly everything that human beings hold as valuable. Expert scholars and young researchers contribute to this virtual symposium, reframing the current philosophical debates about the definition and the history of the concept of Naturalism, the different declinations of Kantian Constructivism, the functioning of Rational Choice Theory, the complex role played by Neuroscience in redefining the contours of ethical theories and bioethics, the puzzles of Deontic Logic, and the bases of Animal Ethics. Divided into three sections, presented by comprehensive introductions by Sofia Bonicalzi, Leonardo Caffo and Mattia Sorgon, the present collection includes contributions by Martina Belmonte, Michele Borri, Luciana Ceri, Guglielmo Feis, Matteo Grasso, Andrea Lavazza, Sarah Songhorian, and Francesca Vitale. Each author develops a distinctive and independent position, while critically engaging with the central themes of contemporary reflection. This new, major study will benefit moral philosophers, philosophers of science, and scientists concerned with bioethics, while at the same time stimulating and challenging anyone who is curious about the nature and the origins of ethical and metaethical enquiries.

Constructivism in Ethics

Author : Carla Bagnoli
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107276551
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructivism in Ethics by : Carla Bagnoli

Download or read book Constructivism in Ethics written by Carla Bagnoli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are there such things as moral truths? How do we know what we should do? And does it matter? Constructivism states that moral truths are neither invented nor discovered, but rather are constructed by rational agents in order to solve practical problems. While constructivism has become the focus of many philosophical debates in normative ethics, meta-ethics and action theory, its importance is still to be fully appreciated. These new essays written by leading scholars define and assess this new approach in ethics, addressing such questions as the nature of constructivism, how constructivism improves our understanding of moral obligations, how it accounts for the development of normative practices, whether moral truths change over time, and many other topics. The volume will be valuable for advanced students and scholars of ethics and all who are interested in questions about the foundation of morality.

From Psychology to Morality

Author : John Deigh
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190878614
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis From Psychology to Morality by : John Deigh

Download or read book From Psychology to Morality written by John Deigh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-02 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this collection belong to the tradition of naturalism in ethics. The tradition goes back to the beginnings of moral philosophy in ancient Greek thought. Its program is to explain moral thought and action as wholly natural phenomena. Its aim, in other words, is to explain such thought and action without recourse to either a reality separate from that of the natural world or volitional powers that operate independently of natural forces. Its greatest exponent in ancient thought was Aristotle. In modern thought Hume and Freud stand out as the most influential contributors to the tradition. All three thinkers made the study of human psychology fundamental to their work in ethics. All three built their theories on studies of human desires and emotions and assigned to reason the role of guiding the actions that spring from our desires and emotions toward ends that promise self-fulfillment and away from ends that are self-destructive. The collection's essays draw inspiration from their ideas. Its twelve principal essays are arranged to follow the lead of Aristotle's and Hume's ethics. The first three survey and examine general theories of emotion and motivation. The next two focus on emotions that are central to human sociability and that contemporary Anglo-American philosophers discuss under the rubric of reactive attitudes. Turning to distinctively cognitive powers necessary for moral thought and action, the sixth and seventh essays discuss the role of empathy in moral judgment and defend Bernard Williams's controversial account of practical reason. The final five essays use the studies in moral psychology of the previous chapters to treat questions in ethics and social philosophy. The treatment of these questions exemplifies the implementation of a naturalist program in these disciplines.

Nietzsche, Naturalism, and Normativity

Author : Christopher Janaway
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199583676
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Nietzsche, Naturalism, and Normativity by : Christopher Janaway

Download or read book Nietzsche, Naturalism, and Normativity written by Christopher Janaway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises ten original essays on Nietzsche, one of the western canon's most controversial ethical thinkers. An international team of experts clarify Nietzsche's own views, both critical and positive, ethical and meta-ethical, and connect his philosophical concerns to contemporary debates in and about ethics, normativity, and value.

Naturalism and Realism in Kant's Ethics

Author : Frederick Rauscher
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107088801
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Naturalism and Realism in Kant's Ethics by : Frederick Rauscher

Download or read book Naturalism and Realism in Kant's Ethics written by Frederick Rauscher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first detailed analysis and interpretation of Kant's ethics as anti-realist and idealist.

The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics

Author : Tristram McPherson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351817914
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics by : Tristram McPherson

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Metaethics written by Tristram McPherson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-24 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook surveys the contemporary state of the burgeoning field of metaethics. Forty-four chapters, all written exclusively for this volume, provide expert introductions to: the central research programs that frame metaethical discussions the central explanatory challenges, resources, and strategies that inform contemporary work in those research programs debates over the status of metaethics, and the appropriate methods to use in metaethical inquiry This is essential reading for anyone with a serious interest in metaethics, from those coming to it for the first time to those actively pursuing research in the field.

Oxford Studies in Metaethics, Volume 7

Author : Russ Shafer-Landau
Publisher : Oxford Studies in Metaethics
ISBN 13 : 019965350X
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxford Studies in Metaethics, Volume 7 by : Russ Shafer-Landau

Download or read book Oxford Studies in Metaethics, Volume 7 written by Russ Shafer-Landau and published by Oxford Studies in Metaethics. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxford Studies in Metaethics is the only publication devoted exclusively to original philosophical work in the foundations of ethics. It provides an annual selection of much of the best new scholarship being done in the field. Its broad purview includes work being done at the intersections of ethical theory with metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The essays included in the series provide an excellent basis for understanding recent developments in the field; those who would like to acquaint themselves with the current state of play in metaethics would do well to start here.

Ethical Constructivism

Author : Carla Bagnoli
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108604307
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethical Constructivism by : Carla Bagnoli

Download or read book Ethical Constructivism written by Carla Bagnoli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-03 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethical constructivism holds that truths about the relation between rationality, morality, and agency are best understood as constructed by correct reasoning, rather than discovered or invented. Unlike other metaphors used in metaethics, construction brings to light the generative and dynamic dimension of practical reason. On the resultant picture, practical reasoning is not only productive but also self-transforming, and socially empowering. The main task of this volume is to illustrate how constructivism has substantially modified and expanded the agenda of metaethics by refocusing on rational agency and its constitutive principles. In particular, this volume identifies, compares and discusses the prospects and failures of the main strands of constructivism regarding the powers of reason in responding to the challenges of contingency. While Kantian, Humean, Aristotelian, and Hegelian theories sharply differ in their constructivist strategies, they provide compelling accounts of the rational articulation required for an inclusive and unified ethical community.

A Companion to Naturalism

Author : David Papineau
Publisher : NEPFIL online
ISBN 13 : 8567332346
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (673 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to Naturalism by : David Papineau

Download or read book A Companion to Naturalism written by David Papineau and published by NEPFIL online. This book was released on with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a engaging and accessible portrait of the current state of the field, A Companion to Naturaslim shows students how to think about the relation between Philosophy and Science, and why is both essencial and fascinating to do so. All the authors in this collection reconsider the core questions in Philosophical Naturalism in light of the challenges raised in Contemporary Philosophy. They explore how philosophical questions are connected to vigorous current debates - including complex questions about metaphysics, semantics, religion, intentionality, pragmatism, reductionism, ontology, metaethics, mind, science, belief and delusion, among others – showing how these issues, and philosopher’s attempts to answer them, matter in the Philosophy. In this sense, this collection is also compelling and illuminating reading for philosophers, philosophy students, and anyone interested in Naturalism and their place in current discussions.

Purpose and Procedure in Philosophy of Perception

Author : Heather Logue
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019885353X
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Purpose and Procedure in Philosophy of Perception by : Heather Logue

Download or read book Purpose and Procedure in Philosophy of Perception written by Heather Logue and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary philosophy of perception is dominated by highly polarized debates. The polarization is particularly acute in the debate between naïve realist disjunctivists and their opponents, but divisions seem almost as stark in other areas of dispute, for example, the debate over whether we experience so-called 'high-level' properties, and the debate concerning individuation of the senses. The guiding hypothesis underlying this volume is that such polarization stems from insufficient attention to how we should go about settling these debates. In general, there is widespread, largely implicit disagreement concerning what philosophical theories of perception are supposed to explain, the claims that we should hold fixed in the course of theorizing, and the methods that such theorizing should employ. The goal of this volume is to move such methodological questions from the background to the front of the debate, in the hope of facilitating progress. The contributions constitute an initial effort to spur more explicit, systematic discussion of methodology in philosophy of perception, covering a wide range of relevant topics, from the relation between scientific and philosophical theorizing about perception, to lessons we can learn from the history of philosophy of perception.

Morality's Progress

Author : Dale Jamieson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199251452
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality's Progress by : Dale Jamieson

Download or read book Morality's Progress written by Dale Jamieson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The summation of nearly three decades of work by a leading figure in environmental ethics and bioethics. The 22 papers are invigoratingly diverse, but together tell a unified story about various aspects of the morality of our relationships to animals and to nature.

Does Anything Really Matter?

Author : Peter Singer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191084395
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Does Anything Really Matter? by : Peter Singer

Download or read book Does Anything Really Matter? written by Peter Singer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first two volumes of On What Matters Derek Parfit argues that there are objective moral truths, and other normative truths about what we have reasons to believe, and to want, and to do. He thus challenges a view of the role of reason in action that can be traced back to David Hume, and is widely assumed to be correct, not only by philosophers but also by economists. In defending his view, Parfit argues that if there are no objective normative truths, nihilism follows, and nothing matters. He criticizes, often forcefully, many leading contemporary philosophers working on the nature of ethics, including Simon Blackburn, Stephen Darwall, Allen Gibbard, Frank Jackson, Peter Railton, Mark Schroeder, Michael Smith, and Sharon Street. Does Anything Really Matter? gives these philosophers an opportunity to respond to Parfit's criticisms, and includes essays on Parfit's views by Richard Chappell, Andrew Huddleston, Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek and Peter Singer, Bruce Russell, and Larry Temkin. A third volume of On What Matters, in which Parfit engages with his critics and breaks new ground in finding significant agreement between his own views and theirs, is appearing as a separate companion volume.

Constructivism in Practical Philosophy

Author : James Lenman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191631191
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructivism in Practical Philosophy by : James Lenman

Download or read book Constructivism in Practical Philosophy written by James Lenman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents twelve original papers on constructivism - some sympathetic, others critical - by a distinguished group of moral philosophers. 'Kantian constructivism holds that moral objectivity is to be understood in terms of a suitably constructed social point of view that all can accept. Apart from the procedure of constructing the principles of justice, there are no moral facts.' So wrote John Rawls in his highly influential 1980 Dewey lectures 'Kantian Constructivism in Moral Theory'. Since then there has been much discussion of constructivist understandings, Kantian or otherwise, both of morality and of reason more generally. Such understandings typically seek to characterize the truth conditions of propositions in their target domain in maximally metaphysically unassuming ways, frequently in terms of the outcome of certain procedures or the passing of certain tests, procedures or tests that speak to the distinctively practical concerns of deliberating human agents living together in societies. But controversy abounds over the interpretation and the scope as well as the credibility of such constructivist ideas. The essays collected here reach to the heart of this contemporary philosophical debate, and offer a range of new approaches and perspectives.

The Naturalistic Fallacy

Author : Neil Sinclair
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107168791
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Naturalistic Fallacy by : Neil Sinclair

Download or read book The Naturalistic Fallacy written by Neil Sinclair and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a definitive guide to the text, history and philosophy behind the most influential argument in the history of ethics.

Ethical Naturalism

Author : Susana Nuccetelli
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139503898
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethical Naturalism by : Susana Nuccetelli

Download or read book Ethical Naturalism written by Susana Nuccetelli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethical naturalism is narrowly construed as the doctrine that there are moral properties and facts, at least some of which are natural properties and facts. Perhaps owing to its having faced, early on, intuitively forceful objections by eliminativists and non-naturalists, ethical naturalism has only recently become a central player in the debates about the status of moral properties and facts which have occupied philosophers over the last century. It has now become a driving force in those debates, one with sufficient resources to challenge not only eliminativism, especially in its various non-cognitivist forms, but also the most sophisticated versions of non-naturalism. This volume brings together twelve new essays which make it clear that, in light of recent developments in analytic philosophy and the social sciences, there are novel grounds for reassessing the doctrines at stake in these debates.

Contemporary Metaethics

Author : Alexander Miller
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0745680518
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Metaethics by : Alexander Miller

Download or read book Contemporary Metaethics written by Alexander Miller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-27 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Alexander Miller’s highly readable introduction to contemporary metaethics provides a critical overview of the main arguments and themes in twentieth- and twenty-first-century contemporary metaethics. Miller traces the development of contemporary debates in metaethics from their beginnings in the work of G. E. Moore up to the most recent arguments between naturalism and non-naturalism, cognitivism and non-cognitivism. From Moore’s attack on ethical naturalism, A. J. Ayer’s emotivism and Simon Blackburn’s quasi-realism to anti-realist and best opinion accounts of moral truth and the non-reductionist naturalism of the ‘Cornell realists’, this book addresses all the key theories and ideas in this field. As well as revisiting the whole terrain with revised and updated guides to further reading, Miller also introduces major new sections on the revolutionary fictionalism of Richard Joyce and the hermeneutic fictionalism of Mark Kalderon. The new edition will continue to be essential reading for students, teachers and professional philosophers with an interest in contemporary metaethics.

Ethical Intuitionism

Author : M. Huemer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 023059705X
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethical Intuitionism by : M. Huemer

Download or read book Ethical Intuitionism written by M. Huemer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-12-14 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A defence of ethical intuitionism where (i) there are objective moral truths; (ii) we know these through an immediate, intellectual awareness, or 'intuition'; and (iii) knowing them gives us reasons to act independent of our desires. The author rebuts the major objections to this theory and shows the difficulties in alternative theories of ethics.