Napoleon's invasion of Russia [Illustrated Edition]

Download Napoleon's invasion of Russia [Illustrated Edition] PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782890068
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (828 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's invasion of Russia [Illustrated Edition] by : Hereford B. George

Download or read book Napoleon's invasion of Russia [Illustrated Edition] written by Hereford B. George and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2013-02-25 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Napoleon’s invasion of Russia remains the benchmark for military disaster, even some two hundred year after he and his 600,000 men crossed the Niemen into the interior of Russia. The story of these men and their stolid, valiant opponents, the Russians, is recounted in admirable detail by the Author: from the killing fields of Smolensk and Borodino to the great fire of Moscow and the retreat through the snows of the Russian winter. Illustrated with 8 plans, the action of the great struggle is brought into full life, even through the passage of so much time. Author — George, Hereford B. 1838-1910. Text taken, whole and complete, from the edition published in London, T.F. Unwin, 1899. Original Page Count – xv, 451 p. Illustrations — 8 maps and plans.

Napoleon's Invasion of Russia

Download Napoleon's Invasion of Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Presidio Press
ISBN 13 : 0307538818
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (75 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Invasion of Russia by : George Nafziger

Download or read book Napoleon's Invasion of Russia written by George Nafziger and published by Presidio Press. This book was released on 2009-05-06 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An impressive source book on the conflict, high on information and data.”—Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research September 7, 1812, is by itself one of the most cataclysmic days in the history of war: 74,000 casualties at the Battle of Borodino. And this was well before the invention of weaspons of mass destruction like machine guns or breech-loading rifles. In this detailed study of one of the most fascinating military campaigns in history, George Nazfiger includes a clear exposition on the power structure in Europe at the time leading up to Napoleon’s fateful decision to attempt what turned out to be impossible: the conquest of Russia. Also featured are complete orders of battle and detailed descriptions of the opposing forces.

Napoleon's Invasion of Russia

Download Napoleon's Invasion of Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Theclassics.Us
ISBN 13 : 9781230234601
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (346 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Invasion of Russia by : Reginald George Burton

Download or read book Napoleon's Invasion of Russia written by Reginald George Burton and published by Theclassics.Us. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1914 edition. Excerpt: ... preface While the great tragedy of 1812 must ever excite the interest and wonder of mankind, like all the deeds of its mighty actor, the lessons to be derived from it are its most important if not its most attractive feature. We may point to the vanity of human greatness, here shown in its decline, and the limitations imposed by adverse circumstance on genius even in its most exalted manifestation. We may indicate the futility of undertaking a great enterprise with inadequate means, without the power and perhaps even the will to carry it to a successful conclusion; and the limits that are fixed to human ambition as much by the forces of nature as by the hostility of man. Napoleon, the embodiment of intellectual force, the incarnation of mental and physical energy, contrived for a time to control the conditions he created in Europe. He rode the whirlwind by virtue of character, of personality, of intelligence, and of imagination which made up the sum of his genius. But in course of time he created forces, not only in his enemies but in himself, which ranged beyond the power of control. There arose in him an almost blasphemous self-confidence a belief in his " star " that led him to neglect the elements necessary to success, which may be illustrated by his own saying: "It is a proof of the weakness of human nature that men imagine that they can oppose me." Well might Goethe say of him: "He lives entirely in the ideal but can never consciously grasp it." The military lessons of the Russian campaign are numerous. In its general features, in the grandeur of its conception, and in some respects in its execution, as well as in its abysmal end, this gigantic invasion was splendid and awe-inspiring. Who can contemplate unmoved the sublime...

Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia, 1812

Download Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia, 1812 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 178912249X
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (891 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia, 1812 by : Eugene Tarlé

Download or read book Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia, 1812 written by Eugene Tarlé and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) is one of the most illustrated political and military figures of the last two millennia. He has remained in the memory of the world as a legend that the passage of the years has failed to blur. On the contrary, Napoleon Bonaparte widely continues to be considered the personification of human genius. Originally published in this English translation in 1942, leading Russian historian Evgeny Tarle details Napoleon’s military campaign to invade Russia in the early nineteenth century. “The campaign of 1812 was more frankly imperialistic than any other of Napoleon’s wars; it was more directly dictated by the interests of the French upper middle class. The war of 1796-7, the conquest of Egypt in 1798-9, the second Italian campaign, and the recent defeat of the Austrians could still be justified as necessary measures of defence against the interventionists. The Napoleonic press called the Austerlitz campaign ‘self-defence’ against Russia, Austria, and England. The average Frenchman considered even the subjugation of Prussia in 1806-7 no more than a just penalty inflicted on the Prussian court for the arrogant ultimatum sent by Frederick-William III to the ‘peace-loving’ Napoleon, constantly harried by troublesome neighbours. Napoleon never ceased to speak of the fourth conquest of Austria in 1809 as a ‘defensive’ war, provoked by Austrian threats. Only the invasion of Spain and Portugal was passed over in discreet silence. “The War of 1812 was a struggle for survival in the full sense of the word—a defensive struggle against the onslaughts of the imperialist vulture.”—E. V. Tarle

Napoleon's Army in Russia

Download Napoleon's Army in Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Army in Russia by : Albrecht Adam

Download or read book Napoleon's Army in Russia written by Albrecht Adam and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1812 Napoleon's magnificent army invaded Russia. Among the half a million men who crossed the border was Albrecht Adam, a former baker, a soldier and, most importantly for us, a military artist of considerable talent. As the army plunged ever deeper into a devastated Russia Adam sketched and painted. In all he produced 77 colour plates of the campaign and they are as fresh and dramatic as the day they were produced. They show troops passing along dusty roads, bewildered civilians, battles and their bloody aftermath, burning towns and unchecked destruction. The memoirs which accompany the plates form a candid text describing the war Adam witnessed. Attached to IV Corps, composed largely of Italians, he was present at all the major actions and saw the conquerors march triumphantly into Moscow. But, from then on, the invading army's fate was sealed and the disastrous outcome of the war meant that the year 1812 would become legendary as one of the darkest chapters in history.

Napoleon's Army in Russia

Download Napoleon's Army in Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1473816580
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Army in Russia by : Jonathan North

Download or read book Napoleon's Army in Russia written by Jonathan North and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 1990-12-31 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1812 Napoleon's magnificent army invaded Russia. Among the half a million men who crossed the border was Albrecht Adam, a former baker, a soldier and, most importantly for us, a military artist of considerable talent. As the army plunged ever deeper into a devastated Russia Adam sketched and painted. In all he produced 77 colour plates of the campaign and they are as fresh and dramatic as the day they were produced. They show troops passing along dusty roads, bewildered civilians, battles and their bloody aftermath, burning towns and unchecked destruction. The memoirs which accompany the plates form a candid text describing the war Adam witnessed. Attached to IV Corps, composed largely of Italians, he was present at all the major actions and saw the conquerors march triumphantly into Moscow. But, from then on, the invading army's fate was sealed and the disastrous outcome of the war meant that the year 1812 would become legendary as one of the darkest chapters in history.

Mapping Time

Download Mapping Time PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ESRI Press
ISBN 13 : 9781589483125
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mapping Time by : M. J. Kraak

Download or read book Mapping Time written by M. J. Kraak and published by ESRI Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mapping Time: Illustrated by Minard's Map of Napoleon's Russian Campaign of 1812 takes an engaging look at the cartographic challenge of visualizing time on a map.

Napoleon's Invasion of Russia (Classic Reprint)

Download Napoleon's Invasion of Russia (Classic Reprint) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Forgotten Books
ISBN 13 : 9781333929091
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (29 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Invasion of Russia (Classic Reprint) by : Hereford Brooke George

Download or read book Napoleon's Invasion of Russia (Classic Reprint) written by Hereford Brooke George and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2016-10-12 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Napoleon's Invasion of Russia In a different category again are the writings of the two great theoretic strategists who took part in the campaign, J omini and Clausewitz. The former has greatly marred his Life of Napoleon by pretending that the Emperor is telling his own story: hence one hardly knows whether the excuses put forward for Napoleon's mistakes are merely dramatic, or represent the writer's real opinion. Never theless his pages give a good compendious View of the whole campaign, fuller of facts, though for that very reason less clear in outline, than that of Clausewitz. The book of the latter contains his own personal experiences he took part in the Russian retreat on Moscow, and was then sent off on other duty - mixed up with an admirable summary of the campaign, with criticisms on the general strategy of both parties. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

With Napoleon in Russia

Download With Napoleon in Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781853674549
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (745 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis With Napoleon in Russia by : Christian Wilhelm von Faber du Faur

Download or read book With Napoleon in Russia written by Christian Wilhelm von Faber du Faur and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handsome book is a unique record of Napoleon's invasion of Russia by Faber du Faur, a talented artist and front-line soldier. It combines his detailed, accurate and compelling illustrations of scenes recorded as they actually happened with his vivid and gripping memoirs of the campaign. The result is a superb and remarkably detailed evocation of 1812, from the sweeping battle scenes which capture the ordeal of Smolensk and Borodino, to the day-to-day struggle to keep campfires burning and famished men fed. Faber du Faur's plates - admired and highly-regarded primary source material - are here presented, for the first time, complete and in full color. His moving and frank memoirs, edited and translated by Jonathan North, are accompanied by a detailed campaign history and biography of the artist. Napoleon's invasion of Russia is a legendary campaign and a captivating story of endurance, survival and the rigors of total war. Few of the 500,000 men to cross the Niemen in July 1812 were to survive - the French army was decimated by the advance into the heart of Russia, and almost completely destroyed in the epic retreat from Moscow. With Napoleon in Russia is a unique presentation of this epic and an unforgettable depiction of the horrors of war.

Napoleon's Invasion of Russia

Download Napoleon's Invasion of Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (219 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Invasion of Russia by : Hereford Brooke George

Download or read book Napoleon's Invasion of Russia written by Hereford Brooke George and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

History Of The Expedition To Russia, Undertaken By The Emperor Napoleon, In The Year 1812 [Illustrated Edition]

Download History Of The Expedition To Russia, Undertaken By The Emperor Napoleon, In The Year 1812 [Illustrated Edition] PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1786259850
Total Pages : 774 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis History Of The Expedition To Russia, Undertaken By The Emperor Napoleon, In The Year 1812 [Illustrated Edition] by : Gen. Philippe-Paul comte de Ségur

Download or read book History Of The Expedition To Russia, Undertaken By The Emperor Napoleon, In The Year 1812 [Illustrated Edition] written by Gen. Philippe-Paul comte de Ségur and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-26 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes over 180 illustrations, portraits and maps covering the Russian Campaign of 1812. French general and historian Philippe-Paul, Comte de Ségur two-volume account of the invasion of Russia, first published in French in 1824, has been through many editions and has been translated into many languages. It is both a military history and an eyewitness account. This 2nd edition English translation was first published in 1825 and remains immensely valuable to historians’ understanding of Napoleon’s ultimately disastrous Russian strategy. Volume 1 covers the invasion and the advance on Moscow, and Volume 2 covers the arrival of the French army at a deserted Moscow, details the conditions endured and the lives lost in the course of the retreat.

Russia Against Napoleon

Download Russia Against Napoleon PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 0141947446
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (419 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Russia Against Napoleon by : Dominic Lieven

Download or read book Russia Against Napoleon written by Dominic Lieven and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A compulsive page-turner ... a triumph of brilliant storytelling ... an instant classic that is an awesome, remarkable and exuberant achievement' Simon Sebag Montefiore Winner of the Wolfson History Prize and shortlisted for the Duff Cooper Prize In the summer of 1812 Napoleon, the master of Europe, marched into Russia with the largest army ever assembled, confident that he would sweep everything before him. Yet less than two years later his empire lay in ruins, and Russia had triumphed. This is the first history to explore in depth Russia's crucial role in the Napoleonic Wars, re-creating the epic battle between two empires as never before. Dominic Lieven writes with great panache and insight to describe from the Russians' viewpoint how they went from retreat, defeat and the burning of Moscow to becoming the new liberators of Europe; the consequences of which could not have been more important. Ultimately this book shows, memorably and brilliantly, Russia embarking on its strange, central role in Europe's existence, as both threat and protector - a role that continues, in all its complexity, into our own lifetimes.

Napoleon's Invasion of Russia

Download Napoleon's Invasion of Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781783315260
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (152 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Invasion of Russia by : R. G. Burton

Download or read book Napoleon's Invasion of Russia written by R. G. Burton and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the acclaimed "Special Campaign" series of works intended for serious professional students of military history each volume is interspersed with strategical and tactical comments and illustrated by numerous sketches. The military lessons of the Russian campaign are numerous. In its general features, in the grandeur of its conception, and in some respects in its execution, as well as in its abysmal end, this gigantic invasion was splendid and awe-inspiring. Who can contemplate unmoved the sublime spectacle of that mighty human stream pouring across Europe into Russia, fighting its way to Moscow, and its shattered remnants struggling back across the Berezina, in worst icy flood so many thousand lives were quenched in circumstances of tragic horror. The dramatic figure of the Great Emperor, standing in the snow during the retreat, domination the situation by the mere terror of his personality, will stand out for ever on the page of history. The fortitude in the retreat of Ney, what warrior of transcendent courage, who, asked were the rearguard, replied in all truth "I am the rearguard"; and in response to a summons to surrender "A Marshal of France never surrenders " furnishes one of the finest episodes of this dramatic epoch. The Causes of War - Preparations for War - The Opposing Forces - The Theatre of War - The Invasion of Lithuania - The Advance to the Dwina - From the Dwina to the Dnieper - The Battle of Smolensk - The Advance to Borodino - The Battle of Borodino - The Occupation of Moscow - From Moscow to Maloyaroslavetz - The Retreat to Smolensk - From Smolensk to Borisov - The Passage of the Berezina - From the Berezina to the Niemen - The Causes of Failure. Maps and Plans: 1. Map of the Theatre of Operations. 2. Map to Illustrate the Operations round Smolensk. 3. Plan of Smolensk and its Environs. 4. The Battle of Borodino. 5. From Moscow to Smolensk. 6. The Passage of the Berezina.

Napoleon in Russia

Download Napoleon in Russia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Running PressBook Pub
ISBN 13 : 9780786712632
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (126 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon in Russia by : Alan Warwick Palmer

Download or read book Napoleon in Russia written by Alan Warwick Palmer and published by Running PressBook Pub. This book was released on 2003 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Napoleon is a torrent which as yet we are unable to stem,” said Field-Marshal Prince Mikhail Kutuzov in September 1812, and then he predicted, “Moscow will be the sponge that will suck him dry.” Three months earlier, on June 24, 1812, Napoleon had made his fateful crossing of the Niemen River into Lithuania with an army of 500,000 men, which by December would be depleted by war, the weather, starvation, and disease to a mere 10,000. Sucked dry, indeed. The final six months of 1812 made of Napoleon’s boldest imperial dream his most disastrous military campaign, which historian and biographer Alan Palmer recounts here with narrative immediacy, colorful detail, analytic skill, and striking insight. He follows the French forces in their long, dusty haul from Vilna to Vitebsk to Viasma; from the frightful slaughter at Borodino to Moscow’s deserted, burning streets—and then the horrors of the grueling winter retreat. But Palmer also looks beyond the savagery of blizzards and battles to bring to his vast canvas an overall picture of a campaign that tragically cost Napoleon nearly half a million men and shaped the greatest catastrophe of his career. Illustrations and maps are included.

Borodino 1812

Download Borodino 1812 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1780968817
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Borodino 1812 by : Philip Haythornthwaite

Download or read book Borodino 1812 written by Philip Haythornthwaite and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-09-20 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A highly illustrated account of the battle of Borodino, the most crucial action in Napoleon's 1812 campaign in Russia. The battle of Borodino was one of the greatest encounters in European history, and one of the largest and most sanguinary in the Napoleonic Wars. Following the breakdown of relations between Russia and France, Napoleon assembled a vast Grande Armée drawn from the many states within the French sphere of influence. They crossed the river Neimen and entered Russian territory in June 1812 with the aim of inflicting a sharp defeat on the Tsar's forces and bringing the Russians back into line. In a bloody battle of head-on attacks and desperate counter-attacks in the village of Borodino on 7 September 1812, both sides lost about a third of their men, with the Russians forced to withdraw and abandon Moscow to the French. However, the Grande Armée was harassed by Russian troops all the way back and was destroyed by the retreat. The greatest army Napoleon had ever commanded was reduced to a shadow of frozen, starving fugitives. This title covers the events of Napoleon's disastrous Russian campaign of 1812 in its entirety, with the set-piece battle of Borodino proving the focal point of the book.

Narrative of Events During the Invasion of Russia by Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Retreat of the French Army. 1812

Download Narrative of Events During the Invasion of Russia by Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Retreat of the French Army. 1812 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Theclassics.Us
ISBN 13 : 9781230459400
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (594 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Narrative of Events During the Invasion of Russia by Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Retreat of the French Army. 1812 by : Sir Robert Thomas Wilson

Download or read book Narrative of Events During the Invasion of Russia by Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Retreat of the French Army. 1812 written by Sir Robert Thomas Wilson and published by Theclassics.Us. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1860 edition. Excerpt: ... to render him useful service." The Marshal said "he had determined to finish the war on that spot--to succeed or make the enemy pass over his body,"f and requested the English General " to keep up constant communication with him from every point of the field where he might be moving during the combat," and authorized him " to use his name on every emergency as bearing an order from himself." Above eighty thousand men were placed in position, with nearly seven hundred pieces of cannon, pointing their muzzles on all the sallying points of the town. The enemy could not be more than seventy thousand strong; for a large force had moved with the great convoy on the Mojaisk road, and Poniatowski with his corps had been detached to Wercia, with instructions to reconnoitre the road to Medynsk. The state of the enemy was moreover calculated to put the Russian commander at ease with regard to the result of the intended obstruction. It was now indisputable that the enemy was not proposing to entangle his adversary by a series of complicated operations, but that his sole object was " transit," without the passport he had been so long expecting. That in case of success he could not afford time to pursue his advantage, and deviate from this sole point de mire of his movement. That should the enemy even penetrate the Russian semicircle of investment, and gain the Kalouga or Medynsk line of road, the Russian divided wings would have nothing to apprehend from separation, but might immediately act as distinct corps to harass his flank Oct. 1812. KUTUSOW DETERMINES TO RETREAT. 233 causeway was constructed, and extended a good quarter of a mile. Beyond the causeway rose a high hill, which ran parallel with and commanded the whole ravine. A. division...

Napoleon's Invasion of Russia. with Maps and Plans - Scholar's Choice Edition

Download Napoleon's Invasion of Russia. with Maps and Plans - Scholar's Choice Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781296022167
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (221 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Napoleon's Invasion of Russia. with Maps and Plans - Scholar's Choice Edition by : Hereford Brooke George

Download or read book Napoleon's Invasion of Russia. with Maps and Plans - Scholar's Choice Edition written by Hereford Brooke George and published by . This book was released on 2015-02-14 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.