Nanocomposite Ceramic And Thin Film Scintillators

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Nanocomposite, Ceramic, and Thin Film Scintillators

Author : Martin Nikl
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1315340976
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanocomposite, Ceramic, and Thin Film Scintillators by : Martin Nikl

Download or read book Nanocomposite, Ceramic, and Thin Film Scintillators written by Martin Nikl and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature so far has reviewed only single-crystal and, up to some extent, optical ceramic scintillators. This book introduces and describes in detail the research and development in thin film scintillators, glass ceramics, as well as nanocomposite and optical ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering. It also features example of an in-depth study of a ZnO-based powder phosphor material. Both technology description and various characterization aspects are provided together with application hints. No other book has been published so far that includes and reviews the scintillator materials covered in this book with their specific technologies. Moreover, technological description is merged with detailed characterization, and the application potential is discussed as well. This book is intended for a wide audience, including postgraduate and PhD students and scientists working in the field of scintillators and phosphors. The extended introductory text, which has a textbook character, will be of immense benefit to students and non-specialists, too.

Nanocomposite, Ceramic, and Thin Film Scintillators

Author : Martin Nikl
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9814745235
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanocomposite, Ceramic, and Thin Film Scintillators by : Martin Nikl

Download or read book Nanocomposite, Ceramic, and Thin Film Scintillators written by Martin Nikl and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature so far has reviewed only single-crystal and, up to some extent, optical ceramic scintillators. This book introduces and describes in detail the research and development in thin film scintillators, glass ceramics, as well as nanocomposite and optical ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering. It also features example of an in-depth study of a ZnO-based powder phosphor material. Both technology description and various characterization aspects are provided together with application hints. No other book has been published so far that includes and reviews the scintillator materials covered in this book with their specific technologies. Moreover, technological description is merged with detailed characterization, and the application potential is discussed as well. This book is intended for a wide audience, including postgraduate and PhD students and scientists working in the field of scintillators and phosphors. The extended introductory text, which has a textbook character, will be of immense benefit to students and non-specialists, too.

Springer Handbook of Glass

Author : J. David Musgraves
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3319937286
Total Pages : 1851 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Springer Handbook of Glass by : J. David Musgraves

Download or read book Springer Handbook of Glass written by J. David Musgraves and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 1851 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides comprehensive treatment of the current state of glass science from the leading experts in the field. Opening with an enlightening contribution on the history of glass, the volume is then divided into eight parts. The first part covers fundamental properties, from the current understanding of the thermodynamics of the amorphous state, kinetics, and linear and nonlinear optical properties through colors, photosensitivity, and chemical durability. The second part provides dedicated chapters on each individual glass type, covering traditional systems like silicates and other oxide systems, as well as novel hybrid amorphous materials and spin glasses. The third part features detailed descriptions of modern characterization techniques for understanding this complex state of matter. The fourth part covers modeling, from first-principles calculations through molecular dynamics simulations, and statistical modeling. The fifth part presents a range of laboratory and industrial glass processing methods. The remaining parts cover a wide and representative range of applications areas from optics and photonics through environment, energy, architecture, and sensing. Written by the leading international experts in the field, the Springer Handbook of Glass represents an invaluable resource for graduate students through academic and industry researchers working in photonics, optoelectronics, materials science, energy, architecture, and more.

Nanopowders of Metal Oxides and Fluorides

Author : Sergey Yur'evich Sokovnin
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000770397
Total Pages : 713 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanopowders of Metal Oxides and Fluorides by : Sergey Yur'evich Sokovnin

Download or read book Nanopowders of Metal Oxides and Fluorides written by Sergey Yur'evich Sokovnin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-27 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the directions of nanotechnology is the production of nanopowders (NPs). Nanopowders, according to the currently widely used classification of nanomaterials, belong to zero-dimensional systems in which the limitation of wave functions occurs in all three directions. Biological methods are considered the most environmentally friendly way to synthesize NPs, but the possibility of biological contamination with mutated microorganisms cannot be ruled out. This book presents a new method for producing simple and complex metal oxide and fluoride NPs, based on the “evaporation-condensation” process using pulsed electron beam evaporation. It presents the results of more than 10 years of study of the characteristics of NPs produced using the aforementioned method. This eco-friendly method ensures the production of clean NPs, which are mesoporous and suitable for use in various applications such as medicine, spintronics, optoelectronics, dosimeters, photocatalysis, semiconductors, and ultraviolet and blue lasers. Importantly, these NPs have the potential to be used as a drug delivery system and in the creation of new nanostructures that do not contain noble metals. The book will be useful for the researchers in macromolecular science, nanotechnology, chemistry, biology, and medicine, especially those with an interest in drug delivery or cancer therapy.

Nanocomposite Glass-ceramic Scintillators for Radiation Spectroscopy

Author : Meredith Brooke Barta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (844 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanocomposite Glass-ceramic Scintillators for Radiation Spectroscopy by : Meredith Brooke Barta

Download or read book Nanocomposite Glass-ceramic Scintillators for Radiation Spectroscopy written by Meredith Brooke Barta and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the United States Departments of Homeland Security (DHS) and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) have been charged with the task of scanning every cargo container crossing domestic borders for illicit radioactive material. This is accomplished by using gamma-ray detection systems capable of discriminating between non-threatening radioisotopes, such as Cs-137, which is often used in nuclear medicine, and fissile material, such as U-238, that can be used to make nuclear weapons or "dirty" bombs. Scintillation detector systems, specifically thallium-doped sodium iodide (NaI(Tl)) single crystals, are by far the most popular choice for this purpose because they are inexpensive relative to other types of detectors, but are still able to identify isotopes with reasonable accuracy. However, increased demand for these systems has served as a catalyst for the research and development of new scintillator materials with potential to surpass NaI(Tl). The focus of a majority of recent scintillator materials research has centered on sintered transparent ceramics, phosphor-doped organic matrices, and the development of novel single crystal compositions. Some of the most promising new materials are glass-ceramic nanocomposites. By precipitating a dense array of nano-scale scintillating crystals rather than growing a single monolith, novel compositions such as LaBr3(Ce) may be fabricated to useful sizes, and their potential to supersede the energy resolution of NaI(Tl) can be fully explored. Also, because glass-ceramic synthesis begins by casting a homogeneous glass melt, a broad range of geometries beyond the ubiquitous cylinder can be fabricated and characterized. Finally, the glass matrix ensures environmental isolation of the hygroscopic scintillating crystals, and so glass-ceramic scintillators show potential to serve as viable detectors in alpha- and neutron-spectroscopy in addition to gamma-rays. However, for the improvements promised by glass-ceramics to become reality, several material properties must be considered. These include the degree of control over precipitated crystallite size, the solubility limit of the glass matrix with respect to the scintillating compounds, the variation in maximum achievable light yield with composition, and the peak wavelength of emitted photons. Studies will focus on three base glass systems, sodium-aluminosilicate (NAS), sodium-borosilicate (NBS), and alumino-borosilicate (ABS), into which a cerium-doped gadolinium bromide (GdBr3(Ce)) scintillating phase will be incorporated. Scintillator volumes of 50 cubic centimeters or greater will be fabricated to facilitate comparison with NaI(Tl) crystals currently available.

Harnessing Materials for X-ray Based Cancer Therapy and Imaging

Author : Surender Kumar Sharma
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031040716
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Harnessing Materials for X-ray Based Cancer Therapy and Imaging by : Surender Kumar Sharma

Download or read book Harnessing Materials for X-ray Based Cancer Therapy and Imaging written by Surender Kumar Sharma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-31 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the efficacy of nanomaterial-based X-rays enhancers against cancer therapy and imaging in both in vitro and in vivo systems. Also, synthesis, mechanism, and the related biological effects are given. Moreover, nanoparticle-based contrast agents to enhance the image quality are compiled. Finally, special nanoparticle-based contrast agents to enhance the contrast for targeted cancer therapy are covered and discussed.

Advances in Nanocomposite Technology

Author : Abbass A. Hashim
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533073470
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Nanocomposite Technology by : Abbass A. Hashim

Download or read book Advances in Nanocomposite Technology written by Abbass A. Hashim and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-27 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book "Advances in Nanocomposite Technology" contains 16 chapters divided in three sections. Section one, "Electronic Applications", deals with the preparation and characterization of nanocomposite materials for electronic applications and studies. In section two, "Material Nanocomposites", the advanced research of polymer nanocomposite material and polymer-clay, ceramic, silicate glass-based nanocomposite and the functionality of graphene nanocomposites is presented. The Human and Bioapplications section is describing how nanostructures are synthesized and draw attention on wide variety of nanostructures available for biological research and treatment applications. We believe that this book offers broad examples of existing developments in nanocomposite technology research and an excellent introduction to nanoelectronics, nanomaterial applications and bionanocomposites.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposite Scintillators for Radiation Detection

Author : Sunil Kumar Sahi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposite Scintillators for Radiation Detection by : Sunil Kumar Sahi

Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposite Scintillators for Radiation Detection written by Sunil Kumar Sahi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inorganic single crystal and organic (plastic and liquid) scintillators are commonly used for radiation detection. Inorganic single crystals are efficient and have better energy resolution compared to organic scintillators. However, inorganic single crystals are difficult to grow in large size and hence expensive. On the other hand, fast decay time and ease of fabrication makes organic scintillators attractive for many applications. However, poor energy resolution of organic scintillators limits its applications in gamma ray spectroscopy. The poor energy resolution is due to the low Z-Value and low density of organic scintillator. The Z-value of organic plastic scintillator can be increase by loading nanoparticles in plastic matrix. It is expected that the increase in Z-value would result in improve energy resolution of nanocomposite scintillator. However, the loss of optical transparency due to nanoparticles loading is one of the major concerns of nanocomposite scintillators. In this dissertation, we used different methods to synthesize LaxCe1-xF3 nanoparticles with high dispersion in polymer matrix. High nanoparticle dispersion is important to load high concentration of nanoparticles into polymer matrix without losing the transparency of the polymer matrix. The as synthesized nanoparticles are dispersed into monomers and polymerized using heat initiated bulk polymerization method. Nanoparticles are characterized using TEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA. The optical and scintillation properties of nanoparticles and nanocomposites are studied using spectroscopic techniques. The pulse height spectra obtained using nanocomposite fabricated by loading up to 30 wt% nanoparticles clearly show a photopeak for the 122 keV line of the Co-57 isotope. The generation of the photopeak is due to the enhanced photoelectric effect as a result of increased effective atomic number (Zeff) and density of nanocomposite scintillator. The pulse height spectra of Cs-137 gamma source show a full energy peak at around 622 keV, due to the escape of La and Ce K[alpha] X-rays. The fabrication process of transparent nanocomposite scintillator is discussed in details.

Silicate Glass-Based Nanocomposite Scintillators

Author : Martin Nikl
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Silicate Glass-Based Nanocomposite Scintillators by : Martin Nikl

Download or read book Silicate Glass-Based Nanocomposite Scintillators written by Martin Nikl and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicate Glass-Based Nanocomposite Scintillators.

Ceramic Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ceramic Abstracts by :

Download or read book Ceramic Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Epitaxial Graphene on Silicon Carbide

Author : Gemma Rius
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351736213
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Epitaxial Graphene on Silicon Carbide by : Gemma Rius

Download or read book Epitaxial Graphene on Silicon Carbide written by Gemma Rius and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-19 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book dedicated exclusively to epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide (EG-SiC). It comprehensively addresses all fundamental aspects relevant for the study and technology development of EG materials and their applications, using quantum Hall effect studies and probe techniques such as scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic resolution imaging based on transmission electron microscopy. It presents the state of the art of the synthesis of EG-SiC and profusely explains it as a function of SiC substrate characteristics such as polytype, polarity, and wafer cut as well as the in situ and ex situ conditioning techniques, including H2 pre-deposition annealing and chemical mechanical polishing. It also describes growth studies, including the most popular characterization techniques, such as ultrahigh-vacuum, partial-pressure, or graphite-cap sublimation techniques, for high-quality controlled deposition. The book includes relevant examples on synthesis and characterization techniques as well as device fabrication processing and performance and complements them with theoretical modeling and simulation studies, which are helpful in the fundamental comprehension of EG-SiC substrates and their potential use in electronic applications. It addresses the fundamental aspects of EG-SiC using quantum Hall effect studies as well as probe techniques, such as scanning tunneling microscopy or atomic resolution imaging based on transmission electron microscopy. It comprises chapters that present reviews and vision on the current state of the art of experts in physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and nanotechnology from Europe and Asia.

Pulsed Laser Ablation

Author : Ion N. Mihailescu
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351733524
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Pulsed Laser Ablation by : Ion N. Mihailescu

Download or read book Pulsed Laser Ablation written by Ion N. Mihailescu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulsed laser–based techniques for depositing and processing materials are an important area of modern experimental and theoretical scientific research and development, with promising, challenging opportunities in the fields of nanofabrication and nanostructuring. Understanding the interplay between deposition/processing conditions, laser parameters, as well as material properties and dimensionality is demanding for improved fundamental knowledge and novel applications. This book introduces and discusses the basic principles of pulsed laser–matter interaction, with a focus on its peculiarities and perspectives compared to other conventional techniques and state-of-the-art applications. The book starts with an overview of the growth topics, followed by a discussion of laser–matter interaction depending on laser pulse duration, background conditions, materials, and combination of materials and structures. The information outlines the foundation to introduce examples of laser nanostructuring/processing of materials, pointing out the importance of pulsed laser–based technologies in modern (nano)science. With respect to similar texts and monographs, the book offers a comprehensive review including bottom-up and top-down laser-induced processes for nanoparticles and nanomicrostructure generation. Theoretical models are discussed by correlation with advanced experimental protocols in order to account for the fundamentals and underline physical mechanisms of laser–matter interaction. Reputed, internationally recognized experts in the field have contributed to this book. In particular, this book is suitable for a reader (graduate students as well as postgraduates and more generally researchers) new to the subject of pulsed laser ablation in order to gain physical insight into and advanced knowledge of mechanisms and processes involved in any deposition/processing experiment based on pulsed laser–matter interaction. Since knowledge in the field is given step by step comprehensively, this book serves as a valid introduction to the field as well as a foundation for further specific readings.

Plastic Scintillators

Author : Matthieu Hamel
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030734889
Total Pages : 647 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Plastic Scintillators by : Matthieu Hamel

Download or read book Plastic Scintillators written by Matthieu Hamel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-10 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the physics and chemistry of plastic scintillators (fluorescent polymers) that are able to emit light when exposed to ionizing radiation, discussing their chemical modification in the early 1950s and 1960s, as well as the renewed upsurge in interest in the 21st century. The book presents contributions from various researchers on broad aspects of plastic scintillators, from physics, chemistry, materials science and applications, covering topics such as the chemical nature of the polymer and/or the fluorophores, modification of the photophysical properties (decay time, emission wavelength) and loading of additives to make the material more sensitive to, e.g., fast neutrons, thermal neutrons or gamma rays. It also describes the benefits of recent technological advances for plastic scintillators, such as nanomaterials and quantum dots, which allow features that were previously not achievable with regular organic molecules or organometallics.

Chemical Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2726 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Abstracts by :

Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Smart Ceramics

Author : Ajay Kumar Mishra
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351671634
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Ceramics by : Ajay Kumar Mishra

Download or read book Smart Ceramics written by Ajay Kumar Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in nanotechnology have paved the way for the development of new smart materials. The term "smart ceramics" refers to ceramic materials fabricated from ultrafine particles. They have attracted the attention of researchers and scientists thanks to their potential to manipulate the length scale in the nanorange, leading to better and some unusual material properties. Smart ceramics ensure control of particle size, surface contamination, and degree of agglomeration. They play a crucial role in challenging applications such as bone surgery (e.g., the development of substitutes for load-bearing bone parts) and in biomedical science, especially in tissue engineering, dental applications, and drug and antigen delivery using modified ceramics. Porous nanostructured ceramics have potential use in both simple and complex applications, such as bioimaging, sensors, paints and pigments, optics, and electronics, because of their surface- and size-dependent properties. For the synthesis of smart ceramics, the sol-gel route has been mainly utilized because of its ability to produce a large variety of compositions and to ensure homogeneous mixing of the constituent particles at low temperature. This book describes the innovations in technologies through the development of functionalized ceramic materials for various applications. It also describes recent and expected challenges, along with their potential solutions, in advanced techniques for the synthesis and characterization of nanostructured ceramics and their composites: bioceramics, bioactive ceramics, multifunctional nanoceramics, transparent ceramics, nanocore shells, nanowires, thin films, nanotubes, and nanorods. The applications include the environment, health care, electrochemical sensors, high-temperature superconductors, nuclear reactor fuels, electrical insulators, refractory materials, electrical transformers, and magnetic core memory. The book will benefit researchers, scientists, engineers, and technologists working in the industry and in national and international research laboratories; academics who are interested in traditional and advanced smart ceramic composites; and students pursuing their postgraduate, graduate, and undergraduate degrees in smart ceramics, nanomaterials, nanoscience, and engineering.

Advances in Nanocomposite Technology

Author : Abbass A. Hashim
Publisher : IntechOpen
ISBN 13 : 9789533073477
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (734 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Nanocomposite Technology by : Abbass A. Hashim

Download or read book Advances in Nanocomposite Technology written by Abbass A. Hashim and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2011-07-27 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book "Advances in Nanocomposite Technology" contains 16 chapters divided in three sections. Section one, "Electronic Applications", deals with the preparation and characterization of nanocomposite materials for electronic applications and studies. In section two, "Material Nanocomposites", the advanced research of polymer nanocomposite material and polymer-clay, ceramic, silicate glass-based nanocomposite and the functionality of graphene nanocomposites is presented. The Human and Bioapplications section is describing how nanostructures are synthesized and draw attention on wide variety of nanostructures available for biological research and treatment applications. We believe that this book offers broad examples of existing developments in nanocomposite technology research and an excellent introduction to nanoelectronics, nanomaterial applications and bionanocomposites.

Glass Nanocomposites

Author : Basudeb Karmakar
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 0323393128
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis Glass Nanocomposites by : Basudeb Karmakar

Download or read book Glass Nanocomposites written by Basudeb Karmakar and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glass Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications provides the latest information on a rapidly growing field of specialized materials, bringing light to new research findings that include a growing number of technologies and applications. With this growth, a new need for deep understanding of the synthesis methods, composite structure, processing and application of glass nanocomposites has emerged. In the book, world renowned experts in the field, Professors Karmakar, Rademann, and Stepanov, fill the knowledge gap, building a bridge between the areas of nanoscience, photonics, and glass technology. The book covers the fundamentals, synthesis, processing, material properties, structure property correlation, interpretation thereof, characterization, and a wide range of applications of glass nanocomposites in many different devices and branches of technology. Recent developments and future directions of all types of glass nanocomposites, such as metal-glasses (e.g., metal nanowire composites, nanoglass-mesoporous silica composites), semiconductor-glass and ceramic-glass nanocomposites, as well as oxide and non-oxide glasses, are also covered in great depth. Each chapter is logically structured in order to increase coherence, with each including question sets as exercises for a deeper understanding of the text. Provides comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge and literature review for both the oxide and non-oxide glass nanocomposites (i.e., practically all types of glass nanocomposites) Reviews a wide range of synthesis types, properties, characterization, and applications of diverse types of glass nanocomposites Presents future directions of glass nanocomposites for researchers and engineers, as well as question sets for use in university courses