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Motivational Internalism
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Book Synopsis Motivational Internalism by : Gunnar Björnsson
Download or read book Motivational Internalism written by Gunnar Björnsson and published by Oxford Moral Theory. This book was released on 2015 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivational internalism - the thesis that there is an intrinsic or necessary connection between moral judgment and moral motivation - is a central thesis in a number of metaethical debates. This volume helps readers to appreciate the state of the art of research on internalism, to see connections between various aspects of the debate, and to deepen the discussion of a number of central aspects.
Book Synopsis Motivational Internalism by : Gunnar Björnsson
Download or read book Motivational Internalism written by Gunnar Björnsson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivational internalism-the idea that there is an intrinsic or necessary connection between moral judgment and moral motivation-is a central thesis in a number of metaethical debates. In conjunction with a Humean picture of motivation, it provides a challenge for cognitivist theories that take moral judgments to concern objective aspects of reality. Versions of internalism have potential implications for moral absolutism, realism, non-naturalism, and rationalism. Being a constraint on more detailed conceptions of moral motivation and moral judgment, it is also directly relevant to wider issues in moral psychology. But internalism is a controversial thesis, and the apparent possibility of amoralists and the rejection of strong forms of internalism have also been seen as problems for non-cognitivists. This volume's thirteen new essays and introduction are meant to help readers appreciate state-of-the-art of research on internalism, to identify connections between various aspects of the debate, and to deepen discussion of a number of central aspects of metaethics. The introductory chapter provides a structured overview of the debate with a focus on the last two decades, while the book's three main sections focus on what evidence there is for or against various versions of internalism, the relevance of versions of internalism for wider metaethical issues, and different ways of accommodating both internalist and externalist aspects of moral practice, respectively.
Book Synopsis Moral Motivation by : Iakovos Vasiliou
Download or read book Moral Motivation written by Iakovos Vasiliou and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral Motivation presents a history of the concept of moral motivation. The book consists of ten chapters by eminent scholars in the history of philosophy, covering Plato, Aristotle, later Peripatetic philosophy, medieval philosophy, Spinoza, Locke, Hume, Kant, Fichte and Hegel, and the consequentialist tradition. In addition, four interdisciplinary "Reflections" discuss how the topic of moral motivation arises in epic poetry, Cicero, early opera, and Theodore Dreiser. Most contemporary philosophical discussions of moral motivation focus on whether and how moral beliefs by themselves motivate an agent (at least to some degree) to act. In much of the history of the concept, especially before Hume, the focus is rather on how to motivate people to act morally as well as on what sort of motivation a person must act from (or what end an agents acts for) in order to be a genuinely ethical person or even to have done a genuinely ethical action. The book shows the complexity of the historical treatment of moral motivation and, moreover, how intertwined moral motivation is with central aspects of ethical theory.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Debates in Moral Theory by : James Dreier
Download or read book Contemporary Debates in Moral Theory written by James Dreier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-04 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary Debates in Moral Theory features pairs of newly commissioned essays by some of the leading theorists working in the field today. Brings together fresh debates on the most controversial issues in moral theory Questions include: Are moral requirements derived from reason? How demanding is morality? Are virtues the proper starting point for moral theorizing? Lively debate format sharply defines the issues, and paves the way for further discussion. Will serve as an accessible introduction to the major topics in contemporary moral theory, while also capturing the imagination of professional philosophers.
Book Synopsis The Dispositional Architecture of Epistemic Reasons by : Hamid Vahid
Download or read book The Dispositional Architecture of Epistemic Reasons written by Hamid Vahid and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-06 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with the conditions under which epistemic reasons provide justification for beliefs. The author draws on metaethical theories of reasons and normativity and then applies his theory to various contemporary debates in epistemology. In the first part of the book, the author outlines what he calls the dispositional architecture of epistemic reasons. The author offers and defends a dispositional account of how propositional and doxastic justification are related to one another. He then argues that the dispositional view has the resources to provide an acceptable account of the notion of the basing relation. In the second part of the book, the author examines how his theory of epistemic reasons bears on the issues involving perceptual reasons. He defends dogmatism about perceptual justification against conservatism and shows how his dispositional framework illuminates certain claims of dogmatism and its adherence to justification internalism. Finally, the author applies his dispositional framework to epistemological topics including the structure of defeat, self-knowledge, reasoning, emotions and motivational internalism. The Dispositional Architecture of Epistemic Reasons demonstrates the value of employing metaethical considerations for the justification of beliefs and propositions. It will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in epistemology and metaethics.
Book Synopsis The Authority of Reason by : Jean E. Hampton
Download or read book The Authority of Reason written by Jean E. Hampton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-02-28 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This challenging and provocative book argues against much contemporary orthodoxy in philosophy and the social sciences by showing why objectivity in the domain of ethics is really no different from the objectivity of scientific knowledge. Many philosophers and social scientists have challenged the idea that we act for objectively authoritative reasons. Jean Hampton takes up the challenge by undermining two central assumptions of this contemporary orthodoxy: that one can understand instrumental reasons without appeal to objective authority, and that the adoption of the scientific world view requires no such appeal. In the course of the book Jean Hampton examines moral realism, the general nature of reason and norms, internalism and externalism, instrumental reasoning, and the expected utility model of practical reasoning. The book is sure to prove to be a seminal work in the theory of rationality that will be read by a broad swathe of philosophers and social scientists.
Book Synopsis Normativity and Naturalism by : Peter Schaber
Download or read book Normativity and Naturalism written by Peter Schaber and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the centre of the metaethical debate that took off from G.E. Moore's Principia Ethica (1903) was his critique of ethical naturalism. While Moore's own arguments against ethical naturalism find little acceptance these days, an alternative ground for thinking that ethical properties and facts could not be natural has gained prominence: No natural account can be given of normativity. This collection contains original essays from both sides of the debate. Representing a wide range of metaethical views, the authors develop diverse accounts of normativity and discuss what it means for a concept to be natural. Contributions are by Norbert Anwander, David Copp, Neil Roughley, Peter Schaber, Thomas Schmidt, Tatjana Tarkian, and Theo van Willigenburg.
Download or read book New Waves in Ethics written by T. Brooks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together the leading future figures in ethics broadly construed with essays ranging from metaethics and normative ethics to applied ethics and political philosophy, topics include new work on experimental philosophy, feminism, and global justice incorporating perspectives informed from historical and contemporary approaches alike.
Book Synopsis Moral Motivation by : Iakovos Vasiliou
Download or read book Moral Motivation written by Iakovos Vasiliou and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Moral Motivation' provides a history of moral motivation by ten eminent scholars, covering Plato, Aristotle, Spinoza, Locke, Hume, Kant, the consequentialists and others. It shows the complexity of the historical treatment of moral motivation and, moreover, how intertwined discussion of moral motivation is with central aspects of ethical theory.
Book Synopsis Ethics and Practical Reason by : Garrett Cullity
Download or read book Ethics and Practical Reason written by Garrett Cullity and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1997-11-20 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These thirteen new, specially written essays by a distinguished international line-up of contributors, including some leading contemporary moral philosophers, give a rich and varied view of current work on ethics and practical reason. The three main perspectives on the topic, Kantian, Humean, and Aristotelian, are all well represented. The editors' introduction provides a valuable introductory survey of the topic, putting the individual essays in context. Ethics and Practical Reason will be essential reading for scholars, postgraduates, and upper-level undergraduates working in this area. - ;These thirteen new, specially written essays by a distinguished international line-up of contributors, including some leading contemporary moral philosophers, give a rich and varied view of current work on ethics and practical reason. The three main perspectives on the topic, Kantian, Humean, and Aristotelian, are all well represented. Issues covered include: the connection between reason and motivation; the source of moral reasons and their relation to reasons of self-interest; the relation of practical reason to value, to freedom, to responsibility, and to feelings. The editors' introduction provides a valuable introductory survey of the topic, putting the individual essays in context. Ethics and Practical Reason will be essential reading for scholars, postgraduates, and upper-level undergraduates working in this area. -
Book Synopsis The Scope of Autonomy by : Katerina Deligiorgi
Download or read book The Scope of Autonomy written by Katerina Deligiorgi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Katerina Deligiorgi offers a contemporary defence of autonomy that is Kantian in orientation but which engages closely with recent arguments about agency, morality, and practical reasoning. Autonomy is a key concept in contemporary moral philosophy with deep roots in the history of the subject. However, there is still no agreed view about the correct way to formulate an account of autonomy that adequately captures both our capacity for self-determination and our responsiveness to reasons. The theory defended in The Scope of Autonomy is distinctive in two respects. First, whereas autonomy has primarily been understood in terms of our relation to ourselves, Deligiorgi shows that it also centrally involves our relation to others. Identifying the intersubjective dimension of autonomy is crucial for the defence of autonomy as a morality of freedom. Second, autonomy must be treated as a composite concept and hence not capturable in simple definitions such as acting on one's higher order desires or on principles one endorses. One of the virtues of the composite picture is that it shows autonomy lying at the intersection of concerns with morality, practical rationality, and freedom. Autonomy pertains to all these areas, though it does not exactly coincide with any of them. Proving this, and so tracing the scope of autonomy, is therefore essential: Deligiorgi shows that autonomy is theoretically plausible, psychologically realistic, and morally attractive.
Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Practical Reason by : Ruth Chang
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Practical Reason written by Ruth Chang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last several decades, questions about practical reason have come to occupy the center stage in ethics and metaethics. The Routledge Handbook of Practical Reason is an outstanding reference source to this exciting and distinctive subject area and is the first volume of its kind. Comprising thirty-six chapters by an international team of contributors, the Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the field and is divided into five parts: Foundational Matters Practical Reason in the History of Philosophy Philosophy of Practical Reason as Action Theory and Moral Psychology Philosophy of Practical Reason as Theory of Practical Normativity The Philosophy of Practical Reason as the Theory of Practical Rationality The Handbook also includes two chapters by the late Derek Parfit, ‘Objectivism about Reasons’ and ‘Normative Non-Naturalism.’ The Routledge Handbook of Practical Reason is essential reading for philosophy students and researchers in metaethics, philosophy of action, action theory, ethics, and the history of philosophy.
Book Synopsis Moral Knowledge and Ethical Character by : Robert Audi
Download or read book Moral Knowledge and Ethical Character written by Robert Audi and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1997-09-25 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an ethical theory that uniquely integrates naturalistic and rationalistic elements. Robert Audi develops his theory in four areas: moral epistemology, the metaphysics of ethics, moral psychology, and the foundations of ethics. Comprising both new and published work, the book sets forth a moderate intuitionism, clarifies the relation between reason and motivation, constructs a theory of intrinsic value and its place in moral obligation, and presents a sophisticated account of moral justification. The concluding chapter articulates a new normative framework built from both Kantian and intuitionist elements. Connecting ethics in novel ways to both the theory of value and the philosophy of action, the essays explore topics such as ethical intuition, reason and judgement, and virtue. Audi also considers major views in the history of ethics, including those of Aristotle, Hume, Kant, Mill, Moore, and W. D. Ross, and engages contemporary work on autonomy, responsibility, objectivity, reasons, and other issues. Clear and conceptually rich, this book makes vital reading for students and scholars of ethics.
Book Synopsis Emotions as Original Existences by : Demian Whiting
Download or read book Emotions as Original Existences written by Demian Whiting and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-25 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book defends the much-disputed view that emotions are what Hume referred to as ‘original existences’: feeling states that have no intentional or representational properties of their own. In doing so, the book serves as a valuable counterbalance to the now mainstream view that emotions are representational mental states. Beginning with a defence of a feeling theory of emotion, Whiting opens up a whole new way of thinking about the role and centrality of emotion in our lives, showing how emotion is key to a proper understanding of human motivation and the self. Whiting establishes that emotions as types of bodily feelings serve as the categorical bases for our behavioural dispositions, including those associated with moral thought, virtue, and vice. The book concludes by advancing the idea that emotions make up our intrinsic nature - the characterisation of what we are like in and of ourselves, when considered apart from how we are disposed to behave. The conclusion additionally draws out the implications of the claims made throughout the book in relation to our understanding of mental illness and the treatment of emotional disorders.
Book Synopsis Moral Education and Development by : Doret J. de Ruyter
Download or read book Moral Education and Development written by Doret J. de Ruyter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worries about the moral standard of younger generations are of all ages. The older generation tends to believe that the moral education of young people deserves special attention, because their moral development does not reach the level adults hope for. This observation does not mean that the older generation is necessarily wrong, but what it indisputably does show is that they attach high importance to morality and moral education. But, what characterises a moral person? What influences people to behave morally? What should moral education involve? Which (inter)disciplinary contributions are relevant to improving moral education? These questions continuously deserve the attention of academics, students and (professional) educators. This book is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on interdisciplinary empirical research about the reasons why people act morally and the consequences for moral education. The primarily philosophical chapters of the second part address the question what it means to be a moral person and the implication of this elucidation for moral education. The third part contains five chapters that deal with moral aspects of sex education and civic education. The fourth part consists of one chapter that looks at the moral education of students who will work in a pedagogical or educational environment, arguing that one’s moral development requires a lifetime commitment. This book is written for a wide academic audience. The collection of chapters will be of interest to pedagogues, educational scientists, moral philosophers and moral psychologists, and to both newcomers and experts in the field.
Author :Robert Audi Professor of Philosophy University of Nebraska Publisher :Oxford University Press, USA ISBN 13 :0198027419 Total Pages :322 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (98 download)
Book Synopsis Moral Knowledge and Ethical Character by : Robert Audi Professor of Philosophy University of Nebraska
Download or read book Moral Knowledge and Ethical Character written by Robert Audi Professor of Philosophy University of Nebraska and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997-08-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unified collection of published and unpublished papers by Robert Audi, a renowned defender of the rationalist position in ethics. Taken together, the essays present a vigorous, broadly-based argument in moral epistemology and a related account of reasons for action and their bearing on moral justification and moral character. Part I details Audi's compelling moral epistemology while Part II offers a unique vision of ethical concepts and an account of moral explanation, as well as a powerful model of moral realism. Part III extends this account of moral explanation to moral responsibility for both actions and character and to the relation between virtue and the actions that express it. Part IV elaborates a theory of reasons for action that locates them in relation to three of their traditionally major sources: desire, moral judgment, and value. Clear and illuminating, Audi's introduction outlines and interconnects the self-contained but cumulatively arranged essays. It also places them in relation to classical and contemporary literature, and directs readers to large segments of thematically connected material spread throughout the book. Audi ends with a powerfully synthetic final essay.
Book Synopsis The Emotional Construction of Morals by : Jesse Prinz
Download or read book The Emotional Construction of Morals written by Jesse Prinz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-11-22 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jesse Prinz presents a bravura argument for highly controversial claims about morality, which go to the heart of our understanding of ourselves. He argues that moral values are based on emotional responses, and that these are inculcated by culture, not hard-wired through natural selection. These two claims support a form of moral relativism.
