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Modernity And The Ideals Of Arab Islamic And Western Scientific Philosophy
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Book Synopsis Modernity and the Ideals of Arab-Islamic and Western-Scientific Philosophy by : A. Z. Obiedat
Download or read book Modernity and the Ideals of Arab-Islamic and Western-Scientific Philosophy written by A. Z. Obiedat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-08 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first study to compare the philosophical systems of secular scientific philosopher Mario Bunge (1919-2020), and Moroccan Islamic philosopher Taha Abd al-Rahman (b.1945). In their efforts to establish the philosophical underpinnings of an ideal modernity these two great thinkers speak to the same elements of the human condition, despite their opposing secular and religious worldviews. While the differences between Bunge’s critical-realist epistemology and materialist ontology on the one hand, and Taha’s spiritualist ontology and revelational-mystical epistemology on the other, are fundamental, there is remarkable common ground between their scientific and Islamic versions of humanism. Both call for an ethics of prosperity combined with social justice, and both criticize postmodernism and religious conservatism. The aspiration of this book is to serve as a model for future dialogue between holders of Western and Islamic worldviews, in mutual pursuit of modernity’s best-case scenario.
Book Synopsis Arab-Islamic Philosophy by : Muḥammad ʻĀbid Jābirī
Download or read book Arab-Islamic Philosophy written by Muḥammad ʻĀbid Jābirī and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distinguished Moroccan philosopher Mohammed Abed al-Jabri, in this summary of his own work, examines the status of Arab thought in the late twentieth century. Al-Jabri rejects what he calls the current polarization of Arab thought between an imported modernism that disregards Arab tradition and a fundamentalism that would reconstruct the present in the image of an idealized past. Both past and present intellectual currents are examined. Al-Jabri first questions the current philosophical positions of the liberals, the Marxists, and the fundamentalists. Then he turns to history, exploring Arab philosophy in the tenth and twelfth centuries, a time of political and ideological struggle. In the writings of Ibn Hazm and Averroës, he identifies the beginnings of Arab rationalism, a rationalism he traces through the innovative fourteenthcentury work of Ibn Khaldun. Al-Jabri offers both Western readers and his own compatriots a radical new approach to Arab thought, one that finds in the past the roots of an open, critical rationalism which he sees as emerging in the Arab world today.
Book Synopsis Islam, Modernity and a New Millennium by : Ali Paya
Download or read book Islam, Modernity and a New Millennium written by Ali Paya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the world becomes increasingly globalised Islam faces some important choices. Does it seek to "modernise" in line with the cultures in which it is practised, or does it retain its traditions even if they are at odds with the surrounding society? This book utilizes a critical rationalist viewpoint to illuminate many of the hotly contended issues in modern Islam, and to offer a fresh analysis. A variety of issues within Islam are discussed in this book including, Muslims and modernity; Islam, Christianity and Judaism; approaches to the understanding of the Quran; Muslim identity and civil society; doctrinal certainty and violent radicalism. In each case, the author makes use of Karl Popper’s theory of critical rationalism to uncover new aspects of these issues and to challenge post-modern, relativist, literalist and justificationist readings of Islam. This is a unique perspective on contemporary Islam and as such will be of significant interest to scholars of Religious Studies, Islamic Studies and the Philosophy of Religion.
Book Synopsis Reforming Modernity by : Wael B. Hallaq
Download or read book Reforming Modernity written by Wael B. Hallaq and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforming Modernity is a sweeping intellectual history and philosophical reflection built around the work of the Morocco-based philosopher Abdurrahman Taha, one of the most significant philosophers in the Islamic world since the colonial era. Wael B. Hallaq contends that Taha is at the forefront of forging a new, non-Western-centric philosophical tradition. He explores how Taha’s philosophical project sheds light on recent intellectual currents in the Islamic world and puts forth a formidable critique of Western and Islamic modernities. Hallaq argues that Taha’s project departs from—but leaves behind—the epistemological grounds in which most modern Muslim intellectuals have anchored their programs. Taha systematically rejects the modes of thought that have dominated the Muslim intellectual scene since the beginning of the twentieth century—nationalism, Marxism, secularism, political Islamism, and liberalism. Instead, he provides alternative ways of thinking, forcefully and virtuosically developing an ethical system with a view toward reforming existing modernities. Hallaq analyzes the ethical thread that runs throughout Taha’s oeuvre, illuminating how Taha weaves it into a discursive engagement with the central questions that plague modernity in both the West and the Muslim world. The first introduction to Taha’s ethical philosophy for Western audiences, Reforming Modernity presents his complex thought in an accessible way while engaging with it critically. Hallaq’s conversation with Taha’s work both proffers a cogent critique of modernity and points toward answers for its endemic and seemingly insoluble problems.
Book Synopsis Modernity, Civilization and the Return to History by : Anthony F. Shaker
Download or read book Modernity, Civilization and the Return to History written by Anthony F. Shaker and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern concept and study of civilization have their roots, not in western Europe, but in the spirit of scientific investigation associated with a self-conscious Islamicate civilization. What we call modernity cannot be fathomed without this historical connection. We owe every major branch of science known today to the broad tradition of systematic inquiry that belongs to a “region of being”—as Heidegger would say—whose theoretical, practical and institutional dimensions the philosophy of that civilization played an unprecedented role in creating. This book focuses primarily on the philosophical underpinnings of questions relating to civilization, personhood and identity. Contemporary society and thinking in western Europe introduced new elements to these questions that have altered how collective and personal identities are conceived and experienced. In the age of “globalization,” expressions of identity (individual, social and cultural) survive precariously outside their former boundaries, just when humanity faces perhaps its greatest challenges—environmental degradation, policy inertia, interstate bellicosity, and a growing culture of tribalism. Yet, the world has been globalized for at least a millennium, a fact dimmed by the threadbare but still widespread belief that modernity is a product of something called the West. One is thus justified in asking, as many people do today, if humanity has not lost its initiative. This is more a philosophical than an empirical question. There can be no initiative without the human agency that flows from identity and personhood—i.e., the way we, the acting subject, live and deliberate about our affairs. Given the heavy scrutiny under which the modern concept of identity has come, Dr. Shaker has dug deeper, bringing to bear a wealth of original sources from both German thought and Ḥikmah (Islamicate philosophy), the latter based on material previously unavailable to scholars. Posing the age-old question of identity anew in the light of these two traditions, whose special historical roles are assured, may help clear the confusion surrounding modernity and, hopefully, our place in human civilization. Proximity to Scholasticism, and therefore Islamicate philosophy, lent German thought up to Heidegger a unique ability to dialogue with other thought traditions. Two fecund elements common to Heidegger, Qūnawī and Mullā Ṣadrā are of special importance: Logos (utterance, speech) as the structural embodiment at once of the primary meaning (essential reality) of a thing and of divine manifestation; and the idea of unity-in-difference, which Ṣadrā finally formulated as the substantial movement of existence. But behind this complexity is the abiding question of who Man is, which cannot be answered by theory alone. Heidegger, who occupies a good portion of this study, questioned the modern ontology at a time of social collapse and deep spiritual crisis not unlike ours. Yet, that period also saw the greatest breakthroughs in modern physics and social science. The concluding chapters take up, more specifically, identity renewal in Western literature and Muslim “reformism.” The renewal theme reflects a point of convergence between the Eurocentric worldview, in which modernism has its secular aesthetics roots, and a current originating in Ibn Taymiyyah’s reductionist epistemology and skeptical fundamentalism. It expresses a hopeless longing for origin in a historically pristine “golden age,” an obvious deformation of philosophy’s millennial concern with the commanding, creative oneness of the Being of beings.
Book Synopsis Dialogues for the Future by : Taha Abderrahmane
Download or read book Dialogues for the Future written by Taha Abderrahmane and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-09-20 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dialogues for the Future provides a sneak peek at the long philosophic journey of the renowned Arab scholar Taha Abderrahmane. The author looks at different thorny issues such as traditions, philosophy, ethics, globalization, and logic through a local prism that is not directedly tainted by the Western epistemic and ontological worldview. While seemingly addressing audiences with a background in the philosophy of language and Islamic philosophy, Taha’s intellectual project tackles many questions that wider readerships might have about the Muslims’ and Arabs’ contribution to knowledge in the past and present. The translator’s introduction “on Dialogue, Ethics and Traditions” contextualizes Taha’s book within the plethora of his academic work, allowing English-speaking readers to engage with the open canvas of dialogue Taha has resiliently initiated.
Book Synopsis Freedom, Modernity, and Islam by : Richard K. Khuri
Download or read book Freedom, Modernity, and Islam written by Richard K. Khuri and published by Syracuse University Press. This book was released on 1998-02-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom, Modernity, and Islam provides a discussion of the philosophical origins of the notions of freedom in both a Western and Islamic context. Richard K. Khuri maintains that our standard theories of modernization do not fully explain the global resurgence of fundamental religion. Only with a new analysis of freedom, using Western and non-Western sources, can we have a spontaneous synthesis that will inspire genuine freedom for all individuals and societies in the Arab-Muslim world. In the West, in post-Enlightenment times, the definition of freedom has shrunk; it is now irreducibly enmeshed with narrow notions of rationality and a "morality" of self-interest. He challenges this conception and explicates other dimensions of freedom: quality, transcendence, and the conditions under which community might enhance freedom. Khuri then applies that analysis to his examination of the status of freedom in the Arab Muslim world, past and the present. He determines which ideas have led to the considerable lack of freedom that marks many Middle Eastern societies today.
Book Synopsis Islam, Modernity, and the Human Sciences by : A. Zaidi
Download or read book Islam, Modernity, and the Human Sciences written by A. Zaidi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-05-09 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ali Zaidi discloses a largely unnoticed dialogue between Muslim and Western social thought on the search for meaning and transcendence in the human sciences. This disclosure is accomplished by a comparative reading of Muslim debates on secular knowledge on the one hand and of Western debates on the putative death of metaphysics in the human sciences on the other hand. The analysis is grounded in dialogical hermeneutics; that is, a hermeneutic approach to texts and cultural traditions that draws upon the work of Hans-Georg Gadamer and upon the insights of inter-religious dialogue.
Book Synopsis The Role of the Arab-Islamic World in the Rise of the West by : Nayef R.F. Al-Rodhan
Download or read book The Role of the Arab-Islamic World in the Rise of the West written by Nayef R.F. Al-Rodhan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a fascinating look at the role of the Arab-Islamic world in the rise of the West. It examines the cultural transmission of ideas and institutions in a number of key areas, including science, philosophy, humanism, law, finance, commerce, as well as the Arab-Islamic world's overall impact on the Reformation and the Renaissance.
Book Synopsis Reform and Modernity in Islam by : Safdar Ahmed
Download or read book Reform and Modernity in Islam written by Safdar Ahmed and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate over Islam and modernity tends to be approached from a Eurocentric perspective that presents Western norms as a template for progress - against which Islamic societies can be measured. This misses the historical development of Muslim reformist thought that actively engages with the world around it and seeks to reconfigure Islam within the diverse conditions of modernity. Safdar Ahmed paints a complex and nuanced picture that goes beyond the idea that Muslim reformers have either reproduced or reacted against Western ideas. Rather, Ahmed argues, they have reconstructed and appropriated these ideas, and so the thread of Western influence runs through modern Islamic thought on nationalism and sovereignty, femininity and gender. Ahmed uncovers new historiographical perspectives by critically examining the work of prominent intellectuals, such as Muhammad Abduh, Qasim Amin and Abdul A'la Maududi.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Political Freedom in Islam by : Uriya Shavit
Download or read book Scientific and Political Freedom in Islam written by Uriya Shavit and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-24 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Notes -- 1. A Quest for Reason and Freedom -- A. Rationalizing God, His Prophet and His Revelation -- B. The Modernist-Apologetic Reconciling of Doubt and Revelation -- C. Liberals or Fundamentalists? The Terminological Maze -- Notes -- 2. Islam and Science -- A. The Theory of Evolution in Early Modernist-Apologetic Thought -- B. The Evolution of Darwin to a Christian Peculiarity in Contemporary Modernist-Apologetic Thought -- C. Modernist-Apologetic Scientific Freedom in Liberal Thought -- Notes -- 3. Islam and Democracy -- A. Shura, Democracy and the Early Modernist-Apologists -- B. Shura, Democracy and Contemporary Modernist-Apologists -- C. Criticizing the Modernist-Apologists: The Secularist Paradox -- Notes -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index
Book Synopsis Islam and the Trajectory of Globalization by : Louay M. Safi
Download or read book Islam and the Trajectory of Globalization written by Louay M. Safi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines the growing tension between social movements that embrace egalitarian and inclusivist views of national and global politics, most notably classical liberalism, and those that advance social hierarchy and national exclusivism, such as neoliberalism, neoconservatism, and national populism. In exploring issues relating to tensions and conflicts around globalization, the book identifies historical patterns of convergence and divergence rooted in the monotheistic traditions, beginning with the ancient Israelites that dominated the Near East during the Axial age, through Islamic civilization, and finally by considering the idealism-realism tensions in modern times. One thing remained constant throughout the various historical stages that preceded our current moment of global convergence: a recurring tension between transcendental idealism and various forms of realism. Transcendental idealism, which prioritize egalitarian and universal values, pushed periodically against the forces of realism that privilege established law and power structure. Equipped with the idealism-realism framework, the book examines the consequences of European realism that justified the imperialistic venture into Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America in the name of liberation and liberalization. The ill-conceived strategy has, ironically, engendered the very dysfunctional societies that produce the waves of immigrants in constant motion from the South to the North, simultaneously as it fostered the social hierarchy that transfer external tensions into identity politics within the countries of the North. The book focuses particularly on the role played historically by Islamic rationalism in translating the monotheistic egalitarian outlook into the institutions of religious pluralism, legislative and legal autonomy, and scientific enterprise at the foundation of modern society. It concludes by shedding light on the significance of the Muslim presence in Western cultures as humanity draws slowly but consistently towards what we may come to recognize as the Global Age. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781003203360, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Book Synopsis Studies in the Islam and Science Nexus by : Muzaffar Iqbal
Download or read book Studies in the Islam and Science Nexus written by Muzaffar Iqbal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together thematically arranged articles on the relationship between Islam and science and how it has been shaped over the last century. The articles represent a broad variety of approaches and perspectives as well as reflective and analytic views and include some of the most important voices in the Islam and science discourse. This collection, which includes a special section devoted to studies that explore various aspects of the relationship between the Qur'an and science, is a valuable resource for researchers interested in gaining a greater understanding of the broader relationship between religion and science.
Book Synopsis Islam's Predicament with Modernity by : Bassam Tibi
Download or read book Islam's Predicament with Modernity written by Bassam Tibi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-02-25 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Islam's Predicament with Modernity presents an in-depth cultural and political analysis of the issue of political Islam as a potential source of tensions and conflict, and how this might be peacefully resolved. Looking at the issue of modernity from an Islamic point of view, the author examines the role of culture and religion in Muslim society under conditions of globalisation, and analyses issues such as law, knowledge and human rights. He engages a number of significant studies on political Islam and draws on detailed case studies, rejecting the approaches of both Orientalists and apologists and calling instead for a genuine Islamic pluralism that accepts the equality of others. Situating modernity as a Western product at the crux of his argument, he argues that a separation of religion and politics is required, which presents a challenge to the Islamic worldview. This critical analysis of value conflicts, tensions and change in the Islamic world will be of interest to scholars and advanced students of international relations, social theory, political science, religion, Islamic studies and Middle Eastern studies.
Book Synopsis Islam & Modernity by : Fazlur Rahman
Download or read book Islam & Modernity written by Fazlur Rahman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-07-21 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As Professor Fazlur Rahman shows in the latest of a series of important contributions to Islamic intellectual history, the characteristic problems of the Muslim modernists—the adaptation to the needs of the contemporary situation of a holy book which draws its specific examples from the conditions of the seventh century and earlier—are by no means new. . . . In Professor Rahman's view the intellectual and therefore the social development of Islam has been impeded and distorted by two interrelated errors. The first was committed by those who, in reading the Koran, failed to recognize the differences between general principles and specific responses to 'concrete and particular historical situations.' . . . This very rigidity gave rise to the second major error, that of the secularists. By teaching and interpreting the Koran in such a way as to admit of no change or development, the dogmatists had created a situation in which Muslim societies, faced with the imperative need to educate their people for life in the modern world, were forced to make a painful and self-defeating choice—either to abandon Koranic Islam, or to turn their backs on the modern world."—Bernard Lewis, New York Review of Books "In this work, Professor Fazlur Rahman presents a positively ambitious blueprint for the transformation of the intellectual tradition of Islam: theology, ethics, philosophy and jurisprudence. Over the voices advocating a return to Islam or the reestablishment of the Sharia, the guide for action, he astutely and soberly asks: What and which Islam? More importantly, how does one get to 'normative' Islam? The author counsels, and passionately demonstrates, that for Islam to be actually what Muslims claim it to be—comprehensive in scope and efficacious for every age and place—Muslim scholars and educationists must reevaluate their methodology and hermeneutics. In spelling out the necessary and sound methodology, he is at once courageous, serious and profound."—Wadi Z. Haddad, American-Arab Affairs
Book Synopsis Islam and the West by : Michael J. Thompson
Download or read book Islam and the West written by Michael J. Thompson and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2003-08-18 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the terrorist attacks of September 11th the topic of Islam's political, cultural, religious, and spiritual tendencies and beliefs has been thrust into the spotlight. However, most discussions concerning Islam's relation to the West tend to simplify and distort the intricate nature of the problem. The essays in Islam and the West approach the interactions of Islam, the West, and modernity through overlapping social, historical, economic, cultural, and philosophical layers. Viewed through this complex prism of analysis, the full dimensions of the relationship become clear. The result is a deeper understanding of the nature of modernity and how other societies can relate to each other in an increasingly complex, globalizing world.
Book Synopsis Arab Philosophical Trends by : Abdulrahman Al-Salimi
Download or read book Arab Philosophical Trends written by Abdulrahman Al-Salimi and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2024-06-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illuminates the core beliefs of twentieth-century Arab philosophers in response to Western ideas of modernisation
