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Modeling Onsite Wastewater Systems At The Watershed Scale
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Book Synopsis Modeling Onsite Wastewater Systems at the Watershed Scale by : John McCray
Download or read book Modeling Onsite Wastewater Systems at the Watershed Scale written by John McCray and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-13 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this User’s Guide is to provide guidance on modeling watershed-scale problems associated with decentralized wastewater-treatment systems (DWTS), with a particular focus on onsite wastewater systems (OWS). The guide focuses on modeling transport and fate of the nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) because these are the most common OWS constituents of concern, and because these pollutants are regulated in surface waters (N and P) and in ground water (N). However, limited but useful information is also provided regarding the modeling of organic wastewater contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and other household products. It provides some general information on modeling bacterial pollutants. The guide can be used by decision makers to determine whether relatively simple screening models (presented in Appendix A) are sufficient for use in the decision-making process, or if sophisticated models (presented in Appendix B) are more appropriate. The document provides guidance about the type of model that should be used for particular scenarios, and the data requirements for model implementation. The guide is also useful to modeling experts by providing guidance on important issues such as conceptual-model development, mathematical-model selection, modelsensitivity analyses, model uniqueness, and calibration. Finally, the guide provides some real-world and hypothetical case studies that can demonstrate the usefulness of using watershed-scale models, and provide templates for certain common scenarios relevant to the decentralized wastewater treatment community.
Book Synopsis Modeling Watershed-scale Impacts of On-site Wastewater Systems on Nitrogen Loadings in the Black Hills by : Christian James Heinrich
Download or read book Modeling Watershed-scale Impacts of On-site Wastewater Systems on Nitrogen Loadings in the Black Hills written by Christian James Heinrich and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater management incorporates a variety of centralized and decentralized approaches for the protection of public health and the environment. Nearly 21% of the United States’ population is currently served by on-site wastewater disposal systems (OWDS), with a substantial portion of new development also being designed to be supported by these systems. They are especially effective in areas where it would not be cost-effective to install joint sewer systems, the population density is low, or where the topography would make the installation difficult. The City of Rapid City is strongly reliant on the water supplied by the Rapid Creek Watershed. The water demand for Rapid City is met via pumping wells drilled into the shallow Minnekahta aquifer, as well as the deep Minnelusa and Madison Limestone/Englewood Formations. Flow is also drawn directly as surface discharge from Rapid Creek in Cleghorn Canyon, which is then treated through the Jackson Springs Municipal Water Treatment Plant before distribution. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of (1) potential hydraulic failure due to aging septic systems in the Black Hills, and (2) increasing population in the region leading to an increasing number of septic systems on nitrate loading in Rapid Creek. The assessment was done using a calibrated Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Four USGS gage stations were selected for calibration; above Deerfield Reservoir, above Pactola Reservoir, above Canyon Lake, and at Farmingdale. An auto-calibration technique was implemented using SWAT-CUP. SWAT-CUP could be used to perform calibration, validation, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty analysis. Upon calibration of the SWAT model, it was determined that parameters such as curve number, the available water content in each soil layer, and soil depth were among the most sensitive parameters. Acceptable calibration was achieved throughout most of the watershed with the correlation coefficients, r-squared, and Nash-Sutcliffe, ranging from 0.28 to 0.85 and from -0.28 to 0.83, respectively. The scenario analysis highlighted the potential impact of connecting existing onsite septic systems to conventional sewer systems, aging systems, and population growth on nitrate concentrations. Rigorous analysis of potential impacts requires detailed data for model calibration and improvements in SWAT septic system algorithms.
Book Synopsis Coupling Site-scale Fate and Transport with Watershed-scale Modeling to Assess the Cumulative Effects of Nutrients from Decentralized Onsite Wastewater Systems by : Shiloh L. Kirkland
Download or read book Coupling Site-scale Fate and Transport with Watershed-scale Modeling to Assess the Cumulative Effects of Nutrients from Decentralized Onsite Wastewater Systems written by Shiloh L. Kirkland and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling Onsite Wastewater Systems at the Watershed Scale by : John McCray
Download or read book Modeling Onsite Wastewater Systems at the Watershed Scale written by John McCray and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-13 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this User’s Guide is to provide guidance on modeling watershed-scale problems associated with decentralized wastewater-treatment systems (DWTS), with a particular focus on onsite wastewater systems (OWS). The guide focuses on modeling transport and fate of the nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) because these are the most common OWS constituents of concern, and because these pollutants are regulated in surface waters (N and P) and in ground water (N). However, limited but useful information is also provided regarding the modeling of organic wastewater contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and other household products. It provides some general information on modeling bacterial pollutants. The guide can be used by decision makers to determine whether relatively simple screening models (presented in Appendix A) are sufficient for use in the decision-making process, or if sophisticated models (presented in Appendix B) are more appropriate. The document provides guidance about the type of model that should be used for particular scenarios, and the data requirements for model implementation. The guide is also useful to modeling experts by providing guidance on important issues such as conceptual-model development, mathematical-model selection, modelsensitivity analyses, model uniqueness, and calibration. Finally, the guide provides some real-world and hypothetical case studies that can demonstrate the usefulness of using watershed-scale models, and provide templates for certain common scenarios relevant to the decentralized wastewater treatment community.
Book Synopsis Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual by :
Download or read book Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This manual contains overview information on treatment technologies, installation practices, and past performance."--Introduction.
Book Synopsis Assessing the Impact of Septic Systems on Microbial Water Quality of Streams in Urbanizing Watersheds of Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia by : Robert A Sowah
Download or read book Assessing the Impact of Septic Systems on Microbial Water Quality of Streams in Urbanizing Watersheds of Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia written by Robert A Sowah and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Septic systems, also known as onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS), are used widely across the southeast of U.S. As widely as these systems are used in the southeast and other parts of the U.S., their impact on microbial water quality has not been elucidated to allow for their proper management at the watershed level. The overall goal of this study was to isolate septic system impact at the watershed level by using multiple approaches including targeted monitoring of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and microbial source tracking (MST) markers as well as watershed scale modeling. Twenty four urbanizing watersheds impacted by a gradient of septic system density and land use characteristics were monitored over a three year period for water quality parameters including the FIB E. coli and enterococci, human-specific Bacteroidales genetic markers and standard water quality parameters (pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, specific conductance). Septic system influence on fecal bacteria loads at the watershed level was also modeled with the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT). Correlation and multivariable regression analysis indicate that septic systems, specifically the density of septic systems and the proximity of septic systems to streams, were significant drivers of fecal pollution in urbanizing watersheds of metropolitan Atlanta. The influence of septic systems was seasonally dependent with the strongest impact observed in spring season. Analysis of the human-associated marker showed strong negative correlation (r = -0.64) to the proximity of septic systems to streams during the spring season. Additionally, the human marker was significantly higher in high density watersheds compared to low density areas overall. SWAT model results show septic system influence as a result of the proximity of septic systems to local streams, with the most significant influence observed when septic systems are less than 10 m from nearby streams. This study provides tools that can be used at the watershed level to understand the impact of septic systems on microbial water quality. The study findings can be used to support decisions regarding septic system management to protect water resources.
Book Synopsis Modeling Pollution Transport and Fate to Assess the Effects of Onsite Wastewater Systems on the Lake Dillon Watershed, Colorado by : Paula Jo Mudd Lemonds
Download or read book Modeling Pollution Transport and Fate to Assess the Effects of Onsite Wastewater Systems on the Lake Dillon Watershed, Colorado written by Paula Jo Mudd Lemonds and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook for Managing Onsite and Clustered (decentralized) Wastewater Treatment Systems by :
Download or read book Handbook for Managing Onsite and Clustered (decentralized) Wastewater Treatment Systems written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Contaminants in Current and Climate Changing Conditions by : Ivan Morales Parra
Download or read book Modeling Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Contaminants in Current and Climate Changing Conditions written by Ivan Morales Parra and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Watershed Scale Physically Based Water Flow, Sediment and Nutrient Dynamic Modeling System by : Billy E. Johnson
Download or read book Watershed Scale Physically Based Water Flow, Sediment and Nutrient Dynamic Modeling System written by Billy E. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling Phosphorus in the Environment by : David E. Radcliffe
Download or read book Modeling Phosphorus in the Environment written by David E. Radcliffe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-11-14 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite advances in modeling, such as graphical user interfaces, the use of GIS layers, and databases for developing input files, the approaches to modeling phosphorus (P) have not changed since their initial development in the 1980s. Current understanding of P processes has evolved and this new information needs to be incorporated into the current
Book Synopsis How to Design Wastewater Systems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries by : David M. Robbins
Download or read book How to Design Wastewater Systems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries written by David M. Robbins and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-15 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a practical handbook providing a step-by-step approach to the techniques used for characterizing wastewater sources and investigating sites where collection, treatment and reuse/disposal technologies will be installed. It is intended to help enable local implementation of on-site and decentralized wastewater management system (DWMS)for wide scale use in development settings. How to Design Wastewater Systems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries helps local service providers and regulatory officials make informed decisions through the use of tools, checklists and case studies. It includes a link to a web based community of on-site and decentralized wastewater professionals, which contains related tools and case studies. This handbook serves as a reference for training classes, certification programs, and higher education programs in civil and sanitary engineering. There is an increasing interest on the part of local government officials and private sector service providers to implement wastewater treatment systems to solve sanitation problems. The model presented in this handbook promotes activities that first generate data related to source and site conditions that represent critical inputs, and then applies this information to the technology selection process. Matching the most appropriate technologies to the specific needs of the wastewater project is the key that leads to long term sustainability. How to Design Wastewater Systems for Local Conditions in Developing Countries is an invaluable resource for public sector decision makers and private sector service providers in developing countries. It is also a useful text for students at engineering colleges in developing countries interested in taking a class that teaches the methods of decentralized wastewater management system (DWMS) development.
Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Urban Water Governance by : Thomas Bolognesi
Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Urban Water Governance written by Thomas Bolognesi and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of urban water governance. Of the many growing challenges presented by rapid urbanization, water governance is a critical one and while urban water governance is now regarded as a critical field of research, the literature is fragmented. For the first time, this handbook brings together urban water governance research, containing interdisciplinary contributions from established and emerging scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. It addresses the key questions of how urban water governance works, how is it shaped, and what the impacts are. The handbook's structure offers a progressive entry into the complexity of urban water governance. Starting with technical dimensions, the handbook addresses supply and demand, wastewater, and sanitation. It then considers regulation and economic factors, examining water utilities and services. Political processes, and the actors involved, are addressed and the handbook finishes with a part focusing on governance and sustainability, where chapters address critically important topics such as access to water, water safety, and water security. This handbook is essential reading for students, scholars, and professionals interested in urban water governance, urban studies, and water resource management and sustainability more broadly.
Book Synopsis Validation of an Onsite Wastewater Risk Assessment Model by : Chris Kinsley
Download or read book Validation of an Onsite Wastewater Risk Assessment Model written by Chris Kinsley and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Integrated Soil and Water Management: Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference by : Karim Abbaspour
Download or read book Integrated Soil and Water Management: Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference written by Karim Abbaspour and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Integrated Soil and Water Management: Selected Papers from 2016 International SWAT Conference" that was published in Water
Book Synopsis Principles of Water Resources by : Thomas V. Cech
Download or read book Principles of Water Resources written by Thomas V. Cech and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proper management of water resources can take many forms, and requires the knowledge and expertise to work at the intersection of mathematics, geology, biology, geography, meteorology, political science, and even psychology. This book provides an essential foundation in water management and development concepts and practices, dissecting complex topics into short, understandable explanations that spark true interest in the field. Approaching the study of water resources systematically, the discussion begins with historical perspective before moving on to physical processes, engineering, water chemistry, government regulation, environmental issues, global conflict, and more. Now in its fourth edition, this text provides the most current introduction to a field that is becoming ever more critical as climate change begins to threaten water supplies around the world. As geography, climate, population growth, and technology collide, effective resource management must include a comprehensive understanding of how these forces intermingle and come to life in the water so critical to us all.
Book Synopsis Wastewater Treatment Process Modeling, Second Edition (MOP31) by : Water Environment Federation
Download or read book Wastewater Treatment Process Modeling, Second Edition (MOP31) written by Water Environment Federation and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2013-09-12 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Guide to Process Modeling Methods and Protocols Fully revised to cover the latest advances in the field, Wastewater Treatment Process Modeling, Second Edition, explains general modeling concepts and terminology and offers practical details on how to use process models for the design and operation of small, medium, and large water resource recovery facilities. This Water Environment Federation manual describes each step of the modeling process, including the fundamental math required, overviews of existing models and when to use them, modeling protocols, and how to interpret data. The detailed information in this authoritative volume helps to ensure that process models are developed, used, and documented correctly. Coverage includes: History of process modeling Modeling fundamentals Unit process model descriptions Process modeling tools Dedicated experiments and tools Overview of available modeling and simulation protocols Project definition Building a facility model Using models for design, optimization, and control
