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Modality In English And Chinese
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Book Synopsis Modality in English and Chinese by : Renzhi Li
Download or read book Modality in English and Chinese written by Renzhi Li and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modality is a grammatical, or semantic-grammatical, category. It is an important component of human languages. This is at least the case in most European languages. To what extent is it a near-universal? This thesis is to contribute to the question. It focuses on modal verbs in English and Chinese, two genetically and geographically unrelated languages, and analyzes what these two languages have in common and how they differ in their systems of modality. To achieve the aim, the thesis adopts the theoretical framework proposed by van der Auwera (1996, 1998 with Plungian, 2001) for the typological study of modality. Its language-specific descriptions involve the morphosyntactic features, notional functions, modal logic, and diachronic development. With these descriptions, it constructs a cross-linguistic database in a uniform, parallel structure. Then on the basis of this database, it deals with the cross-linguistic issues about modality in English and Chinese. Like many of the studies in this area, this research makes use of the well-sampled data in the relevant literature, thereby assuring the same degree of representativeness. When the data do not meet this need, it resorts to computer-based corpora. In the diachronic study of Chinese modality, quantitative analysis is adopted in proposing a development path for the senses of a modal. English translation is given particular attention in the description of Chinese modality and cross-linguistic analyses. One can only know one's own language only if one compares it with other languages. The present study is conducive to a better understanding of English and Chinese. It contributes not only to the investigation of language universals, but also to the study of human cognition and other linguistic or applied linguistic issues.
Book Synopsis The Reconstruction of Modality in Chinese-English Government Press Conference Interpreting by : Xin Li
Download or read book The Reconstruction of Modality in Chinese-English Government Press Conference Interpreting written by Xin Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates a special genre of interpreting in the Chinese context, namely Government Press Conference (GPC) Interpreting. Drawing on the modality system from Systemic Functional Grammar and a corpus of 21 interpreting events, the project explores the regular patterns of modality shifts in Chinese-English GPC interpreting and seeks explanations in the sociocultural context. As a corpus-based project, the book covers qualitative analysis of the sociocultural context, qualitative analysis of the interpersonal effects of modality shifts, and quantitative analysis of modality shifts. This book will contribute to the understanding of the distinctive features of GPC interpreting in China, shed new light on the rendition of modality between Chinese and English in specific contexts, and also inspire new thoughts on the nature of interpreting in general.
Book Synopsis Modality and the English Modals by : F.R. Palmer
Download or read book Modality and the English Modals written by F.R. Palmer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed account of the many uses and functions of these verbs. The nature of modality, and some controversial issues, are also discussed.
Book Synopsis Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics by : Beke Hansen
Download or read book Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics written by Beke Hansen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Corpus Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, Beke Hansen provides an in-depth analysis of variation and change in the expression of modality in second-language varieties of English by adopting an integrated sociolinguistic and corpus-based approach.
Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Aspect and Modality in Chinese Historical Linguistics by : Barbara Meisterernst
Download or read book New Perspectives on Aspect and Modality in Chinese Historical Linguistics written by Barbara Meisterernst and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new perspectives on the study of Aspect and Modality in Chinese Historical Linguistics. Based on the international Workshop on Aspect and Modality in Chinese, the book includes the latest research findings in the field to make them available not only to specialists in Classical and Buddhist Chinese, but also to researchers and students of general linguistics and of the universals of language. It also discusses different aspects of the AM (Aspect-Modality) and the TAM (Tense-Aspect-Modality) system of Chinese. It provides a comprehensive overview of both of the universally related systems of aspect and modality. The first part of the book focuses on aspectual features of Chinese; these include basic studies on the syntactic representation of the aspectual structure of the verb phrase in Archaic Chinese, the aspectual function of different object constructions and their development, temporal features of the verb phrase, and the aspectual functions of no minalization processes. The second part includes articles highlighting different aspects of the modal system or the interplay between tense, aspect and modality in Chinese, including a survey on the history of studies on modality in Chinese and the modal and temporal aspectual/markers indicating future meanings, a specialized study on modal deontic verbs in the Buddhist Vinaya texts, the modal function of rhetorical questions in Buddhist Chinese, and a study on the diachronic development of the aspectual and modal system in Chinese.
Book Synopsis A Systemic Functional Study of Modality in Modern Chinese by : Shu Yang
Download or read book A Systemic Functional Study of Modality in Modern Chinese written by Shu Yang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a systematic and relatively comprehensive account of the system of MODALITY in Modern Chinese and the functions that realizations of modality serve in the clause and clause complex. Grounded in SFL, the research begins by introducing the system of types of modality in Modern Chinese, investigating the subtypes of modality and their realizations. The study then explores the systems of Orientations that characterize the realization of modalization and modulation in Chinese. After establishing the complete system of modality in Modern Chinese, the research finally examines the functions that realizations of modality serve in the textual structure of the clause and in the clause complex. The study finds that the system of MODALITY is an important interpersonal clause system at the lexicogrammatical stratum of Chinese. There are two distinct types of modality in Chinese: modalization and modulation. Modalization concerns the assessment of probability of the proposition; modulation is concerned with the assessment of the proposal in terms of obligation, inclination, and ability. The systems of ORIENTATIONS make a basic distinction between subjective and objective modality, and between the explicit and implicit realizations. The research also reveals that in the thematic structure of the clause, realizations of modality can serve as the interpersonal Theme in the clause, in the information structure of the clause, realizations of modality can function as the unmarked information focus of the clause or introduce the marked information focus, and in the clause complex, realizations of modality can encode modal meanings and simultaneously construct clauses into a clause complex.
Book Synopsis Modality and the English Modals by : Frank Robert Palmer
Download or read book Modality and the English Modals written by Frank Robert Palmer and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1979 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Explorations into Chinese as a Second Language by : Istvan Kecskes
Download or read book Explorations into Chinese as a Second Language written by Istvan Kecskes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores how linguistic research can support the teaching and learning of Chinese as a second language. It responds to a rapidly growing interest in the Chinese language all over the world, and answers the need for a strong research background for the discipline. Without that, Chinese language learning remains only a unique experience and/or a useful education challenge. The first section explores crucial issues about the structure and use of Chinese as a Second Language such as word-order, noun-noun compounds, meaning-making in writing, pronunciation and stress and tone. The second section explores the learning of Chinese by seeking answer to questions about difficulties, expectations, beliefs, use of corpus and learning how to express necessity. The authors coming from eight different countries demonstrate how existing knowledge has been generated, bring together different lines of research, point out tendencies in the field, demonstrate and explain what tools and methods researchers can use to address major issues in the field, and give direction to what future research should focus on.
Book Synopsis Modality in Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics by : Werner Abraham
Download or read book Modality in Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics written by Werner Abraham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do we mean when we say things like 'If only we knew what he was up to!' Clearly this is more than just a message, or a question to our addressee. We are expressing simultaneously that we don't know, and also that we wish to know. Several modes of encoding contribute to such modalities of expression: word order, subordinating subjunctions, sentences that are subordinated but nevertheless occur autonomously, and attitudinal discourse adverbs which, far beyond lexical adverbials of modality, allow the speaker and the listener to presuppose full agreement, partial agreement under presupposed conditions, or negotiation of common ground. This state of the art survey proposes a new model of modality, drawing on data from a variety of Germanic and Slavic languages to find out what is cross-linguistically universal about modality, and to argue that it is a constitutive part of human cognition.
Book Synopsis Intensification and Modal Necessity in Mandarin Chinese by : Jiun-Shiung Wu
Download or read book Intensification and Modal Necessity in Mandarin Chinese written by Jiun-Shiung Wu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses intensification and modal necessity in Mandarin Chinese. Intensification is used in this book to describe the speaker’s emphasis on a proposition, because, by emphasizing on a proposition, the speaker intensifies the degree of his/her confidence and affirmativeness toward the truth of a proposition, cf. the distinction between ‘weaker’ and ‘stronger’. Modal necessity discussed in this book refers either to the speaker’s certainty regarding the truth of an inference, judgment or stipulation, that is, epistemic necessity or to the speaker’s certainty concerning the obligatoriness of a proposition, based on rules or regulations, i.e., deontic necessity. This book examines a series of lexical items in Mandarin Chinese that express either intensification or modal necessity, provides a unified semantics and also presents how these lexical items are semantically distinct. Intensification and Modal Necessity in Mandarin Chinese is aimed at instructors, researchers and post-graduate students of Chinese Linguistics.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Modality and Mood by : Jan Nuyts
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Modality and Mood written by Jan Nuyts and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers an in depth and comprehensive state of the art survey of the linguistic domains of modality and mood. An international team of experts in the field examine the full range of methodological and theoretical approaches to the many facets of the phenomena involved. Following an opening section that provides an introduction and historical background to the topic, the volume is divided into five parts. Parts 1 and 2 present the basic linguistic facts about the systems of modality and mood in the languages of the world, covering the semantics and the expression of different subtypes of modality and mood respectively. The authors also examine the interaction of modality and mood, mutually and with other semantic categories such as aspect, time, negation, and evidentiality. In Part 3, authors discuss the features of the modality and mood systems in five typologically different language groups, while chapters in Part 4 deal with wider perspectives on modality and mood: diachrony, areality, first language acquisition, and sign language. Finally, Part 5 looks at how modality and mood are handled in different theoretical approaches: formal syntax, functional linguistics, cognitive linguistics and construction grammar, and formal semantics.
Book Synopsis Modality in English by : Raphael Salkie
Download or read book Modality in English written by Raphael Salkie and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Main description: This volume presents strongly empirical, corpus-based studies of a range of English modal auxiliaries and modal constructions in specific uses. It also approaches some of the classic issues in the field of modality from new perspectives, notably that of the 'Theory of Enunciative Operations' developed by the French linguist Antoine Culioli and his colleagues.
Download or read book Sign Language written by Jim G. Kyle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-02-26 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of the importance of sign language in the deaf community is very recent indeed. This book provides a study of the communication and culture of deaf people, and particularly of the deaf community in Britain. The authors' principal aim is to inform educators, psychologists, linguists and professionals working with deaf people about the rich language the deaf have developed for themselves - a language of movement and space, of the hands and of the eyes, of abstract communication as well as iconic story telling. The first chapters of the book discuss the history of sign language use, its social aspects and the issues surrounding the language acquisition of deaf children (BSL) follows, and the authors also consider how the signs come into existence, change over time and alter their meanings, and how BSL compares and contrasts with spoken languages and other signed languages. Subsequent chapters examine sign language learning from a psychological perspective and other cognitive issues. The book concludes with a consideration of the applications of sign language research, particularly in the contentious field of education. There is still much to be discovered about sign language and the deaf community, but the authors have succeeded in providing an extensive framework on which other researchers can build, from which professionals can develop a coherent practice for their work with deaf people, and from which hearing parents of deaf children can draw the confidence to understand their children's world.
Book Synopsis Modality and Structure in Signed and Spoken Languages by : Texas Linguistics Society. Conference
Download or read book Modality and Structure in Signed and Spoken Languages written by Texas Linguistics Society. Conference and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-10-24 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Book Synopsis Current Issues in Chinese Linguistics by : Hooi Ling Soh
Download or read book Current Issues in Chinese Linguistics written by Hooi Ling Soh and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07-12 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chinese is the most commonly spoken language in the world and one of the very few contemporary languages whose history is documented in an unbroken tradition extending back to the second millennium. Compared with Western languages, Chinese has a typology with distinguished features in sound system, syntax, and discourse that have a strong impact on Chinese linguistics studies and language learning. Drawing on theoretical models from formal and functional linguistics, discourse analysis, computer-assisted corpus studies, language socialization, and second language acquisition, this volume presents new advances and addresses a broad range of current issues in the study of Chinese linguistics with research studies that originated from the proceedings of the 21st North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics (NACCL-21). As globalization presses on, more and more people are interested in Chinese – its history, structure, research, and new developments. This volume aims to be instrumental. Written in a coherent and structured style, each section is concentrated on a particular linguistic area, and each chapter is self-contained with a clear focus and theoretical framework. It will be valuable to linguists, educators, administrators, specialists, teachers and students of Chinese as a native, second, heritage, or foreign language.
Book Synopsis Grammatical Metaphor in Chinese by : Yang Yanning
Download or read book Grammatical Metaphor in Chinese written by Yang Yanning and published by Equinox Publishing (UK). This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive study of Grammatical Metaphor in the Chinese language. As the most important theoretical innovation of Systemic Functional Linguistics in the past three decades, Grammatical Metaphor has been extensively studied in relation to the English language. There has been very little research describing and analysing in depth the phenomenon of Grammatical Metaphor and other languages. The book discusses the identification, categorization and deployment of Grammatical Metaphor in Chinese and compares these aspects of Grammatical Metaphor in Chinese with those in English. In addition, Grammatical Metaphor in Chinese looks not just at ideational but also at interpersonal Grammatical Metaphor with corpora consisting of both written texts and spoken discourses. This will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon and set up a framework for further analysis of the interaction between two types of Grammatical Metaphor.
Book Synopsis Cross-linguistic Semantics of Tense, Aspect, and Modality by : Lotte Hogeweg
Download or read book Cross-linguistic Semantics of Tense, Aspect, and Modality written by Lotte Hogeweg and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, we have witnessed, on the one hand, an increased interest in cross-linguistic data in formal semantic studies, and, on the other hand, an increased concern for semantic issues in language typology. However, only few studies combine semantic and typological research for a particular semantic domain (such as the papers in Bach et al. (1995) on quantification and Smith (1997) on aspect). This book brings together formal semanticists with a cross-linguistic perspective and/or those working on lesser-known languages, and typologists interested in semantic theory, to discuss semantic variation in the specific domain of Tense, Aspect, and Mood/Modality.
