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Author : Monica Galizzi
Publisher : FrancoAngeli
ISBN 13 : 9788846469427
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (694 download)
Download or read book Mobility, Relative Wages and Wage Growth written by Monica Galizzi and published by FrancoAngeli. This book was released on 2005 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mr.Stephan Danninger
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498335233
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book What's Up with U.S. Wage Growth and Job Mobility? written by Mr.Stephan Danninger and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the global financial crisis, US wage growth has been sluggish. Drawing on individual earnings data from the 2000–15 Current Population Survey, I find that the drawn-out cyclical labor market repair—likely owing to low entry wages of new workers—slowed down real wage growth. There are, however, also signs of structural changes in the labor market affecting wages: for full-time, full-employed workers, the Wage-Phillips curve—the empirical relationship between wage growth and the unemployment rate—has become horizontal after 2008. Similarly, job-turnover rates have continued to decline. Job-to-job transitions—associated with higher wage growth—have slowed across all skill and age groups and beyond what local labor market conditions would imply. This raises concerns about the allocative ability of the labor market to adjust to changing economic conditions.
Download or read book Inequality and Mobility written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Edward P. Lazear
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226470512
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)
Download or read book The Structure of Wages written by Edward P. Lazear and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distribution of income, the rate of pay raises, and the mobility of employees is crucial to understanding labor economics. Although research abounds on the distribution of wages across individuals in the economy, wage differentials within firms remain a mystery to economists. The first effort to examine linked employer-employee data across countries, The Structure of Wages:An International Comparison analyzes labor trends and their institutional background in the United States and eight European countries. A distinguished team of contributors reveal how a rising wage variance rewards star employees at a higher rate than ever before, how talent becomes concentrated in a few firms over time, and how outside market conditions affect wages in the twenty-first century. From a comparative perspective that examines wage and income differences within and between countries such as Denmark, Italy, and the Netherlands, this volume will be required reading for economists and those working in industrial organization.
Author : Florian Lehmer
Publisher : wbv Media GmbH & Company KG
ISBN 13 : 3763940170
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (639 download)
Download or read book Interregional Wage Differentials and the Effects of Regional Mobility on Earnings of Workers in G. written by Florian Lehmer and published by wbv Media GmbH & Company KG. This book was released on 2010-05-18 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diese Dissertation untersucht, welchen Effekt die Bereitschaft von Arbeitnehmern zu räumlicher Mobilität auf die Höhe der Entlohnung hat. Nach einer Einführung über die vorhandene Literatur und den theoretischen Hintergrund der internationalen Mobilitätsforschung vergleicht der Autor die Einkommenshöhe von mobilen und ortsfesten Arbeitnehmern in Deutschland sowie die Entwicklung des Einkommens von Menschen, die innerhalb einer Region den Arbeitsplatz wechseln. Weitere Untersuchungen widmen sich den Fragen, welchen Einfluss das Geschlecht, die Firmengröße oder die Bevölkerungsdichte der Region auf die Einkommenshöhe haben. Die Arbeit ist die erste umfassende Studie zu den Lohneffekten räumlicher Mobilität in Deutschland. Publikationssprache: Englisch
Author : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Wages and Labour Mobility written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Taye Mengistae
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book The Relative Effects of Skill Formation and Job Matching on Wage Growth in Ethiopia written by Taye Mengistae and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: April 1999 - Estimated age and job seniority profiles of wages and marginal productivity in Ethiopia suggest that both skill formation and job matching significantly affect growth of wages and productivity over time. However, job matching is by far the more important of the two sources of growth in wages and productivity. Mengistae analyzes production and labor market data for a random selection of small to medium-size firms in Ethiopia to answer two questions: Does a worker's marginal productivity increase with time in the labor market or with job seniority, as must be the case if on-the-job skill formation or job matching has anything to do with the dynamics of wages observed in the data? Assuming that marginal productivity grows with experience or seniority, is skill formation more or less important than job matching as a source of growth in productivity? The main feature of Mengistae's analysis is the joint regression of the log of the average product of hours in a firm and the log of average hourly earnings of a firm's employees on the shares of experience-seniority cells of workers in total annual hours in the firm. Marginal productivity falls as experience in the labor market passes the 15-year mark, but the expected marginal product of a mobile worker with 16 or more years of experience is still nearly 80 percent higher than that of the base group. The between-jobs growth of hourly wages with potential experience is also large, but not as large as growth in marginal productivity for workers with less than 15 years of experience. Mengistae concludes that job matching is far more important than skill formation as a source of growth in productivity. Net mobility gains account for at least twice the share of the return to skill formation in the observed between-jobs growth of wages with market experience. The rate of return to skills formation is higher in the United States than in Ethiopia. The relative return to skills formation is probably lower in Ethiopia partly because the flow of information about the labor market is more restricted there. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to identify firm-level sources of growth in productivity. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Author : Annette Bernhardt
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610440498
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Divergent Paths written by Annette Bernhardt and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2001-06-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The promise of upward mobility—the notion that everyone has the chance to get ahead—is one of this country's most cherished ideals, a hallmark of the American Dream. But in today's volatile labor market, the tradition of upward mobility for all may be a thing of the past. In a competitive world of deregulated markets and demanding shareholders, many firms that once offered the opportunity for advancement to workers have remade themselves as leaner enterprises with more flexible work forces. Divergent Paths examines the prospects for upward mobility of workers in this changed economic landscape. Based on an innovative comparison of the fortunes of two generations of young, white men over the course of their careers, Divergent Paths documents the divide between the upwardly mobile and the growing numbers of workers caught in the low-wage trap. The first generation entered the labor market in the late 1960s, a time of prosperity and stability in the U.S. labor market, while the second generation started work in the early 1980s, just as the new labor market was being born amid recession, deregulation, and the weakening of organized labor. Tracking both sets of workers over time, the authors show that the new labor market is more volatile and less forgiving than the labor market of the 1960s and 1970s. Jobs are less stable, and the penalties for failing to find a steady employer are more severe for most workers. At the top of the job pyramid, the new nomads—highly credentialed, well-connected workers—regard each short-term project as a springboard to a better-paying position, while at the bottom, a growing number of retail workers, data entry clerks, and telemarketers, are consigned to a succession of low-paying, dead-end jobs. While many commentators dismiss public anxieties about job insecurity as overblown, Divergent Paths carefully documents hidden trends in today's job market which confirm many of the public's fears. Despite the celebrated job market of recent years, the authors show that the old labor market of the 1960s and 1970s propelled more workers up the earnings ladder than does today's labor market. Divergent Paths concludes with a discussion of policy strategies, such as regional partnerships linking corporate, union, government, and community resources, which may help repair the career paths that once made upward mobility a realistic ambition for all American workers.
Author : Miri Endeweld
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book On Job Mobility and Earnings Growth written by Miri Endeweld and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the relationship between job mobility (mobility between employers), and wage growth. This relationship is examined in the short term (year-to-year) as well as in the medium-long term (after five years). Findings are presented for three sub-periods of equal length within the overall period, referring to a decade and a half between 1990 and 2005, with the aim of learning about the persistence and stability of this relationship throughout demographically, economically and socially distinct periods. The data used in this study come from the administrative data of the Tax Authorities, combined with additional demographic and economic data from other sources. According to the data, job stability noticeably diminished between the first and second half of the 1990s, and remained at a similar level afterwards.In the short term, the results show that job mobility -- even when voluntary -- has a negative effect on wage growth in each of the three studied periods, regardless of market and social conditions in these periods. Nevertheless, from a cumulative perspective over a period of five years, involuntary job mobility appears to have a negative effect on wage levels in the long term as well, while the findings regarding voluntary mobility are inconclusive but may be positive. The long-term moderate increase in wages related to job mobility may be explained by the hypothesis that in the current labor market, employees regard transitions between employers as a form of investment that carries certain risks but may be fruitful in the long term, despite its short-term costs -- similar to what the human capital theory suggests regarding the acquisition of education or any other professional training. The findings also show that the effect of job mobility on wage growth in the long term is not resistant to periodical conditions and changes between the different periodsConsidering the transition costs of job mobility, which are not taken into account in this study, job stability seems to be related, for the most part, to better wage growth.
Author : Richard B. Freeman
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226261840
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)
Download or read book Differences and Changes in Wage Structures written by Richard B. Freeman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past two decades, wages of skilled workers in the United States rose while those of unskilled workers fell; less-educated young men in particular have suffered unprecedented losses in real earnings. These twelve original essays explore whether this trend is unique to the United States or is part of a general growth in inequality in advanced countries. Focusing on labor market institutions and the supply and demand forces that affect wages, the papers compare patterns of earnings inequality and pay differentials in the United States, Australia, Korea, Japan, Western Europe, and the changing economies of Eastern Europe. Cross-country studies examine issues such as managerial compensation, gender differences in earnings, and the relationship of pay to regional unemployment. From this rich store of data, the contributors attribute changes in relative wages and unemployment among countries both to differences in labor market institutions and training and education systems, and to long-term shifts in supply and demand for skilled workers. These shifts are driven in part by skill-biased technological change and the growing internationalization of advanced industrial economies.
Author : Youngjoon Bae
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)
Download or read book Job Mobility, Gender Composition, and Wage Growth written by Youngjoon Bae and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To explain the gender wage growth gap, sociologists tend to focus on gender segregation among/within jobs whereas economists put emphasis on individual job mobility. This study adopted a concept combining both segregation and mobility. The concept helps to take the gender segregation before and after job mobility into account to strictly measure the mechanisms of wage growth. For analysis, this study used 6-year personnel data of a firm, which allows researchers to track employees' job mobility, wages, and job information at the most accurate level. The concept of combining segregation and mobility was operated through the gender composition of jobs and employee job change, which generated ten patterns. Among them, the following six were focused: staying in male or female jobs, movement between male or female jobs, and movement toward male or female jobs. While controlling wages at prior jobs, the multilevel model analysis shows that the wage growth rates in the six mobility patterns were stratified as follows: mobility between male jobs, stay in male jobs, mobility toward male jobs, mobility toward female jobs, mobility between female jobs, and stay in female jobs. This hierarchy system in the organization reveals two features: first, men's job-related mobility or stay compensated more steeply than women's job-related mobility or stay. Second, within each gender category of jobs, the mobility provided higher wage growth than stay. In sum, the gender category of jobs proceeded job mobility in terms of wage growth. Interestingly, when paying attention to the higher wage growth of 'mobility toward female jobs' than 'mobility between female jobs', this implies that the former occurred in movement from lower-level male jobs to higher-level female jobs, particularly higher than female jobs involved in the latter mobility. In view of gender regarding job mobility patterns, women and men typically did not experience differentiated salary growth. The categories of job mobility used in this paper provide a new and integrated insight for scholars who study gender segregation and job mobility, especially in view of an organization.
Author : Florian Lehmer
Publisher : W. Bertelsmann Verlag
ISBN 13 : 9783763940165
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Interregional Wage Differentials and the Effects of Regional Mobility on Earnings of Workers in Germany written by Florian Lehmer and published by W. Bertelsmann Verlag. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christina Jonung
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134750862
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book Women's Work and Wages written by Christina Jonung and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when women in industrialized countries have a stronger and more permanent presence in the labour market than ever before, why does the gender pay gap differ so greatly between countries? The contributors to this book use empirical studies of gender differences in family responsibilities and time allocation to demonstrate how such differences affect women's wages and analyse pay structures and wage mobility throughout Europe.
Author : Amanda Jeanette Huffman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (867 download)
Download or read book Does Changing Jobs Pay Off? The Relationship Between Job Mobility and Wages written by Amanda Jeanette Huffman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent academic studies reveal a pronounced trend of increasing income inequality in the United States. For those policymakers concerned with increasing income inequality, wage inequality is a logical policy focus. Wage inequality analyses often focus on demographic characteristics or education; however, a more subtle consideration is job mobility, i.e., the movement of an individual from job to job throughout his career. To the extent that particular job mobility patterns are associated with higher wages, unequal opportunity for workers either to make job changes or to remain in their current jobs can contribute to wage inequality in general. In this study, I focus on the relationship between job mobility and wages in order to understand which job mobility levels are associated with the highest wages for workers at different stages of their careers. Existing academic literature suggests that job mobility is associated with positive wage returns for workers early in their careers, but that the effect diminishes as workers gain experience and positive wage returns to job tenure grow stronger. These findings indicate that the relationships between job mobility, tenure, and wages may depend upon experience. Specifically, I hypothesize that high voluntary job mobility is associated with positive wage returns for low experience workers, while high tenure is associated with positive wage gains for high experience workers. To explore these relationships, I run several regression models that control for person and year fixed effects and a variety of time-varying control variables. I find evidence of positive wage returns associated with high voluntary job mobility, which appear to diminish as workers gain experience. I also find that high tenure is positively associated with higher wages for both low and high experience workers, not just for those workers with high work experience. In terms of policy implications, these findings broadly indicate that some work patterns could result in higher average wages than others, and that a diverse portfolio of labor policies may, therefore, stand to benefit workers who are just beginning their careers, whereas policies that foster increased tenure may create the greatest opportunity for wage growth among workers later in their careers.
Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451854781
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book The Labor Market and Economic Adjustment written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-11-01 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the role of the labor market in the transmission process of adjustment policies in developing countries. It begins by reviewing the recent evidence regarding the functioning of these markets. It then studies the implications of wage inertia, nominal contracts, labor market segmentation, and impediments to labor mobility for stabilization policies. The effect of labor market reforms on economic flexibility and the channels through which labor market imperfections alter the effects of structural adjustment measures are discussed next. The last part of the paper identifies a variety of issues that may require further investigation, such as the link between changes in relative wages and the distributional effects of adjustment policies.
Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Efficiency Wages and Labor Mobility in an Open Economy written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1993-10 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper analyzes the role of labor market segmentation and relative wage rigidity in the transmission process of macroeconomic shocks in a two-sector optimizing model of a small open economy. The analysis is first conducted in the context of perfect intersectoral labor mobility. The discussion is then extended to consider the existence of short-run constraints on labor movements. The results highlight the role of efficiency considerations in the behavior of sectoral wages. A deflationary policy induces a reallocation of labor across sectors, but has no long-run effect on the unemployment rate.
Author : Kevin William Fawcett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)
Download or read book Wages, Worker Mobility, and the Macroeconomy written by Kevin William Fawcett and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis contains three essays on wages, worker mobility and the macroeconomy. Chapter 1 develops an equilibrium model of the labor market with on-the-job search, wage-tenure contracts, and heterogeneity in match productivity. The model predicts an inverse relationship between match productivity and post-unemployment wages where workers in high productivity matches earn a low wage initially, but experience significant wage growth over tenure. The model is considered in the context of labor market entry for young adults. Unemployment risk in the transition process reduces worker mobility and limits the ability of workers to recover from a low quality initial match. Quantitatively, workers that initially form low quality matches expect to produce 8.0% less and consume 5.2% less in their first three years in the labor market relative to workers that initially form high quality matches. Chapter 2 studies efficiency in the model developed in Chapter 1. The social planner's match formation strategy perfectly insures employed workers against unemployment risk and results in an 11.3% increase in permanent consumption relative to the competitive equilibrium. Two self-financed policies in the forms of an extension of unemployment insurance and a hiring subsidy are considered as alternative strategies to increase worker welfare. The optimal policies increase permanent consumption by 5.1% and 1.3% respectively relative to the competitive equilibrium, however both policies are associated with a decrease in average output per worker. Chapter 3, joint with Shouyong Shi, develops an equilibrium model of the labor market where workers have incomplete information about their ability. Search outcomes yield information for updating the belief about the ability, which affects optimal search decisions in the future. Firms respond to updated beliefs by altering vacancy creation and optimal wage contracts. To study equilibrium interactions between learning and search, this paper integrates learning into a search equilibrium with on-the-job search and wage-tenure contracts. The model is calibrated to quantify the extent to which learning and on-the-job search can explain empirical facts related to wage decreases in job-to-job transitions, duration dependence in unemployment, and frictional wage dispersion.
