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Microstructure And High Temperature Oxidation Behavior Of Cr W Alloys
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Book Synopsis Microstructure and High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Cr-W Alloys by :
Download or read book Microstructure and High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of Cr-W Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cr alloys containing 0-30%W by weight were investigated for use in elevated temperature applications. The alloys were melted in a water-cooled, copper-hearth arc furnace. Microstructure of the alloys was characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy. A pseudocyclic oxidation test was employed to study scale formation at 1000oC in dry air. The scale was predominantly chromia and spalled upon cooling. Alloying with aluminum up to 8 weight percent reduced the spalling drastically. Furthermore, aluminizing the surface of the Cr-W alloys completely stopped the spalling.
Book Synopsis High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion of Metals by : David John Young
Download or read book High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion of Metals written by David John Young and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-10-03 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is concerned with understanding the fundamental mechanisms of high temperature alloy oxidation. It uses this understanding to develop methods of predicting oxidation rates and the way they change with temperature, gas chemistry and alloy composition. The focus is on designing (or selecting) alloy compositions which provide optimal resistance to attack by corrosive gases. . Emphasises quantitative calculations for predicting reaction rates and the effects of temperature, oxidant activities and alloy compositions. . Uses phase diagrams and diffusion paths to analyse and interpret scale structures and internal precipitation distributions . Provides a detailed examination of corrosion in industrial gases (water vapour effects, carburisation and metal dusting, sulphidation) . Text is well supported by numerous micrographs, phase diagrams and tabulations of relevant thermodynamic and kinetic data . Combines physical chemistry and materials science methodologies.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Symposium on Properties of High Temperature Alloys, with Emphasis on Environmental Effects by : Z. A. Foroulis
Download or read book Proceedings of the Symposium on Properties of High Temperature Alloys, with Emphasis on Environmental Effects written by Z. A. Foroulis and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to the High Temperature Oxidation of Metals by : Neil Birks
Download or read book Introduction to the High Temperature Oxidation of Metals written by Neil Birks and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-16 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A straightforward treatment describing the oxidation processes of metals and alloys at elevated temperatures. This 2006 second edition retains the fundamental theory but incorporates advances made in understanding degradation phenomena. The first half provides an authoritative introduction to the basic principles, covering thermodynamics and mechanisms of high temperature corrosion of metals and alloys. The latter half extends the discussion to oxidation processes in complex systems, from reactions in mixed environments to protective techniques, including coatings and atmosphere control. The authors provide a logical and expert treatment of the subject, producing a revised edition that will be a comprehensive guide to material scientists and engineers requiring an understanding of this elementary process.
Book Synopsis Lifetime Modelling of High Temperature Corrosion Processes by : Michael Schütze
Download or read book Lifetime Modelling of High Temperature Corrosion Processes written by Michael Schütze and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers presented at a workshop held in Frankfurt am Main, Germany in February 2001. The sections include papers on: alumina formers; iron oxide and chromia formers; composites and coatings; thermal barrier systems; and general lifetime prediction approaches.
Download or read book Superalloys 2020 written by Sammy Tin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 1098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 14th International Symposium on Superalloys (Superalloys 2020) highlights technologies for lifecycle improvement of superalloys. In addition to the traditional focus areas of alloy development, processing, mechanical behavior, coatings, and environmental effects, this volume includes contributions from academia, supply chain, and product-user members of the superalloy community that highlight technologies that contribute to improving manufacturability, affordability, life prediction, and performance of superalloys.
Book Synopsis Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics by : William G. Fahrenholtz
Download or read book Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics written by William G. Fahrenholtz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-10 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive book to focus on ultra-high temperature ceramic materials in more than 20 years Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics are a family of compounds that display an unusual combination of properties, including extremely high melting temperatures (>3000°C), high hardness, and good chemical stability and strength at high temperatures. Typical UHTC materials are the carbides, nitrides, and borides of transition metals, but the Group IV compounds (Ti, Zr, Hf) plus TaC are generally considered to be the main focus of research due to the superior melting temperatures and stable high-melting temperature oxide that forms in situ. Rather than focusing on the latest scientific results, Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics: Materials for Extreme Environment Applications broadly and critically combines the historical aspects and the state-of-the-art on the processing, densification, properties, and performance of boride and carbide ceramics. In reviewing the historic studies and recent progress in the field, Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics: Materials for Extreme Environment Applications provides: Original reviews of research conducted in the 1960s and 70s Content on electronic structure, synthesis, powder processing, densification, property measurement, and characterization of boride and carbide ceramics. Emphasis on materials for hypersonic aerospace applications such as wing leading edges and propulsion components for vehicles traveling faster than Mach 5 Information on materials used in the extreme environments associated with high speed cutting tools and nuclear power generation Contributions are based on presentations by leading research groups at the conference "Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics: Materials for Extreme Environment Applications II" held May 13-19, 2012 in Hernstein, Austria. Bringing together disparate researchers from academia, government, and industry in a singular forum, the meeting cultivated didactic discussions and efforts between bench researchers, designers and engineers in assaying results in a broader context and moving the technology forward toward near- and long-term use. This book is useful for furnace manufacturers, aerospace manufacturers that may be pursuing hypersonic technology, researchers studying any aspect of boride and carbide ceramics, and practitioners of high-temperature structural ceramics.
Book Synopsis The Reactive Element Effect on High Temperature Oxidation by : Wayne E. King
Download or read book The Reactive Element Effect on High Temperature Oxidation written by Wayne E. King and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of invited contributions on the Reactive Element Effect on High Temperature Oxidation - After Fifty Years.
Book Synopsis Investigation of High-Temperature Oxidation Reactions by : Robert A. Rapp
Download or read book Investigation of High-Temperature Oxidation Reactions written by Robert A. Rapp and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research, high temperature oxidation reactions were studied, with detailed experimental investigation of two problems: (1) the compatibility of components in multi-phase, high temperature systems as exemplified by displacement reactions in the solid state, and (2) the high temperature oxidation of Ni-Cr-W and Co-Cr-W alloys. From a knowledge of the pertinent thermodynamic exemplified by displacement and (2) the high temperature oxidation of Ni-Cr-W reactions in the solid state, and Co-Cr-W alloys. From a knowledge of the pertinent thermodynamic and transport parameters of the reaction couples (Nickel/Cuprous Oxide, Cobalt/Cuprous Oxide, Iron/Cuprous Oxide, and Iron/Nickel Oxide), the selection of the product morphologies and the resulting kinetics of reaction were predicted and compared with experiment. A detailed theory was presented and tested to interpret the aggregate-lamellar product microstructure of the Iron/Cuprous Oxide couple. The effect of tungsten additions on the oxidation behavior of Nickel-20 Chromium alloys and of Cobalt-30 Chromium alloys was studied by thermogravimetric, electron microprobe, and metallographic methods. For each set of alloys a partitioning of W to the metallic phase was found, and the resulting phase changes were interpreted in terms of the ternary phase diagrams for the alloys.
Book Synopsis Developments in High Temperature Corrosion and Protection of Materials by : W Gao
Download or read book Developments in High Temperature Corrosion and Protection of Materials written by W Gao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-04-09 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High temperature corrosion is a phenomenon that occurs in components that operate at very high temperatures, such as gas turbines, jet engines and industrial plants. Engineers are constantly striving to understand and prevent this type of corrosion. This book examines the latest developments in the understanding of high temperature corrosion processes and protective oxide scales and coatings. Part one looks at high temperature corrosion. Chapters cover diffusion and solid state reactions, external and internal oxidation of alloys, metal dusting corrosion, tribological degradation, hot corrosion, and oxide scales on hot-rolled steel strips. Modern techniques for analysing high temperature oxidation and corrosion are also discussed. Part two discusses methods of protection using ceramics, composites, protective oxide scales and coatings. Chapters focus on layered ternary ceramics, alumina scales, Ti-Al intermetallic compounds, metal matrix composites, chemical vapour deposited silicon carbide, nanocrystalline coatings and thermal barrier coatings. Part three provides case studies illustrating some of the challenges of high temperature corrosion to industry and how they can be overcome. Case studies include the petrochemical industry, modern incinerators and oxidation processing of electronic materials. This book is a valuable reference tool for engineers who develop heat resistant materials, mechanical engineers who design and maintain high temperature equipment and plant, and research scientists and students who study high temperature corrosion and protection of materials. Describes the latest developments in understanding high temperature corrosion Presents the latest research by the leading innovators from around the globe Case studies are provided to illustrate key points
Book Synopsis Mechanical Properties of Zirconium by : F. D. Rosi
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Zirconium written by F. D. Rosi and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion by : A. S. Khanna
Download or read book Introduction to High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion written by A. S. Khanna and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text for graduate and post graduate students covers fundamentals of high temperature corrosion and related topics. Early chapters cover the thermodynamics and kinetics of oxidation and defect structure of oxides and diffusion in oxides, and later chapters cover thin and thick layer oxidation, o
Book Synopsis COSP for Windows: Strategies for Rapid Analyses of Cyclic Oxidation Behavior by : James L. Smialek
Download or read book COSP for Windows: Strategies for Rapid Analyses of Cyclic Oxidation Behavior written by James L. Smialek and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oxidation Kinetics and Microstructure of V-(4-5) Wt.%Cr-(4-5) Wt.%Ti Alloys Exposed to Air at 300-650{degrees}C. by :
Download or read book Oxidation Kinetics and Microstructure of V-(4-5) Wt.%Cr-(4-5) Wt.%Ti Alloys Exposed to Air at 300-650{degrees}C. written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic study was conducted to determine the effects of time and temperature of air exposure on the oxidation behavior and microstructure of V-4Cr-4Ti (44) and V-5Cr-5Ti (55) alloys. All samples were from 1-mm-thick cold-rolled sheets, and each was annealed in vacuum at 1050°C for 1 h prior to high-temperature exposure. Different samples from each alloy were heated in ambient air at 500°C for times ranging from 24 to ≈2000 h, and in a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) apparatus at 300 to 650°C. Models describing the oxidation kinetics, the oxide type and its thickness, alloy grain size, and the depth of oxygen diffusion in the substrate alloy were determined for the two alloys and compared. The results showed that the oxide layers that formed on the surfaces of both alloys in air in the temperature range of 300-650°C are protective, and that the 55 alloy is slightly more oxidation-resistant than the 44 alloy.
Book Synopsis High Temperature Oxidation and Sulfidation Processes by : J. D. Embury
Download or read book High Temperature Oxidation and Sulfidation Processes written by J. D. Embury and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1990 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Microstructure and Temperature on the Oxidation Behavior of Two-phase Cr-Cr2X (X by :
Download or read book The Effect of Microstructure and Temperature on the Oxidation Behavior of Two-phase Cr-Cr2X (X written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oxidation behavior of Cr(X) solid solution (Cr{sub ss}) and Cr2X Laves phases (X = Nb, Ta) was studied individually and in combination at 950--1,100 C in air. The Cr{sub ss} phase was significantly more oxidation resistant than the Cr2X Laves phase. At 950 C, two-phase alloys of Cr-Cr2Nb and Cr-Cr2Ta exhibited in-situ internal oxidation, in which remnants of the Cr2X Laves phase were incorporated into a growing chromia scale. At 1,100 C, the Cr-Cr2Nb alloys continued to exhibit in-situ internal oxidation, which resulted in extensive O/N penetration into the alloy ahead of the alloy-scale interface and catastrophic failure during cyclic oxidation. IN contrast, the Cr-Cr2Ta alloys exhibited a transition to selective Cr oxidation and the formation of a continuous chromia scale. The oxidation mechanism is interpreted in terms of multiphase oxidation theory.
Book Synopsis Oxidation of Tungsten by : Vincent David Barth
Download or read book Oxidation of Tungsten written by Vincent David Barth and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report presents a detailed review of available information on the oxidation of W and its alloys. W is relatively inert below 700 C. As the temperature is increased above this level, however, oxidation becomes progressively more rapid, reaching catastrophic rates at temperatures around 1200 C and above. Various theories for the mechanism and rates of W oxidation at different temperatures are reviewed, and the effect of pressure and water vapor on the stability of W oxides is discussed in detail. The elevatedtemperature reactions of W with other materials, such as refractory oxides, and with gases other than oxygen also are covered. Information on the protection of W by alloying and coating is included. (Author).
