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Methods Used To Assess The Occurrence And Availability Of Ground Water In Fractured Crystalline Bedrock
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Book Synopsis Methods Used to Assess the Occurrence and Availability of Ground Water in Fractured-crystalline Bedrock by :
Download or read book Methods Used to Assess the Occurrence and Availability of Ground Water in Fractured-crystalline Bedrock written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of an Approach to Evaluate Fractured Crystalline Bedrock Water Resource Supply and Sustainability by : Helen E. Spera
Download or read book Development of an Approach to Evaluate Fractured Crystalline Bedrock Water Resource Supply and Sustainability written by Helen E. Spera and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Water Summary 1986 written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Properties of a Fractured-rock Aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California by : C. A. Kaehler
Download or read book Hydraulic Properties of a Fractured-rock Aquifer, Lee Valley, San Diego County, California written by C. A. Kaehler and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Hydrogeology of Crystalline Basement Aquifers in Africa by : Ernest Peter Wright
Download or read book The Hydrogeology of Crystalline Basement Aquifers in Africa written by Ernest Peter Wright and published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists. This book was released on 1992 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estimating Groundwater Storage in Weathered Crystalline Rock Aquifers of Aroca Catchment, Northern Uganda using Geophysical Methods and Aquifer Tests by : Joseph Okullo
Download or read book Estimating Groundwater Storage in Weathered Crystalline Rock Aquifers of Aroca Catchment, Northern Uganda using Geophysical Methods and Aquifer Tests written by Joseph Okullo and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2024-07-09 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2016 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Meteorology, Aeronomy, Climatology, Makerere University (College of Natural Science), course: Masters of Science in Geology, language: English, abstract: Aroca catchment’s hydrogeological characteristics are majorly controlled by deeply weathered crystalline rocks of northern Uganda. Groundwater derived from within the medium grained weathered clasts to the base of the unconsolidated regolith in addition to fissures in the underlying saprocks is widely used to supply water to most upcoming towns. However, in addition to limited reliable data, little is known of the geometry and storage capacity of these aquifers. This study used magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) and complimentary electrical resistivity (VES), lithological logs and hydraulic tests to determine aquifer geometry and hydraulic properties of Aroca catchment. The main aquifer is largely a medium-grained sandy saprolite and exhibits leaky aquifer characteristics. It is supplemented by the saprolite-fissured boundary and the bulk of the fissured secondary aquifers. MRS and VES were useful in delineating the upper surface (up to a mean depth ~5 mbgl) of the aquifer geometry. The mean depth to the bottom of the saprolite and fractured layers was 33 and 70 mbgl respectively. The mean static water level across the catchment ranges from ~1.4 to 30 mbgl (with a median value of 13.7 mbgl). The mean T is 4.3 to 104 m2d-1, K is 7.0 md-1 and Sy is ~0.016 for this aquifer. MRS determined drainable groundwater storage of aquifers with a mean value of 380 mm, which is much lower than the value of 590 mm from similar geological formations of Benin. MRS water content and decay constant of the saturated aquifer had mean values of 6.4% and 156ms, respectively. Just like most geophysical methods, MRS suffers from resolution loss with depth and result into the fissured zone not being well resolved. MRS complemented by VES and aquifer tests has provided a new insight in aquifer geometry characterization and groundwater storage in the deeply weathered crystalline rock aquifers of Aroca catchment and the region. The geometry and hydraulic properties of these weathered crystalline rock aquifers can further be constrained for better spatial representation by conducting a number of well distributed long duration aquifer tests and MRS measurements across the catchment and region. Hence, more site investigations is recommended to improve on the knowledge of storage capacities of the catchment/region aquifers for better future groundwater abstraction strategies, resource planning and management.
Book Synopsis Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow by : National Research Council
Download or read book Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-08-27 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309373727 Total Pages :177 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.
Book Synopsis Utilization of the Square Array Earth Resistivity Method for Characterizing Anisotropy in Fractured Sedimentary Rock by : David Yoxtheimer
Download or read book Utilization of the Square Array Earth Resistivity Method for Characterizing Anisotropy in Fractured Sedimentary Rock written by David Yoxtheimer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured bedrock aquifers are key sources of potable groundwater globally. Therefore it is important to characterize the presence and orientations of subsurface fractures that impact groundwater flow in order to develop, manage and protect these critical water resources. A significant challenge in characterizing groundwater flow in a fractured bedrock aquifer is determining if anisotropic conditions exist. The square array method provides a means to estimate geo-electrical anisotropy, which can be useful when conducting hydrogeologic investigations including mapping fracture orientations, siting water supply wells, conducting source water protection programs, or mapping contaminant plumes. However, this method has not been previously tested to characterize the hydrogeology of folded and fractured carbonate bedrock overlain by conductive layers of soil and epikarst, nor for characterizing shale formations. In this study, the square array method is used to measure the change in electrical resistivity of the subsurface with respect to azimuth at six locations in the Cambrio-Ordovician carbonate bedrock aquifer of Spring Creek watershed and the shale formation underlying the Susquehanna Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory (SSHCZO), both located within the Appalachian Valley and Ridge Province of central Pennsylvania. The carbonate bedrock aquifer is mantled with residual soils consisting primarily of silt and clay loams of variable thickness (0 to greater than 10 meters) below which occurs an epikarst system that plays a significant role in shallow groundwater flow. The square array is used to characterize the carbonate aquifers bedrock strike- and fracture-related anisotropy and provide estimates of secondary porosity. The results show that the square array apparent resistivity data correlates well with known bedrock structure, in particular the resistivity minima for the deeper measurements (40- and 50-meter a-spacings) are coincident with the northeast-southwest orientation of bedrock strike and/or mapped fractures, where present. In addition, estimates of secondary porosity from the square arrays 40- and 50-meter a-spacings (range of 0.7-4.4% with a mean of 3.1%) generally compare favorably to independent estimates of bedrock structure and secondary porosity from outcrop measurements and groundwater level/streamflow recession data (1-5%). The results of this study demonstrate that the square array method can be used effectively in complex, fractured carbonate bedrock settings to characterize bedrock anisotropy and secondary porosity, which were field-validated based on bedrock outcrop structure and fracture geometry measurements. Previous square array studies have detected anisotropy and estimated secondary porosity in both carbonate and crystalline bedrock, however this research further validates the method by comparing field measurements to the square array data, and thus advances the methods application. Geo-electrical anisotropy associated with inclined bedding planes and fractures in bedrock is often not factored into apparent resistivity results, much less data inversion, which can lead to misleading model results. In particular, the paradox of anisotropy occurs where collinear resistivity data are collected in areas with inclined bedding planes or fractures and longitudinal apparent resistivity is greater than transverse apparent resistivity, which is the converse of when true resistivity values are considered. The SSHCZO study expands critical zone research by evaluating the effects of anisotropy on earth resistivity measurements in a fractured shale bedrock setting using both square and Wenner arrays. The square array can be used to determine the magnitude and orientation of anisotropy, as it is not subject to the paradox of anisotropy, whereas collinear arrays are, including the Wenner array. In fractured shale bedrock the anisotropy effects can be significant, including the paradox of anisotropy, which can lead to significantly inaccurate models if not factored into the input data. In this study the square array was used to evaluate site anisotropy at variable depths, including through the soils and bedrock profile, including fractured, weathered and unweathered bedrock intervals. The square arrays anisotropy coefficient was then factored into apparent resistivity data from strike parallel and perpendicular 2-D Wenner arrays to correct for the paradox of anisotropy. The corrected 2-D resistivity data were then inverted to obtain model results where longitudinal resistivity values were lower than transverse resistivity values, as would be expected. In addition, a series of ten parallel 2-D Wenner arrays were run and used to create pseudo 3-D models of the sites resistivity distribution using anisotropy corrections from the square array data for comparison to 3-D models without this correction. This sequence of steps resulted in a 3-D resistivity model that provided useful insights into shallow groundwater interflow at the SSHCZO site. Ultimately this study provides a method that can be applied to geophysically characterize the groundwater flow mechanisms in the critical zone and allow investigators to design subsurface monitoring programs to further advance hydrologic and hydrogeologic research. The combined results of these studies show the square array can be utilized in fractured carbonate and shale bedrock settings to ascertain geo-electrical anisotropy, which correlates well to bedrock and fracture strike. For the fractured carbonate aquifer the square array was validated to provide reasonable estimates of secondary porosity based on both outcrop fracture measurements and groundwater level recession analysis. In the shale bedrock setting, the square array provided a useful correction factor for the coefficient of anisotropy in 2-D collinear resistivity arrays, which then yielded useful insights into shallow groundwater flow conditions via 3-D modeling developed from the corrected 2-D resistivity arrays.
Book Synopsis Fractured Rock Hydrogeology by : John M. Sharp
Download or read book Fractured Rock Hydrogeology written by John M. Sharp and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding of groundwater flow and solute transport in fractured rocks is vital for analysis of water resources, water quality and environmental protection, geotechnical and engineering projects, and geothermal energy production. This book includes theoretical and practical analyses using numerical modelling, geochemistry, isotopes, aquifer tests, laboratory tests, field mapping, geophysics, geological analyses, and some unique combinations of these types of investigation. Current water resource and geotechnical problems and the techniques now used are also discussed. Aimed at practicing hydrogeologists, engineers, ecologists, resource managers, students and earth scientists.
Book Synopsis Ground Water in Hard Rocks by : Ingemar Larsson
Download or read book Ground Water in Hard Rocks written by Ingemar Larsson and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current manuals and technical books on ground water hydrology contain relatively little specific information on ground water in hard rocks areas, that is mainly igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian shield areas. This work is intented to fill this gap and to inform of the possibilities of finding and developing water resources in hard rocks areas
Book Synopsis Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications by : Richard J. Blakely
Download or read book Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications written by Richard J. Blakely and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-09-13 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text bridges the gap between the classic texts on potential theory and modern books on applied geophysics. It opens with an introduction to potential theory, emphasising those aspects particularly important to earth scientists, such as Laplace's equation, Newtonian potential, magnetic and electrostatic fields, and conduction of heat. The theory is then applied to the interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomalies, drawing on examples from modern geophysical literature. Topics explored include regional and global fields, forward modeling, inverse methods, depth-to-source estimation, ideal bodies, analytical continuation, and spectral analysis. The book includes numerous exercises and a variety of computer subroutines written in FORTRAN. Graduate students and researchers in geophysics will find this book essential.
Book Synopsis Applied Hydrogeology of Fractured Rocks by : B.B.S. Singhal †
Download or read book Applied Hydrogeology of Fractured Rocks written by B.B.S. Singhal † and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrology is a topical and growing subject, as the earth's water resources become scarcer and more vulnerable. Although more than half the surface area of continents is covered with hard fractured rocks, there has until now been no single book available dealing specifically with fractured rock hydrogeology. This book deals comprehensively with the fundamental principles for understanding these rocks, as well as with exploration techniques and assessment. It also provides in-depth discussion of structural mapping, remote sensing, geophysical exploration, GIS, field hydraulic testing, groundwater quality and contamination, geothermal reservoirs, and resources assessment and management. Hydrogeological aspects of various lithology groups, including crystalline rocks, volcanic rocks, carbonate rocks and clastic formations, are dealt with separately, using and discussing examples from all over the world. Applied Hydrogeology of Fractured Rocks will be an invaluable reference source for postgraduate students, researchers, exploration scientists, and engineers engaged in the field of groundwater development in fractured rock areas.
Book Synopsis Scientific Investigations Report by : S. S. Sumioka
Download or read book Scientific Investigations Report written by S. S. Sumioka and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Occurrence of Ground Water in the United States with a Discussion of Principles by : Oscar Edward Meinzer
Download or read book The Occurrence of Ground Water in the United States with a Discussion of Principles written by Oscar Edward Meinzer and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Hydrogeologic Investigations of Contamination in Fractured Rock by : Richard G. Kowalski
Download or read book Introduction to Hydrogeologic Investigations of Contamination in Fractured Rock written by Richard G. Kowalski and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ground-water Recharge to the Regolith-fractured Crystalline Rock Aquifer System, Orange County, North Carolina by : Charles C. Daniel
Download or read book Ground-water Recharge to the Regolith-fractured Crystalline Rock Aquifer System, Orange County, North Carolina written by Charles C. Daniel and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: