Methodological And Statistical Advances In The Study Of Individual Differences

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Methodological and Statistical Advances in the Study of Individual Differences

Author : Cecil R. Reynolds
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468449400
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Methodological and Statistical Advances in the Study of Individual Differences by : Cecil R. Reynolds

Download or read book Methodological and Statistical Advances in the Study of Individual Differences written by Cecil R. Reynolds and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differential psychology, or the psychology of individual differences as it is better known, is perhaps the single most important basic psychological science that underlies professional practice in psychology. The recent age of behaviorism all but ignored individual differences, but in this decade the study has emerged from relative dormancy with a new vitality, fueled by new concepts, technologies, statistics, and new viewpoints on old ideas that are moving us forward. This work is intended to be a review of as well as a primer on many of these advances and new approaches to the study of individual differences. The venerable, interesting, and often controversial Eysenck opens the volume with a review of recent results and new techniques for unlocking the physiological basis of what is commonly understood to be intelligence. Eysenck and his students, in his London laboratory, have been fostering advances in this field for more than four decades. Their latest work could be the most exciting of Eysenck's illustrious, scholarly career. Eysenck's eye-opening, innovative work on the relationship between evoked potentials and performance on traditional psychometric measures, presented with a new slant, is certain to attract much attention in coming years. Eysenck and Barrett's chapter is followed by a closely related work by Arthur Jensen, who gives us a revitalizing look at the concepts of Sir Francis Galton, the founder of the psychology of individual differences.

Single-case Intervention Research

Author : Thomas R. Kratochwill
Publisher : Applying Psychology in the Sch
ISBN 13 : 9781433817519
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Single-case Intervention Research by : Thomas R. Kratochwill

Download or read book Single-case Intervention Research written by Thomas R. Kratochwill and published by Applying Psychology in the Sch. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to remarkable methodological and statistical advances in recent years, Single-Case design (SCD) research has become a viable and often essential option for researchers in applied psychology, education, and related fields. This text is a compendium of information and tools for researchers considering SCD research, a methodology in which one or several participants (or other units) comprise a systematically-controlled experimental intervention study. SCD is a highly flexible method of conducting applied intervention research where it is not feasible or practical to collect data from traditional groups of participants. Initial chapters lay out the key components of SCDs, from articulating dependent variables to documenting methods for achieving experimental control and selecting an appropriate design model. Subsequent chapters show when and how to implement SCDs in a variety of contexts and how to analyze and interpret results. Authors emphasize key design and analysis tactics, such as randomization, to help enhance the internal validity and scientific credibility of individual studies. This rich resource also includes in-depth descriptions of large-scale SCD research projects being undertaken at key institutions; practical suggestions from journal editors on how to get SCD research published; and detailed instructions for free, user-friendly, web-based randomization software.

Human Differences

Author : Lewis R. Aiken
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135674531
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Differences by : Lewis R. Aiken

Download or read book Human Differences written by Lewis R. Aiken and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text reviews the mass of information concerning the ways in which individuals and groups differ from each other. Reviews of research findings and interpretations are provided on: physical appearance, performance and health; cognitive abilities; personality; and development across the life span. Extensive treatment of foundations (historical, measurement, research methods, biological, social, and cultural) is also provided. Both normal and abnormal behaviors are considered. The book provides an interdisciplinary focus, including material from all the behavior and natural sciences, not just psychology, sociology, or biology.

Best Practices in Quantitative Methods

Author : Jason W. Osborne
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412940656
Total Pages : 609 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Best Practices in Quantitative Methods by : Jason W. Osborne

Download or read book Best Practices in Quantitative Methods written by Jason W. Osborne and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2008 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to Best Practices in Quantitative Methods envision quantitative methods in the 21st century, identify the best practices, and, where possible, demonstrate the superiority of their recommendations empirically. Editor Jason W. Osborne designed this book with the goal of providing readers with the most effective, evidence-based, modern quantitative methods and quantitative data analysis across the social and behavioral sciences. The text is divided into five main sections covering select best practices in Measurement, Research Design, Basics of Data Analysis, Quantitative Methods, and Advanced Quantitative Methods. Each chapter contains a current and expansive review of the literature, a case for best practices in terms of method, outcomes, inferences, etc., and broad-ranging examples along with any empirical evidence to show why certain techniques are better. Key Features: Describes important implicit knowledge to readers: The chapters in this volume explain the important details of seemingly mundane aspects of quantitative research, making them accessible to readers and demonstrating why it is important to pay attention to these details. Compares and contrasts analytic techniques: The book examines instances where there are multiple options for doing things, and make recommendations as to what is the "best" choice—or choices, as what is best often depends on the circumstances. Offers new procedures to update and explicate traditional techniques: The featured scholars present and explain new options for data analysis, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of the new procedures in depth, describing how to perform them, and demonstrating their use. Intended Audience: Representing the vanguard of research methods for the 21st century, this book is an invaluable resource for graduate students and researchers who want a comprehensive, authoritative resource for practical and sound advice from leading experts in quantitative methods.

The Neuropsychology of Individual Differences

Author : Lawrence C. Hartlage
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489934847
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neuropsychology of Individual Differences by : Lawrence C. Hartlage

Download or read book The Neuropsychology of Individual Differences written by Lawrence C. Hartlage and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neuropsychology of Individual Differences: A Developmental Per spective was designed to sliIVey the complexities and subtleties of neu rologically based differences in human beings. By conceptualizing and presenting subject matter in a developmental sequence, we hoped to emphasize the inseparable union between the science of neuropsychology and the study of human behavior. Following a brief introductory chapter, the volume opens with chap ters concerning critical preliminary questions, such as establishing a foundation and rationale for a neuropsychological basis for individual differences and consideration of important methodological issues. It pro ceeds with discussions of the role of neuropsychology in the individual's efforts to organize the world via such basic means as perception and temperament. Three chapters follow that discuss individual differences in higher cortical functions: cognitive ability, language, and learning. Neuropsychological differences between the sexes and in the expression of psychopathological and neurological conditions comprise the topics for the next three chapters. The final topical chapter provides a discussion of rehabilitation of neurological disorders in children, and the volume concludes with a synthesis of all contributions.

Human Abilities in Cultural Context

Author : S. H. Irvine
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521344824
Total Pages : 634 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Abilities in Cultural Context by : S. H. Irvine

Download or read book Human Abilities in Cultural Context written by S. H. Irvine and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-09-30 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1988, Human Abilities in Cultural Context constituted a major development in conceptualising and studying human abilities. It formed a unique reference frame. This study offers a re-evaluation of ability theory by the editors, S. H. Irvine and J. W. Berry, and strong individual statements by H. J. Eysenck, Arthur R. Jensen, Joseph R. Royce, and Robert J. Sternberg, who represent markedly different approaches to the measurement of intelligence. It also focuses on contexts in which the limits of assessment by psychological tests are defined: in minority native groups in North America, in migrants to Britain, in lower-caste enclaves in India, among African minorities, and among Australian Aborigines. Written by long-term residents of the regions in question, these chapters presented a wealth of fresh data in relation to Western formulations of theory and practice.

Intelligence

Author : Nathan Brody
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080917054
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligence by : Nathan Brody

Download or read book Intelligence written by Nathan Brody and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the Second Edition of Nathan Brody's popular book Intelligence, originally published in 1976. It presents a comprehensive review of contemporary research in this field, including coverage of such controversial topics as the genetic and environmental influences on IQ and individual and group differences in intelligence. The book also discusses both the psychometric and cognitive approaches to intelligence as well as new theories in the field. Discusses both the psychometric and cognitive approaches to intelligence Provides a comprehensive review of contemporary research in this realm Covers new theories of intelligence

Arthur Jensen: Consensus And Controversy

Author : Sohan Modgil
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135389225
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (353 download)

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Book Synopsis Arthur Jensen: Consensus And Controversy by : Sohan Modgil

Download or read book Arthur Jensen: Consensus And Controversy written by Sohan Modgil and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-11-04 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last thirty years, Arthur Jensen's brilliant contribution to knowledgehas been well-known world-wide. From its early transmission, his work has notbeen without its critics. Naturally, criticisms persist, although his work continuesto be frequently acknowledged with great admiration in the channels ofpsychology. With such prolific work, it would seem justified to consider thediscrepancies, the omissions, together with the various interpretations whichhave been and are currently being highlighted.

The Scientific Study of General Intelligence

Author : Helmuth Nyborg
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080516661
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis The Scientific Study of General Intelligence by : Helmuth Nyborg

Download or read book The Scientific Study of General Intelligence written by Helmuth Nyborg and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-07-11 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book celebrates two triumphs in modern psychology: the successful development and application of a solid measure of general intelligence; and the personal courage and skills of the man who made this possible - Arthur R. Jensen from Berkeley University. The volume traces the history of intelligence from the early 19th century approaches, to the most recent analyses of the hierarchical structure of cognitive abilities, and documents the transition from a hopelessly confused concept of intelligence to the development of an objective measure of psychometric g. The contributions illustrate the impressive power g has with respect to predicting educational achievement, getting an attractive job, or social stratification. The book is divided into six parts as follows: Part I presents the most recent higher-stream analysis of cognitive abilities, Part II deals with biological aspects of g, such as research on brain imaging, glucose uptake, working memory, reaction time, inspection time, and other biological correlates, and concludes with the latest findings in g-related molecular genetics. Part III addresses demographic aspects of g, such as geographic-, race-, and sex-differences, and introduces differential psychological aspects as well. Part IV concentrates on the g nexus, and relates such highly diverse topics as sociology, genius, retardation, training, education, jobs, and crime to g. Part V contains chapters critical of research on g and its genetic relationship, and also presents a rejoinder. Part VI looks at one of the greatest contemporary psychologists, Professor Emeritus Arthur R. Jensen as teacher and mentor.

Personality, Cognition and Values

Author : Gajendra K Vermad
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 134907599X
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis Personality, Cognition and Values by : Gajendra K Vermad

Download or read book Personality, Cognition and Values written by Gajendra K Vermad and published by Springer. This book was released on 1986-05-19 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Companion vol.: Cross-cultural studies of personality, attitudes, and cognition.

Aptitude, Learning and Instruction

Author : Richard E. Snow
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000806871
Total Pages : 1114 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Aptitude, Learning and Instruction by : Richard E. Snow

Download or read book Aptitude, Learning and Instruction written by Richard E. Snow and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-30 with total page 1114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This small set of 3 titles, was first published in 1980 and 1987. The three volumes make important contributions to the study of cognitive process analyses of aptitude; learning and problem-solving; and conative and affective aspects of human performance, in coordination with cognitive psychology. Taken together the editors hoped they would provide at least one solid platform for a more comprehensive integration of cognitive, conative, and affective theory and research in the instructional psychology of the future.

Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence

Author : Alan S. Kaufman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471746886
Total Pages : 816 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (717 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence by : Alan S. Kaufman

Download or read book Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence written by Alan S. Kaufman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-08-05 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic text--now updated with a new interpretive approach tothe WAIS?-III Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence, the classic text fromAlan Kaufman and Elizabeth Lichtenberger, has consistently providedthe most comprehensive source of information on cognitiveassessment of adults and adolescents. The newly updated ThirdEdition provides important enhancements and additions thathighlight the latest research and interpretive methods for theWAIS?-III. Augmenting the traditional "sequential" and "simultaneous"WAIS?-III interpretive methods, the authors present a new approachderived from Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory. This approachcombines normative assessment (performance relative to age peers)with ipsative assessment (performance relative to the person's ownmean level). Following Flanagan and Kaufman's work to develop asimilar CHC approach for the WISC?-IV, Kaufman and Lichtenbergerhave applied this system to the WAIS?-III profile of scores alongwith integrating recent WAIS?-III literature. Four appendices present the new method in depth. In addition to adetailed description, the authors provide a blank interpretiveworksheet to help examiners make the calculations and decisionsneeded for applying the additional steps of the new system, andnorms tables for the new WAIS?-III subtest combinations added inthis approach. Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence remains the premierresource for the field, covering not only the WAIS?-III but alsothe WJ III?, the KAIT, and several brief measures of intelligence,as well as laying out a relevant, up-to-date discussion of thediscipline. The new, theory-based interpretive approach for theWAIS?-III makes this a vital resource for practicing psychologists,as well as a comprehensive text for graduate students.

Policy Perspectives on Educational Testing

Author : Bernard R. Gifford
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401122261
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Policy Perspectives on Educational Testing by : Bernard R. Gifford

Download or read book Policy Perspectives on Educational Testing written by Bernard R. Gifford and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America faces a crisis in education and its accompanying effects on the nation's economic and social life. Educators and policy makers need to document the extent of this crisis, to gauge its potential impact, and to develop educational strategies that would boost achievement; this has turned the spotlight on educational assessment - the procedures, practices, and tools that educators use to measure the progress of students, both as individuals and groups. This book deals with a range of issues within the field of educational assessment, with an emphasis on those issues that have sparked the public policy debate in recent years. Much of this volume concerns itself with the impact of testing on various subgroups of the population - blacks, Hispanics, young children, and children considered to be of `below average' ability. Taken together, the contributions to this volume represent a broad range of views on differential test performance. (This book is part of the subseries of books based on the Ford Foundation's National Commission on Testing and Public Policy. Previous titles in this program include Gifford & Wing/Test in Defense, Gifford & O'Connor/Changing Assessments, Gifford/Test Policy and the Politics of Opportunity Allocation, and Gifford/Test Policy and Test Performance.)

Hans Eysenck: Consensus And Controversy

Author : Sohan Modgil
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135389705
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (353 download)

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Book Synopsis Hans Eysenck: Consensus And Controversy by : Sohan Modgil

Download or read book Hans Eysenck: Consensus And Controversy written by Sohan Modgil and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last forty years, Hans Eysenck's brilliant contribution to knowledge has beenwell-known world-wide. From its early transmission, his work has not been without itscritics. Naturally, criticisms persist, although his work continues to be frequentlyacknowledged with great admiration in the channels of psychology. With such prolificwork, it would seem justified to consider the discrepancies, the omissions, together withthe various interpretations which have been and are currently being highlighted.

Advances in Educational and Psychological Testing: Theory and Applications

Author : Ronald K. Hambleton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400921950
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Educational and Psychological Testing: Theory and Applications by : Ronald K. Hambleton

Download or read book Advances in Educational and Psychological Testing: Theory and Applications written by Ronald K. Hambleton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last 20 years there have been a large number of technical advances and changes in the field of educational and psychological testing. According to Anne Anastasi, The decade of the 1980's has been a period of unusual advances in ,psychological testing. Technological progress, theoretical sophistication, and increasing pro fessional responsibility are all evident in the fast-moving events in this field (A. Anastasi, Psychological Testing, Sixth Edition. New York: Macmillan, 1988). On the psychometric front, advances in topics such as item response theory, criterion-referenced measurement, generalizability theory,· analy sis of covariance structures, and validity generalization are reshaping the ways that ability and achievement tests are constructed and evaluated, and that test scores are interpreted. But \Jsychometric advances, as substantial and important as they have been, are only a fraction of the major changes in the field of testing. Today, for example, the computer is radically chang ing the ways in which tests are constructed, administered, and scored. Computers are being used to administer tests "adaptively." That is, the sequence of questions an examinee is administered depends upon his or her performance on earlier administered items in the test. Tests are "adapted" to the ability levels of the examinees who are being assessed. One result is shorter tests with little or no loss in measurement precision. Computers are also being used to store or bank test items. Later, items of interest can be selected, and the computer is used to print copies of the test.

Hemispheric Communication

Author : Frederick L. Kitterle
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317728661
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Hemispheric Communication by : Frederick L. Kitterle

Download or read book Hemispheric Communication written by Frederick L. Kitterle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-10 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of the way in which the two hemispheres of the brain interact. Some chapters address the nature of this interaction, the anatomical substrates that may account for greater or lesser hemispheric interaction, and the role of sex and handedness in hemispheric interaction. Others address the use of different experimental methods and clinical populations to understand the nature of hemispheric interaction. In addition to current research, this book also provides an important historical overview of the early research questions about hemispheric function and interaction that have helped to shape current views of and approaches to the study of brain function. Special coverage includes: * a comprehensive history of early research on cerebral laterality and hemispheric communication, including work by Pavlov; * a critical analysis of techniques and methologies to study hemispheric communication; * research on anatomical substrates which may underly functional differences between hemispheres and hemispheric communication; * implications of handedness for hemispheric communication; * research on individual differences in hemispheric function; * comprehensive research on sex and handedness from physiological, anatomical, and functional perspectives; and * attentional differences in hemispheric function.

Handbook of Intelligence

Author : Robert J. Sternberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316583864
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Intelligence by : Robert J. Sternberg

Download or read book Handbook of Intelligence written by Robert J. Sternberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-03-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not since the landmark publication of Handbook of Human Intelligence in 1982 has the field of intelligence been more alive than it is today. Spurred by the new developments in this rapidly expanding field, Dr Sternberg has brought together a stellar list of contributors to provide a comprehensive, broad and deeply thematic review of intelligence that will be accessible to both scholar and student. The field of intelligence is lively on many fronts, and this volume provides full coverage on topics such as behavior-genetic models, evolutionary models, cognitive models, emotional intelligence, practical intelligence, and group difference. Handbook of Intelligence is largely expanded, covering areas such as animal and artificial intelligence, as well as human intelligence. It fully reflects important theoretical progress made since the early 1980s.