Methane Production From Anaerobic Co Digestion Of Chlorella Vulgaris And Wastewater Sludge

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Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Wastewater Sludge

Author : Carissa Lee Williams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (825 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Wastewater Sludge by : Carissa Lee Williams

Download or read book Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Wastewater Sludge written by Carissa Lee Williams and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing demand for energy coupled with concerns over limited fossil fuel reserves and apprehensions over their contributions to greenhouse gas emissions have made the search for low carbon energy sources a high priority. Algal biomass could serve as an alternative source of renewable biofuels. Research efforts to date have primarily focused on the production of algal biofuels through lipid extraction, which involves high temperature and high pressure, resulting in an energy intensive process. In this research, the use of algal biomass as a supplementary feedstock to anaerobic digesters for the production of methane gas is evaluated. To test the potential of algal biomass as a supplementary feedstock, labscale anaerobic digesters are set-up. The methane gas production of various combinations of thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) and algal biomass is investigated. Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) is used as representative microalgae. In addition, the effects of operational parameters, such as biomass loading, temperature and alkalinity, on biogas production are investigated. The results show that the biogas production for all biomass loading combinations of C. vulgaris and TWAS ranged from 0.47-0.57 mL per mg volatile solids (VS) digested. On average, VS and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were reduced 48 and 38%, respectively, at 35°C. Average total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) concentrations of 6.3x104 and 1.0x104 CFU per gram of total solids (TS), respectively, were measured in the digested waste at 35°C. Thus, the residual meets the USEPA requirements for pathogen reduction (FC 2x106 CFU per g TS) and vector attraction reduction ( 38% reduction in VS) for land application. The total nitrogen and phosphorus content of the residual was determined to be in the range of 9-17% as N and 3-7% as P (7-16% as P2O5), respectively, revealing its potential value as a fertilizer. It was also observed that decreased digestion temperatures resulted in lower biogas yields, while initial alkalinity in digesters did not appear to affect biogas production. From the results of the research, it can be inferred that algae can be co-digested with wastewater sludge, or by itself, to produce methane gas at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This suggests that algae can be utilized as an energy source through anaerobic co-digestion with wastewater sludge. This is significant because algae can be grown with the nutrient and CO2 contained in waste streams at WWTPS, thereby minimizing the release of nutrients and effluent water to the environment. This reduced nutrient load results in treatment cost savings, while the reduction in effluent discharge decreases environmental pollution.

Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Dairy Whey for Enhanced Methane Production

Author : Paula Drouin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Dairy Whey for Enhanced Methane Production by : Paula Drouin

Download or read book Anaerobic Co-digestion of Chlorella Vulgaris and Dairy Whey for Enhanced Methane Production written by Paula Drouin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge and Scenedesmus Sp

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)

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Book Synopsis Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge and Scenedesmus Sp by :

Download or read book Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge and Scenedesmus Sp written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of rising energy consumption in the U.S. and sustained growth of developing countries has made clear the importance of developing an energy source that is renewable and minimizes greenhouse gas emissions. The use of algae as an energy source can satisfy both of these criteria, but the current focus on developing it as a biofuel requires a significant amount of energy input, making it not yet economically feasible. This research combines a promising energy source with a decades-old wastewater treatment technology to generate biogas by combining the anaerobic digestion of algae and wastewater sludge. Bench-scale anaerobic digesters were setup with various proportions of the microalgae Scenedesmus quadricuada and thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) and their biogas production was evaluated. In addition, the effects of operational parameters, such as temperature and alkalinity, on biogas production and residual characteristics were investigated. Biogas production for the various algae and TWAS combinations ranged from 0.46 to 0.72 mL per mg of volatile solids (VS) digested, while VS and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were reduced on average, 47 and 50%, respectively, at 35°C. Total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) concentrations saw at least a one log reduction after digestion, allowing the digestant to meet the USEPA requirements for classification as a Class B biosolid and its use in certain land applications. The digestant had nitrogen and phosphorous levels in the range of 5 to 19% as N and 5 to 15% as P, respectively, putting it in the range of commercial fertilizer levels. It was also determined that decreasing digestion temperatures from 35°C produced significantly less biogas, while adjusting the amount of initial alkalinity in digesters did not have a significant effect on biogas production. From these results, anaerobically digesting algae along with wastewater sludge can be utilized as a feasible method to harness the energy potential of algae. Although some of this potential remains locked up in the undigested portion, its synergy with wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) cannot be overstated. Growing algae using existing waste streams at WWTPs such as CO2 and effluent wastewater highlights this technology's ability to transform waste into a valuable commodity without enormous new infrastructure investment..

Anaerobic Co-digestion of Algal Biomass and a Supplemental Carbon Source Material to Produce Methane

Author : Yousef Soboh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (945 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaerobic Co-digestion of Algal Biomass and a Supplemental Carbon Source Material to Produce Methane by : Yousef Soboh

Download or read book Anaerobic Co-digestion of Algal Biomass and a Supplemental Carbon Source Material to Produce Methane written by Yousef Soboh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algae that are grown in wastewater treatment lagoons could be an important substrate for biofuel production; however, the low C/N ratio of algae is not conducive to anaerobic digestion of algae with economically attractive methane production rates. Increasing the C/N ratio in anaerobic, laboratory scale, batch reactors by blending algal biomass with sodium acetate resulted i increased methane production rates as the C/N ratio increased. The highest amount of methane was produced when the C/N was 21/1. When the C/N was 24/1, the biogas production rate decreased. Batch experiments were done to evaluate the effect of optimizing the C/N ratio on methane production from algae and to identify the most essential information needed to conduct research on co-digestion of algal biomass using the continuous, high-rate, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor system. Based on the results obtained from batch reactor experiments, anaerobic co-digestion of algal biomass, obtained by continuous centrifugation from the Logan City, Utah, 5th stage wastewater treatment lagoon, and sodium acetate was conducted using laboratory scale UASB reactors with the C/N ratio in the feedstock adjusted to 21/1. Duplicate, 34 L UASB reactor systems were built of poly(methyl methacrylate). Both reactors were seeded with 11 L of anaerobic sediment from the 3rd stage lagoon. The pH of the feedstock was adjusted to the neutral range. The feedstock was initially introduced at a low organic loading rate of 0.9 g/L.d with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 7.2 days and then increased up to 5.4 g/L.d and a HRT of 5.5 days. These organic loading rates corresponded to an initial influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 6.25 g/L and increased to 27.2 g/L. Methane production increased from 270 mL/g to 349 mL/g COD biodegraded. COD removal efficiency was 80% and biogas methane composition was 90% at steady state. Algal biomass contributed 33-50% of the COD in the feed stock depending on the COD of the algae paste from centrifugation. The shortest HRT at which steady state was not affected was 5.5 days. At lower HRT all monitored parameters showed a slight decrease after the 75th day of operation.

Handbook of Food Proteins

Author : Glyn O. Phillips
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857093630
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Food Proteins by : Glyn O. Phillips

Download or read book Handbook of Food Proteins written by Glyn O. Phillips and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally a source of nutrition, proteins are also added to foods for their ability to form gels and stabilise emulsions, among other properties. The range of specialised protein ingredients used in foods is increasing. Handbook of food proteins provides an authoritative overview of the characteristics, functionalities and applications of different proteins of importance to the food industry in one convenient volume.The introductory chapter provides an overview of proteins and their uses in foods. The following chapters each focus on a particular protein ingredient or group of ingredients covering their origins, production, properties and applications. The proteins discussed are caseins, whey proteins, gelatin and other meat-derived protein ingredients, seafood proteins, egg proteins, soy proteins, pea and other legume proteins, mycoprotein, wheat gluten, canola and other oilseed proteins, algal proteins and potato protein. A chapter on texturised vegetable proteins completes the volume. Innovative products and potential methods for improving nutrition and diet using these proteins are described.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors Handbook of food proteins is an invaluable reference tool for professionals using food protein ingredients for both food and other applications. - An authoritative overview of the characteristics, functionalities and applications of different proteins of importance to the food industry - Chapters each focus on a particular protein ingredient or group of ingredients - Innovative products and potential methods for improving nutrition and diet using proteins is also described

Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-digestion of Municipal Wastewater Sludge and Un-dewatered Grease Trap Waste

Author : Sedat Yalcinkaya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-digestion of Municipal Wastewater Sludge and Un-dewatered Grease Trap Waste by : Sedat Yalcinkaya

Download or read book Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-digestion of Municipal Wastewater Sludge and Un-dewatered Grease Trap Waste written by Sedat Yalcinkaya and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fat, oil, and grease residues, food particles, solids and some kitchen wastewaters are collected in grease traps which are separate from the municipal wastewater stream. Grease traps are emptied periodically and grease trap waste (GTW) is hauled for treatment. This dissertation focuses on anaerobic co-digestion of un-dewatered (raw) GTW with municipal wastewater treatment sludge (MWS) at wastewater treatment plants. In particular, this research focuses on the biochemical methane potential of un-dewatered GTW as well as the stability and performance of anaerobic co-digestion of MWS and un-dewatered GTW. A set of modified biochemical methane potential tests was performed to determine the methane potential of un-dewatered GTW under mesophilic conditions (35 °C). Methane potential of un-dewatered GTW in this study was 606 mL CH4/g VS [subscript added] which is less than previously reported methane potentials of 845 - 1050 mL CH4/g VS [subscript added] for concentrated/dewatered GTW. However, the methane potential of un-dewatered GTW (606 mL CH4/g VS [subscript added]) was more than two times greater than the 223 mL CH4/g VS [subscript added] reported for MWS digestion alone. A comprehensive study was performed to determine the stability and performance of anaerobic co-digestion of MWS with un-dewatered GTW as a function of increasing GTW feed ratios. The performance of two semi-continuously fed anaerobic digesters at 35 °C was evaluated as a function of increasing GTW feed ratios. Anaerobic co-digestion of MWS with un-dewatered GTW at a 46% GTW feed ratio (on a volatile solids basis) resulted in a 67% increase in methane production and a 26% increase in volatile solids reduction compared to anaerobic digestion of MWS alone. On the other hand, anaerobic co-digestion of un-dewatered GTW resulted in a higher inhibition threshold (46% on VS basis) than that of dewatered GTW. These results indicate that using un-dewatered GTW instead of dewatered GTW can reduce the inhibition risk of anaerobic co-digestion of MWS and GTW. Recovery of the anaerobic digesters following upset conditions was also evaluated and semi-continuous feed of digester effluent into upset digesters yielded of the biogas production level of the undisrupted digestion. Finally, a mathematical model was used to describe the relationship between methane potential and GTW feed ratio on a VS basis. The results of this research can be used to predict methane production and identify suitable GTW feeding ratios for successful co-digestion of un-dewatered GTW and MWS.

Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge to Methane

Author : Steven J. Hitte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge to Methane by : Steven J. Hitte

Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge to Methane written by Steven J. Hitte and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies

Author : Xuan-Thanh Bui
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811332592
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies by : Xuan-Thanh Bui

Download or read book Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies written by Xuan-Thanh Bui and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-07 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses major technological advances in the treatment and re-use of wastewater. Its focus is on both novel treatment strategies and the modifications and adaptions of conventional processes to optimize the treatment of a complex variety of pollutants, including organic matter, chemicals and micropollutants in different water resources, as well as the integration of water treatment with bioelectricity production. Written by leading researchers in the field, it will be of interest to a wide range of researchers in both industry and academia.

Strategies to Enhance Microalgae Anaerobic Digestion in Wastewater Treatment Systems : Pretreatments and Co-digestion

Author : Maria Solé Bundó
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategies to Enhance Microalgae Anaerobic Digestion in Wastewater Treatment Systems : Pretreatments and Co-digestion by : Maria Solé Bundó

Download or read book Strategies to Enhance Microalgae Anaerobic Digestion in Wastewater Treatment Systems : Pretreatments and Co-digestion written by Maria Solé Bundó and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalgae-based wastewater treatment systems are promising solutions to shift the paradigm from wastewater treatment to energy and resources recovery. In these systems, microalgae assimilate nutrients and produce oxygen which is used by bacteria to biodegrade organic matter improving water quality. Moreover, microalgae biomass can be harvested and reused to produce biofuels among other bioproducts. In this context, anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most consolidated and well-known technologies to convert organic waste generated in a wastewater treatment plant into bioenergy. However, microalgae AD is generally limited by their resistant cell wall, which lead to low methane potential (degradation extent) and conversion rate (degradation speed). Also, microalgae have high protein content, which can lead to ammonia nitrogen inhibition during the anaerobic digestion process. This PhD thesis aims to overcome these drawbacks and improve the technology by combining the use of pretreatments and the co-digestion. While pretreatments act disrupting or weakening the structure of microalgae cell wall, allowing the intracellular content to become more bioavailable, anaerobic co-digestion (i.e. the simultaneous digestion with two or more substrates) can contribute to improve microalgae AD performance by increasing methane potential, diluting inhibitory compounds or getting synergies between substrates (nutrients composition, rheology, etc.) in addition to the economic advantages derived from treating several wastes in a single facility. Firstly, co-digestion of harvested microalgae from high rate algal ponds (HRAP) used as secondary treatment for urban wastewater and primary sludge, which is produced in the same treatment process, is been investigated. Results have shown that the most suitable option to anaerobically digest microalgae from HRAPs would be the co-digestion with primary sludge at a 20-day hydraulic retention time (HRT), that leads to higher methane production (between 63% and 2.3-fold increase). The energy assessments conducted according to these results have revealed that microalgae co-digestion with primary sludge is a key technology for energy recovery in HRAPs, since the energy produced is up to 4-fold the energy consumed during the AD. Finally, potential reuse of microalgae digestates in agriculture has been investigated (including their co-digestion with primary sludge). all microalgae digestates have presented suitable properties for agricultural soils amendment, although digestate from co-digestion has presented the least phytotoxicity. Besides, co-digestion with storable agricultural wastes (i.e. wheat straw) is been evaluated. As it happens to microalgae, wheat straw AD is limited by hydrolysis step due to its lignocellulosic structure. Thus, their co-digestion with microalgae is also being investigated after a simultaneous thermo-alkaline pretreatment to both substrates. Results have shown that wheat straw co-digestion (50% VS) at 20-day HRT has increased microalgae methane yield by 77% as compared to microalgae mono-digestion (from 0.12 L CH4/g VS to 0.21 L CH4/gVS). On the other way around, pretreatment has only increased the methane yield by 15% as compared to untreated substrates co- digestion (0.24 L CH4/g VS). Thus, the co-digestion of microalgae and wheat straw is successful even without the pretreatment. Finally, when microalgae are used as tertiary treatment, waste activated sludge (WAS) results in abundant and available co-substrate. As a novelty, in this PhD thesis, microalgae and WAS co-digestion is investigated after applying a simultaneous autohydrolysis pretreatment at 55 °C to improve microalgae biodegradability by promoting inherent enzymes release from WAS. However, results have shown that WAS enzymes have not been effective at disrupting microalgae cell wall. Anyway, WAS co-digestion (80% VS) after pretreatment has increased microalgae mono-digestion methane yield up to 130%.

Sustainable Bioenergy Production

Author : Lijun Wang
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466505524
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Bioenergy Production by : Lijun Wang

Download or read book Sustainable Bioenergy Production written by Lijun Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-18 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the environmental concerns and declining availability of fossil fuels, as well as the growing population worldwide, it is essential to move toward a sustainable bioenergy-based economy. However, it is also imperative to address sustainability in the bioenergy industry in order to avoid depleting necessary biomass resources. Sustainable Bioenergy Production provides comprehensive knowledge and skills for the analysis and design of sustainable biomass production, bioenergy processing, and biorefinery systems for professionals in the bioenergy field. Focusing on topics vital to the sustainability of the bioenergy industry, this book is divided into four sections: Fundamentals of Engineering Analysis and Design of Bioenergy Production Systems, Sustainable Biomass Production and Supply Logistics, Sustainable Bioenergy Processing, and Sustainable Biorefinery Systems. Section I covers the fundamentals of genetic engineering, novel breeding, and cropping technologies applied in the development of energy crops. It discusses modern computational tools used in the design and analysis of bioenergy production systems and the life-cycle assessment for evaluating the environmental sustainability of biomass production and bioenergy processing technologies. Section II focuses on the technical and economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of various biomass feedstocks and emerging technologies to improve feedstock sustainability. Section III addresses the technical and economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of different bioenergy processing technologies and emerging technologies to improve the sustainability of each bioenergy process. Section IV discusses the design and analysis of biorefineries and different biorefinery systems, including lignocellulosic feedstock, whole-crop, and green biorefinery.

Progress in Microalgae Research

Author : Leila Queiroz Zepka
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1803560231
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress in Microalgae Research by : Leila Queiroz Zepka

Download or read book Progress in Microalgae Research written by Leila Queiroz Zepka and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-11-02 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in Microalgae Research - A Path for Shaping Sustainable Futures consolidates the latest research, developments, and advances in the field of microalgae biotechnology. The book’s chapters take a close look at and highlight the wide commercial potential of microalgae-based processes and products. This book is a useful resource for researchers and academic and industry professionals in the field of microalgae biotechnology.

Methods for Enhancing Biogas Production

Author : Agnieszka Montusiewicz
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040225683
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods for Enhancing Biogas Production by : Agnieszka Montusiewicz

Download or read book Methods for Enhancing Biogas Production written by Agnieszka Montusiewicz and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-12-02 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concern about using organic waste as a renewable energy source is a critical worldwide issue. In this area, anaerobic digestion (AD) seems to be a promising solution because of the significant reduction of waste quantity and generation of valuable products such as biogas, regarded as being a good energy carrier and digestate with high nutritional potential for agriculture. The current trends in AD focus on improving the efficiency of the process to make this a cost-effective treatment. Depending on the source (agricultural, municipal, or industrial), organic waste varies considering both its composition and structure, and thus the bioaccessibility and biodegradability. Accordingly, materials rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and fats require different operational conditions to overcome technological problems and minimize the risk of disruption or failure of the anaerobic systems. Different strategies can be used to enhance biogas production, including waste pretreatment (physical, chemical, physico-chemical, biological, and combined), two-stage AD (temperaturephased AD and two-phase AD), anaerobic co-digestion (two-substrate and multi-substrate systems), and bioaugmentation (with natural strains or specialized consortia of microorganisms and genetically modified microorganisms or their consortia). Some of them enhance its accessibility and digestibility, while others improve nutritional balance, metabolic properties, and operational factors, facilitating synergistic effect of microorganisms. This book covers the current developments in the area of enhancing biogas production.

Anaerobic Co-digestion of Municipal Sludge and Restaurant Grease

Author : Zengkai Liu
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659536687
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Anaerobic Co-digestion of Municipal Sludge and Restaurant Grease by : Zengkai Liu

Download or read book Anaerobic Co-digestion of Municipal Sludge and Restaurant Grease written by Zengkai Liu and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04-30 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic codigestion of municipal wastewater sludge and restaurant grease was investigated in a semi-continuous lab-scale digestion experiment under mesophilic condition (37 C). Compared to the control digester, COD loading rate for test digester was elevated to 387% (organic loading rate 4.235 kgVS/m3/d) and led to 467% increase in daily biogas production, 25.2% increase in methane yield (based on VS deduction), 29.8% increase in COD reduction rate and 27.2% increase in VS reduction rate, respectively. Methane content ranged from 62% to 67%. There was no negative effect of grease addition on the digester performance in this experiment. The great increases in biogas production and methane yield indicated enhanced digestion performance. In addition, partial alkalinity and pH proved to be good indicators to monitor digestion process and predict overloading. It is still possible to keep increasing organic loading by the addition of more grease, but according to monitoring results, the system was close to overloading.

Increased Biogas Production by Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge with Fruit and Vegetable Waste, and by Sludge Pre-treatment

Download Increased Biogas Production by Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge with Fruit and Vegetable Waste, and by Sludge Pre-treatment PDF Online Free

Author : Nathan D. Park
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (778 download)

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Book Synopsis Increased Biogas Production by Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge with Fruit and Vegetable Waste, and by Sludge Pre-treatment by : Nathan D. Park

Download or read book Increased Biogas Production by Anaerobic Co-digestion of Wastewater Sludge with Fruit and Vegetable Waste, and by Sludge Pre-treatment written by Nathan D. Park and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Full scale anaerobic co-digestion of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) and municipal wastewater primary sludge significantly increased biogas production. Digester operation remained stable. Undigested FVW was visible in dewatered sludge suggesting that FVW should be added to the first stage digester to prevent short-circuiting and increase the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the FVW. Batch lab results confirmed that co-digestate addition to first stage sludge (FSS) is preferred to second stage sludge (SSS). FSS produced significantly more methane (514 ± 57 L CH4 kgVS−1 added) than SSS (392 ± 16 L CH4 kgVS−1 added). In a related study, combined alkaline and ultrasonic pre-treatment of thermomechanical pulp mill sludge (PMS) significantly increased the soluble TS, VS and COD of the PMS over non-treated sludge. Pre-treatment did not significantly improve biogas production over 28 d, but did increase VS reduction, and the initial rate of methane production. Overall, biogas production from PMS was inconsistent."--Page ii

Improving the Methane Production in the Co-Digestion of Microalgae and Cattle Manure

Author : Matthew Scott Cantu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving the Methane Production in the Co-Digestion of Microalgae and Cattle Manure by : Matthew Scott Cantu

Download or read book Improving the Methane Production in the Co-Digestion of Microalgae and Cattle Manure written by Matthew Scott Cantu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the effects from various treatments in the anaerobic digestion of cattle manure when mixed with microalgae. The analysis would focus on two primary subjects: the effects of different treatments on the microalgae sludge, and the balancing of the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. The results of this experiment would give a viable estimate on the possible methane production from co-digestion of these resources. At the conclusion of the experiment, it was found that biogas production increased when algae was added to the digester. The highest methane production in the control groups, containing only manure, digestion sludge, and newsprint was 48120 L, while the highest in the mixtures containing algae and pretreated algae were 71170 L and 87715 L, respectively. Based on volatile solids, the highest production in the control groups was0.36 (L CH4)/(g VS), while the production rates in the algae and pretreated algae mixtures were 0.22 (L CH4)/(g VS) and 0.44 (L CH4)/(g VS), respectively. This shows that the presence of algae increases the overall methane production, but is hindered by inhibitory factors contributing to ineffectiveness in the overall digestion process. The effects of carbon balancing for the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio also showed that overall, mixtures balanced at 25:1 carbon-to-nitrogen yielded more biogas. The exception is the normal algae mixture, in which the optimal ratio was 20:1. In conclusion, the anaerobic co-digestion of cattle manure with pretreated algae, when balanced for carbon and nitrogen, can severely increase methane production rates. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152539

Microalgal Biotechnology

Author : Eduardo Jacob-Lopes
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789233321
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Microalgal Biotechnology by : Eduardo Jacob-Lopes

Download or read book Microalgal Biotechnology written by Eduardo Jacob-Lopes and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalgal Biotechnology presents an authoritative and comprehensive overview of the microalgae-based processes and products. Divided into 10 discreet chapters, the book covers topics on applied technology of microalgae. Microalgal Biotechnology provides an insight into future developments in each field and extensive bibliography. It will be an essential resource for researchers and academic and industry professionals in the microalgae biotechnology field.

Algal Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery

Author : Raul Muñoz
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789060923
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Algal Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery by : Raul Muñoz

Download or read book Algal Technologies for Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery written by Raul Muñoz and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 80% of globally produced wastewater receives little or no treatment before it is disposed into the environment. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new wastewater treatment technologies that are sustainable in the broad sense of the word, i.e. not only produce high quality effluents, but also minimise energy expenses, recover energy and nutrients, and apply technology that is appropriate in relation to the availability of skilled personnel. This book compiles the main outcomes of recent efforts to improve the design of waste stabilisation ponds, and confirms the superior performance of high rate algal ponds as a result of process intensification. Anaerobic digestion devoted to biogas production continues to be the preferred strategy for the energy valorisation of the algal biomass, co-digestion with multiple high C/N ratio substrates gathering significant attention over the past years. The potential of algal biomass as a biosorbent for heavy metal removal (Cu, Ni, F) maintains its share in the research field of water bioremediation, while research on nutrient removal has focused on providing new insights on the mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater in algal–bacterial systems. Finally, it is worth noticing that breakthroughs in complementary fields of research such as nanotechnology or lighting technology are gradually being implemented in algal biotechnology, with new products such as nanoparticles for water disinfection or photobioreactors illuminated by low intensity LED panels. In Focus – a book series that showcases the latest accomplishments in water research. Each book focuses on a specialist area with papers from top experts in the field. It aims to be a vehicle for in-depth understanding and inspire further conversations in the sector.