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Author : Naomi E. Jones
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanoparticles as Potential MRI Contrast Agents written by Naomi E. Jones and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christoph Schweiger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (694 download)
Download or read book Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Potential Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Christoph Schweiger and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Potential Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the development of novel formulations on the basis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Optimization of the synthesis route resulted in the development of particles meeting general requirements for eventual applications. Furthermore, the selection of appropriate stabilizing agents imparted the nanoparticles with beneficial features, making an in vivo application possible. In doing so, the formulations seem to be especially promising for the application as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging. Chapter 1 gives a brief insight into current research in the field of magnetic nanoparticles. While the originally promoted idea of dragging nanoparticles to the site of action by a massive external field is becoming less important, the use of magnetic carriers as single and multifunctional imaging agents is gaining in importance. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with optimal properties for MRI contrast enhancement and the comparative assessment of polymeric macromolecules as stabilizers for such nanoparticles. It was revealed that particles covered by poly(ethylene imine)-g-poly(ethylene glycol) performed better than their poly(ethylene imine) counterparts, in terms of stability and cytotoxicity. The systems containing the former polymer showed pronounced colloidal stability even in protein-rich cell media. In addition, cytotoxicity was reduced by more than an order of magnitude. In this respect, the assumptions made in the run-up to the studies have found confirmation. Indeed, the introduction of hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) moieties to the polymer backbone positively manipulated the above properties. In addition, the physicochemical properties of the generated iron oxide nanoparticles were found to be excellent, despite the simplicity of the synthesis procedure. The iron oxide cores displayed high crystallinity, high saturation magnetization and superparamagnetic features. The polymer-coated nanopartic.
Author : Sophie Laurent
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811025290
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)
Download or read book MRI Contrast Agents written by Sophie Laurent and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the multiple aspects of (i) preparation of the magnetic core, (ii) the stabilization with different coatings, (iii) the physico-chemical characterization and (iv) the vectorization to obtain specific nanosystems. Several bio-applications are also presented in this book. In the early days of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), paramagnetic ions were proposed as contrast agents to enhance the diagnostic quality of MR images. Since then, academic and industrial efforts have been devoted to the development of new and more efficient molecular, supramolecular and nanoparticular systems. Old concepts and theories, like paramagnetic relaxation, were revisited and exploited, leading to new scientific tracks. With their high relaxivity payload, the superparamagnetic nanoparticles are very appealing in the context of molecular imaging but challenges are still numerous: absence of toxicity, specificity, ability to cross the biological barriers, etc.
Author : Nicholas J. Darton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107031095
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Magnetic Nanoparticles in Biosensing and Medicine written by Nicholas J. Darton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing together topics from a wide range of disciplines, and featuring up-to-date examples of clinical usage and research applications, this text provides a comprehensive insight into the fundamentals of magnetic biosensors and the applications of magnetic nanoparticles in medicine.
Author : YAVUZ Nuri ERTAS
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Oxide-Free Gadolinium Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast Agents written by YAVUZ Nuri ERTAS and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gd element and other rare-earth metals are notoriously difficult to use in chemical synthesis due to their high reduction potentials and aggressive reactivities with ambient oxygen, which almost always leads to the formation of oxides. The challenge in chemical synthesis limits the range of applications for rare-earth metals. The most important use of Gd at the moment is nanocrystals for technological applications. Herein, we report for the first time the successful production of size-controllable, solid core-shell oxide-free Gd metal nanocrystals. We have solved the long-standing problem of oxidation through a reduction process and appropriate capping. The manuscript describes the procedure and detailed characterizations of the process to ensure the highest quality of the produced particles. In particular, the nanocrystals displayed the largest saturation magnetization observed to date for nanocrystalline Gd metal. This value (206 emu/g at 2K) currently stands as the world record. Another important application of Gd is contrast agent development for MRI. To this end, we have performed NMR relaxivity measurements to evaluate the performance of the nanoparticles as potential MRI contrast agents. Typically, Gd based nanoconstructs such as FDA approved Gd-DTPA chelates are T1 MRI contrast agents; however, we demonstrate, for the first time, that pure Gd nanoparticles can also be used as state-of-the art T2 contrast agents. World record high values for transverse proton relaxitivity (r2 of 232 mM-1s-1 per Gd atom and per-particle relaxivity (2.9 x 10^8 mM-1s-1 have been obtained, exceeding the current highest per-particle r2 values. These results make our Gd nanocrystals the most promising MRI contrast agents for use in biomedical applications. For the first time, this puts MRI on par with positron emission tomography in terms of sensitivity to detection of a contrast agent. We further developed the nanoparticles and we demonstrate record high saturation magnetizations for Gd nanoparticles, namely, 226 emu/g at 5 T. This magnetization is substantially higher than anything achieved to date. We have achieved such high magnetizations in a reliable and reproducible manner by controlling the crystallinity of the grown Gd nanofilm. The crystallinity of Gd is found to play an important role in the observed magnetization values. The higher magnetization is observed for nanoparticles that have a lower content of paramagnetic face-centered cubic (fcc) phase and greater content of ferromagnetic hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase. Control over fcc and hcp content in the lattice was achieved by adjusting the deposition rate of Gd metal during the nanofabrication process. Our results indicate the remarkable influence of nanocrystallinity on the magnetism of Gd and the ability to control it. Our novel fabrication technique, which overcomes the problems of current synthetic approaches to rare-earth nanoparticle synthesis through the careful optimization of capping and hydrogen reduction techniques, can also be applied to other rare-earth metals and alloys. This opens the door to fundamental studies on these materials at the nanoscale. It will also enable the realization of the full potential of rare-earth metals in industry.
Author : Michele Huelar Pablico
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (867 download)
Download or read book Metal-Oxo Containing Polymer Nanobeads As Potential Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Michele Huelar Pablico and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most common MRI contrast agents that are in clinical use today are gadolinium chelates and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, both of which have their own advantages in terms of contrast enhancement properties. In the past few years, however, there has been interest in utilizing metal-containing clusters for MRI contrast enhancement as these materials bridge the gap between the constrained structure and magnetic properties of the gadolinium chelates with the superparamagnetic behavior of the iron oxide nanoparticles. Recently, metallic clusters containing Mn and Fe metal centers have received increased attention mainly because of their potential for high spin states and benign nature.
Author : Alain R. Puente-Santiago
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303055502X
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Surface-modified Nanobiomaterials for Electrochemical and Biomedicine Applications written by Alain R. Puente-Santiago and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
Author : Sophie Laurent
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0081012756
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications written by Sophie Laurent and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Synthesis, Functionalization and Application begins with several chapters covering the synthesis, stabilization, physico-chemical characterization and functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles. The second part of the book outlines the various biomedical imaging applications that currently take advantage of the magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles. Brief attention is given to potential iron oxide based therapies, while the final chapter covers nanocytotoxicity, which is a key concern wherever exposure to nanomaterials might occur. This comprehensive book is an essential reference for all those academics and professionals who require thorough knowledge of recent and future developments in the role of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedicine. Unlocks the potential of iron oxide nanoparticles to transform diagnostic imaging techniques Contains full coverage of new developments and recent research, making this essential reading for researchers and engineers alike Explains the synthesis, processing and characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles with a view to their use in biomedicine
Author : Reem Alalwan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)
Download or read book Chemically Synthesized Gamma-Maghemite Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Positive MRI Contrast Agents written by Reem Alalwan and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With cancer being the second leading cause of death in the world, early detection of the human disease is a significant field of research that includes the investigation and development of clinical imaging technologies. One of the widely used imaging modalities is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The significance of MRI lies in the potential to revolutionize diagnostic medicine through the functionality of early detection of diseases in their initial precipitation stages, thus offering higher probability of better patient outcomes around the world. Conventional MRI scans have low sensitivity with darker images easily confused with voids in certain organs and other soft tissue. The emergence of MRI contrast agents was a game changer. Contrast-enhanced MRI scans modify the magnitude of the signal in the body region where the agent is incorporated, resulting in an increased contrast between normal and abnormal tissues and greater differentiation among normal and diseased tissue for diagnostic purposes. Given the several types of contrasts currently available, the goal of this work is to create an iron-based T1 contrast agent that targets specific cells, delivers an optimized bright signal, and easily clears through the renal system, avoiding any possible depositions in the human body and any fatal conditions such as nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) which are associated with the administration of the conventional untargeted Gd(III)-based contrast agents. In this study, a hydrothermal synthetic protocol is developed to create 4 nm targeted [gamma]-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with T1 contrast as a potential formulation for contrast-enhanced clinical imaging through MRI. The contrast of the new material is examined in simulated physiological conditions, as well as through relaxivity measurements using the High Field Magnetic Lab at Penn State directed by Dr. Thomas Neuberger.
Author : Martin Hall
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781658412124
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Dextran Sulfate-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Targeted MRI Contrast Agents for Neuroinflammation written by Martin Hall and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis contains two distinct part: the first two chapters focus on research efforts towards the use of Dextran Sulfate-Coated Iron Oxide (SDIO) Nanoparticles as an MRI contrast agent for the diagnosis of brain inflammation, while the third chapter is a personal reflection on experiences from assisting with the development and initial implementation of an online, UC-wide Introduction to Research course. In Chapter 1, the synthesis and characterization of SDIO nanoparticles is described in detail. The synthetic work in this chapter showed great reproducibility with previous syntheses in our lab. New characterization efforts helped illuminate the physical and magnetic degradation process of SDIO nanoparticles in water and acidic solutions, intended to help guide future work into how the particles break down in vivo. Chapter 2 covers a series of cell studies that are intended as support for the potential future use of SDIO nanoparticles as an MRI contrast agent for diagnosing brain inflammation through receptor-specific uptake in activated microglia. While prior work in our lab has already shown promising results in using SDIO for this purpose in mice, several underlying questions and concerns needed to be addressed before continuing further with animal models. Firstly, possible off-target uptake by astrocytes was examined, as this could potentially cause background signal and false positives. Secondly, additional studies into the biocompatibility of SDIO nanoparticles with cortical cells were undertaken, to further assess whether the particles are a safe diagnostic tool. Chapter 3 details my personal involvement with the development and implementation of an online Introduction to Research course, under the guidance of Dr. Angelique Louie. My experiences with this course have proven incredibly valuable for personal development as I transition into my future career as a high school science teacher.
Author : Costica Caizer
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119754747
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)
Download or read book Magnetic Nanoparticles in Human Health and Medicine written by Costica Caizer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Nanoparticles in Human Health and Medicine Explores the application of magnetic nanoparticles in drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, and alternative cancer therapy Magnetic Nanoparticles in Human Health and Medicine addresses recent progress in improving diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and using non-invasive and non-toxic magnetic nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and magnetic hyperthermia. Focusing on cancer diagnosis and alternative therapy, the book covers both fundamental principles and advanced theoretical and experimental research on the magnetic properties, biocompatibilization, biofunctionalization, and application of magnetic nanoparticles in nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine. Chapters written by a panel of international specialists in the field of magnetic nanoparticles and their applications in biomedicine cover magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), MRI contrast agents, biomedical imaging, modeling and simulation, nanobiotechnology, toxicity issues, and more. Readers are provided with accurate information on the use of magnetic nanoparticles in diagnosis, drug delivery, and alternative cancer therapeutics—featuring discussion of current problems, proposed solutions, and future research directions. Topics include current applications of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in nanomedicine and alternative cancer therapy: drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, superparamagnetic hyperthermia as alternative cancer therapy, magnetic hyperthermia in clinical trials, and simulating the physics of magnetic particle heating for cancer therapy. This comprehensive volume: Covers both general research on magnetic nanoparticles in medicine and specific applications in cancer therapeutics Discusses the use of magnetic nanoparticles in alternative cancer therapy by magnetic and superparamagnetic hyperthermia Explores targeted medication delivery using magnetic nanoparticles as a future replacement of conventional techniques Reviews the use of MRI with magnetic nanoparticles to increase the diagnostic accuracy of medical imaging Magnetic Nanoparticles in Human Health and Medicine is a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of nanomagnetism, magnetic nanoparticles, nanobiomaterials, nanobioengineering, biopharmaceuticals nanobiotechnologies, nanomedicine, and biopharmaceuticals, particularly those focused on alternative cancer diagnosis and therapeutics.
Author : Pooja Chakrabarty
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (818 download)
Download or read book Gas-phase Synthesis of Gadolinium Nanoparticles for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents written by Pooja Chakrabarty and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gadolinium ions are the paramagnetic component of the most common intravenous contrast agents for medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Because gadolinium ions are toxic, these MRI contrast agents include chelating agents that bind the gadolinium ion strongly. Five such agents are FDA approved. Unfortunately, all of them are the subject of recent FDA rulings that impose new labeling requirements, due to patients with severely impaired kidneys developing a rare but potentially fatal disease called Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis, which is linked to gadolinium exposure. Pure gadolinium or gadolinium oxide nanoparticles, with proper encapsulation, may provide a safer and equally or more effective alternative to chelated gadolinium ions in this application. The High Temperature Reducing Jet (HTRJ) process is a novel flame based aerosol synthesis method that can produce metal nanoparticles with a thin carbon coating in a single step. Carbon-coated gadolinium and gadolinium oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized in this reactor system. The surface of these nanoparticles was modified with dextran and other biocompatible molecules to enable their dispersion in water and biological media. The resulting nanoconstructs were characterized by TEM, SEM/EDS, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, TGA, and DSC. Most importantly, their T1 relaxivity was measured to determine their potential for use in MRI contrast enhancement. Sensitive colorimetric chemical assays for gadolinium ions were used to monitor release of gadolinium ions. The High Temperature Reducing Jet (HTRJ) reactor system may also be able to produce low reduction potential metal nanoparticles. Magnesium-containing nanoparticles were synthesized in order to be used as a master comparison with the gadolinium-containing nanoparticles. The resulting metal and metal oxide particles were characterized by TEM, SEM/EDS, and XRD and their size, morphology, chemical composition, and stability were compared against the gadolinium nanoparticles.
Author : Juanye Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)
Download or read book Surface Modifications of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Magnetic Imaging and Diagnosis written by Juanye Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contrast agents are commonly used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for their ability to selectively highlight or darken image brightness from different tissue components depending on their chemical nature. This work explores and discusses potential of colloidal iron oxide nanoparticles as non-toxic MRI contrast agents for diagnosis. Novel single-nanometer iron oxide (SNIO) nanoparticles exhibited contrast enhancement in T1-weighted MRI superior than commercially used gadolinium-based contrast agents, with unprecedentedly fast and clean renal clearance in inorganic colloidal nanoparticles. An approach for size determination based on small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was developed, and understanding of particle size distribution led to successful development of alkyne-functionalized nanoparticles allowing for conjugation with biological cargos, creating a novel vehicle for drug delivery. SNIO-CBP, product from conjugating functionalized SNIO nanoparticles with a nature-inspired cyclic collagen-binding peptide (CBP) through newly developed preparatory copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide coupling CuAAC, exhibited binding affinity towards type I collagen, a natural indicator of fibrosis abundant in the extracellular matrix. SNIO-CBP was able to quickly detect hepatotoxin-induced and diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in mice through T1-weighted MRI upon intravenous administration. New formulations of hydrophilic iron oxide nanoparticles were explored. Tailored for quantitative ultra-short time-to-echo contrast-enhanced (QUTE-CE) MRI, catechol-coated iron oxide with 10 nm mean diameter was optimized; carboxymethyl dextran as a new ligand system was developed on SNIO and formation of nanoparticle clusters was observed, implying its potential for the emergent preclinical technique of magnetic particle imaging (MPI).
Author : Francesca Garello
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036502343
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Smart Tools for Smart Applications written by Francesca Garello and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, micro- and nanosystems with magnetic properties have been extensively investigated in many fields, ranging from physics to medicine. The research in these areas has lately shown that if the magnetic compounds are opportunely functionalized and modified with moieties and specific functional groups, a plethora of challenging multidisciplinary applications is available, including the development of magnetically controlled particles, stimuli-responsive materials, magnetically guided chemical/drug-delivery systems, sensors, spintronics, separation and purification of contaminated groundwater and soils, ferrofluids and magnetorheological fluids, contrast agents for MRI, and internal sources of heat for the thermoablation of cancer. Magnetic compounds have been found to be highly selective and effective in all these application fields, from the molecular level to the microscale. This book aims at underlining the latest advances in the field of magnetic compounds, nanosystems, and materials, covering a large variety of topics related to novel synthesis and functionalization methods and the properties, applications, and use of magnetic systems in chemistry, materials science, diagnostics, and medical therapy.
Author : Carlos F. G. C. Geraldes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781003374688
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (746 download)
Download or read book Lanthanide and Other Transition Metal Ion Complexes and Nanoparticles in Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Carlos F. G. C. Geraldes and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Since the development of the first clinical MRI contrast agent, GdDTPA or Magnevista in the early 1980s, another three linear and three macrocyclic eg. Gd DOTA Dotarema have been introduced in the clinic and inspired a huge number of researchers worldwide to perform preclinical research to obtain contrast agents for many kinds of clinical applications, which are described in this book. The most current research has been assembled here and can be used by the scientific community to continue increasing the relevance of metal-containing molecules and nanomaterials for MRI-based diagnosis and thus increase the practical use of these systems"--
Author : Carlos Bárcena
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Novel Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast Agents written by Carlos Bárcena and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles have played an increasing role in biomedical applications and have been the subject of extensive research investigations. Physical properties, including nanoparticle size, composition and surface chemistry, vary widely and influence their biological and pharmacological properties and, ultimately, their clinical applications and utilities. Among different magnetic nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) were found non-toxic and used in multiple applications including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, molecular and cellular imaging, and potential therapeutic options. Herein, a mixed spinel strategy was devised to increase the magnetization of SPIO by incorporation of non-magnetic Zn 2+ . Addition of a normal spinel (ZnFe 2 O 4) to an inverse spinel (Fe 3 O 4) results in a magnetic disorder which leads to increased magnetization. Hydrophobic Zn x Fe 1-x O Fe 2 O 3 (x = 0.34) nanoparticles encapsulated in polymeric micelles exhibited increased T 2 relaxivity and sensitivity of detection over commercially used Feridex ® sample. The superb MR relaxivity of these Zn-SPIO nanoparticles and stability of micellar carriers make them excellent candidates for in vivo MR imaging of cancer.
