Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Mglur4 As A Novel Target For Parkinsons Disease

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Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor MGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor MGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease by :

Download or read book Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor MGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons. Here we describe our progress in understanding the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) as a novel target for the treatment of PD. We have localized mGluR4 in basal ganglia structures, and explored its role in mediating the electrophysiological effects of glutamate in rat brain slices. We have explored the efficacy of mGluR drugs in relieving motor symptoms in hemiparkinsonian monkeys. We found that group III mGluRs are presynaptic on striatal-pallidal terminals and that they mediate a reduction in IPSC amplitude in the SNr. They also pre-synaptically inhibit EPSCs at the STN-SNr synapse. In this study, we have found that groups I and II mGluRs also have critical roles in regulating basal ganglia function. Group II mGluRs mediate a presynaptic reduction of EPSCs in the SNr and group II agonist LY354740 reverses catalepsy in a rodent model of PD. Pre- and Post-synaptic group I mGluRs are involved in regulation of basal ganglia output nuclei by both excitation and disinhibition. Furthermore, comprehensive characterization of the roles of mGluRs in the basal ganglia raises the possibility that they may provide targets for novel therapeutic agents for treatment of PD.

Metabotrobic Glutamate Receptor MGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis Metabotrobic Glutamate Receptor MGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease by :

Download or read book Metabotrobic Glutamate Receptor MGluR4 as a Novel Target for Parkinson's Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are associated with a loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons involved in modulation of function of the basal ganglia (BG) . This report describes our progress in understanding the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) as a novel target for the treatment of PD. Specifically, our aims are to localize mGluR4 in rat and monkey basal ganglia structures, to determine the role of this receptor vs. other subtypes in mediating the electrophysiological effects of glutamate in rat brain slices, and to determine the efficacy of drugs aimed mGluRs in relieving motor symptoms in hemi-parkinsonian monkeys. We found that group III mGluRs are presynaptic on striatal-pallidal terminals and that they mediate a reduction in IPSC amplitude in the SNr. Group III mGluRs also presynaptically inhibit EPSCs at the STN-SNr synapse. Group II mGluRs were found to mediate a presynaptic reduction of EPSCs in the SNr and group II agonist LY354740 reverses catalepsy in an animal model of PD. Furthermore, as these studies progress, the distribution and physiological roles of mGluRs in the BG raises the possibility that these receptors may provide targets for novel therapeutic agents for treatment of PD and related disorders.

Characterisation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 as a Therapeutic Target in Parkinson's Disease

Author : Elizabeth Caroline Mann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterisation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 as a Therapeutic Target in Parkinson's Disease by : Elizabeth Caroline Mann

Download or read book Characterisation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 as a Therapeutic Target in Parkinson's Disease written by Elizabeth Caroline Mann and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Characterisation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 as a Therapeutic Target in Parkinson's Disease

Author : Elizabeth Mann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterisation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 as a Therapeutic Target in Parkinson's Disease by : Elizabeth Mann

Download or read book Characterisation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 as a Therapeutic Target in Parkinson's Disease written by Elizabeth Mann and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to studies on mGluR4, some model characterisation work was also carried out. Anxiety and craving, non-motor symptoms commonly seen in PD patients, were observed in the bilateral version of the early stage rat model of PD. This could indicate that the model is useful for examining mGluR4 agonists and other potential treatments of PD more fully, in a holistic sense, rather than the traditional methods of separating out the treatment of motor and non-motor symptoms. In conclusion, a systemically-administered agonist of mGluR4 showed promise in the treatment of neurodegeneration in an early-stage model of PD in rats. This appears to have a number of underlying mechanisms including some modulation of inflammation and also transcriptional changes to genes which have been shown to affect neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. Furthermore, this agonist also has anti-Parkinsonian potential without causing dyskinesia - mGluR4 is therefore a suitable and promising target for further research in PD.

Investigating Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's Disease and Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia

Download Investigating Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's Disease and Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia PDF Online Free

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 816 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (918 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigating Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's Disease and Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia by :

Download or read book Investigating Group III Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson's Disease and Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finally, since other antiglutamatergic strategies have proven successful, we investigated mGiu4 activation as a means to inhibit L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia expression or development in rodents. While this approach was ineffective at reversing established dyskinesia there was a hint that it might be efficacious at delaying the onset of this complication that will be worth investigating further. In conclusion, targeting the mGiu4 receptor has shown some beneficial effects in relation to Parkinson's disease but much remains to be discovered about the actions of these agents both within and outside of the basal ganglia before any clear potential is revealed.

Statistics in the Paper Industry

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (254 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics in the Paper Industry by :

Download or read book Statistics in the Paper Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Neurological/Psychiatric Disorders

Author : Enza Palazzo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889458628
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Neurological/Psychiatric Disorders by : Enza Palazzo

Download or read book Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Neurological/Psychiatric Disorders written by Enza Palazzo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-06-19 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering that neurological and psychiatric illnesses do not still have efficient therapies and are becoming increasingly widespread, the search for novel targets appears fundamental. Neuroinflammation, alterations in adult neurogenesis and excitotoxicity, all associated with glutamate transmission dysfunction, are key components of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric illnesses. Counteracting the neurotoxic actions of glutamate through the modulatory actions of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), represents a rational intervention that offers tolerability compatible with clinical therapy. Their suitability as targets for developing novel therapies is also based on the fact that mGluRs are found abundantly expressed in synapses of the central nervous system (CNS) that are considered critical in certain neurological and psychiatric disorders. Moreover, recently there has been an exponential development of selective ligands, especially positive and negative allosteric modulators, which by binding to less conserved transmembrane domain sequences ensure, besides a good permeability in the CNS, an adequate selectivity for each mGluR subtype. The eBook “Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors and Neurological/Psychiatric Disorders”, collects contributes (original and review articles) on the beneficial effects of positive and negative allosteric modulators of mGluRs in animal models of neurological and psychiatric diseases from renown experts in the field. The hope is that the effort of both Editors and Contributors of this eBook confirms the unlimited potential of mGluRs in CNS diseases and generate a collaborative discussion on the state of art, overall trends, novel strategies, and future direction of this attractive field of research.

The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors

Author : P. Jeffrey Conn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475722982
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors by : P. Jeffrey Conn

Download or read book The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors written by P. Jeffrey Conn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors offers state-of-the-art summaries and reviews of virtually everything known today about metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), including their molecular biology, pharmacology, anatomical distribution, and physiological and pathological roles. Illuminating the overall role played by this crucial class of receptors in brain function, the book also pinpoints those areas in which there is the greatest continuing need for focused research. Because mGluRs have the potential for participating in virtually all known functions of the central nervous system (CNS), the opportunity now exists to develop pharmacological agents that can potentially alter many brain disease processes by selective interaction with precise CNS functions. With its critical and insightful reviews, The Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors will immediately become your essential key to the development of novel treatment strategies for the widest variety of neurological disorders.

Glial ⇔ Neuronal Signaling

Author : Glenn I. Hatton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402079368
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (793 download)

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Book Synopsis Glial ⇔ Neuronal Signaling by : Glenn I. Hatton

Download or read book Glial ⇔ Neuronal Signaling written by Glenn I. Hatton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-05-31 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glial Neuronal Signaling fills a need for a monograph/textbook to be used in advanced courses or graduate seminars aimed at exploring glial-neuronal interactions. Even experts in the field will find useful the authoritative summaries of evidence on ion channels and transporters in glia, genes involved in signaling during development, metabolic cross talk and cooperation between astrocytes and neurons, to mention but a few of the timely summaries of a wide range of glial-neuronal interactions. The chapters are written by the top researchers in the field of glial-neuronal signaling, and cover the most current advances in this field. The book will also be of value to the workers in the field of cell biology in general. When we think about the brain we usually think about neurons. Although there are 100 billion neurons in mammalian brain, these cells do not constitute a majority. Quite the contrary, glial cells and other non-neuronal cells are 10-50 times more numerous than neurons. This book is meant to integrate the emerging body of information that has been accumulating, revealing the interactive nature of the brain's two major neural cell types, neurons and glia, in brain function.

Human Drug Targets

Author : Edward D. Zanders
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111884985X
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Drug Targets by : Edward D. Zanders

Download or read book Human Drug Targets written by Edward D. Zanders and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The identification of drug targets in a given disease has been central to pharmaceutical research from the latter half of the 20th century right up to the modern genomics era. Human Drug Targets provides an essential guide to one of the most important aspects of drug discovery – the identification of suitable protein and RNA targets prior to the creation of drug development candidates. The first part of the book consists of introductory chapters that provide the background to drug target discovery and highlight the way in which these targets have been organised into online databases. It also includes a user’s guide to the list of entries that forms the bulk of the book. Since this is not designed to be a compendium of drugs, the emphasis will be on the known (or speculated) biological role of the targets and not on the issues associated with pharmaceutical development. The objective is to provide just enough information to be informative and prompt further searches, while keeping the amount of text for each of the many entries to a minimum. Human Drug Targets will prove invaluable to those drug discovery professionals, in both industry and academia, who need to make some sense of the bewildering array of online information sources on current and potential human drug targets. As well as creating order out of a complex target landscape, the book will act as an ideas generator for potentially novel targets that might form the basis of future discovery projects.

The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle

Author : Arne Schousboe
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319450964
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle by : Arne Schousboe

Download or read book The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle written by Arne Schousboe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental biochemical studies of basic brain metabolism focusing on the neuroactive amino acids glutamate and GABA combined with the seminal observation that one of the key enzymes, glutamine synthetase is localized in astroglial cells but not in neurons resulted in the formulation of the term “The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle.” In this cycle glutamate released from neurons is taken up by surrounding astrocytes, amidated by the action of glutamine synthetase to glutamine which can be transferred back to the neurons. The conversion of glutamate to glutamine is like a stealth technology, hiding the glutamate molecule which would be highly toxic to neurons due to its excitotoxic action. This series of reactions require the concerted and precise interaction of a number of enzymes and plasma membrane transporters, and this volume provides in-depth descriptions of these processes. Obviously such a series of complicated reactions may well be prone to malfunction and therefore neurological diseases are likely to be associated with such malfunction of the enzymes and transporters involved in the cycle. These aspects are also discussed in several chapters of the book. A number of leading experts in neuroscience including intermediary metabolism, enzymology and transporter physiology have contributed to this book which provides comprehensive discussions of these different aspects of the functional importance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle coupling homeostasis of glutamatergic, excitatory neurotransmission to basic aspects of brain energy metabolism. This book will be of particular importance for students as well as professionals interested in these fundamental processes involved in brain function and dysfunction.

Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2)

Author : Hardy J. Rideout
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319499696
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) by : Hardy J. Rideout

Download or read book Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) written by Hardy J. Rideout and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to assemble the leading researchers in the field of LRRK2 biology and neurology and provide a snapshot of the current state of knowledge, encompassing all major aspects of its function and dysfunction. The contributors are experts in cell biology and physiology, neurobiology, and medicinal chemistry, bringing a multidisciplinary perspective on the gene and its role in disease. The book covers the identification of LRRK2 as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. It also discusses the current state of the field after a decade of research, putative normal physiological roles of LRRK2, and the various pathways that have been identified in the search for the mechanism(s) of its induction of neurodegeneration.

Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition

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Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1481654551
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (816 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition by :

Download or read book Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-07-22 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Diagnosis and Screening. The editors have built Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Diagnosis and Screening in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Practical Psychopharmacology

Author : Joseph F. Goldberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108450741
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Psychopharmacology by : Joseph F. Goldberg

Download or read book Practical Psychopharmacology written by Joseph F. Goldberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide translating clinical trials findings, across major psychiatric disorders, to devise tailored, evidence-based treatments.

Basal Ganglia and Thalamus in Health and Movement Disorders

Author : Kristy Kultas-Ilinsky
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461512352
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Basal Ganglia and Thalamus in Health and Movement Disorders by : Kristy Kultas-Ilinsky

Download or read book Basal Ganglia and Thalamus in Health and Movement Disorders written by Kristy Kultas-Ilinsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is comprised of the majority of lecture presentations and a few select posters presented at the International Workshop, "Basal Ganglia and Thalamus in Health and Movement Disorders," held in Moscow, Russia, on May 29-31, 2000. The International Committee responsible for organizing this workshop included Alexander Konovalov, Director, Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Mahlon DeLong, Chair, Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA, Alim Louis Benabid, Chief, Neurosurgery Service, University of Joseph Fourrier, Grenoble, France, and the two undersigned. The workshop was conceived out of a desire to provide a forum for discussions of both basal ganglia-and motor thalamus-related issues by bringing together basic scientists and clinicians representing different disciplines, research directions, and philosophies. The primary goals were to encourage an exchange of information and ideas in an informal environment, to stimulate integration of the data from different disciplines, and to identifY controversial issues and the most essential questions to be addressed in future research.

Neural Mechanisms of Addiction

Author : Mary Torregrossa
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128123311
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms of Addiction by : Mary Torregrossa

Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Addiction written by Mary Torregrossa and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-24 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural Mechanisms of Addiction is the only book available that synthesizes the latest research in the field into a single, accessible resource covering all aspects of how addiction develops and persists in the brain. The book summarizes our most recent understanding on the neural mechanisms underlying addiction. It also examines numerous biobehavioral aspects of addiction disorders, such as reinforcement learning, reward, cognitive dysfunction, stress, and sleep and circadian rhythms that are not covered in any other publication. Readers with find the most up-to-date information on which to build a foundation for their future research in this expanding field. Combining chapters from leading researchers and thought leaders, this book is an indispensable guide for students and investigators engaged in addiction research. Transcends multiple neural, neurochemical and behavioral domains Summarizes advances in the field of addiction research since the advent of optogenetics Discusses the most current, leading theories of addiction, including molecular mechanisms and dopamine mechanisms

Introduction to Neuropsychopharmacology

Author : Leslie Iversen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195380533
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Neuropsychopharmacology by : Leslie Iversen

Download or read book Introduction to Neuropsychopharmacology written by Leslie Iversen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text ranges from drugs that affect the mood and behavior to hypnotics, narcotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics, as well as a variety of drugs that affect the autonomic nervous system and psychoactive drugs used for non-medical reasons - nicotine, alcohol, opiates, psychostimulants and cannabis."--BOOK JACKET.