Mental Health And Emerging Adulthood Among Homeless Young People

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Mental Health and Emerging Adulthood among Homeless Young People

Author : Les B. Whitbeck
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136910840
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Health and Emerging Adulthood among Homeless Young People by : Les B. Whitbeck

Download or read book Mental Health and Emerging Adulthood among Homeless Young People written by Les B. Whitbeck and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens to homeless and runaway adolescents when they become adults? This is the first study that follows homeless youth into young adulthood and reviews the mental health consequences of runaway episodes and street life. The adolescents were interviewed every three months for three years from their mid teens to their early twenties. The study documents the psychological consequences associated with becoming adults when missing the critical developmental tasks of adolescence. The authors report high levels of psychological problems associated with victimization prior to and after running away. These victimization experiences shape the behaviors of these young people, affecting their relationships with others and their chances of conventional adjustment. Across time, the more successful their adaptation to street life and the street economy, the more barriers to conventional adult life emerge. The distress, including self-mutilation and suicidal behaviors, among this population is examined, as well as the impact street life has on future relationships, education, and employment. Nutritional and health problems are also explored, along with the social and economic impact of this population on society. As such, the book provides insight about why the current prevention and treatment programs are failing in an effort to help policy makers modify approaches to adolescent runaways. Intended as a supplementary text for undergraduate and/or graduate courses on homelessness, high risk youth, social deviance, adolescence and/or emerging adulthood taught in departments of psychology, human development, sociology, social work, and public health, this compelling book will also appeal to anyone who works with homeless adolescents.

Nowhere to Grow

Author : Les B. Whitbeck
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351502719
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Nowhere to Grow by : Les B. Whitbeck

Download or read book Nowhere to Grow written by Les B. Whitbeck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les B. Whitbeck and Dan R. Hoyt begin their report on street children in the Midwest with the statement, "If you live in or have visited even a medium-sized city recently, you have seen runaway and homeless young people. They congregate in certain downtown areas and hang out in malls during inclement weather . . . Mostly, they look like the other kids. . . . The difference is that they won't be going home tonight."This book draws on a study of over six hundred runaway and homeless adolescents and over two hundred of their caretakers from cities in four Midwestern states. It focuses on the family histories of these young people and on the developmental impact of early independence. Street social networks, subsistence strategies, sexuality, and street victimization are all considered, as well as their effect on adolescent behaviors and emotional health.Relying on interviews and data from survey research, and working in partnership with street outreach agencies, Whitbeck and Hoyt lead the reader through the various risk factors associated with precocious independence, beginning in the family and extending to external environments and behaviors. Nowhere to Grow is an emotional account of the cumulative consequences for young people with few good options at the outset and even fewer once they are on their own.

Nowhere to Grow

Author : Les B. Whitbeck
Publisher : Aldine De Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 9780202305837
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Nowhere to Grow by : Les B. Whitbeck

Download or read book Nowhere to Grow written by Les B. Whitbeck and published by Aldine De Gruyter. This book was released on 1999 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les B. Whitbeck and Dan R. Hoyt begin their report on street children in the Midwest with the statement, "If you live in or have visited even a medium-sized city recently, you have seen runaway and homeless young people. They congregate in certain downtown areas and hang out in malls during inclement weather . . . Mostly, they look like the other kids. . . . The difference is that they won't be going home tonight." This book draws on a study of over six hundred runaway and homeless adolescents and over two hundred of their caretakers from cities in four Midwestern states. It focuses on the family histories of these young people and on the developmental impact of early independence. Street social networks, subsistence strategies, sexuality, and street victimization are all considered, as well as their effect on adolescent behaviors and emotional health. Relying on interviews and data from survey research, and working in partnership with street outreach agencies, Whitbeck and Hoyt lead the reader through the various risk factors associated with precocious independence, beginning in the family and extending to external environments and behaviors. Nowhere to Grow is an emotional account of the cumulative consequences for young people with few good options at the outset and even fewer once they are on their own.

The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth

Author : Doug Magnuson
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190624930
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth by : Doug Magnuson

Download or read book The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth written by Doug Magnuson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Experience of Emerging Adulthood among Street-Involved Youth tells the story of young people who were street-involved from their early to mid-teens into their 20s, particularly their experiences of emerging adulthood while struggling towards young adulthood and independence. These youth experienced emerging and early adulthood earlier than other youth while living independently of guardians, detached from formal education, and working in the underground economy. After leaving their guardians they were choosing how to be different than their family, learning to cope with instability, enjoying and protecting their independence, and they experienced some satisfaction with their ability to manage. As one youth stated, "away from my family, I learned that I was not stupid." Their success was facilitated by harm-reduction services, like access to shelter and food, that gave them time to experiment with living independently and to practice being responsible for themselves and others. Later they begin to prefer non-street identities, and they began to think about their desires for the future; the distance between their current lives and those aspirations was the experience of feeling "in-between," and progress toward their aspirations was often complicated by past experiences of trauma, current experiences of exclusion, coping with substances, and the mismatch between their needs and available services"--

Mental Health and Emerging Adulthood among Homeless Young People

Author : Les B. Whitbeck
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136910832
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Health and Emerging Adulthood among Homeless Young People by : Les B. Whitbeck

Download or read book Mental Health and Emerging Adulthood among Homeless Young People written by Les B. Whitbeck and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens to homeless and runaway adolescents when they become adults? This is the first study that follows homeless youth into young adulthood and reviews the mental health consequences of runaway episodes and street life. The adolescents were interviewed every three months for three years from their mid teens to their early twenties. The study documents the psychological consequences associated with becoming adults when missing the critical developmental tasks of adolescence. The authors report high levels of psychological problems associated with victimization prior to and after running away. These victimization experiences shape the behaviors of these young people, affecting their relationships with others and their chances of conventional adjustment. Across time, the more successful their adaptation to street life and the street economy, the more barriers to conventional adult life emerge. The distress, including self-mutilation and suicidal behaviors, among this population is examined, as well as the impact street life has on future relationships, education, and employment. Nutritional and health problems are also explored, along with the social and economic impact of this population on society. As such, the book provides insight about why the current prevention and treatment programs are failing in an effort to help policy makers modify approaches to adolescent runaways. Intended as a supplementary text for undergraduate and/or graduate courses on homelessness, high risk youth, social deviance, adolescence and/or emerging adulthood taught in departments of psychology, human development, sociology, social work, and public health, this compelling book will also appeal to anyone who works with homeless adolescents.

The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood

Author : Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
Publisher : Oxford Library of Psychology
ISBN 13 : 0199795576
Total Pages : 657 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood by : Jeffrey Jensen Arnett

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood written by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett and published by Oxford Library of Psychology. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen years ago, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett proposed emerging adulthood as a new life stage at ages 18-29, one distinct from both the adolescence that precedes it and the young adulthood that eventually follows. Rather than marrying and becoming parents in their early 20s, most people in developed countries now postpone these transitions until at least their late 20s, spending these years in self-focused explorations as they try out different possibilities in their education, careers, and relationships. Since Arnett proposed his theory of emerging adulthood in 2000, it has turned into a full-fledged academic field, and the ideas have been applied in practical areas as well, such as mental health and education. The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood brings together for the first time the wealth of theory and research that has developed in this new and burgeoning field. It includes chapters by many prominent scholars on a wide range of topics, such as brain development, relations with friends, relations with parents, expectations for marriage, sexual relationships, media use, substance use and abuse, and resilience. The chapters both summarize the existing research and point the way to new prospects for research in the years to come.

Improving the Health, Safety, and Well-Being of Young Adults

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309285658
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving the Health, Safety, and Well-Being of Young Adults by : National Research Council

Download or read book Improving the Health, Safety, and Well-Being of Young Adults written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-09-27 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young adults are at a significant and pivotal time of life. They may seek higher education, launch their work lives, develop personal relationships and healthy habits, and pursue other endeavors that help set them on healthy and productive pathways. However, the transition to adulthood also can be a time of increased vulnerability and risk. Young adults may be unemployed and homeless, lack access to health care, suffer from mental health issues or other chronic health conditions, or engage in binge drinking, illicit drug use, or driving under the influence. Young adults are moving out of the services and systems that supported them as children and adolescents, but adult services and systems--for example, the adult health care system, the labor market, and the justice system--may not be well suited to supporting their needs. Improving the Health, Safety, and Well-Being of Young Adults is the summary of a workshop hosted by the Board on Children, Youth, and Families of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the National Research Council (NRC) in May, 2013. More than 250 researchers, practitioners, policy makers, and young adults presented and discussed research on the development, health, safety, and well-being of young adults. This report focuses on the developmental characteristics and attributes of this age group and its placement in the life course; how well young adults function across relevant sectors, including, for example, health and mental health, education, labor, justice, military, and foster care; and how the various sectors that intersect with young adults influence their health and well-being. Improving the Health, Safety, and Well-Being of Young Adults provides an overview of existing research and identifies research gaps and issues that deserve more intensive study. It also is meant to start a conversation aimed at a larger IOM/NRC effort to guide research, practices, and policies affecting young adults.

Runaway and Homeless Youth

Author : Stephen J. Morewitz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319308637
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Runaway and Homeless Youth by : Stephen J. Morewitz

Download or read book Runaway and Homeless Youth written by Stephen J. Morewitz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This straightforward reference surveys the knowledge base on homeless, runaway, and thrown-away children and adolescents and makes concrete recommendations for policy and practice. It is a comprehensive volume, that covers new state legislation in the U.S. dealing with runaway and homeless youth. The book’s ecological approach grounds readers in the demographics of this diverse population, family and other risk factors for leaving home (and alternative arrangements such as foster care), and the survival skills homeless young people use to sustain themselves. Chapters cover a gamut of physical, psychological, and social problems, from drug abuse to depression to STIs, with special attention paid to the multiple difficulties faced by LGBT street youth and street youths’ experiences with the legal and justice systems. The author also assesses established and emerging interventions used with runaway youth, and the effectiveness of policy initiatives dealing with improving conditions for youth on the streets and at risk. Included in the coverage: · Runaway youth at the time of their disappearance. · Food insecurity and related problems among homeless and runaway youth. · Substance use among homeless and runaway adolescents. · Runaway and homeless sexual minorities. · Court responses to runaway offenses and other juvenile status violations. · Street youth in different countries. Presenting the complex situation as it stands, and with clear suggestions for action, Runaway and Homeless Youth is a valuable resource for family therapists, sociologists, social workers, school administrators, health professionals, police, judges, and other criminal justice professional, along with professionals involved in young people’s well-being and policy-making initiatives.

The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth

Author : MAGNUSON.
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780190624958
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (249 download)

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Book Synopsis The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth by : MAGNUSON.

Download or read book The Experience of Emerging Adulthood Among Street-Involved Youth written by MAGNUSON. and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Experience of Emerging Adulthood among Street-Involved Youth tells the story of young people who were street-involved from their early to mid-teens into their 20s, particularly their experiences of emerging adulthood while struggling towards young adulthood and independence. These youth experienced emerging and early adulthood earlier than other youth while living independently of guardians, detached from formal education, and working in the underground economy. After leaving their guardians they were choosing how to be different than their family, learning to cope with instability, enjoying and protecting their independence, and they experienced some satisfaction with their ability to manage. As one youth stated, "away from my family, I learned that I was not stupid." Their success was facilitated by harm-reduction services, like access to shelter and food, that gave them time to experiment with living independently and to practice being responsible for themselves and others. Later they begin to prefer non-street identities, and they began to think about their desires for the future; the distance between their current lives and those aspirations was the experience of feeling "in-between," and progress toward their aspirations was often complicated by past experiences of trauma, current experiences of exclusion, coping with substances, and the mismatch between their needs and available services"--

On Your Own without a Net

Author : D. Wayne Osgood
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226637859
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis On Your Own without a Net by : D. Wayne Osgood

Download or read book On Your Own without a Net written by D. Wayne Osgood and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the decade after high school, young people continue to rely on their families in many ways-sometimes for financial support, sometimes for help with childcare, and sometimes for continued shelter. But what about those young people who confront special difficulties during this period, many of whom can count on little help from their families? On Your Own Without a Net documents the special challenges facing seven vulnerable populations during the transition to adulthood: former foster care youth, youth formerly involved in the juvenile justice system, youth in the criminal justice system, runaway and homeless youth, former special education students, young people in the mental health system, and youth with physical disabilities. During adolescence, government programs have been a major part of their lives, yet eligibility for most programs typically ends between the ages of eighteen and twenty-one. This critical volume shows the unfortunate repercussions of this termination of support and points out the issues that must be addressed to improve these young people's chances of becoming successful adults.

Homelessness, Health, and Human Needs

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309038324
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Homelessness, Health, and Human Needs by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Homelessness, Health, and Human Needs written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have always been homeless people in the United States, but their plight has only recently stirred widespread public reaction and concern. Part of this new recognition stems from the problem's prevalence: the number of homeless individuals, while hard to pin down exactly, is rising. In light of this, Congress asked the Institute of Medicine to find out whether existing health care programs were ignoring the homeless or delivering care to them inefficiently. This book is the report prepared by a committee of experts who examined these problems through visits to city slums and impoverished rural areas, and through an analysis of papers written by leading scholars in the field.

The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood

Author : Jeffrey Jensen Arnett
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199795614
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood by : Jeffrey Jensen Arnett

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood written by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-30 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, the lives of people in their late teens and twenties have changed so dramatically that a new stage of life has developed. In an original paper published in 2000, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett identified this period, coining it "emerging adulthood," and he distinguished it from both the adolescence that precedes it and the young adulthood that comes in its wake. His new paradigm received a surge of scholarly attention after his first book on the topic launched the field, and both a flourishing society and journal developed to further expand this area of research. Studies and publications on emerging adulthood now abound, and the leading research has yet to be organized into a single handbook that covers the field. The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood is the first and only comprehensive compilation spanning the field of emerging adulthood. Expertly edited by Arnett, this Handbook is comprised of cutting-edge chapters written by leading scholars in developmental psychology. Topics include theoretical perspectives and structural influences in the field; cognitive development during emerging adulthood; family, friendship, and romantic relationships; sexual identity and orientation; education and work; leisure and media use; mental health; religious and political beliefs; positive development; and substance abuse and crime, to name a few. Sure to be the definitive resource for researchers, scholars, and students studying emerging adulthood, this Handbook will pave the way for new scholarship in this expanding area of inquiry and serve as an excellent resource for the wider field of developmental psychology.

Homelessness and Mental Health

Author : João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019884266X
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Homelessness and Mental Health by : João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia

Download or read book Homelessness and Mental Health written by João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whilst the number of people currently experiencing homelessness cannot be precisely estimated due to varying definitions across countries and cultures, the link between homelessness and mental health disorders is undeniable. Both are strongly affected by social and economic determinants such as poverty, migration, unemployment, access to healthcare, and urbanization and, as a result, providing optimal care in the community requires understanding of the cultural context. Part of the Oxford Cultural Psychiatry series, this unique resource provides an overview of the connection between homelessness and mental health around the globe. Over 27 chapters it offers up-to-date research and policy evidence with an emphasis on developing models of social care and rehabilitation at a local level that enable easy access to mental health services. Written and edited by experts drawn from different cultural and geographical perspectives, this unique resource covers key topics such as COVID-19, dental issues, and chronic pain, the experiences of specific vulnerable groups, as well as case studies from specific countries.

Permanent Supportive Housing

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309477077
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Permanent Supportive Housing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Permanent Supportive Housing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-07-11 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic homelessness is a highly complex social problem of national importance. The problem has elicited a variety of societal and public policy responses over the years, concomitant with fluctuations in the economy and changes in the demographics of and attitudes toward poor and disenfranchised citizens. In recent decades, federal agencies, nonprofit organizations, and the philanthropic community have worked hard to develop and implement programs to solve the challenges of homelessness, and progress has been made. However, much more remains to be done. Importantly, the results of various efforts, and especially the efforts to reduce homelessness among veterans in recent years, have shown that the problem of homelessness can be successfully addressed. Although a number of programs have been developed to meet the needs of persons experiencing homelessness, this report focuses on one particular type of intervention: permanent supportive housing (PSH). Permanent Supportive Housing focuses on the impact of PSH on health care outcomes and its cost-effectiveness. The report also addresses policy and program barriers that affect the ability to bring the PSH and other housing models to scale to address housing and health care needs.

Youth Without Family to Lean On

Author : Moshe Israelashvili
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000634167
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Youth Without Family to Lean On by : Moshe Israelashvili

Download or read book Youth Without Family to Lean On written by Moshe Israelashvili and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Youth Without Family to Lean On draws together interdisciplinary, global perspectives to provide a comprehensive review of the characteristics, dynamics, and development of youth (aged 15–25) who have no family to lean on, either practically or psychologically. In this timely volume, Mozes and Israelashvili bring together leading international experts to present updated knowledge, information on existing interventions, and unanswered questions in relation to youth without family to lean on, in pursuit of fostering these youth’s positive development. The various chapters in this book include discussions on different topics such as social support, developing a sense of belonging, parental involvement, and internalized vs. externalized problems; on populations, including homeless youth, residential care-leavers, refugees, asylum-seekers, young women coming from vulnerable families, and school dropouts; and interventions to promote these youths' mentoring relationships, labor market attainment, out-of-home living placements, use of IT communication, and participation in community-based programs. Additionally, various problems and challenges are presented and elaborated on, such as: Who needs support? Who is qualified to provide support? How should related interventions be developed? The book takes a preventive approach and aims to emphasize steps that can be taken in order to promote young people’s positive development in spite of the absence of a family to rely on in their life and examines the best practices in this context, as well as the international lessons that deserve further dissemination and exploration. This book is essential reading for those in psychology, sociology, public health, social work, law, criminology, public policy, economics, and education and is highly enriching for scholars and practitioners, as well as higher education students, who wish to understand and help the gradually increasing number of youth who are forced, too early, to manage their life alone.

Moving Out, Moving On

Author : Shelley Mallett
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135188807
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Moving Out, Moving On by : Shelley Mallett

Download or read book Moving Out, Moving On written by Shelley Mallett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-04 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on rich interview data drawn from a large scale longitudinal study of homeless young people, this book examines the personal, familial and structural factors that impact on homeless young people’s long-term outcomes. While telling the personal stories of young people’s experiences, the book refers to the wider research and policy literature on youth homelessness, engaging with key debates about the causes and meanings of homelessness in western societies. The book addresses important issues such as employment and education, engagement with services, social support, connection to family and friends, as well as personal factors including physical and mental health, sexual practices and drug use. Homeless young people are typically portrayed as leading chaotic, risky lives, trapped in a downward spiral of drug use, mental and other health problems, and long-term homelessness. By giving voice to young homeless people, this book challenges this stereotype and demonstrates young people's capacity to move out of homelessness and make satisfactory lives for themselves. Research findings are positioned in the context of a broad, international literature on youth homelessness and is important reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students of psychology, sociology, youth and social work as well as researchers, policy makers and service providers in all western cultures.

Challenges in Adolescent Health Care

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309179971
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenges in Adolescent Health Care by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Challenges in Adolescent Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-12 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several positive and negative lifelong behaviors are established during adolescence including diet and exercise, sexual conduct, practices related to oral health, smoking, drinking, and the use if legal and illegal substances. The complex issues that adolescents deal with on a daily basis can turn into health problems that persist throughout adulthood. Unfortunately the adolescents who are frequently the most disconnected from routine health care services - those who lack insurance and family support - are often those at greatest risk for multiple and chronic health problems. Therefore, those that are responsible for delivering health care services to adolescents must address the health conditions that require immediate attention while preparing young people to adopt practices that can help improve their future health status and prevent unhealthy behaviors. Challenges in Adolescent Health Care studies adolescent health care in the United States, highlights critical health care needs, and identifies service models and components of care that may strengthen and improve health care services, settings, and systems for adolescents. The book explores the nature of adolescent challenges and how they reflect larger societal issues such as poverty, crime and the prevalence of violence. These issues, in addition to lack of comprehensive health coverage, dysfunctional families and the lack of support systems, make providing adequate health care incredibly challenging. Challenges in Adolescent Health Care defines high-quality health care, identifies the strengths and weaknesses of various service models and explores various training programs. The book recommends that health care providers must be sensitive to socioeconomic factors and incorporate health care in a broad array of settings including schools, neighborhoods and community centers.