Medical Experimentation

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Against Their Will

Author : Allen M. Hornblum
Publisher : St. Martin's Press
ISBN 13 : 1137363452
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Against Their Will by : Allen M. Hornblum

Download or read book Against Their Will written by Allen M. Hornblum and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2013-06-25 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Cold War, an alliance between American scientists, pharmaceutical companies, and the US military pushed the medical establishment into ethically fraught territory. Doctors and scientists at prestigious institutions were pressured to produce medical advances to compete with the perceived threats coming from the Soviet Union. In Against Their Will, authors Allen Hornblum, Judith Newman, and Gregory Dober reveal the little-known history of unethical and dangerous medical experimentation on children in the United States. Through rare interviews and the personal correspondence of renowned medical investigators, they document how children—both normal and those termed "feebleminded"—from infants to teenagers, became human research subjects in terrifying experiments. They were drafted as "volunteers" to test vaccines, doused with ringworm, subjected to electric shock, and given lobotomies. They were also fed radioactive isotopes and exposed to chemical warfare agents. This groundbreaking book shows how institutional superintendents influenced by eugenics often turned these children over to scientific researchers without a second thought. Based on years of archival work and numerous interviews with both scientific researchers and former test subjects, this is a fascinating and disturbing look at the dark underbelly of American medical history.

Medical Apartheid

Author : Harriet A. Washington
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 076791547X
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (679 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Apartheid by : Harriet A. Washington

Download or read book Medical Apartheid written by Harriet A. Washington and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD WINNER • The first full history of Black America’s shocking mistreatment as unwilling and unwitting experimental subjects at the hands of the medical establishment. No one concerned with issues of public health and racial justice can afford not to read this masterful book. "[Washington] has unearthed a shocking amount of information and shaped it into a riveting, carefully documented book." —New York Times From the era of slavery to the present day, starting with the earliest encounters between Black Americans and Western medical researchers and the racist pseudoscience that resulted, Medical Apartheid details the ways both slaves and freedmen were used in hospitals for experiments conducted without their knowledge—a tradition that continues today within some black populations. It reveals how Blacks have historically been prey to grave-robbing as well as unauthorized autopsies and dissections. Moving into the twentieth century, it shows how the pseudoscience of eugenics and social Darwinism was used to justify experimental exploitation and shoddy medical treatment of Blacks. Shocking new details about the government’s notorious Tuskegee experiment are revealed, as are similar, less-well-known medical atrocities conducted by the government, the armed forces, prisons, and private institutions. The product of years of prodigious research into medical journals and experimental reports long undisturbed, Medical Apartheid reveals the hidden underbelly of scientific research and makes possible, for the first time, an understanding of the roots of the African American health deficit. At last, it provides the fullest possible context for comprehending the behavioral fallout that has caused Black Americans to view researchers—and indeed the whole medical establishment—with such deep distrust.

Medical Experimentation

Author : Charles Fried
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190602724
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Experimentation by : Charles Fried

Download or read book Medical Experimentation written by Charles Fried and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Charles Fried's 'Medical Experimentation' includes a general introduction by Franklin Miller and the late Alan Wertheimer, a reprint of the 1974 text, an in-depth analysis by Harvard Law School scholars I. Glenn Cohen and D. James Greiner, and a new essay by Fried reflecting on the original text and how it applies to the contemporary landscape of medicine and medical experimentation.

For the Good of Mankind?

Author : Vicki Oransky Wittenstein
Publisher : Twenty-First Century Books
ISBN 13 : 1467706590
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (677 download)

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Book Synopsis For the Good of Mankind? by : Vicki Oransky Wittenstein

Download or read book For the Good of Mankind? written by Vicki Oransky Wittenstein and published by Twenty-First Century Books. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiment: A child is deliberately infected with the deadly smallpox disease without his parents' informed consent. Result: The world's first vaccine. Experiment: A slave woman is forced to undergo more than thirty operations without anesthesia. Result: The beginnings of modern gynecology. Incidents like these paved the way for crucial, lifesaving medical discoveries. But they also harmed and humiliated their test subjects, many of whom did not agree to the experiments in the first place. How do doctors balance the need to test new medicines and procedures with their ethical duty to protect the rights of human subjects? Take a harrowing journey through some of history's greatest medical advances?and its most horrifying medical atrocities?to discover how human suffering has gone hand in hand with medical advancement.

Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309145449
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-09-16 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collaborations of physicians and researchers with industry can provide valuable benefits to society, particularly in the translation of basic scientific discoveries to new therapies and products. Recent reports and news stories have, however, documented disturbing examples of relationships and practices that put at risk the integrity of medical research, the objectivity of professional education, the quality of patient care, the soundness of clinical practice guidelines, and the public's trust in medicine. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice provides a comprehensive look at conflict of interest in medicine. It offers principles to inform the design of policies to identify, limit, and manage conflicts of interest without damaging constructive collaboration with industry. It calls for both short-term actions and long-term commitments by institutions and individuals, including leaders of academic medical centers, professional societies, patient advocacy groups, government agencies, and drug, device, and pharmaceutical companies. Failure of the medical community to take convincing action on conflicts of interest invites additional legislative or regulatory measures that may be overly broad or unduly burdensome. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice makes several recommendations for strengthening conflict of interest policies and curbing relationships that create risks with little benefit. The book will serve as an invaluable resource for individuals and organizations committed to high ethical standards in all realms of medicine.

Human Medical Experimentation

Author : Frances R. Frankenburg MD
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1610698983
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Medical Experimentation by : Frances R. Frankenburg MD

Download or read book Human Medical Experimentation written by Frances R. Frankenburg MD and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2017-01-16 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended for students and general readers alike, this encyclopedia covers the history of human medical experimentation, for better and worse, from the time of Hippocrates to the present. Thanks to medical experiments performed on human subjects, we now have vaccines against smallpox, rabies, and polio. Yet the advances that saved lives too often involved the exploitation of vulnerable populations. Covering the history of human medical experimentation from the time of Hippocrates to today, this work will introduce readers to the topic through a mixture of essays and ready-reference materials. The book covers the experiments themselves; the people, companies, and government agencies that carried them out; the relevant medical and sociopolitical background; and the legislation and other protective measures that arose as a result. The encyclopedia is divided chronologically into 6 periods: pre-19th century, the 19th century, the pre-World War II 20th century, the World War II era, the Cold War era, and the post-Cold War period to recent times. Each period begins with an introductory essay and ends with a bibliography. Alphabetically arranged entries in each section cover pertinent people, experiments, and topics. The volume is enriched throughout with a wealth of primary sources, such as physicians' descriptions of their experiments. Medical experiments are not just a thing of the past, and readers will also learn about questions and debates related to contemporary efforts to advance medical science.

Who Goes First?

Author : Lawrence K. Altman
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520340477
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Who Goes First? by : Lawrence K. Altman

Download or read book Who Goes First? written by Lawrence K. Altman and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lawrence Altman has authored the only complete history of the controversial and understudied practice of self-experimentation. In telling the stories of pioneering researchers, Altman offers a history of many of the most important medical advancements in recent years as well as centuries past—from anesthesia to yellow fever to heart disease. With a new preface, he brings readers up to date and continues his discussion of the ethics and controversy that continue to surround a practice that benefits millions but is understood by few.

Evidence, Ethos and Experiment

Author : P. Wenzel Geissler
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 085745093X
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (574 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence, Ethos and Experiment by : P. Wenzel Geissler

Download or read book Evidence, Ethos and Experiment written by P. Wenzel Geissler and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical research has been central to biomedicine in Africa for over a century, and Africa, along with other tropical areas, has been crucial to the development of medical science. At present, study populations in Africa participate in an increasing number of medical research projects and clinical trials, run by both public institutions and private companies. Global debates about the politics and ethics of this research are growing and local concerns are prompting calls for social studies of the "trial communities" produced by this scientific work. Drawing on rich, ethnographic and historiographic material, this volume represents the emergent field of anthropological inquiry that links Africanist ethnography to recent concerns with science, the state, and the culture of late capitalism in Africa.

Undue Risk

Author : Jonathan D. Moreno
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136605568
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Undue Risk by : Jonathan D. Moreno

Download or read book Undue Risk written by Jonathan D. Moreno and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the courtrooms of Nuremberg to the battlefields of the Gulf War, Undue Risk exposes a variety of government policies and specific cases, includingplutonium injections to unwilling hospital patients, and even the attempted recruitment of Nazi medical scientists bythe U.S. government after World War II.

The Abuse of Man

Author : Wolfgang Weyers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 784 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis The Abuse of Man by : Wolfgang Weyers

Download or read book The Abuse of Man written by Wolfgang Weyers and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unfortunately, as Weyers notes, these issues came about because "for most of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries unethical experiments on humans were performed with hardly any resistance." He details a shameful list ranging from injections of potentially fatal drugs into orphans and the mentally ill during the 19th century to experiments on children performed well into the 1960s. Richly illustrated with photographs of the many doctors who were involved in dubious experiments, the book is a virtual "murderer's row" of horror. What remains most shocking are Weyers's many examples of unethical physicians who got away scot-free, such as those involved in the infamous Tuskegee syphilis study as well as the defendants at the lesser-known "second" Nuremberg Trial-the "Doctors' Trial" of 20 physicians who had participated in medical experiments during World War II.

Nazi Medicine and the Nuremberg Trials

Author : P. Weindling
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230506054
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Nazi Medicine and the Nuremberg Trials by : P. Weindling

Download or read book Nazi Medicine and the Nuremberg Trials written by P. Weindling and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-10-29 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a radically new and definitive reappraisal of Allied responses to Nazi human experiments and the origins of informed consent. It places the victims and Allied Medical Intelligence officers at centre stage, while providing a full reconstruction of policies on war crimes and trials related to Nazi medical atrocities and genocide.

Acres of Skin

Author : Allen M. Hornblum
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134001649
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Acres of Skin by : Allen M. Hornblum

Download or read book Acres of Skin written by Allen M. Hornblum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time of increased interest and renewed shock over the Tuskegee syphilis experiments, Acres of Skin sheds light on yet another dark episode of American medical history. In this disturbing expose, Allen M. Hornblum tells the story of Philadelphia's Holmesburg Prison.

Experimentation with Human Beings

Author : Jay Katz
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448340
Total Pages : 1210 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimentation with Human Beings by : Jay Katz

Download or read book Experimentation with Human Beings written by Jay Katz and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1972-07-24 with total page 1210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, increasing concern has been voiced about the nature and extent of human experimentation and its impact on the investigator, subject, science, and society. This casebook represents the first attempt to provide comprehensive materials for studying the human experimentation process. Through case studies from medicine, biology, psychology, sociology, and law—as well as evaluative materials from many other disciplines—Dr. Katz examines the problems raised by human experimentation from the vantage points of each of its major participants—investigator, subject, professions, and state. He analyzes what kinds of authority should be delegated to these participants in the formulation, administration, and review of the human experimentation process. Alternative proposals, from allowing investigators a completely free hand to imposing centralized governmental control, are examined from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The conceptual framework of Experimentation with Human Beings is designed to facilitate not only the analysis of such concepts as "harm," "benefit," and "informed consent," but also the exploration of the problems raised by man's quest for knowledge and mastery, his willingness to risk human life, and his readiness to delegate authority to professionals and rely on their judgment.

Subjected to Science

Author : Susan E. Lederer
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801857096
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Subjected to Science by : Susan E. Lederer

Download or read book Subjected to Science written by Susan E. Lederer and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 1997-11-07 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Susan Lederer provides the first full-length history of early biomedical research with human subjects. Lederer offers detailed accounts of experiments conducted on both healthy and unhealthy men, women, and children, during the period from 1890 to 1940, including yellow fever experiments, Udo Wile's "dental drill" experiments on insane patients, and Hideyo Noguchi's syphilis experiments.

The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code

Author : George J. Annas
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780195101065
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code by : George J. Annas

Download or read book The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code written by George J. Annas and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important new work surveys the source and ramifications of the famed Nuremburg Code -- recognized around the world as one of the cornerstones of modern bioethics.

Medical Research for Hire

Author : Jill A. Fisher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Medical Research for Hire by : Jill A. Fisher

Download or read book Medical Research for Hire written by Jill A. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, more than 75 percent of pharmaceutical drug trials in the United States are being conducted in the private sector. Once the sole province of academic researchers, these important studies are now being outsourced to non-academic physicians. According to Jill A. Fisher, this major change in the way medical research is performed is the outcome of two problems in U.S. health care: decreasing revenue for physicians and decreasing access to treatment for patients. As physicians report diminishing income due to restrictive relationships with insurers, increasing malpractice insurance premiums, and inflated overhead costs to operate private practices, they are attracted to pharmaceutical contract research for its lucrative return. Clinical trials also provide limited medical access to individuals who have no or inadequate health insurance because they offer "free" doctors' visits, diagnostic tests, and medications to participants. Focusing on the professional roles of those involved, as well as key research practices, Fisher assesses the risks and advantages for physicians and patients alike when pharmaceutical drug studies are used as an alternative to standard medical care. A volume in the Critical Issues in Health and Medicine series, edited by Rima D. Apple and Janet Golden

Informed Consent in Medical Research

Author : Len Doyal
Publisher : BMJ Books
ISBN 13 : 9780727914866
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (148 download)

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Book Synopsis Informed Consent in Medical Research by : Len Doyal

Download or read book Informed Consent in Medical Research written by Len Doyal and published by BMJ Books. This book was released on 2000-12-19 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive discussion of the ethical issues involved in informing patients on their rights and participation in medical research and treatment. With 30 chapters contributed by internationally recognised medical ethicists, Informed Consent provides an authoritative reference on a subject of major importance in medical ethics