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Author : Alexander Ivanov Alexandrov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Mechanism of DNA Unwinding by Hexameric Helicases written by Alexander Ivanov Alexandrov and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Maria Spies
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461450373
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)
Download or read book DNA Helicases and DNA Motor Proteins written by Maria Spies and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-19 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, a number of groundbreaking structural and mechanistic studies deepened our understanding of helicase mechanisms and established new approaches for their analyses. Many fundamental mechanistic questions ranging from the mechanism of force generation, mechanochemical coupling to distinct mechanisms by which the same enzyme translocates on DNA removing obstacles, unwinds DNA and/or remodels nucleoprotein complexes, however, remain to be answered. It is even less understood how the helicase motors are incorporated into a wide range of genome maintenance and repair machines. The field has reached a stage when the studies of molecular mechanisms and basic biology of helicases can and shall be integrated with the studies of development, cancer and longevity. The objective of this book is to provide the first systematic overview of structure, function and regulation of DNA helicases and related molecular motors. By integrating the knowledge obtained through the diverse technical approaches ranging from single-molecule biophysics to cellular and molecular biological studies the editors aim to provide a unified view on how helicases function in the cell, are regulated in response to different cellular stresses and are integrated into large macromolecular assemblies to form a complex and adaptive living system.
Author : Robert D. Wells
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461415299
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (152 download)
Download or read book Molecular Life Sciences written by Robert D. Wells and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Life Sciences: An Encyclopedic Reference will focus on understanding biological phenomena at the level of molecules and their interactions that govern life processes. The work will include articles on genes and genomes, protein structure and function, systems biology using genomics and proteomics as the focus, molecular aspects of cell structure and function, unifying concepts and theories from biology, chemistry, mathematics and physics that are essential for understanding the molecular life sciences (including teaching perspectives and assessment tools), and basic aspects of the various experimental approaches that are used in the Molecular Life Sciences.
Author : Renu Tuteja
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780128146859
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (468 download)
Download or read book Helicases from All Domains of Life written by Renu Tuteja and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-15 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helicases are ubiquitous enzymes found throughout evolution. Research in the helicase field has been going on for a long time now but in recent past with the completion of so many genomes, these enzymes have been discovered in a number of organisms. But the available literature is scattered. The huge number of identified DNA and RNA helicases, along with the structural and functional differences among them, make difficult for the interested scholar to grasp a comprehensive view of the field. Helicases from all Domains of Life is the first book to compile information about helicases from many different organisms in one place. Knowledge of the functions and features of helicases across the different kingdoms of life are a valuable source of novel ideas and information The book begins with a chapter on the evolutionary history of helicases followed by three "overview" chapters: one for bacteria/archaea (which are not mentioned), one for plants/algae and one for human helicases The overview chapters are followed by specific chapters on selected helicases of great importance from a biological/applicative point of view
Author : David Stuart
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 953510991X
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)
Download or read book The Mechanisms of DNA Replication written by David Stuart and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-02-20 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA replication is a fundamental part of the life cycle of all organisms. Not surprisingly many aspects of this process display profound conservation across organisms in all domains of life. The chapters in this volume outline and review the current state of knowledge on several key aspects of the DNA replication process. This is a critical process in both normal growth and development and in relation to a broad variety of pathological conditions including cancer. The reader will be provided with new insights into the initiation, regulation, and progression of DNA replication as well as a collection of thought provoking questions and summaries to direct future investigations.
Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780815332183
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (321 download)
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123972299
Total Pages : 589 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)
Download or read book RNA Helicases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Methods in Enzymology aims to provide a reference for the diverse, powerful tools used to analyze RNA helicases. The contributions in this volume cover the broad scope of methods in the research on these enzymes. Several chapters describe quantitative biophysical and biochemical approaches to study molecular mechanisms and conformational changes of RNA helicases. Further chapters cover structural analysis, examination of co-factor effects on several representative examples, and the analysis of cellular functions of select enzymes. Two chapters outline approaches to the analysis of inhibitors that target RNA helicases. This volume of Methods in Enzymology aims to provide a reference for the diverse, powerful tools used to analyze RNA helicases The contributions in this volume cover the broad scope of methods in the research on these enzymes
Author : Huidong Zhang
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9813341874
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (133 download)
Download or read book Environment and Female Reproductive Health written by Huidong Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will focus on the harmful effect of environmental toxins on female reproductive health. Reproduction is the basis of the continuation of human beings, and environment is the basis of human survival. However, environmental pollution has become a potential risk factor for human reproductive health, which not only leads to many chronic diseases, but also causes certain harm to reproductive health. Compared to male reproduction, female reproductive process is more complex, the reproductive system is more fragile, and is more vulnerable to be damaged. The aim of this book is to review the research progress, to address the challenges, and to stimulate the development in the direction of environment and female reproductive health.
Author : Sam Thiagalingam
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521493390
Total Pages : 597 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (214 download)
Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.
Author : Kanokwan Champasa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Mechanism and Importance of Mcm2-7 Double-hexamer Formation During DNA Replication Initiation written by Kanokwan Champasa and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All cells must duplicate their genome completely and accurately in each cell cycle. Thus, DNA replication is a highly-regulated multi-step process that ensures the genome is duplicated only once per cell cycle. In eukaryotic cells, initiation of DNA replication begins with loading of two heterohexameric Mcm2-7 helicases around origin DNA during G1 phase. The two helicases are loaded in opposite orientations and interact with each other at their N-terminal domains to form a head-to-head "double hexamer". In S phase, the helicases are activated by helicase-activation proteins to initiate DNA unwinding. Importantly, this event is the committed step of replication initiation. Loading of two helicases in the head-to-head double hexamer ensures DNA unwinding on both sides of the origin and allows the assembly of bi-directional forks essential for complete DNA replication. Two Mcm2-7 helicases are loaded onto the DNA sequentially. The order of events during the first helicase loading has been established, but the mechanism of double-hexamer formation remains unclear. Because the two helicases interact at their N-terminal domains, these regions represent potential mediators of double-hexamer formation. This thesis outlines the potential mechanism and the importance of double-hexamer formation. A conserved motif within Mcm2-7 N-terminal region is required for stable double-hexamer formation and cell viability. Single-molecule analyses of Mcm2-7 containing a mutation within this motif indicated that this mutant form double-hexamer interactions briefly before the two hexamers come apart. Interestingly, after double-hexamer dissolution, the two mutant helicases do not form subsequent double-hexamer interaction. Both wild-type and the mutant Mcm2-7 exhibit double-hexamer interaction rapidly after the arrival of the second Mcm2-7. Together, these data support the model that double-hexamer formation is coordinated with loading of the second Mcm2-7. Finally, the requirement of the double hexamer during helicase activation was investigated using Mcm2-7 complex containing the mutant that inhibits double-hexamer formation. The double hexamer is not essential for recruitment of three critical helicase-activation proteins, but it is required for initial origin DNA unwinding. These findings identify a crucial motif for stable double-hexamer formation and suggest that DNA unwinding is the first step in replication initiation that requires double-hexamer form of the helicases.
Author : Caitlin Marie Niesen Friend
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book The Roles of the Helicase Double-hexamer Complex and the SsDNA-binding Protein RPA During Eukaryotic DNA Replication written by Caitlin Marie Niesen Friend and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eukaryotic DNA replication is a complex process that must occur accurately, completely, and only once per cell cycle. To accomplish these goals, the events of DNA replication are tightly coupled to cell-cycle progression. Origins of replication are licensed by loading of the Mcm2-7 replicative DNA helicase during G1. Two Mcm2-7 hexamers load onto each origin as a double hexamer encircling dsDNA. At this stage, the helicases are inactive. Upon entry into S phase, loaded Mcm2-7 complexes then recruit a number of other replication proteins that activate the helicase. Helicase activation results in separation of the double hexamer, a transition to encircling ssDNA, and initiation of DNA unwinding. Once activated, the helicase produces the ssDNA that acts as template for new DNA synthesis. Helicase activation is the committed step of DNA replication after which the cell must complete genome duplication before it can segregate its chromosomes and divide. The work described in this thesis focuses on mechanisms that are essential for eukaryotic DNA replication with a focus on DNA unwinding and DNA synthesis. In Chapter II, I explore the essential functions and purpose of the double-hexamer conformation of the loaded helicases. Using a helicase mutant that loads as two single hexamers, I show that initial origin DNA melting can occur in the context of a single-hexamer helicase. Importantly, the amount of unwinding that occurs within a single helicase is not sufficient to allow the transition onto ssDNA. Further DNA unwinding and subsequent DNA synthesis requires robust double-hexamer helicase interactions. Together, my findings strongly suggest that the double-hexamer conformation is essential to complete helicase activation. In Chapter III, I explore the role and specificity of ssDNA-binding proteins (SSBs) in eukaryotic DNA replication. To this end, I substituted the eukaryotic SSB RPA with SSBs from other systems: E. coli SSB (EcSSB) and T4 bacteriophage Gp32. I find that DNA unwinding is supported by RPA and EcSSB but not Gp32, suggesting that eukaryotic DNA unwinding requires at least one SSB function beyond ssDNA binding. Although both RPA and EcSSB support DNA synthesis, we only observed robust lagging-strand synthesis in the presence of RPA. My studies indicate that RPA must perform multiple functions beyond ssDNA binding to facilitate eukaryotic DNA replication.
Author : Sean M. Carney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Characterizing Excluded Strand DNA Interactions with Hexameric Helicases and Determining Roles in Unwinding Mechanisms written by Sean M. Carney and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Fumio Hanaoka
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 443155873X
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)
Download or read book DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair written by Fumio Hanaoka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive review of the detailed molecular mechanisms of and functional crosstalk among the replication, recombination, and repair of DNA (collectively called the "3Rs") and the related processes, with special consciousness of their biological and clinical consequences. The 3Rs are fundamental molecular mechanisms for organisms to maintain and sometimes intentionally alter genetic information. DNA replication, recombination, and repair, individually, have been important subjects of molecular biology since its emergence, but we have recently become aware that the 3Rs are actually much more intimately related to one another than we used to realize. Furthermore, the 3R research fields have been growing even more interdisciplinary, with better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying other important processes, such as chromosome structures and functions, cell cycle and checkpoints, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, and so on. This book comprises 7 parts and 21 chapters: Part 1 (Chapters 1–3), DNA Replication; Part 2 (Chapters 4–6), DNA Recombination; Part 3 (Chapters 7–9), DNA Repair; Part 4 (Chapters 10–13), Genome Instability and Mutagenesis; Part 5 (Chapters 14–15), Chromosome Dynamics and Functions; Part 6 (Chapters 16–18), Cell Cycle and Checkpoints; Part 7 (Chapters 19–21), Interplay with Transcription and Epigenetic Regulation. This volume should attract the great interest of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and senior scientists in broad research fields of basic molecular biology, not only the core 3Rs, but also the various related fields (chromosome, cell cycle, transcription, epigenetics, and similar areas). Additionally, researchers in neurological sciences, developmental biology, immunology, evolutionary biology, and many other fields will find this book valuable.
Author : Katsuhiko S. Murakami
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642397964
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)
Download or read book Nucleic Acid Polymerases written by Katsuhiko S. Murakami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a review of the multitude of nucleic acid polymerases, including DNA and RNA polymerases from Archea, Bacteria and Eukaryota, mitochondrial and viral polymerases, and other specialized polymerases such as telomerase, template-independent terminal nucleotidyl transferase and RNA self-replication ribozyme. Although many books cover several different types of polymerases, no book so far has attempted to catalog all nucleic acid polymerases. The goal of this book is to be the top reference work for postgraduate students, postdocs, and principle investigators who study polymerases of all varieties. In other words, this book is for polymerase fans by polymerase fans. Nucleic acid polymerases play a fundamental role in genome replication, maintenance, gene expression and regulation. Throughout evolution these enzymes have been pivotal in transforming life towards RNA self-replicating systems as well as into more stable DNA genomes. These enzymes are generally extremely efficient and accurate in RNA transcription and DNA replication and share common kinetic and structural features. How catalysis can be so amazingly fast without loss of specificity is a question that has intrigued researchers for over 60 years. Certain specialized polymerases that play a critical role in cellular metabolism are used for diverse biotechnological applications and are therefore an essential tool for research.
Author : Fumiaki Uchiumi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889195759
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)
Download or read book DNA helicases: expression, functions and clinical implications written by Fumiaki Uchiumi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helicases are the proteins that bind to double- or single-stranded DNA and/or RNA chains to unwind higher order structures, usually consuming energy from the hydrolysis of ATP molecules. The biological roles of helicases are associated with a variety of DNA and/or RNA metabolisms, including DNA-replication, -repair, -recombination, RNA processing, and transcription. Dysfunctions of helicases cause various diseases, such as xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), premature aging syndrome, cancer and immunodeficiency, in humans. Moreover, recent genetic analyses revealed that mutations in helicase-encoding genes are frequently found in patients of specific diseases. Some helicases regulate cellular senescence by controlling integrity of genomes, and others play a role in neuromuscular functions presumably by modulating processing of mRNAs. However, the molecular mechanisms of how helicases are regulated in order to maintain our health are not yet fully understood. In this research topic, we will focus on the expression and functions of helicases and their encoding genes, reviewing recent research progresses that provide new insights into development of clinical and pharmaceutical treatments targeting helicases.
Author : Patrick Dwayne Morris
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (478 download)
Download or read book Investigation Into the Mechanism of Helicase Mediated DNA Unwinding written by Patrick Dwayne Morris and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Vinay Kumar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319903187
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Salinity Responses and Tolerance in Plants, Volume 2 written by Vinay Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil salinity is a key abiotic-stress and poses serious threats to crop yields and quality of produce. Owing to the underlying complexity, conventional breeding programs have met with limited success. Even genetic engineering approaches, via transferring/overexpressing a single ‘direct action gene’ per event did not yield optimal results. Nevertheless, the biotechnological advents in last decade coupled with the availability of genomic sequences of major crops and model plants have opened new vistas for understanding salinity-responses and improving salinity tolerance in important glycophytic crops. Our goal is to summarize these findings for those who wish to understand and target the molecular mechanisms for producing salt-tolerant and high-yielding crops. Through this 2-volume book series, we critically assess the potential venues for imparting salt stress tolerance to major crops in the post-genomic era. Accordingly, perspectives on improving crop salinity tolerance by targeting the sensory, ion-transport and signaling mechanisms were presented in Volume 1. Volume 2 now focuses on the potency of post-genomic era tools that include RNAi, genomic intervention, genome editing and systems biology approaches for producing salt tolerant crops.
