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Measuring The Effects Of Geographic Targeting On Poverty Reduction
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Book Synopsis Measuring the Effects of Geographic Targeting on Poverty Reduction by : Judy L. Baker
Download or read book Measuring the Effects of Geographic Targeting on Poverty Reduction written by Judy L. Baker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third and final volume from the City Study analyzes the structure of Bogota and Cali, Colombia by modelling different markets and the behavior of individuals, households, firms, and governments within these markets. Simple economic reasoning is used to understand the urban behavior that can determine a city's overall appearance and structure. The author underlines the importance of this understanding which, he argues, could lead to the creation of more effective urban policies. This study links infrastructure requirements and supply to the behavior of urban life and to the existing income distribution in the city. The author concludes that institutional responses to the rapidly changing and unpredictable demands of metropolitan residents must become an inherent part of city structure, and that this would be the most practical way of coping with urban growth.
Book Synopsis Geographical Targeting for Poverty Alleviation by : David Bigman
Download or read book Geographical Targeting for Poverty Alleviation written by David Bigman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: .."in many developing countries, there are large differences in economic conditions and the standard of living between regions, and even between communities within the same region. In many countries, poverty has a clear geographic dimension, since the poor are often concentrated in pockets of poverty. Therefore, the design of poverty alleviation policies must also have a signficant spatial component." Although development projects are carefully designed and meticulously evaluated for cost effectiveness and benefits, too many of them are not sufficiently targeted geographically. The growing availability and use of spatial data, organized in a computer system such as a geographical information system (GIS), makes it more feasible to analyze the impact of projects in specific locales and to achieve more effective targeting. 'Geographical Targeting for Poverty Alleviation' introduces the basic concepts of a GIS. It also demonstrates how to organize geographic and nongeographic data. In addition, it presents different methods for using the data of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey, together with other surveys and the population census, to provide estimates for the standard of living and the incidence of poverty incidence in different geographical areas of a country. Ultimately, these estimates should be used to establish guidelines for targeting poverty alleviation projects. This publication illustrates different GIS applications for identifying the project's target population, determining the project's spatial 'sphere of influence' or deciding where to locate public facilities. This publication is of interest to task managers, economists, development researchers, and geographers.
Book Synopsis Poverty Alleviation Through Geographic Targeting by :
Download or read book Poverty Alleviation Through Geographic Targeting written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Using recently completed "poverty maps" for Cambodia, Ecuador, and Madagascar, the authors simulate the impact on poverty of transferring an exogenously given budget to geographically defined subgroups of the population according to their relative poverty status. They find large gains from targeting smaller administrative units, such as districts or villages. But these gains are still far from the poverty reduction that would be possible had the planners had access to information on household level income or consumption. The results suggest that a useful way forward might be to combine fine geographic targeting using a poverty map with within-community targeting mechanisms. This paper--a product of the Poverty Team, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to develop tools for the analysis of poverty and income distribution"--World Bank web site.
Book Synopsis Picking the Poor by : Norbert Schady
Download or read book Picking the Poor written by Norbert Schady and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geographic targeting is perhaps the most popular mechanism used to direct social programs to the poor in Latin America. This paper empirically compares geographic targeting indicators available in Peru. To this effect, I combine household-level information from the 1997 Peru Living Standards Measurement Survey (LSMS) and district-level information from the 1993 Peru Population and Housing Census. I then conduct a series of simulations which estimate leakage rates, concentration curves, the impact of transfers on poverty as measured by the headcount index, poverty gap and P2 measures of the FGT family, and non-parametric (kernel) densities when transfers are based on alternative indicators. I conclude that there is substantial potential for geographic targeting in Peru. However, the differences in outcomes across geographic targeting indicators are small, and are not statistically significant. These results are in keeping with earlier work, which suggests that (among reasonable alternatives) the choice of geographic targeting indicator does not have an important bearing on poverty outcomes, and are at odds with more recent research which stresses the advantage of poverty maps which "impute" consumption or income.
Book Synopsis Picking the Poor by : Norbert Rüdiger Schady
Download or read book Picking the Poor written by Norbert Rüdiger Schady and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geographic targeting of social programs to the poor has become increasingly important in Peru. The potential payoffs of such targeting are large, and differences in outcomes with different targeting indicators are small.
Book Synopsis More Than a Pretty Picture by : Tara Bedi
Download or read book More Than a Pretty Picture written by Tara Bedi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The allocation of resources and the design of policies tailored to local-level conditions require highly disaggregated information. Data on poverty at the local level is typically not available because most household surveys are not representative past the regional level. This volume aims to promote the effective use of Small Area Estimation poverty maps in policy making. It presents the range of policies and interventions which have been informed by poverty maps, focusing on the political economy of poverty maps and the key elements to their effective use by policy makers. The volume also looks at the future of poverty maps in terms of new techniques and new areas of application.
Book Synopsis Poverty Alleviation Through Geographic Targeting by : Chris Elbers
Download or read book Poverty Alleviation Through Geographic Targeting written by Chris Elbers and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using recently completed quot;poverty mapsquot; for Cambodia, Ecuador, and Madagascar, the authors simulate the impact on poverty of transferring an exogenously given budget to geographically defined subgroups of the population according to their relative poverty status. They find large gains from targeting smaller administrative units, such as districts or villages. But these gains are still far from the poverty reduction that would be possible had the planners had access to information on household level income or consumption. The results suggest that a useful way forward might be to combine fine geographic targeting using a poverty map with within-community targeting mechanisms.This paper - a product of the Poverty Team, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to develop tools for the analysis of poverty and income distribution.
Book Synopsis Building and Sustaining the Capacity for Social Policy Reforms by : Belkacem Laabas
Download or read book Building and Sustaining the Capacity for Social Policy Reforms written by Belkacem Laabas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000: Ten papers on poverty alleviation and social policy matters applied to Arab countries and Africa. They explore the impact on the vulnerable of the implementation of structural adjustment programmes and look at poverty alleviation and social policies, health care and social security issues.
Book Synopsis Integrated Assessment of Water Resources and Global Change by : Eric Craswell
Download or read book Integrated Assessment of Water Resources and Global Change written by Eric Craswell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents papers from an international conference, held in Bonn, Germany in February 2005, that dealt with integrated water resources management in industrialized and developing countries. The papers detail such emerging concepts as blue and green water, virtual water, the water footprints of nations, multi-agent modeling, linkages between water and biodiversity, and social learning and adaptive management.
Book Synopsis Picking the Poor by : Norbert Rüdiger Schady
Download or read book Picking the Poor written by Norbert Rüdiger Schady and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geographic targeting of social programs to the poor has become increasingly important in Peru. The potential payoffs of such targeting are large, and differences in outcomes with different targeting indicators are small.
Book Synopsis Taking Action to Reduce Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa by :
Download or read book Taking Action to Reduce Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 356. The fragmentation in African financial markets and its persistence despite reforms to liberalize those markets have been difficult to explain. This paper reports findings from surveys of formal and informal institutions and their clients in Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, and Tanzania to test hypotheses explaining different aspects of fragmentation, which occurs when different market segments are poorly linked and interest rate differentials cannot be fully explained by differences in costs and risks. The study concludes that financial development strategies, and World Bank operations supporting them, should explicitly include informal and semi-formal financial institutions to improve the extent and efficiency of financial intermediation in the medium term.
Book Synopsis Household Welfare in Central Asia by : Jane Falkingham
Download or read book Household Welfare in Central Asia written by Jane Falkingham and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997-06-12 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Central Asian republics represent the poorest area of the former Soviet Union and this book contains the first rigorous analysis of household living standards in the region. Part I deals with methodological issues of measuring household welfare in transition, Part II quantifies living standards in various ways, and Part III looks at support given by the state, firms, other households and NGOs - the 'mixed economy' of welfare provision. The book is characterised by analysis of newly available survey data.
Book Synopsis Coping with Austerity by : Nora Claudia Lustig
Download or read book Coping with Austerity written by Nora Claudia Lustig and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concern about the pervasiveness of poverty and income inequality in Latin America goes beyond the issue of social justice. The persistence of mass poverty and inequality pits different social groups against one another and leads to a polarization that makes consistent economic policy formation difficult. National productivity may also suffer in economies with poorly educated workforces lacking adequate health care. Statistics on poverty and inequality in Latin America are rudimentary and often conflicting. Yet it is known that poverty became more widespread in the region during the last decade as it experienced economic decline. About 180 million people, or two out of every five in the area, are now living in poverty—some 50 million more than in 1980. It is also known that income and wealth are far more unequally distributed in Latin America than in most other developing regions. This book provides a much-needed assessment of how poverty, inequality, and social indicators have fared in several Latin American countries over the past decade. Experts from Latin America and the U.S. focus attention on the extent of poverty and inequality and how they have been affected by the debt crisis and adjustment of the 1980s. They explain that issues of poverty and inequality were neglected as governments in Latin America struggled to restore stability and growth to their economies. Social sector spending declined sharply, affecting both the quality and quantity of services provided. The contributors examine how poverty and inequality are—or are not—being addressed in each country. They also explore the viability of alternative approaches to combating poverty and reducing inequality. They explain that virtually no one denies that governments must take a leading role in the provision of health, education, and other social services. Yet there are sharp debates--over the compatibility of social spending with economic adjustment and stabilization; the priority of social expenditures in relation to other governmental spending; the allocation of funds among different social programs; who should, and should not, benefit; and who should pay the costs. They show that the poor and middle sectors had to pay dearly because their governments, the international community, and the families themselves were not prepared to deal with austerity. The book contains eleven chapters by contributors from universities and research institutions in the U.S. and Latin America, as well as from international financial organizations. It is the result of a project cosponsored by Inter-American Dialogue.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Povetry and Welfare in Nigeria, 1985-92 by :
Download or read book The Evolution of Povetry and Welfare in Nigeria, 1985-92 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Resources, Planning and Environmental Management in a Changing Caribbean by : David Barker
Download or read book Resources, Planning and Environmental Management in a Changing Caribbean written by David Barker and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reports on contemporary research by geographers and others into resource management and planning issues in the Caribbean region. The common theme is the search for developmental strategies that focus on social and economic needs without further deterioration of the resource base.
Book Synopsis Subnational Data Requirements for Fiscal Decentralization by : Serdar Yilmaz
Download or read book Subnational Data Requirements for Fiscal Decentralization written by Serdar Yilmaz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication has been produced as part of a capacity building programme to strengthen the ability of national statistical systems to collect subnational demographic, socio economic and fiscal data. This is important in the design of public policy options, particularly as subnational governments in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe become responsible for the delivery of local services. This publication contains case studies from five countries in Central and Eastern Europe that are at different stages of fiscal decentralisation (covering Bulgaria, Romania, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, and Ukraine).
Book Synopsis Improving the Targeting of Social Programs in Ghana by : Quentin Wodon
Download or read book Improving the Targeting of Social Programs in Ghana written by Quentin Wodon and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-10-05 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a diagnostic of the benefit incidence and targeting performance of a large number of social programs in Ghana. Both broad-based programs (such as spending for education and health, and subsidies for food, oil-related products and electricity) as well as targetd programs (such as LEAP, the indigent exemption under the NHIS, school lunches and uniforms, or fertilizer subsidies) are considered. In addition, the study provides tools and recommendations for better targeting of those programs in the future. The tools include new maps and data sets for geographic targeting according to poverty and food security, as well as ways to implement proxy means-testing. The purpose of this introductory chapter is to provide a brief synthesis of the key findings and messages from the study.
