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Maternal Employment In Early Childhood
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Book Synopsis First-year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years by : Jeanne Brooks-Gunn
Download or read book First-year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years written by Jeanne Brooks-Gunn and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Adele Eskeles Gottfried Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1489908307 Total Pages :305 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (899 download)
Book Synopsis Maternal Employment and Children’s Development by : Adele Eskeles Gottfried
Download or read book Maternal Employment and Children’s Development written by Adele Eskeles Gottfried and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a review written in 1979, I noted that there was a paucity of research examining the effects of maternal employment on the infant and young child and also that longitudinal studies of the effects of maternal em ployment were needed (Hoffman, 1979). In the last 10 years, there has been a flurry of research activity focused on the mother's employment during the child's early years, and much of this work has been longi tudinal. All of the studies reported in this volume are at least short-term longitudinal studies, and most of them examine the effects of maternal employment during the early years. The increased focus on maternal employment during infancy is not a response to the mandate of that review but rather reflects the new employment patterns in the United States. In March 1985, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 49.4% of married women with children less than a year old were employed outside the home (Hayghe, 1986). This figure is up from 39% in 1980 and more than double the rate in 1970. By now, most mothers of children under 3 are in the labor force.
Book Synopsis Maternal Employment in Early Childhood by : Teresa Katherine Lightbody
Download or read book Maternal Employment in Early Childhood written by Teresa Katherine Lightbody and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focused on the associations between maternal employment in early childhood and the developmental outcomes of infant, toddler, and preschool age children in Canada. It is well established that maternal employment in the first year is negatively associated with children's development, particularly cognitive outcomes. However, a number of questions remain about the effects of the number of hours that mothers work, differential outcomes for boys and girls, and the contributing role of the factors in children's family and child care contexts. Thus, I examined the nature of relationships among maternal employment in early childhood, children's gender, family context, child care context, and young children's development. Guided by Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Model of Human Development, I conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth using Cycles Six (2004/2005), Seven (2006/2007), and Eight (2008/2009). The method of analysis was multiple linear regression. I tested the associations between mothers' employment in the first four years of children's lives and the motor and social development of zero to four year old children and receptive language of four and five year old children (commonly used as an indicator of cognitive development). Further, because previous research has shown that the influence of maternal employment on children's cognitive development varies with the specific timing of mothers' return to work, I examined the associations between maternal employment in the first two years of children's lives and the receptive language of children four and five years. Additionally, I ran a sub-group analysis comparing children of mothers who worked more than 20 hours a week to children of mothers who worked fewer hours. To examine the influence that child's gender and family and child care contexts have on the relationship between maternal employment in early childhood and children's developmental outcomes, I investigated the moderating effects of child gender, family economic well-being, mothers' marital status, maternal education, and child care type and quality. I also analyzed the mediating effects of family functioning, depressive symptoms, and parent-child interactions on the relationship between maternal employment in early childhood and children's developmental outcomes. With children's motor and social development, I found that mothers who returned to work when their children were between zero to four years old had enhanced motor and social development in comparison to children of mothers who did not work during this time. However, the magnitude of the effect was relatively weak. Additionally, findings indicated that maternal employment within the first four years had stronger positive effects on the motor and social development (improved motor and social development) for female children than it did for male children. Findings showed that the only Contextual Process that played a mediating role was parent-child interactions. The enhanced motor and social development of children of mothers who worked was explained in part by more positive parent-child interactions displayed by employed mothers. Regarding receptive language, findings showed that maternal employment between zero and four years was not significantly associated with children's receptive language. However, I found that relative to children of mothers who worked 20 hours or less per week in the first two years of their children's lives, children of mothers who worked more than 20 hours had lower receptive language scores at four and five years of age. An additional analysis suggested that maternal employment initiated between 12 and 17 months was a sensitive period in which working more than 20 hours a week was negatively associated with children's receptive language. The small positive associations between maternal employment in early childhood and children's motor and social development provide some reassurance to mothers who engage in maternal employment in early childhood. That being said, my research suggests that working more than 20 hours a week in the first two years of children's lives and even more so between 12 and 17 months of age has negative associations with children's later receptive language. These findings could be of interest to policy analysts and government officials who create and monitor Canadian maternity and parental leave policies/programs in that they bring attention to areas (i.e., hours worked in early childhood) that policy developers may want to consider in future changes to current Canadian maternity and parental leave policies/programs.
Book Synopsis Influences of Maternal Employment and Early Childhood Education on Young Children's Cognitive and Behavioural Outcomes by : Melissa Brewerton
Download or read book Influences of Maternal Employment and Early Childhood Education on Young Children's Cognitive and Behavioural Outcomes written by Melissa Brewerton and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Maternal Employment and Child Health by : Yana van der Meulen Rodgers
Download or read book Maternal Employment and Child Health written by Yana van der Meulen Rodgers and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As women's labor force participation has risen around the globe, scholarly and policy discourse on the ramifications of this employment growth has intensified. This book explores the links between maternal employment and child health using an international perspective that is grounded in economic theory and rigorous empirical methods. Women's labor-market activity affects child health largely because their paid work raises household income, which strengthens families' abilities to finance healthcare needs and nutritious food; however, time away from children could counteract some of the benefits of higher socioeconomic status that spring from maternal employment. New evidence based on data from nine South and Southeast Asian countries illuminates the potential tradeoff between the benefits and challenges families contend with in the face of women's labor-market activity. This book provides new, original evidence on links between maternal employment and children's health using data associated with three indicators of children's nutritional status: birth size, stunting, and wasting. Results support the implementation and enforcement of policy interventions that bolster women's advancement in the labor market and reduce undernutrition among children. Scholars, students, policymakers and all those with an interest in nutritional science, gender, economics of the family, or development economies will find the methodology and original results expounded here both useful and informative.
Book Synopsis Children's Interests/Mothers' Rights by : Sonya Michel
Download or read book Children's Interests/Mothers' Rights written by Sonya Michel and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The current child care system in the United States can be described as erratic, inadequate, and stigmatized. In this comprehensive history of American child care policy and practices from the colonial period to the present, Sonya Michel explains why child care has evolved as it has and compares U.S. policy to that of other democratic market societies.
Book Synopsis First-year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years by : Jeanne Brooks-Gunn
Download or read book First-year Maternal Employment and Child Development in the First 7 Years written by Jeanne Brooks-Gunn and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the first two phases of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care, the links between maternal employment in the first 12 months of life and cognitive, social, and emotional outcomes for children at age 3, age 4.5, and first grade are examined. Families in which mothers worked full time (55%), part time (23%) or did not work in the first year (22%) are compared. Most families involved non-Hispanic White children although some analyses did involve African-American children. Structural equation modeling results indicated that, on average, the associations between first-year maternal employment and later cognitive, social, and emotional outcomes are neutral because negative effects, where present, are offset by positive effects. The results confirmed that maternal employment in the first year of life may confer both advantages and disadvantages and that for the average non-Hispanic White child those effects balance each other.
Book Synopsis Causal Links Between Maternal Employment and Early Childhood Development Within Low-income Families by : Youngjo Im
Download or read book Causal Links Between Maternal Employment and Early Childhood Development Within Low-income Families written by Youngjo Im and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Findings of this research provide fresh insights into the consequences of maternal employment in the earliest years of child's life on child well-being, as well as demonstrate newer perspectives helpful for the development of innovative policies and programs aimed at promoting positive child development within low-income families.
Book Synopsis Families in an Era of Increasing Inequality by : Paul R. Amato
Download or read book Families in an Era of Increasing Inequality written by Paul R. Amato and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-07 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The widening gap between the rich and the poor is turning the American dream into an impossibility for many, particularly children and families. And as the children of low-income families grow to adulthood, they have less access to opportunities and resources than their higher-income peers--and increasing odds of repeating the experiences of their parents. Families in an Era of Increasing Inequality probes the complex relations between social inequality and child development and examines possibilities for disrupting these ongoing patterns. Experts across the social sciences track trends in marriage, divorce, employment, and family structure across socioeconomic strata in the U.S. and other developed countries. These family data give readers a deeper understanding of how social class shapes children's paths to adulthood and how those paths continue to diverge over time and into future generations. In addition, contributors critique current policies and programs that have been created to reduce disparities and offer suggestions for more effective alternatives. Among the topics covered: Inequality begins at home: the role of parenting in the diverging destinies of rich and poor children. Inequality begins outside the home: putting parental educational investments into context. How class and family structure impact the transition to adulthood. Dealing with the consequences of changes in family composition. Dynamic models of poverty-related adversity and child outcomes. The diverging destinies of children and what it means for children's lives. As new initiatives are sought to improve the lives of families and children in the short and long term, Families in an Era of Increasing Inequality is a key resource for researchers and practitioners in family studies, social work, health, education, sociology, demography, and psychology.
Download or read book Mothers at Work written by Lois Hoffman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: records.
Book Synopsis Demanding Child Care by : Natalie M. Fousekis
Download or read book Demanding Child Care written by Natalie M. Fousekis and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During World War II, as women stepped in to fill jobs vacated by men in the armed services, the federal government established public child care centers in local communities for the first time. When the government announced plans to withdraw funding and terminate its child care services at the end of the war, women in California protested and lobbied to keep their centers open, even as these services rapidly vanished in other states. Analyzing the informal networks of cross-class and cross-race reformers, policymakers, and educators, Demanding Child Care: Women's Activism and the Politics of Welfare, 1940–1971 traces the rapidly changing alliances among these groups. During the early stages of the childcare movement, feminists, Communists, and labor activists banded together, only to have these alliances dissolve by the 1950s as the movement welcomed new leadership composed of working-class mothers and early childhood educators. In the 1960s, when federal policymakers earmarked child care funds for children of women on welfare and children described as culturally deprived, it expanded child care services available to these groups but eventually eliminated public child care for the working poor. Deftly exploring the possibilities for partnership as well as the limitations among these key parties, Fousekis helps to explain the barriers to a publically funded comprehensive child care program in the United States.
Book Synopsis The Palgrave Handbook of Family Policy by : Rense Nieuwenhuis
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Family Policy written by Rense Nieuwenhuis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This engaging collection gathers theoretical and empirical insights from leading family policy experts. The authors - representing diverse countries, disciplines, and methods - bring to life the volume's innovative conceptual framework, which is organized around policy institutions, both public and private. The volume closes with a call for new lines of research that should inform family policy scholars for years to come."--Janet Gornick, Professor of Political Science and Sociology, and Director of the Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, USA "Featuring exciting contributors from a range of often-siloed scholarly disciplines, countries and cultures, this Handbook offers nuanced insights into how interacting societal inequality factors influence family policy enactment to reinforce or improve inequality outcomes across gender, class, and nations. It is ambitious, broad-reaching, and succeeds in providing a strategic view within and across nations to inspire thoughtful evidence-based policy implications to improve societies in the future."--Ellen Ernst Kossek, Basil S. Turner Professor of Management, Purdue University, USA This open access handbook provides a multilevel view on family policies, combining insights on family policy outcomes at different levels of policymaking: supra-national organizations, national states, sub-national or regional levels, and finally smaller organizations and employers. At each of these levels, a multidisciplinary group of expert scholars assess policies and their implementation, such as child income support, childcare services, parental leave, and leave to provide care to frail and elderly family members. The chapters evaluate their impact in improving children's development and equal opportunities, promoting gender equality, regulating fertility, productivity and economic inequality, and take an intersectional perspective related to gender, class, and family diversity. The editors conclude by presenting a new research agenda based on five major challenges pertaining to the levels of policy implementation (in particular globalization and decentralization), austerity and marketization, inequality, changing family relations, and welfare states adapting to women's empowered roles
Book Synopsis Disentangling the Effects of Maternal Employment and Child Care on the Cognitive Development of Young Children by : Cori Rochelle Rattelman
Download or read book Disentangling the Effects of Maternal Employment and Child Care on the Cognitive Development of Young Children written by Cori Rochelle Rattelman and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Making Motherhood Work by : Caitlyn Collins
Download or read book Making Motherhood Work written by Caitlyn Collins and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work-family conflict that mothers experience today is a national crisis. Women struggle to balance breadwinning with the bulk of parenting, and social policies aren't helping. Of all Western industrialized countries, the United States ranks dead last for supportive work-family policies. Can American women look to Europe for solutions? Making Motherhood Work draws on interviews that Caitlyn Collins conducted over five years with 135 middle-class working mothers in Sweden, Germany, Italy, and the United States. She explores how women navigate work and family given the different policy supports available in each country. Taking readers into women's homes, neighborhoods, and workplaces, Collins shows that mothers' expectations depend on context and that policies alone cannot solve women's struggles. With women held to unrealistic standards, the best solutions demand that we redefine motherhood, work, and family.
Book Synopsis From Neurons to Neighborhoods by : National Research Council
Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Book Synopsis The Promise of Preschool by : Elizabeth Rose
Download or read book The Promise of Preschool written by Elizabeth Rose and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2010-03-17 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 45 years have seen the emergence of education for young children as a national issue, spurred by the initiation of the Head Start program in the 1960s, efforts to create a child care system in the 1970s, and the campaign to reform K-12 schooling in the 1980s. Today, the push to make preschool the beginning of public education for all children has gained support in many parts of the country and promises to put early education policy on the national agenda. Yet questions still remain about the best ways to shape policy that will fulfill the promise of preschool.In The Promise of Preschool, Elizabeth Rose traces the history of decisions on early education made by presidents from Lyndon Johnson to George W. Bush, by other lawmakers, and by experts, advocates, activists, and others. Using this historical context as a lens, the book shows how the past shapes today's preschool debate and provides meaningful perspective on the policy questions that need to be addressed as we move forward: Should we provide preschool to all children, or just to the neediest? Should it be run by public schools, or incorporate private child care providers? How do we most effectively ensure educational quality and success?The Promise of Preschool is a balanced, in-depth investigation into these and other important questions and demonstrates how an understanding of the past can stimulate valuable debate about the care and education of young children today.
Book Synopsis Maternal Employment and Children's Development by : Adele Eskeles Gottfried
Download or read book Maternal Employment and Children's Development written by Adele Eskeles Gottfried and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: