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Materials Compatibility Studies For The Spallation Neutron Source
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Book Synopsis Extraict de l'art. 4 du Synode de Flessingue et des mémoires des hauts et puissans seigneurs les Estats de Zélande, du 25. d'avril 1668 qui concernent les affaires du Sr de Labadie by :
Download or read book Extraict de l'art. 4 du Synode de Flessingue et des mémoires des hauts et puissans seigneurs les Estats de Zélande, du 25. d'avril 1668 qui concernent les affaires du Sr de Labadie written by and published by . This book was released on 1668 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials Considerations for the National Spallation Neutron Source Target by :
Download or read book Materials Considerations for the National Spallation Neutron Source Target written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS), in which neutrons are generated by bombarding a liquid mercury target with 1 GeV protons, will place extraordinary demands on materials performance. The target structural material will operate in an aggressive environment, subject to intense fluxes of high energy protons, neutrons, and other particles, while exposed to liquid mercury and to water. Components that require special consideration include the Hg liquid target container and protective shroud, beam windows, support structures, moderator containers, and beam tubes. In response to these demands a materials R and D program has been developed for the NSNS that includes: selection of materials; calculations of radiation damage; irradiations, post irradiation testing, and characterization; compatibility testing and characterization; design and implementation of a plan for monitoring of materials performance in service; and materials engineering and technical support to the project. Irradiations are being carried out in actual and simulated spallation environments. Compatibility experiments in Hg are underway to ascertain whether the phenomena of liquid metal embrittlement and temperature gradient mass transfer will be significant. Results available to date are assessed in terms of the design and operational performance of the facility.
Book Synopsis Materials Consideration for the National Spallation Neutron Source Target by :
Download or read book Materials Consideration for the National Spallation Neutron Source Target written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS), in which neutrons are generated by bombarding a liquid mercury target with 1 GeV protons, will place extraordinary demands on materials performance. The target structural material will operate in an aggressive environment, subject to intense fluxes of high energy protons, neutrons, and other particles, while exposed to liquid mercury and to water. Components that require special consideration include the Hg liquid target container and protective shroud, beam windows, support structures, moderator containers, and beam tubes. In response to these demands a materials R and D program has been developed for the NSNS that includes: selection of materials; calculations of radiation damage; irradiations, post-irradiation testing, and characterization; compatibility testing and characterization; design and implementation of a plan for monitoring of materials performance in service; and materials engineering and technical support to the project. Irradiations are being carried out in actual and simulated spallation environments. Compatibility experiments in Hg are underway to ascertain whether the phenomena of liquid metal embrittlement and temperature gradient mass transfer will be significant. Results available to date are assessed in terms of the design and operational performance of the facility.
Book Synopsis Summary of Mercury Compatibility Issues for the Spallation Neutron Source Target Containment and Ancillary Equipment by : SJ. Pawel
Download or read book Summary of Mercury Compatibility Issues for the Spallation Neutron Source Target Containment and Ancillary Equipment written by SJ. Pawel and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this document is to summarize the primary results of the Hg compatibility research in support of the SNS target. In the absence of possible synergisms resulting from beam/irradiation effects, wetting of 316L/316LN stainless steel under SNS conditions by the Hg target is expected to be very limited. As a result, significant interactions such as dissolution, mass transfer, and embrittlement affecting general compatibility are not anticipated. A wide range of experiments on 316L/316LN stainless steel, including thermal convection and pumped loops, confirmed low corrosion/penetration rates in Hg up to 305 C and little or no wetting or mass transfer below about 250 C.A variety of standard mechanical tests comparing behavior of 316L in air and Hg revealed limited wetting and no degradation of mechanical properties such as reduced elongation or development of brittle fracture features. Preliminary fatigue tests indicated a negative effect (reduced cycles to failure and intergranular cracking) at very high loads for 316LN, but little or no effect at more modest loading. Annealed 316LN was found to be somewhat susceptible to cavitation-erosion damage, but significant improvement was realized with a kolsterizing surface treatment or coldworking the material. Within the scope of these test conditions, no compatibility-limited operations were identified for type 316L/316LN stainless steel (and variations thereof) as the Hg target containment material. More limited compatibility data on other materials are also reported.
Book Synopsis Materials Research Using Cold Neutrons At Pulsed Neutron Sources by : Chun Keung Loong
Download or read book Materials Research Using Cold Neutrons At Pulsed Neutron Sources written by Chun Keung Loong and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999-04-29 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The applications of the use of cold neutrons for condensed matter research at accelerator-based spallation sources are less well-known than that of the use of cold neutrons at reactor sources. This book represents the outcome of the first international workshop on “Materials Research Using Cold Neutrons at Pulsed Sources”. It consists of overviews of the present status and future trends in research opportunities using cold neutrons, as well as topical papers focusing on the areas of small-angle neutron scattering, reflectivity and spectroscopic studies of a rich variety of materials, from adsorbed molecules to thin films to coal to metallic glasses. These papers will benefit researchers who are interested in the characterization of microscopic properties of advanced materials.
Book Synopsis Compatibility of Structural Materials with Liquid Lead-bismuth and Mercury by :
Download or read book Compatibility of Structural Materials with Liquid Lead-bismuth and Mercury written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both liquid Hg and Pb-Bi eutectic have been proposed as possible target materials for spallation neutron sources. During the 1950s and 1960s, a substantial program existed at BNL as part of the Liquid Metal Fuel Reactor program on compatibility of Bi, Pb, and their alloys with structural materials. Subsequently, compatibility studies of Hg with structural materials were performed in support of development of Rankine-cycle Hg turbines for nuclear applications. This paper reviews our understanding of the corrosion/mass-transfer reactions of structural materials with these liquid-metal coolants. Topics discussed include the basic solubility relations of Fe, Cr, Ni, and refractory metals in these liquid metals, results of inhibition studies, role of oxygen on corrosion, and specialized topics such as cavitation corrosion and liquid-metal embrittlement. Emphasis is on utilizing the understanding gained in this earlier work on the development of heavy-liquid-metal targets in spallation neutron sources.
Book Synopsis MW Spallation Neutron Sources for Fusion Materials Testing by :
Download or read book MW Spallation Neutron Sources for Fusion Materials Testing written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Target Designs for the Brookhaven National Laboratory 5-MW Pulsed Spallation Neutron Source by :
Download or read book Target Designs for the Brookhaven National Laboratory 5-MW Pulsed Spallation Neutron Source written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A feasibility study of a compact high power density target for a spallation neutron source was under-taken. The target arrangement consists primarily of heavy metal, with appropriate cooling passages. A high intensity proton beam of intermediate energy is directed at the target, where it interacts with the heavy metal nuclei. The subsequent spallation reactions produce several neutrons per proton resulting in an intense neutron source. The proton beam is assumed to havean energy of 5 MW, and to be cyclic with a repetition rate of 10Hz and 50Hz. The study was divided into two broad sections. First, an analysis of preliminary target designs was undertaken to ensure the overall feasibility of the concepts involved in the design and eventual construction of such a high power density target. Second, two proposed target designs, based on the first set of analyses, are investigated in more detail. Special care is taken to ensure that the neutron fluxes in the moderator are at the desired level no material compatibility problems exist, and the target is able to operate in a reliable and safe manner. Several target materials, coolant types, and target arrangements are investigated in the first section. The second section concentrates on a single target material and geometric arrangement. However, several structural material choices continue to be investigated with the aim of minimizing the effects of structural heating, and associated thermally induced stresses. In the final section the conclusions of this preliminary study are summarized.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Spallation Research by : Detlef Filges
Download or read book Handbook of Spallation Research written by Detlef Filges and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed and comprehensive reference to spallation -- from the foundations to the latest applications is the only work of its kind and is written by two internationally renowned researchers. Clearly divided into three parts, it begins with the basic principles, while the second part describes the proton-nucleus and proton-matter experiments so-called thin and thick target experiments in terms of secondary particle production as hadrons, pions, muons, photons, electrons, light and intermediate masses, isotope production, heating and energy deposition and materials damage. Many of the experiments are associated with studies, investigations and the construction of spallation neutron sources since 1975 with emphasis on the most recent developments. The final part on technology and applications describes the various engineering problems associated with high intensity neutron spallation sources, ATW's, the needed accelerator systems, material and neutron issues, and high energy neutron source shielding aspects. A must-have for engineers and physicists working in or entering this field.
Book Synopsis Materials for Spallation Neutron Sources by :
Download or read book Materials for Spallation Neutron Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Workshop on Materials for Spallation Neutron Sources at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, February 6 to 10, 1995, gathered scientists from Department of Energy national laboratories, other federal institutions, universities, and industry to discuss areas in which work is needed, successful designs and use of materials, and opportunities for further studies. During the first day of the workshop, speakers presented overviews of current spallation neutron sources. During the next 3 days, seven panels allowed speakers to present information on a variety of topics ranging from experimental and theoretical considerations on radiation damage to materials safety issues. An attempt was made to identify specific problems that require attention within the context of spallation neutron sources. This proceedings is a collection of summaries from the overview sessions and the panel presentations.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Nuclear Materials by :
Download or read book Comprehensive Nuclear Materials written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 4871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials in a nuclear environment are exposed to extreme conditions of radiation, temperature and/or corrosion, and in many cases the combination of these makes the material behavior very different from conventional materials. This is evident for the four major technological challenges the nuclear technology domain is facing currently: (i) long-term operation of existing Generation II nuclear power plants, (ii) the design of the next generation reactors (Generation IV), (iii) the construction of the ITER fusion reactor in Cadarache (France), (iv) and the intermediate and final disposal of nuclear waste. In order to address these challenges, engineers and designers need to know the properties of a wide variety of materials under these conditions and to understand the underlying processes affecting changes in their behavior, in order to assess their performance and to determine the limits of operation. Comprehensive Nuclear Materials, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set provides broad ranging, validated summaries of all the major topics in the field of nuclear material research for fission as well as fusion reactor systems. Attention is given to the fundamental scientific aspects of nuclear materials: fuel and structural materials for fission reactors, waste materials, and materials for fusion reactors. The articles are written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with a ready reference resource of information. Most of the chapters from the first Edition have been revised and updated and a significant number of new topics are covered in completely new material. During the ten years between the two editions, the challenge for applications of nuclear materials has been significantly impacted by world events, public awareness, and technological innovation. Materials play a key role as enablers of new technologies, and we trust that this new edition of Comprehensive Nuclear Materials has captured the key recent developments. Critically reviews the major classes and functions of materials, supporting the selection, assessment, validation and engineering of materials in extreme nuclear environments Comprehensive resource for up-to-date and authoritative information which is not always available elsewhere, even in journals Provides an in-depth treatment of materials modeling and simulation, with a specific focus on nuclear issues Serves as an excellent entry point for students and researchers new to the field
Book Synopsis The Savannah River Accelerator Project And Complementary Spallation Neutron Sources by : Frank T Avignone Iii
Download or read book The Savannah River Accelerator Project And Complementary Spallation Neutron Sources written by Frank T Avignone Iii and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-02-24 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume is a collection of papers dealing with the applications of spallation neutron sources to pure science, applied science and defense programs. The topics, ranging from accelerator technology to applications in materials science and neutrino physics, are covered by experts in their respective fields.
Book Synopsis Qualification Tests of Materials for Spallation Neutron Sources by :
Download or read book Qualification Tests of Materials for Spallation Neutron Sources written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several existing and planned facilities, worldwide, use protons at 650-2000 MeV to produce neutrons by spallation reactions. In the advanced spallation neutron sources, materials in the target and blanket structures will be exposed to high-energy proton fluences at 1025-1026/m2 per year. Information obtained in fusion reactor studies are being applied to the design of spallation neutron sources. The APT project is sponsoring a materials qualification program including irradiations in the proton beam and neutron field at the Los Alamos Spallation Radiation Damage Facility.
Book Synopsis Potential Containment Materials for Liquid-lead and Lead-bismuth Eutectic Spallation Neutron Source by :
Download or read book Potential Containment Materials for Liquid-lead and Lead-bismuth Eutectic Spallation Neutron Source written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead (Pb) and lead-bismuth eutectic (44Pb-56Bi) have been the two primary candidate liquid-metal target materials for the production of spallation neutrons. Selection of a container material for the liquid-metal target will greatly affect the lifetime and safety of the target subsystem. For the lead target, niobium-1 (wt%) zirconium (Nb-1Zr) is a candidate containment material for liquid lead, but its poor oxidation resistance has been a major concern. The oxidation rate of Nb-1Zr was studied based on the calculations of thickness loss due to oxidation. According to these calculations, it appeared that uncoated Nb-1Zr may be used for a one-year operation at 900 C at P{sub O{sub 2}} = 1 x 10−6 torr, but the same material may not be used in argon with 5-ppm oxygen. Coating technologies to reduce the oxidation of Nb-1Zr are reviewed, as are other candidate refractory metals such as molybdenum, tantalum, and tungsten. For the Pb-Bi target, three candidate containment materials are suggested based on a literature survey of the materials compatibility and proton irradiation tests: Croloy 2-1/4, modified 9Cr-1Mo, and 12Cr-1Mo (HT-9) steel. These materials seem to be used only if the lead-bismuth is thoroughly deoxidized and treated with zirconium and magnesium.
Book Synopsis Transactions of the American Nuclear Society by : American Nuclear Society
Download or read book Transactions of the American Nuclear Society written by American Nuclear Society and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A proposal for a multi-function materials facility for the spallation neutron source by : Colin G. Windsor
Download or read book A proposal for a multi-function materials facility for the spallation neutron source written by Colin G. Windsor and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fusion Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
