Mastery Dependence And The Ethics Of Authority

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Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority

Author : Aaron Stalnaker
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190052309
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority by : Aaron Stalnaker

Download or read book Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority written by Aaron Stalnaker and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-12-02 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades, skepticism about political and moral experts has grown into a serious social problem, undermining the functioning of liberal democratic regimes. Indeed, meritocracy-that is, government by hard working, public-spirited people with high levels of relevant expertise-has never looked so promising as an alternative to the dangers of know-nothing populism. One cultural tradition has devoted sustained attention to the idea of meritocracy, as well as to the cultivation of true expertise or mastery: Confucianism. Mastery, Dependence, and the Ethics of Authority presents a compelling analysis of expertise and authority, and examines classical Confucian conceptions of mastery, dependence, and human relationships in order to suggest new approaches to these issues in ethics and political theory. Contemporary Westerners are heirs to multiple traditions that are suspicious of authority, especially coercive political authority. We are also increasingly wary of dependence, which now often seems to signify weakness, neediness, and pathology. Analysts commonly presume that both authority and dependence threaten human autonomy, and are thus intrinsically problematic. But these judgments are mistaken. Our capacity for autonomy needs to be cultivated over time through deliberate practices of training, in which we depend on the guidance of virtuous and skilled teachers. Confucian thought provides a subtle and powerful analysis of one version of this training process, and of the social supports such an education in autonomy requires-as well as the social value of having virtuous and skilled leaders. Early Confucians also argue that human life is marked by numerous interacting forms of dependence, which are not only ineradicable, but in many ways good. On a Confucian view, it is natural, healthy, and good for people to be deeply dependent on others in a variety of ways across the full human lifespan. They teach us that individual autonomy only develops within a social matrix, structured by relationships of mutual dependence that can either help or hinder it, including a variety of authority relations.

Why Study Religion?

Author : Richard B. Miller
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197566839
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Study Religion? by : Richard B. Miller

Download or read book Why Study Religion? written by Richard B. Miller and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can the study of religion be justified? Scholarship in religion, especially work in "theory and method," is preoccupied with matters of research procedure and thus inarticulate about the goals that motivate scholarship in the field. For that reason, the field suffers from a crisis of rationale. Richard B. Miller identifies six prevailing methodologies in the field, and then offers an alternative framework for thinking about the purposes of the discipline. Shadowing these various methodologies, he notes, is a Weberian scientific ideal for studying religion, one that aspires to value-neutrality. This ideal fortifies a "regime of truth" that undercuts efforts to think normatively and teleologically about the field's purpose and value. Miller's alternative framework, Critical Humanism, theorizes about the ends rather than the means of humanistic scholarship. Why Study Religion? offers an account of humanistic inquiry that is held together by four values: Post-critical Reasoning, Social Criticism, Cross-cultural Fluency, and Environmental Responsibility. Ordered to such purposes, Miller argues, scholars of religion can relax their commitment to matters of methodological procedure and advocate for the value of studying religion. The future of religious studies will depend on how well it can articulate its goals as a basis for motivating scholarship in the field.

What is Religious Ethics?

Author : Irene Oh
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000815781
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis What is Religious Ethics? by : Irene Oh

Download or read book What is Religious Ethics? written by Irene Oh and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Religious Ethics? An Introduction is an accessible and informative overview to major themes and methods in religious ethics. This concise and lively book demonstrates the relevance and importance of ethics based in religious traditions and describes how scholars of religious ethics think through moral problems. Combining an issues-based approach with a model of studying ethics religion-by-religion, this volume examines pressing topics through a variety of belief systems—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Sikhism—while also importantly spotlighting Indigenous communities. Engaging case studies invite readers to consider the role of religions with regard to issues such as: CRISPR Vegetarianism Nuclear weapons Women’s leadership Reparations for slavery What is Religious Ethics? is a reliable and easily digestible introduction to the field. With chronologically structured chapters, discussion questions, suggestions for further reading, and interviews with scholars of religious ethics, this is an ideal guide to those approaching the study of religious ethics for the first time.

Autonomy, Authority and Moral Responsibility

Author : T. May
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401590303
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Autonomy, Authority and Moral Responsibility by : T. May

Download or read book Autonomy, Authority and Moral Responsibility written by T. May and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions about the relationship between autonomy and authority are raised in nearly every area of moral philosophy. Although the most ob vious of these is political philosophy (especially the philosophy of law), the issues surrounding this relationship are by no means confined to this area. Indeed, as we shall see as this work progresses, the issues raised are central to moral psychology, religion, professional ethics, medical ethics, and the nature of moral systems generally. Although the title of this work is Autonomy. Authority and Moral Responsibility. we shall be concerned with the more general question about the relationship between autonomy (or self-direction) and exter nal influences, which I take to be any guide to behavior whose presence, content or substance is dependent upon something beyond the control of the agent. Something is beyond the control of the agent if the agent cannot determine whether or not it is present, what its content consists of, or whether or not (or in what way) it influences her. These "external" influences may include (but are not necessarily limited to) religious con victions (which guide behavior according to a doctrine whose content is established independently of the agent); moral obligations (which re quire action in accordance with some moral theory); and desires for ob jects or states of affairs whose presence (or absence) is beyond the con trol of the agent. Of course, external influences may also include the requirements of authority or law.

Origins of Moral-political Philosophy in Early China

Author : Tao Jiang
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197603475
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Origins of Moral-political Philosophy in Early China by : Tao Jiang

Download or read book Origins of Moral-political Philosophy in Early China written by Tao Jiang and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new narrative and interpretative framework about the origins of moral-political philosophy that tracks how the three core normative values, humaneness, justice, and personal freedom, were formulated, reformulated, and contested by early Chinese philosophers in their effort to negotiate the relationship among three distinct domains, the personal, the familial, and the political. Such efforts took place as those thinkers were reimagining a new moral-political order, debating its guiding norms, and exploring possible sources within the context of an evolving understanding of He

Emotions across Cultures

Author : David Konstan
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110784319
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Emotions across Cultures by : David Konstan

Download or read book Emotions across Cultures written by David Konstan and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-06-07 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now recognized that emotions have a history. In this book, eleven scholars examine a variety of emotions in ancient China and classical Greece, in their historical and social context. A general introduction presents the major issues in the analysis of emotions across cultures and over time in a given tradition. Subsequent chapters consider how specific emotions evolve and change. For example, whereas for early Chinese thinkers, worry was a moral defect, it was later celebrated as a sign that one took responsibility for things. In ancient Greece, hope did not always focus on a positive outcome, and in this respect differed from what we call “hope.” Daring not to do, or “undaring,” was itself an emotional value in early China. While Aristotle regarded the inability to feel anger as servile, the Roman Stoic Seneca rejected anger entirely. Hatred and revenge were encouraged at one moment in China and repressed at another. Ancient Greek responses to tragedy do not map directly onto modern emotional registers, and yet are similar to classical Chinese and Indian descriptions. There are differences in the very way emotions are conceived. This book will speak to anyone interested in the many ways that human beings feel.

Contemporary Virtue Ethics

Author : Nancy E. Snow
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108586295
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Virtue Ethics by : Nancy E. Snow

Download or read book Contemporary Virtue Ethics written by Nancy E. Snow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Element provides an overview of the central components of recent work in virtue ethics. The first section explores central themes in neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics, while the second turns the discussion to major alternative theoretical perspectives. The third section focuses on two challenges to virtue ethics. The first challenge is the self-centeredness or egoism objection, which is the notion that certain kinds of virtue ethics are inadequate because they advocate a focus on the person's own virtue and flourishing at the expense of, or at least without due regard for, the concerns of others. The second is situationist challenges to the ideas that there are indeed virtues and that personality is integrated enough to support virtues.

Religious Ethics in a Time of Globalism

Author : E. Bucar
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137273038
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (372 download)

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Book Synopsis Religious Ethics in a Time of Globalism by : E. Bucar

Download or read book Religious Ethics in a Time of Globalism written by E. Bucar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains essays on current projects from several rising figures in religious ethics, collected into a field-shaping anthology of new work. As a whole, the book argues that religious ethics should make cultural and moral diversity central to its analysis. This can include three main aspects, in various combinations: first, describing and interpreting particular ethics on the basis of historical, anthropological, or other data; second, comparing such ethics (in the plural), which requires rigorous reflection on the methods and tools of inquiry; and third, engaging in normative argument on the basis of such studies, and thereby speaking to particular moral controversies, as well as contemporary concerns about overlapping identities, cultural complexity and plurality, universalism and relativism, and political problems regarding the coexistence of divergent groups.

Growing Moral

Author : Stephen C. Angle
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190062894
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Growing Moral by : Stephen C. Angle

Download or read book Growing Moral written by Stephen C. Angle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Growing Moral engages its readers to reflect on and to practice the teachings of Confucianism in the contemporary world. It draws on the whole history of Confucianism, focusing on three thinkers from the classical era (Kongzi or Confucius, Mengzi, and Xunzi) and two from the Neo-Confucian era (Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming. In addition to laying out the fundamental teachings of Confucianism, it highlights the enduring and strikingly relevant lessons that Confucianism offers contemporary readers. At its core, this book builds a case for modern Confucianism as a practical way to grow toward more harmonious lives together through reflection, ritual, and compassion; it can help us find balance and joy within our complex and too-often frenetic modern lives. Individual chapter explain how and why to be filial, follow rituals, and cultivate our sprouts of morality; as well as exploring Confucian approaches to reading, music-making, reflection, and socio-political engagement. Overall, the book presents a progressive vision of Confucianism that addresses historical shortcomings within the tradition concerning gender and other forms of hierarchy"--

Archery Metaphor and Ritual in Early Confucian Texts

Author : Rina Marie Camus
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498597211
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Archery Metaphor and Ritual in Early Confucian Texts by : Rina Marie Camus

Download or read book Archery Metaphor and Ritual in Early Confucian Texts written by Rina Marie Camus and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archery Metaphor and Ritual in Early Confucian Texts explores the significance of archery as ritual practice and image source in classical Confucian texts. Archery was one of the six traditional arts of China, the foremost military skill, a tool for education, and above all, an important custom of the rulers and aristocrats of the early dynasties. Rina Marie Camus analyzes passages inspired by archery in the texts of the Analects, Mencius, and Xunzi in relation to the shifting social and historical conditions of the late Zhou dynasty, the troubled times of early followers of the ruist master Confucius. Camus posits that archery imagery is recurrent and touches on fundamental themes of literature; ritual archers in the Analects, sharp shooters in Mencius, and the fashioning of exquisite bows and arrows in Xunzi represent the gentleman, pursuit of ren, and self-cultivation. Furthermore, Camus argues that not only is archery an important Confucian metaphor, it also proves the cognitive value of literary metaphors—more than linguistic ornamentation, metaphoric utterances have features and resonances that disclose their speakers’ saliencies of thought.

Michael Slote Encountering Chinese Philosophy

Author : Yong Huang
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350129860
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Michael Slote Encountering Chinese Philosophy by : Yong Huang

Download or read book Michael Slote Encountering Chinese Philosophy written by Yong Huang and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michael Slote is one of the most prominent philosophers working in the discipline today. By creating a two-way dialogue between philosophers specializing in Chinese philosophy and a central thinker from the Anglo-American tradition, this volume brings cross-cultural philosophy to life. From his early contributions in ethics, metaethics, philosophy of mind, moral psychology and epistemology to his recent investigations into the relationship between Western philosophy and Chinese philosophy, an international team of scholars of Chinese philosophy cover Slote's sentimentalism, his understanding of Chinese concepts Yin and Yang and explores the role Early Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism can play in his work. Each chapter extends Slote's ideas by considering them from a Chinese philosophical perspective and Slote is given the opportunity to respond to each of the contributors' interpretation of his work. Applied to Classical works such as the Zhuangzi and the Yijing, his ground-breaking thoughts on morality, care ethics and empathy are taken in new, exciting directions.

The Politics of Ritual

Author : Molly Farneth
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691198926
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Ritual by : Molly Farneth

Download or read book The Politics of Ritual written by Molly Farneth and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illuminating look at the transformative role that rituals play in our political lives The Politics of Ritual is a major new account of the political power of rituals. In this incisive and wide-ranging book, Molly Farneth argues that rituals are social practices in which people create, maintain, and transform themselves and their societies. Far from mere scripts or mechanical routines, rituals are dynamic activities bound up in processes of continuity and change. Emphasizing the significance of rituals in democratic engagement, Farneth shows how people adapt their rituals to redraw the boundaries of their communities, reallocate goods and power within them, and cultivate the habits of citizenship. Transforming our understanding of rituals and their vital role in the political conflicts and social movements of our time, The Politics of Ritual examines a broad range of rituals enacted to just and democratic ends, including border Eucharists, candlelight vigils, and rituals of mourning. This timely book makes a persuasive case for an innovative democratic ritual life that can enable people to create and sustain communities that are more just, inclusive, and participatory than those in which they find themselves.

The Flight from Authority

Author : Jeffrey Stout
Publisher : Notre Dame : University of Notre Dame Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Flight from Authority by : Jeffrey Stout

Download or read book The Flight from Authority written by Jeffrey Stout and published by Notre Dame : University of Notre Dame Press. This book was released on 1981 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jeffrey Stout argues that modern thought was born in a crisis of authority, took shape in flight from authority, and aspired to autonomy from all traditional influence. The quest for autonomy was an attempt to begin completely anew. As such it was bound to fail. Stout traces the secularization of public discourse and its effect on the relation between theism and culture as well as the severance of morality from traditional moorings in favor of autonomy. He is unabashedly historical in his approach, defending the thesis that all thought is historically conditioned and that historical insight is essential to self-understanding. Each section of the book takes up a major problem in contemporary philosophy - the nature of knowledge, the rationality of religious belief, the autonomy of morality- and sets that problem against the background of early modern disputes over authority. The result is simultaneously a critique of ahistorical biases, a survey of major developments in modern thought, and a normative treatment of the problems addressed. The book culminates in the final section with an account of post-Kantian concern with the autonomy of morals. Morality attained relative independence as a form of discourse only in the modern period, but the nature of this independence is distorted when construed in foundationalist or Kantian terms. After criticizing methodological assumptions in recent moral philosophy and religious ethics, Stout sketches his own account of the emergence of autonomy for morality, stressing the need for substantial rethinking of the relationship between religion and ethics. In a concluding chapter, he places his own position in relation to the philosophical tradition descendant from Hegel.

Epistemic Authority

Author : Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199936471
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Epistemic Authority by : Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski

Download or read book Epistemic Authority written by Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gives an extended argument for epistemic authority from the implications of reflective self-consciousness. Epistemic authority is compatible with autonomy, but epistemic self-reliance is incoherent. The book argues that epistemic and emotional self-trust are rational and inescapable, that consistent self-trust commits us to trust in others, and that among those we are committed to trusting are some whom we ought to treat as epistemic authorities, modelled on the well-known principles of authority of Joseph Raz. Some of these authorities can be in the moral and religious domains. The book investigates the way the problem of disagreement between communities or between the self and others is a conflict within self-trust, and argue against communal self-reliance on the same grounds as the book uses in arguing against individual self-reliance. The book explains how any change in belief is justified--by the conscientious judgment that the change will survive future conscientious self-reflection. The book concludes with an account of autonomy. --Publisher's description.

The Limits of Moral Authority

Author : Dale Dorsey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (956 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of Moral Authority by : Dale Dorsey

Download or read book The Limits of Moral Authority written by Dale Dorsey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ethics of Coercion and Authority

Author : Timo Airaksinen
Publisher : Pittsburgh, Pa. : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics of Coercion and Authority by : Timo Airaksinen

Download or read book Ethics of Coercion and Authority written by Timo Airaksinen and published by Pittsburgh, Pa. : University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Virtues of Independence and Dependence on Virtues

Author : Ludvig Beckman
Publisher : Transaction Pub
ISBN 13 : 9780765801739
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Virtues of Independence and Dependence on Virtues by : Ludvig Beckman

Download or read book Virtues of Independence and Dependence on Virtues written by Ludvig Beckman and published by Transaction Pub. This book was released on 2003 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debate about the concept of virtue is a persistent theme in academic discourse. One strand of thinking attempts to examine and reconstruct ethical theories with the aim of formulating a new morality or ethics. A second strand of thought, more strongly represented in this work, attempts to explore the social and political world deploying the concept of virtue. Thus, this volume crosses the established borders of academic disciplines in order to provide a richer and more comprehensive understanding of the place of virtues in contemporary western societies. The editors hold that the dominating virtue of our culture and society is the virtue of independence. Yet independence, or individual autonomy, is contingent upon a diverse, and so far ill-understood, set of cultural, biological, economic, ethical, and political practices. The idea of individuality is in other words supervening on a web of formal and informal relations. This volume therefore attempts to improve our understanding of the prevailing ethos of independence as well as of the mechanisms and practices sustaining it. Virtues are examined in specific contexts. Authors explore what we can learn about our dependence on virtues from the archaic Greek culture. They examine the relevance of virtue-ethics to the understanding of day-to-day practices. And they look at the place of virtues in understanding the norms of independence and liberty. Other contributions attend to the virtues of independence and its challenges, examining possible philosophical challenges, questioning whether independence is always a virtue, and how the virtues of justice fare given a commitment to the virtues of independence. The final portion of the book explore the empirical consequences of the virtues of independence. Among the questions addressed are how personal independence affects political and economic institutions, and the connections between norms of independence and the growth of modernity. This volume is an important contribution to contemporary understanding of what constitutes virtuous and ethical behavior. Ludvig Beckman teaches political theory in the department of government at Uppsala University. He is the author of The Liberal State and the Politics of Virtue, and has written several articles on liberal political thought. Emil Uddhammar is research director at the City University of Stockholm, and is the co-editor (with Richard Swedberg) of Sociological Endeavor, a festschrift in honor of Hans L. Zetterberg.