Mass Estimation Of Massive Galaxy Clusters Using Weak Gravitational Lensing

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Gravitational Lensing: Strong, Weak and Micro

Author : Peter Schneider
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540303103
Total Pages : 565 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Gravitational Lensing: Strong, Weak and Micro by : Peter Schneider

Download or read book Gravitational Lensing: Strong, Weak and Micro written by Peter Schneider and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-12-30 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The observation, in 1919 by A.S. Eddington and collaborators, of the gra- tational de?ection of light by the Sun proved one of the many predictions of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity: The Sun was the ?rst example of a gravitational lens. In 1936, Albert Einstein published an article in which he suggested - ing stars as gravitational lenses. A year later, Fritz Zwicky pointed out that galaxies would act as lenses much more likely than stars, and also gave a list of possible applications, as a means to determine the dark matter content of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. It was only in 1979 that the ?rst example of an extragalactic gravitational lens was provided by the observation of the distant quasar QSO 0957+0561, by D. Walsh, R.F. Carswell, and R.J. Weymann. A few years later, the ?rst lens showing images in the form of arcs was detected. The theory, observations, and applications of gravitational lensing cons- tute one of the most rapidly growing branches of astrophysics. The gravi- tional de?ection of light generated by mass concentrations along a light path producesmagni?cation,multiplicity,anddistortionofimages,anddelaysp- ton propagation from one line of sight relative to another. The huge amount of scienti?c work produced over the last decade on gravitational lensing has clearly revealed its already substantial and wide impact, and its potential for future astrophysical applications.

The Extragalactic Distance Scale

Author : Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521591645
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Extragalactic Distance Scale by : Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium

Download or read book The Extragalactic Distance Scale written by Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-06-28 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the hottest debates in astronomy and cosmology today concerns the value of the Hubble constant. This constant is of paramount importance since it fixes the size and age of the Universe. At a symposium at the Space Telescope Science Institute, experts from around the world presented the latest results from a plethora of techniques for determining the Hubble constant. The value has always been controversial, but at this meeting experts' results agreed for the first time to within about 20%. Based on the meeting, this book presents twenty-three specially written review articles. They provide a comprehensive account of the Hubble-constant debate with the latest results from gravitational lensing, supernovae and novae, the Tully-Fisher relation, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, globular clusters, planetary nebulae, light echoes, and the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project. This timely volume provides a standard reference for graduate students and researchers in astronomy and cosmology.

Modern Cosmology

Author : Scott Dodelson
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0122191412
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (221 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Cosmology by : Scott Dodelson

Download or read book Modern Cosmology written by Scott Dodelson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2003-03-13 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced text for senior undergraduates, graduate students and physical scientists in fields outside cosmology. This is a self-contained book focusing on the linear theory of the evolution of density perturbations in the universe, and the anisotropiesin the cosmic microwave background.

Formation of Structure in the Universe

Author : Avishai Dekel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521586320
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (863 download)

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Book Synopsis Formation of Structure in the Universe by : Avishai Dekel

Download or read book Formation of Structure in the Universe written by Avishai Dekel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-04-15 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook provides an up-to-date and comprehensive introduction to the very active field of structure formation in cosmology. It is written by eleven world-leading authorities. Written in a clear and pedagogical style appropriate for graduate students in astronomy and physics, this textbook introduces the reader to a wide range of exciting topics in contemporary cosmology: from recent advances in redshift surveys, to the latest models in gravitational lensing and cosmological simulations. The authors are all world-renowned experts both for their research and teaching skills. In the fast-moving field of structure formation, this book provides advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a welcome textbook which unites the latest theory and observations.

Introduction to Gravitational Lensing

Author : Massimo Meneghetti
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030735826
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Gravitational Lensing by : Massimo Meneghetti

Download or read book Introduction to Gravitational Lensing written by Massimo Meneghetti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the phenomenology of gravitational lensing in an accessible manner and provides a thorough discussion of the related astrophysical applications. It is intended for advanced undergraduates and graduate students who want to start working in this rapidly evolving field. This includes also senior researchers who are interested in ongoing or future surveys and missions such as DES, Euclid, WFIRST, LSST. The reader is guided through many fascinating topics related to gravitational lensing like the structure of our galaxy, the searching for exoplanets, the investigation of dark matter in galaxies and galaxy clusters, and several aspects of cosmology, including dark energy and the cosmic microwave background. The author, who has gained valuable experience as academic teacher, guides the readers towards the comprehension of the theory of gravitational lensing and related observational techniques by using simple codes written in python. This approach, beyond facilitating the understanding of gravitational lensing, is preparatory for learning the python programming language which is gaining large popularity both in academia and in the private sector.

Principles of Gravitational Lensing

Author : Arthur B. Congdon
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303002122X
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Gravitational Lensing by : Arthur B. Congdon

Download or read book Principles of Gravitational Lensing written by Arthur B. Congdon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an introduction to gravitational lensing, which has become an invaluable tool in modern astrophysics, with applications that range from finding planets orbiting distant stars to understanding how dark matter and dark energy conspired to form the cosmic structures we see today. Principles of Gravitational Lensing begins with Einstein’s prediction that gravity bends light, and shows how that fundamental idea has spawned a rich field of study over the past century. The gravitational deflection of light was first detected by Eddington during a solar eclipse in May 1919, launching Einstein and his theory of relativity into public view. Yet the possibility of using the phenomenon to unlock mysteries of the Universe seemed remote, given the technology of the day. Theoretical work was carried out sporadically over the next six decades, but only with the discovery of the system Q0957+561 in 1979 was gravitational lensing transformed from a curiosity of general relativity into a practical observational tool. This book describes how the three subfields known as strong lensing, weak lensing, and microlensing have grown independently but become increasingly intertwined. Drawing on their research experience, Congdon and Keeton begin with the basic physics of light bending, then present the mathematical foundations of gravitational lensing, building up to current research topics in a clear and systematic way. Relevant background material from physics and mathematics is included, making the book self-contained. The derivations and explanations are supplemented by exercises designed to help students master the theoretical concepts as well as the methods that drive current research. An extensive bibliography guides those wishing to delve more deeply into particular areas of interest. Principles of Gravitational Lensing is ideal for advanced students and seasoned researchers looking to penetrate this thriving subject and even contribute research of their own.

Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters

Author : L. Feretti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306480964
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters by : L. Feretti

Download or read book Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters written by L. Feretti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers are the mechanisms by which galaxy clusters are assembled through the hierarchical growth of smaller clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the Universe since the Big Bang. Many of the observed properties of clusters depend on the physics of the merging process. These include substructure, shock, intra cluster plasma temperature and entropy structure, mixing of heavy elements within the intra cluster medium, acceleration of high-energy particles, formation of radio halos and the effects on the galaxy radio emission. This book reviews our current understanding of cluster merging from an observational and theoretical perspective, and is appropriate for both graduate students and researchers in the field.

Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution

Author : Ignacio Ferreras
Publisher : UCL Press
ISBN 13 : 1911307614
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution by : Ignacio Ferreras

Download or read book Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution written by Ignacio Ferreras and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxies, along with their underlying dark matter halos, constitute the building blocks of structure in the Universe. Of all fundamental forces, gravity is the dominant one that drives the evolution of structures from small density seeds at early times to the galaxies we see today. The interactions among myriads of stars, or dark matter particles, in a gravitating structure produce a system with fascinating connotations to thermodynamics, with some analogies and some fundamental differences. Ignacio Ferreras presents a concise introduction to extragalactic astrophysics, with emphasis on stellar dynamics, and the growth of density fluctuations in an expanding Universe. Additional chapters are devoted to smaller systems (stellar clusters) and larger ones (galaxy clusters). Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution is written for advanced undergraduates and beginning postgraduate students, providing a useful tool to get up to speed in a starting research career. Some of the derivations for the most important results are presented in detail to enable students appreciate the beauty of maths as a tool to understand the workings of galaxies. Each chapter includes a set of problems to help the student advance with the material.

Precision Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys

Author : Hao-Yi Wu
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Precision Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys by : Hao-Yi Wu

Download or read book Precision Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys written by Hao-Yi Wu and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acceleration of the universe, which is often attributed to "dark energy, " has posed one of the main challenges to fundamental physics. Galaxy clusters provide one of the most sensitive probes of dark energy because their abundance reflects the growth rate of large-scale structure and the expansion rate of the universe. Several large galaxy cluster surveys will soon provide tremendous statistical power to constrain the properties of dark energy; however, the constraining power of these surveys will be determined by how well systematic errors are controlled. Of these systematic errors, the dominant one comes from inferring cluster masses using observable signals of clusters, the so-called "observable--mass distribution." This thesis focuses on extracting dark energy information from forthcoming large galaxy cluster surveys, including how we maximize the cosmological information, how we control important systematics, and how precisely we need to calibrate theoretical models. We study how multi-wavelength follow-up observations can improve cluster mass calibration in optical surveys. We also investigate the impact of theoretical uncertainties in calibrating the spatial distributions of galaxy clusters on dark energy constraints. In addition, we explore how the formation history of galaxy clusters impacts the self-calibration of cluster mass. In addition, we use N-body simulations to develop a new statistical sample of cluster-size halos in order to further understand the observable--mass distribution. We study the completeness of subhalos in our cluster sample by comparing them with the satellite galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We also study how subhalo selections impact the inferred correlation between formation time and optical mass tracers, including cluster richness and velocity dispersion.

Outskirts of Galaxies

Author : Johan H. Knapen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319565702
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Outskirts of Galaxies by : Johan H. Knapen

Download or read book Outskirts of Galaxies written by Johan H. Knapen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-09 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of invited reviews written by world-renowned experts on the subject of the outskirts of galaxies, an upcoming field which has been understudied so far. These regions are faint and hard to observe, yet hide a tremendous amount of information on the origin and early evolution of galaxies. They thus allow astronomers to address some of the most topical problems, such as gaseous and satellite accretion, radial migration, and merging. The book is published in conjunction with the celebration of the end of the four-year DAGAL project, an EU-funded initial training network, and with a major international conference on the topic held in March 2016 in Toledo. It thus reflects not only the views of the experts, but also the scientific discussions and progress achieved during the project and the meeting. The reviews in the book describe the most modern observations of the outer regions of our own Galaxy, and of galaxies in the local and high-redshift Universe. They tackle disks, haloes, streams, and accretion as observed through deep imaging and spectroscopy, and guide the reader through the various formation and evolution scenarios for galaxies. The reviews focus on the major open questions in the field, and explore how they can be tackled in the future. This book provides a unique entry point into the field for graduate students and non-specialists, and serves as a reference work for researchers in this exciting new field.

Gravitational Lensing: An Astrophysical Tool

Author : Frederic Courbin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540458573
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Gravitational Lensing: An Astrophysical Tool by : Frederic Courbin

Download or read book Gravitational Lensing: An Astrophysical Tool written by Frederic Courbin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravitational lensing is by now sufficiently well understood that it can be used as a tool of investigation in other astrophysical areas. Applications include the determination of the Hubble constant, probing the dark matter context of galaxies and the mapping of the universe to the identification of otherwise invisible large-scale structures. Each chapter of the book covers in a self-contained manner a subfield of gravitational lensing, with the double aim of describing in a simple way the basics of the theory and of reviewing the most recent developments as well as applications foreseen in the near future. The book will thus be particularly useful as a high-level textbook for nonspecialist researchers and advanced students wishing to become familiar with the field all the way up to the forefront of research.

Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters (IAU C195)

Author : International Astronomical Union. Colloquium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521849081
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters (IAU C195) by : International Astronomical Union. Colloquium

Download or read book Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters (IAU C195) written by International Astronomical Union. Colloquium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-12-16 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Colloquium no. 195, held in Torino, Italy in 2004. The meeting investigated the formation of galaxies within a full cosmological context, focusing on the outer regions of galaxy clusters. The observed correlation of optical and radio properties of galaxies with their environment indicates that the formation and evolution of galaxies is intimately linked to the formation of large scale structure. With chapters written by leading authorities in the field, this timely volume investigates the role of the environment in determining the properties of galaxies. It describes the distribution of matter and galaxies on the largest scales in the Universe, the processes of cluster and galaxy formation, their role and interplay. This is a valuable collection of review articles for professional astronomers.

Galactic Dynamics

Author : James Binney
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400828724
Total Pages : 902 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Galactic Dynamics by : James Binney

Download or read book Galactic Dynamics written by James Binney and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-30 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since it was first published in 1987, Galactic Dynamics has become the most widely used advanced textbook on the structure and dynamics of galaxies and one of the most cited references in astrophysics. Now, in this extensively revised and updated edition, James Binney and Scott Tremaine describe the dramatic recent advances in this subject, making Galactic Dynamics the most authoritative introduction to galactic astrophysics available to advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers. Every part of the book has been thoroughly overhauled, and many sections have been completely rewritten. Many new topics are covered, including N-body simulation methods, black holes in stellar systems, linear stability and response theory, and galaxy formation in the cosmological context. Binney and Tremaine, two of the world's leading astrophysicists, use the tools of theoretical physics to describe how galaxies and other stellar systems work, succinctly and lucidly explaining theoretical principles and their applications to observational phenomena. They provide readers with an understanding of stellar dynamics at the level needed to reach the frontiers of the subject. This new edition of the classic text is the definitive introduction to the field. ? A complete revision and update of one of the most cited references in astrophysics Provides a comprehensive description of the dynamical structure and evolution of galaxies and other stellar systems Serves as both a graduate textbook and a resource for researchers Includes 20 color illustrations, 205 figures, and more than 200 problems Covers the gravitational N-body problem, hierarchical galaxy formation, galaxy mergers, dark matter, spiral structure, numerical simulations, orbits and chaos, equilibrium and stability of stellar systems, evolution of binary stars and star clusters, and much more Companion volume to Galactic Astronomy, the definitive book on the phenomenology of galaxies and star clusters

A Pan-Chromatic View of Clusters of Galaxies and the Large-Scale Structure

Author : Manolis Plionis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400786936
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (869 download)

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Book Synopsis A Pan-Chromatic View of Clusters of Galaxies and the Large-Scale Structure by : Manolis Plionis

Download or read book A Pan-Chromatic View of Clusters of Galaxies and the Large-Scale Structure written by Manolis Plionis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reviews presented in this volume cover a huge range of cluster of galaxies topics. Readers will find the book essential reading on subjects such as the physics of the ICM gas, the internal cluster dynamics, and the detection of clusters using different observational techniques. The expert chapter authors also cover the huge advances being made in analytical or numerical modeling of clusters, weak and strong lensing effects, and the large scale structure as traced by clusters.

Particle Dark Matter

Author : Gianfranco Bertone
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521763681
Total Pages : 763 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Particle Dark Matter by : Gianfranco Bertone

Download or read book Particle Dark Matter written by Gianfranco Bertone and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 763 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the dark matter problem in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology for graduate students and researchers.

Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030917113X
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos by : National Research Council

Download or read book Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.

Particles And The Universe: From The Ionian School To The Higgs Boson And Beyond

Author : Stephan Narison
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814644714
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Particles And The Universe: From The Ionian School To The Higgs Boson And Beyond by : Stephan Narison

Download or read book Particles And The Universe: From The Ionian School To The Higgs Boson And Beyond written by Stephan Narison and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-11-27 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to present the history and developments of particle physics from the introduction of the notion of particles by the Ionian school until the discovery of the Higgs boson at LHC in 2012. Neutrino experiments and particle accelerators where different particles have been discovered are reviewed. In particular, details about the CERN accelerators are presented. This book also discusses the future developments of the field and the work to popularize high energy physics. A short presentation of some features of astrophysics and its connection to particle physics is also included. At the end of the book, some useful tools in the research of particle physics are given for the advanced readers.