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Mars On Earth A Study Of The Qaidam Basin
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Book Synopsis Mars On Earth: A Study Of The Qaidam Basin by : Long Xiao
Download or read book Mars On Earth: A Study Of The Qaidam Basin written by Long Xiao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mars has been extensively photographed by cameras and compositionally detected by spectrometers onboard orbiters on a global scale, and explored in-situ by landers and rovers at both local and outcrop scales in different locations. The results have proved that the Martian surface is rich in Earth-like geomorphologies, and the study of terrestrial analogs to Mars has been listed as one of the highest priorities of Martian science. With increasing new discoveries by in-situ explorations, Mars exploration has begun to enter the era of focusing on detailed analyses at regional to outcrop levels, rather than global mapping. Analog studies are playing a crucial role in this transition, making this book, which introduces the methodology and provides cases for readers, essentially important.Dozens of sites on Earth have been listed as analog targets for comparative study with the geomorphology, geology, geochemistry, environment and habitability of Mars. However, due to the diversity of landforms and forming mechanisms, and the long history of Mars, no single analog site on Earth can be fully compared to Mars. Nonetheless, the Qaidam Basin has been listed as an unique Mars analog site for studying the red planet's geomorphology, geology, and environmental changes, particularly regarding the evolution of paleolakes on Mars. This kind of setting has always been listed as a top priority for the search of life on Mars.This book contains first-hand information and on-site images obtained by the work's contributing authors, and is an essential read for anyone interested in Martian geomorphology and its evolution processes and history.
Book Synopsis New Advances in Lunar and Related Planetary Studies by : Bojing Zhu
Download or read book New Advances in Lunar and Related Planetary Studies written by Bojing Zhu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-14 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many facets of studies in planetary science are dependent on analyzing large volumes of in-situ and spacecraft data. Our understanding of the lunar evolution and its connection to deeper interior layers has been dramatically improved by the so-called deep space exploration missions, including NASA’s lunar reconnaissance orbiter narrow-angle camera, China’s Moon and Mar exploration program, and Chang’e series lunar relay satellite program, in coordination with Earth-based supporting observations. From Apollo 17 lunar surface operations (1972), there are many related operations including China’s lunar and deep space exploration (Chang’e-1 2007; Chang’e-2 2010; Chang’e-3 2013; Chang’e-4 2018; Chang’e-5 2020). On the 50th anniversary of the final Apollo mission to the Moon, this topic will bring together theory, numerical models, and observations capable of advancing our understanding of lunar evolution.
Book Synopsis Ceres: An Ice-rich World In The Inner Solar System by : Jian-yang Li
Download or read book Ceres: An Ice-rich World In The Inner Solar System written by Jian-yang Li and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-01-17 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to NASA's Dawn mission, the last half-decade has witnessed a significant advance in our understanding of Ceres. The largest object between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, Ceres is the most water-rich body in the inner solar system after Earth which shows evidence of brine-driven activity in its recent history, and even possibly at the present. The potential existence of a subsurface ocean or regional seas in Ceres and its salt- and organic-rich composition underscore its astro-biological significance. After signaling the discovery of the asteroid belt more than two centuries ago, Ceres once again reveals new insights for us to understand the formation, evolution, and habitability of this large icy body in our solar system.This book reviews the current state of knowledge about Ceres after the extensive scientific exploration by the Dawn mission. Starting from the introduction of the discovery of Ceres and what we know about this enigmatic world before Dawn's arrival, each chapter focuses on one aspect of Ceres, including its surface composition, its geology, the role of water ice in shaping Ceres's surface, its interior structure, and expressions of cryovolcanic or brine activity at the surface. Following this framework, the book addresses the astro-biological significance of Ceres. The last chapter summarizes the new questions opened by the Dawn mission and the next step to exploring the dwarf planet closest to Earth.Related Link(s)
Book Synopsis Neutral-atom Astronomy: Plasma Diagnostics From The Aurora To The Interstellar Medium by : Ke Chiang Hsieh
Download or read book Neutral-atom Astronomy: Plasma Diagnostics From The Aurora To The Interstellar Medium written by Ke Chiang Hsieh and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-05-20 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astronomy has been associated with the detection of electromagnetic waves or photons from within and beyond the solar system, ranging from Radio to Gamma-ray Astronomy. Particle Astrophysics, including Neutrino and Dark-Matter Astrophysics today, started with the discovery of cosmic rays in 1911. The Space Age expanded particle observations to in-situ studies of lower energy electrons and ions with a variety of charge states in space plasmas traversed by spacecraft. Remote observation of space plasmas became possible only after the discovery of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) in space in 1950.This book is a primer for those who wish to learn more about the origins of ENAs, related detection techniques, and how ENA images and spectra can be used to study space plasmas beyond the reach of spacecraft. It tells a comprehensive story from the first encounters with ENAs in the Earth's magnetosphere to Neutral-Atom Astronomy of the edge of the heliosphere and the interstellar medium. This story includes how ion mass spectrographs evolved into ENA imagers, overcoming the technical challenges, how to extract information from ENA data, and a variety of diagnostic applications on the magnetosphere, interplanetary space, other solar-system objects, the heliospheric boundary, the local interstellar medium, and a glimpse into the future of Neutral-Atom Astronomy.The authors hope to inform and inspire readers to further enrich this field of study.
Book Synopsis Martian Gullies and their Earth Analogues by : S.J. Conway
Download or read book Martian Gullies and their Earth Analogues written by S.J. Conway and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2019-01-21 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gullies on Mars resemble terrestrial gullies involved in the transport of abundant material down steep slopes by liquid water. However, liquid water should not be stable at the Martian surface. The articles in this volume present the two main opposing theories for Martian gully formation: climate-driven melting of surficial water-ice deposits and seasonal dry-ice sublimation. The evidence presented ranges from remote-sensing observations, to experimental simulations, to comparison with Earth analogues. The opposing hypotheses imply either that Mars has been unusually wet in the last few million years or that it has remained a cold dry desert – both with profound implications for understanding the water budget of Mars and its habitability. The debate questions the limits of remote-sensing data and how we interpret active processes on extra-terrestrial planetary surfaces, even beyond those on Mars, as summarized by the review paper at the beginning of the book.
Book Synopsis The Geology of Mars by : Mary Chapman
Download or read book The Geology of Mars written by Mary Chapman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-17 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interpretations of the geological processes operating on Mars are based on our knowledge of processes occurring on Earth. This 2007 book presents contributions from leading planetary geologists to demonstrate the parallels and differences between these two planets, and will therefore be a key reference for students and researchers of planetary science.
Book Synopsis Mars analogs: Environment, Habitability and Biodiversity by : Yiliang Li
Download or read book Mars analogs: Environment, Habitability and Biodiversity written by Yiliang Li and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-15 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Martian surface contains diverse lithologies (from sedimentary rocks to mafic-ultramafic igneous rocks) and ground patterns. These rocks record the late-stage evolution on the Martian surface from a temperate environment with bodies of liquid water to the current cold and hyper-arid environment. The constraints on the key parameters and processes for water-rock interaction, sedimentation of materials, and geomorphological development can provide important insights into the environmental change and habitability on the Martian surface. However, due to the difficulty in accessing Martian samples and limited remote-sensing data available from the Martian surface, most of the mysteries on Mars remain unraveled. In this proposed research topic we will focus on geological settings on Earth that are similar to the conditions on Mars. These Mars analogs are employed to infer possible processes on Mars and their impact on habitability and the search for life. The Mars analogs on Earth span a variety of environments, such as the super-arid sedimentary plains (e.g., the Qaidam Basin in the north of the Tibetan Plateau, the Mojave Basin in the USA, and the Atacama Desert in South America), the subsurface fracture waters in Precambrian cratons (e.g., the Canadian Shield, the Fennoscandian Shield, and the Kaapvaal Craton), high salinity localities (e.g. Laguna de Tírez, salt mines, and deep-sea brines) as well as extremely cold and highly radiative environments (e.g., polar regions, thin atmosphere). These settings on Earth are more accessible for collecting high-quality mineralogical, geochemical, geochronological, and microbiological data by the state-of-the-art facilities. These data can provide a solid cornerstone for us to understand the cycles of water and other life-essential elements, and their impact on habitability and biodiversity in extreme environments on Earth as well as the limits of life and the detection of biosignatures. Such research can also provide vital insights on the search for life on other planets and moons.
Book Synopsis Megaflooding on Earth and Mars by : Devon M. Burr
Download or read book Megaflooding on Earth and Mars written by Devon M. Burr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-24 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Megaflooding is the sudden discharge of exceptional volumes of water. Megafloods have significantly altered the terrain of Earth and Mars, and may have acted as triggers for climate change on these planets. Recently, research into megaflooding has made important advances: on Earth, real-time measurements of contemporary floods in Iceland complement research into older and larger terrestrial floods, while on Mars terabytes of data from several spacecraft orbiting that planet are dramatically revising our view of flooding there. Beginning with a historical overview of flood science, the book presents sections on morphology and mechanisms, flood sedimentology, and modelling, each illustrated with examples from Earth and Mars. By juxtaposing terrestrial and Martian research, this volume creates a unique synthesis to further our understanding of these enormous paleoflood events. It is an invaluable reference for researchers and students of hydrology, geomorphology, sedimentology and planetary science, as well as environmental and hydraulic engineers.
Book Synopsis Community Series-Extremophiles: Microbial Genomics and Taxogenomics, Volume II by : Rafael R. de la Haba
Download or read book Community Series-Extremophiles: Microbial Genomics and Taxogenomics, Volume II written by Rafael R. de la Haba and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-02-08 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Research Topic is the second volume of the 'Community series-Extremophiles: Microbial Genomics and Taxogenomics'. Please see the first volume here. Extreme habitats exist across the globe and span over three quarters of our planet. They can be widely different from a physical-chemical perspective as they include diverse types of extreme, such as temperature, pH, salinity, radiation, pressure, low water activity, low nutrient availability, etc. Organisms capable of adjusting, surviving, or thriving in those habitats, which are so hostile that they were previously thought to be adverse or lethal for life, are called “extremophiles”.
Book Synopsis Environmental Change in Drylands: Past, Present, Future by : Kathryn Elizabeth Fitzsimmons
Download or read book Environmental Change in Drylands: Past, Present, Future written by Kathryn Elizabeth Fitzsimmons and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-07 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Recent Remote Sensing Sensor Applications by : Maged Marghany
Download or read book Recent Remote Sensing Sensor Applications written by Maged Marghany and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-10-26 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of remote sensing and its various applications. In remote sensing applications, various sensors that begin as both active and passive sensors are used. Active remote sensing transmits electromagnetic radiation that is both emitted and reflected, in contrast to passive remote sensing, which merely measures electromagnetic radiation that is reflected from the target. This book includes nine chapters that examine remote sensing for detecting ice, tracking and monitoring deforestation, identifying crop regions infected with disease, mineral and geological mapping, and much more.
Book Synopsis Lakes on Mars by : Nathalie A. Cabrol
Download or read book Lakes on Mars written by Nathalie A. Cabrol and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-09-15 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Earth, lakes provide favorable environments for the development of life and its preservation as fossils. They are extremely sensitive to climate fluctuations and to conditions within their watersheds. As such, lakes are unique markers of the impact of environmental changes. Past and current missions have now demonstrated that water once flowed at the surface of Mars early in its history. Evidence of ancient ponding has been uncovered at scales ranging from a few kilometers to possibly that of the Arctic ocean. Whether life existed on Mars is still unknown; upcoming missions may find critical evidence to address this question in ancient lakebeds as clues about Mars’ climate evolution and its habitability potential are still preserved in their sedimentary record. Lakes on Mars is the first review on this subject. It is written by leading planetary scientists who have dedicated their careers to searching and exploring the questions of water, lakes, and oceans on Mars through their involvement in planetary exploration, and the analysis of orbital and ground data beginning with Viking up to the most recent missions. In thirteen chapters, Lakes on Mars critically discusses new data and explores the role that water played in the evolution of the surface of Mars, the past hydrological provinces of the planet, the possibility of heated lake habitats through enhanced geothermal flux associated with volcanic activity and impact cratering. The book also explores alternate hypotheses to explain the geological record. Topographic, morphologic, stratigraphic, and mineralogic evidence are presented that suggest successions of ancient lake environments in Valles Marineris and Hellas. The existence of large lakes and/or small oceans in Elysium and the Northern Plains is supported both by the global distribution of deltaic deposits and by equipotential surfaces that may reflect their past margins. Whether those environments were conducive to life has yet to be demonstrated but from comparison with our planet, their sedimentary deposits may provide the best opportunity to find its record, if any. The final chapters explore the impact of climate variability on declining lake habitats in one of the closest terrestrial analogs to Mars at the Noachian/Hesperian transition, identify the geologic, morphologic and mineralogic signatures of ancient lakes to be searched for on Mars, and present the case for landing the Mars Science Laboratory mission in such an environment. First review on the subject by worldwide leading authorities in the field New studies with most recent data, new images, figures, and maps Most recent results from research in terrestrial analogs
Book Synopsis Mars Geological Enigmas by : Richard Soare
Download or read book Mars Geological Enigmas written by Richard Soare and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-05-23 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mars Geological Enigmas: From the Late Noachian Epoch to the Present Day presents outstanding questions on the geology of Mars and divergent viewpoints based on varying interpretations and analyses. The result is a robust and comprehensive discussion that provides opportunities for planetary scientists to develop their own opinions and ways forward. Each theme opens with an introduction that includes background on the topic and lays out questions to be addressed. Alternate perspectives are covered for each topic, including methods, observations, analyses, and in-depth discussion of the conclusions. Chapters within each theme reference each other to facilitate comparison and deeper understanding of divergent opinions. Offers a transchronological view of the geological history of Mars, addressing thematic questions from a broad temporal perspective Discusses outstanding questions on Mars from diverging perspectives Includes key questions and answers, as well as a look ahead to which puzzles remain to be solved
Book Synopsis Geomorphology of Brazil: Complexity, Interscale and Landscape by : Gisele Barbosa dos Santos
Download or read book Geomorphology of Brazil: Complexity, Interscale and Landscape written by Gisele Barbosa dos Santos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-30 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the most relevant articles selected from the annals of the symposium. In the last few years, Brazilian Geomorphology has experienced a series of epistemological and methodological innovations expressed by the incorporation of the complexity paradigm, by the progressive break with the climate paradigm, by the emergency role of new theories, and by the advances in methodological fields favored by the adherence to geochronological techniques and in function of the increasingly widespread use of geotechnologies. Furthermore, the Anthropocene/Technogene emerge claims to be more than only a temporal cuts, but as conceptions of a science engaged with social and environmental issues. The National Symposium of Geomorphology, in the maturity of its 13th edition, constitutes a portrait and an important sample of Brazilian geomorphological production, aggregating works carried out in the most diverse types of landscapes of Brazil. The book provides an overview of the current scientific production of Brazilian Geomorphology, highlighting the diversity of landscapes and geoheritage in Brazil, the complexity of the morphogenetic and morphodynamic processes responsible for shaping its surface, and the various abundant methodologies used in geomorphological studies in tropical areas.
Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 17318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Geomorphology by : Richard Huggett
Download or read book Fundamentals of Geomorphology written by Richard Huggett and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-22 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated edition continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the subject, exploring the world’s landforms from a broad systems perspective. It covers the basics of Earth surface forms and processes, while reflecting on the latest developments in the field. Fundamentals of Geomorphology begins with a consideration of the nature of geomorphology, including its relation to society, process and form, history, and geomorphic systems, and moves on to discuss: • Structure: structural landforms associated with plate tectonics and those associated with volcanoes, and folds, faults, and joints. • Process and form: landforms resulting from, or influenced by, the exogenic agencies of weathering, running water, flowing ice and meltwater, ground ice and frost, the wind, and the sea; landforms developed on limestone; extraterrestrial landforms; and landscape evolution, a discussion of ancient landforms. Fundamentals of Geomorphology provides a stimulating and innovative perspective on the key topics and debates within the field of geomorphology. Written in an accessible and lively manner, it includes guides to further reading, chapter summaries, and an extensive glossary of key terms. The book is also illustrated throughout with over 200 informative diagrams and attractive photographs, all in colour. It is supported by online resources for students and instructors.
Book Synopsis Review of the MEPAG Report on Mars Special Regions by : European Science Foundation
Download or read book Review of the MEPAG Report on Mars Special Regions written by European Science Foundation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-01-15 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planetary protection is a guiding principle in the design of an interplanetary mission, aiming to prevent biological contamination of both the target celestial body and the Earth. The protection of high-priority science goals, the search for life and the understanding of the Martian organic environment may be compromised if Earth microbes carried by spacecraft are grown and spread on Mars. This has led to the definition of Special Regions on Mars where strict planetary protection measures have to be applied before a spacecraft can enter these areas. At NASA's request, the community-based Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) established the Special Regions Science Analysis Group (SR-SAG2) in October 2013 to examine the quantitative definition of a Special Region and proposed modifications to it, as necessary, based upon the latest scientific results. Review of the MEPAG Report on Mars Special Regions reviews the conclusions and recommendations contained in MEPAG's SR-SAG2 report and assesses their consistency with current understanding of both the Martian environment and the physical and chemical limits for the survival and propagation of microbial and other life on Earth. This report provides recommendations for an update of the planetary protection requirements for Mars Special Regions.
