Mapping Conceptual Knowledge In The Human Brain

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Mapping Conceptual Knowledge in the Human Brain

Author : Matthew Weber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781109137682
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis Mapping Conceptual Knowledge in the Human Brain by : Matthew Weber

Download or read book Mapping Conceptual Knowledge in the Human Brain written by Matthew Weber and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We here examine the relationship between similarity and inductive inference, as well as the relationship between those types of judgments and neural representations of knowledge. We first present a model of category-based induction that estimates the probabilities of conditional sentences from the similarities and probabilities that govern their constituents (Chapter 2). We then present data from a published experiment showing that similarity information is retrievable from patterns of neural activity collected when participants are simply judging the category membership of images: Simple vectorwise metrics and measures derived from machine learning can extract similarities from the lateral occipital cortex that correlate strongly with similarity judgment (Chapter 3). Finally, we present results using new fMRI data that replicate our ability to extract similarity information from lateral occipital as well as posterior temporal cortices (BA 37) and show that those similarities, when supplied to our model, yield excellent predictions of probability rated for conditional sentences. Information-based analyses pick out regions strongly overlapping the lateral occipital and posterior temporal cortices as highly informative about conditional probability (Chapter 4). Curiously, however, rated similarity does not predict conditional probability when supplied to our model; this matter is discussed in Chapters 4 and 5. Overall, our results support the storage of semantic knowledge in distributed patterns of activity over sensory areas and the usefulness of similarity derived from simple operations on that knowledge as an input to inductive judgment.

The Organisation of Conceptual Knowledge in the Brain

Author : Alex Martin
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9781841699479
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (994 download)

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Book Synopsis The Organisation of Conceptual Knowledge in the Brain by : Alex Martin

Download or read book The Organisation of Conceptual Knowledge in the Brain written by Alex Martin and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Category-specific knowledge disorders are among the most intriguing and perplexing syndromes in cognitive neuropsychology. The past decade has witnessed increased interest in these disorders, due largely to a heightened appreciation of the profound implications that an understanding of concept representation has for such diverse topics as object recognition, the organisation of the lexicon, and storage of long-term memories. Until recently, information about the representation of concepts was limited to findings from patients with brain injury and disease. This state of affairs has now changed with the advent and wide-spread availability of functional imaging for studying cognition in the normal human brain. The purpose of this special issue is to provide a forum for new findings and critical, theoretical analyses of existing data from patient and functional brain imaging studies. The contributions, all from major investigators in the field, range from studies of specific object categories such as animals, tools, fruit and vegetables, and faces, to the more general domains of number processing, social interaction, and mechanical knowledge. A unifying theme of these papers is the extent to which the findings can be best understood within the context of models that posit an innate, domain-specific organisation, those that appeal to an organisation by sensory- and motor-based features and properties, and those that propose an undifferentiated, distributed neural organisation.

Education for the Human Brain

Author : Timothy B. Jones
Publisher : R&L Education
ISBN 13 : 1475800940
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Education for the Human Brain by : Timothy B. Jones

Download or read book Education for the Human Brain written by Timothy B. Jones and published by R&L Education. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Education for the Human Brain: A Road Map for Natural Learning in Schools is an all inclusive book on understanding and implementing a natural and brain-compatible instructional strategy from early childhood to adult learners. It informs the reader on the science, motivates the reader with the evidence and provides a road map for implementing, making this book unlike any other available. No matter what role you play in education, Education for the Human Brain can help students within your reach learn faster and remember more all while having fun learning the way that is natural!

Semantic Cognition

Author : Timothy T. Rogers
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262182393
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (823 download)

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Book Synopsis Semantic Cognition by : Timothy T. Rogers

Download or read book Semantic Cognition written by Timothy T. Rogers and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A mechanistic theory of the representation and use of semantic knowledge that uses distributed connectionist networks as a starting point for a psychological theory of semantic cognition.

The Knowledge Medium

Author : Gary A. Berg
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1591401038
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis The Knowledge Medium by : Gary A. Berg

Download or read book The Knowledge Medium written by Gary A. Berg and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely new publication examines the notion of computer as medium and what such an idea might mean for education. The Knowledge Medium: Designing Effective Computer-Based Educational Learning Environments suggests that the understanding of computers as a medium may be a key to re-envisioning educational technology. Because the subject is interdisciplinary, combining science with the humanities, the theoretical discussion draws from a broad range of disciplines: psychology, educational theory, film criticism, and computer science.

Mapping the Brain and Its Functions

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309044979
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Mapping the Brain and Its Functions by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Mapping the Brain and Its Functions written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant advances in brain research have been made, but investigators who face the resulting explosion of data need new methods to integrate the pieces of the "brain puzzle." Based on the expertise of more than 100 neuroscientists and computer specialists, this new volume examines how computer technology can meet that need. Featuring outstanding color photography, the book presents an overview of the complexity of brain research, which covers the spectrum from human behavior to genetic mechanisms. Advances in vision, substance abuse, pain, and schizophrenia are highlighted. The committee explores the potential benefits of computer graphics, database systems, and communications networks in neuroscience and reviews the available technology. Recommendations center on a proposed Brain Mapping Initiative, with an agenda for implementation and a look at issues such as privacy and accessibility.

Knowledge Integration

Author : Antonie Jetter
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3790816817
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Integration by : Antonie Jetter

Download or read book Knowledge Integration written by Antonie Jetter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to manage knowledge is relevant for millions of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) that operate in high-tech environments. They strongly depend on external knowledge about customers, technologies, and competitors because, as opposed to large companies, they have limited internal knowledge resources and little power to control their business environments. Present KM literature, however, mainly focuses on large companies and therefore does not explain, how SMEs, for example, can successfully apply groupware, data mining, semantic networks, and knowledge maps. This book addresses this problem by introducing the concept of knowledge integration (KI) that places emphasis on the identification, acquisition and use of external knowledge. Drawing from this theoretical basis, the book presents concepts and instruments specifically designed for SMEs, as well as examples of their implementation and use in practice.

Brain Mapping

Author : Arthur W. Toga
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780127885278
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (852 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Mapping by : Arthur W. Toga

Download or read book Brain Mapping written by Arthur W. Toga and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain mapping has forever altered and extended our understanding of the systems of the brain. The integrative capacity of brain maps enables the inclusion of a diverse array of observations and experimental results. Maps are used to describe brain structure, function, and connectivity, to catalog the ever-expanding knowledge base of human and animal nervous systems, to compare healthy tissue with diseased tissue, and to show detailed subsystems and circuits. This 3-Volume Set includes: Brain Mapping: The Systems, Brain Mapping: The Disorders, and Brain Mapping: The Methods, Second Edition. * Three superb volumes providing coverage of all aspects of brain mapping * Up to the minute coverage of key topics * Invaluable to all students new to the subject, professionals using brain imaging techniques and neurosurgeons * All three volumes are available at an outstanding discounted price

Concepts in the Brain

Author : David Kemmerer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190682647
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Concepts in the Brain by : David Kemmerer

Download or read book Concepts in the Brain written by David Kemmerer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-21 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most native speakers of English, the meanings of ordinary words like "blue," "cup," "stumble," and "carve" seem quite natural and self-evident. It turns out, however, that they are far from universal, as shown by recent research in the discipline known as semantic typology. To be sure, the roughly 6,500 languages around the world do have many similarities in the sorts of concepts they encode. But they also vary greatly in numerous ways, such as how they partition particular conceptual domains, how they map those domains onto syntactic categories, which distinctions they force speakers to habitually attend to, and how deeply they weave certain notions into the fabric of their grammar. Although these insights from semantic typology have had a major impact on the field of psycholinguistics, they have been mostly neglected by the branch of cognitive neuroscience that studies how concepts are represented, organized, and processed in our brains. In Concepts in the Brain, David Kemmerer exposes this oversight and demonstrates its significance. He argues that as research on the neural substrates of semantic knowledge moves forward, it should, to the extent possible, expand its purview to embrace the broad spectrum of cross-linguistic variation in the lexical and grammatical representation of meaning. Otherwise, it will never be able to achieve a truly comprehensive, pan-human account of the cortical underpinnings of concepts. Richly illustrated and written in an accessible interdisciplinary style, the book begins by elaborating the different perspectives on concepts that currently exist in the parallel fields of semantic typology and cognitive neuroscience. It then shows how a synthesis of these approaches can lead to a more unified and inclusive understanding of several domains of concrete meaning--specifically, objects, actions, and spatial relations. Finally, it explores a number of intriguing and controversial issues involving the interplay between language, cognition, and consciousness.

Visual Tools for Transforming Information Into Knowledge

Author : David Hyerle
Publisher : Corwin Press
ISBN 13 : 1452207860
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Tools for Transforming Information Into Knowledge by : David Hyerle

Download or read book Visual Tools for Transforming Information Into Knowledge written by David Hyerle and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2008-09-05 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring new research and examples, this practical resource focuses on brainstorming webs, graphic organizers, and concept maps to improve instruction and enhance students' cognitive development.

Learning, Creating, and Using Knowledge

Author : Joseph Donald Novak
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 0415991846
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (159 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning, Creating, and Using Knowledge by : Joseph Donald Novak

Download or read book Learning, Creating, and Using Knowledge written by Joseph Donald Novak and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2010 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses Novak's theory for meaningful learning and autonomous knowledge building, and contains tools to make it operational such as concept maps that are created with the use of CMapTools and the V diagram. This title is suitable for educators at various levels and corporate managers who seek to enhance worker productivity.

Mapping the Mind

Author : Lawrence A. Hirschfeld
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521429931
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Mapping the Mind by : Lawrence A. Hirschfeld

Download or read book Mapping the Mind written by Lawrence A. Hirschfeld and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-04-29 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of essays introducing the reader to `domain-specificity'.

Language, Cognition and Space

Author : Vyvyan Evans
Publisher : Equinox
ISBN 13 : 9781845532529
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Cognition and Space by : Vyvyan Evans

Download or read book Language, Cognition and Space written by Vyvyan Evans and published by Equinox. This book was released on 2010 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial perception and cognition is fundamental to human abilities to navigate through space, identify and locate objects, and track entities in motion. Moreover, research findings in the last couple of decades reveal that many of the mechanisms humans employ to achieve this are largely innate, providing abilities to store cognitive maps for locating themselves and others, locations, directions and routes. In this, humans are like many other species. However, unlike other species, humans can employ language in order to represent space. The human linguistic ability combined with the human ability for spatial representation apparently results in rich, creative and sometimes surprising extensions of representations for three-dimensional physical space. The present volume brings together over 20 articles from leading scholars who investigate the relationship between spatial cognition and spatial language. The volume is fully representative of the state of the art in terms of language and space research, and points to new directions in terms of findings, theory, and practice.

Brain Mapping

Author : Arthur W. Toga
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780126925456
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (254 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Mapping by : Arthur W. Toga

Download or read book Brain Mapping written by Arthur W. Toga and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2000-04-26 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "sequel" to "Brain Mapping: The Methods", covers the utlization of methods for the study of brain structure and function. Organized by systems, it presents information on the normal as well as the diseased brain. It integrates the various methodologies with appropriate usage.

Mapping the Mind

Author : Rita Carter
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520224612
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (246 download)

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Book Synopsis Mapping the Mind by : Rita Carter

Download or read book Mapping the Mind written by Rita Carter and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A smart, current, and witty introduction to brain science. Accompanied by illustrations, examples of cutting edge imaging technologies, and sidebars by key neuroscientists.

The Conceptual Mind

Author : Eric Margolis
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262028638
Total Pages : 741 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Conceptual Mind by : Eric Margolis

Download or read book The Conceptual Mind written by Eric Margolis and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of concepts has advanced dramatically in recent years, with exciting new findings and theoretical developments. Core concepts have been investigated in greater depth and new lines of inquiry have blossomed, with researchers from an ever broader range of disciplines making important contributions. In this volume, leading philosophers and cognitive scientists offer original essays that present the state-of-the-art in the study of concepts. These essays, all commissioned for this book, do not merely present the usual surveys and overviews; rather, they offer the latest work on concepts by a diverse group of theorists as well as discussions of the ideas that should guide research over the next decade.

The Neuroscience Bible

Author : Jon Turney
Publisher : Subject Bible
ISBN 13 : 9780228100614
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neuroscience Bible by : Jon Turney

Download or read book The Neuroscience Bible written by Jon Turney and published by Subject Bible. This book was released on 2018 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new "bible" title that reveals the science of our brains. The term "mind mapping" has been used in various contexts over time, however this book, The Neuroscience Bible, is strictly about the human brain as a vital organ and how it controls the nervous system and thus our life. It is a crash-course in the latest scientific knowledge of the workings of the brain and the nervous system it controls. The most elusive concepts, such as memory and addiction and the difference between the brain and the mind, are broken down into easily understandable bite-sized pieces. In pictures of the brain, the cerebrum is most noticeable. Sitting at the top of the brain, it is the source of all intellectual activities. It is split into two halves -- the proverbial "left brain and right brain" -- which communicate via nerve fibers. Information collected by your senses moves along a network of linked nerve cells called neurons, which are the basic building blocks of the nervous system. These neurons are active in both sides of the brain, which although looking the same, are different. Words are formed in the left hemisphere, abstract reasoning in the right. Together, they control every brain activity -- from memories, planning, imagination, recognizing friends and reading books to playing games and creating art. The Neuroscience Bible explains all this and much more. Topics include: The anatomy of the brain Neurons, synapses and axons The building blocks of the brain The difference between the brain and the mind The biology of mental illness Modern treatment of mental illness The effects on the brain of alcohol and drugs Memory, senses, cravings Fight or flight Exploring the brain's billions of neurons with mind mapping The future of neuroscience. As you read this book, your brain and your nervous system will be busy making sense of the words. Nerve cells in your eyes will sense the letters' boundaries and transmit them from your eyes to your brain which forms the words and recalls their meanings.