Making Scientific Instruments In The Industrial Revolution

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Making Scientific Instruments in the Industrial Revolution

Author : A.D. Morrison-Low
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135192074X
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Scientific Instruments in the Industrial Revolution by : A.D. Morrison-Low

Download or read book Making Scientific Instruments in the Industrial Revolution written by A.D. Morrison-Low and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the start of the Industrial Revolution, it appeared that most scientific instruments were made and sold in London, but by the time of the Great Exhibition in 1851, a number of provincial firms had the self-confidence to exhibit their products in London to an international audience. How had this change come about, and why? This book looks at the four main, and two lesser, English centres known for instrument production outside the capital: Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester and Sheffield, along with the older population centres in Bristol and York. Making wide use of new sources, Dr Morrison-Low, curator of history of science at the National Museums of Scotland, charts the growth of these centres and provides a characterisation of their products. New information is provided on aspects of the trade, especially marketing techniques, sources of materials, tools and customer relationships. From contemporary evidence, she argues that the principal output of the provincial trade (with some notable exceptions) must have been into the London marketplace, anonymously, and at the cheaper end of the market. She also discusses the structure and organization of the provincial trade, and looks at the impact of new technology imported from other closely-allied trades. By virtue of its approach and subject matter the book considers aspects of economic and business history, gender and the family, the history of science and technology, material culture, and patterns of migration. It contains a myriad of stories of families and firms, of entrepreneurs and customers, and of organizations and arms of government. In bringing together this wide range of interests, Dr Morrison-Low enables us to appreciate how central the making, selling and distribution of scientific instruments was for the Industrial Revolution.

How Scientific Instruments Have Changed Hands

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004324933
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis How Scientific Instruments Have Changed Hands by :

Download or read book How Scientific Instruments Have Changed Hands written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays discusses the marketing of scientific and medical instruments from the eighteenth century to the First World War. It features case-studies from the United Kingdom, the Americas and Europe.

European Collections of Scientific Instruments, 1550-1750

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9047426177
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis European Collections of Scientific Instruments, 1550-1750 by :

Download or read book European Collections of Scientific Instruments, 1550-1750 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009-02-28 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These selected studies on sixteenth and eighteenth centuries European collections of scientific instruments, which were part of the princely ‘wunderkammern’, delineate an up-to-date-panorama about the formation of the most important museums of the history of science.

James Watt

Author : Ben Russell
Publisher : Reaktion Books
ISBN 13 : 1780234023
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis James Watt by : Ben Russell

Download or read book James Watt written by Ben Russell and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer James Watt (1736–1819) is best known for his pioneering work on the steam engine that became fundamental to the incredible changes and developments wrought by the Industrial Revolution. But in this new biography, Ben Russell tells a much bigger, richer story, peering over Watt’s shoulder to more fully explore the processes he used and how his ephemeral ideas were transformed into tangible artifacts. Over the course of the book, Russell reveals as much about the life of James Watt as he does a history of Britain’s early industrial transformation and the birth of professional engineering. To record this fascinating narrative, Russell draws on a wide range of resources—from archival material to three-dimensional objects to scholarship in a diversity of fields from ceramics to antique machine-making. He explores Watt’s early years and interest in chemistry and examines Watt’s partnership with Matthew Boulton, with whom he would become a successful and wealthy man. In addition to discussing Watt’s work and incredible contributions that changed societies around the world, Russell looks at Britain’s early industrial transformation. Published in association with the Science Museum London, and with seventy illustrations, James Watt is not only an intriguing exploration of the engineer’s life, but also an illuminating journey into the broader practices of invention in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Published in association with the Science Museum, London

Thrifty Science

Author : Simon Werrett
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022661025X
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis Thrifty Science by : Simon Werrett

Download or read book Thrifty Science written by Simon Werrett and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-01-09 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the twentieth century saw the rise of “Big Science,” then the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were surely an age of thrift. As Simon Werrett’s new history shows, frugal early modern experimenters transformed their homes into laboratories as they recycled, repurposed, repaired, and reused their material possessions to learn about the natural world. Thrifty Science explores this distinctive culture of experiment and demonstrates how the values of the household helped to shape an array of experimental inquiries, ranging from esoteric investigations of glowworms and sour beer to famous experiments such as Benjamin Franklin’s use of a kite to show lightning was electrical and Isaac Newton’s investigations of color using prisms. Tracing the diverse ways that men and women put their material possessions into the service of experiment, Werrett offers a history of practices of recycling and repurposing that are often assumed to be more recent in origin. This thriving domestic culture of inquiry was eclipsed by new forms of experimental culture in the nineteenth century, however, culminating in the resource-hungry science of the twentieth. Could thrifty science be making a comeback today, as scientists grapple with the need to make their research more environmentally sustainable?

Selling Science in the Age of Newton

Author : Jeffrey R. Wigelsworth
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317057341
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Selling Science in the Age of Newton by : Jeffrey R. Wigelsworth

Download or read book Selling Science in the Age of Newton written by Jeffrey R. Wigelsworth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selling Science in the Age of Newton explores an often ignored avenue in the popularization of science. It is an investigation of how advertisements in London newspapers (from approximately 1687 to 1727) enticed consumers to purchase products relating to science: books, lecture series, and instruments. London's readers were among the first in Europe to be exposed to regular newspapers and the advertisements contained in them. This occurred just as science began to captivate the nation's imagination due, in part, to Isaac Newton's rising popularity following the publication of his Principia (1687). This unique moment allows us to see how advertising helped shape the initial public reception of science. This book fills a substantial gap in our understanding of science and the culture in which it developed by examining the medium of advertising and its function in the discourse of both early-modern science and commerce. It answers questions such as: what happens to science once it is a commodity; how are consumers tempted to purchase science amidst a sea of other commodities; how is the reading public encouraged to give social acceptance to facts of nature; and how did marketing campaigns craft newspapers readers into a source of validation for the items of science advertised? In an age where the production of scientific knowledge increasingly relied upon sales to many rather than the endorsement of a single wealthy patron, marketing was the key to success.

Selling Science in the Age of Newton

Author : Dr Jeffrey R Wigelsworth
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1409481956
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Selling Science in the Age of Newton by : Dr Jeffrey R Wigelsworth

Download or read book Selling Science in the Age of Newton written by Dr Jeffrey R Wigelsworth and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-07-28 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selling Science in the Age of Newton explores an often ignored avenue in the popularization of science. It is an investigation of how advertisements in London newspapers (from approximately 1687 to 1727) enticed consumers to purchase products relating to science: books, lecture series, and instruments. London's readers were among the first in Europe to be exposed to regular newspapers and the advertisements contained in them. This occurred just as science began to captivate the nation's imagination due, in part, to Isaac Newton's rising popularity following the publication of his Principia (1687). This unique moment allows us to see how advertising helped shape the initial public reception of science. This book fills a substantial gap in our understanding of science and the culture in which it developed by examining the medium of advertising and its function in the discourse of both early-modern science and commerce. It answers questions such as: what happens to science once it is a commodity; how are consumers tempted to purchase science amidst a sea of other commodities; how is the reading public encouraged to give social acceptance to facts of nature; and how did marketing campaigns craft newspapers readers into a source of validation for the items of science advertised? In an age where the production of scientific knowledge increasingly relied upon sales to many rather than the endorsement of a single wealthy patron, marketing was the key to success.

Science and Technology in the Industrial Revolution

Author : Albert Edward Musson
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719003707
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Technology in the Industrial Revolution by : Albert Edward Musson

Download or read book Science and Technology in the Industrial Revolution written by Albert Edward Musson and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1969 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Spectacles and the Victorians

Author : Gemma Almond-Brown
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 1526161362
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Spectacles and the Victorians by : Gemma Almond-Brown

Download or read book Spectacles and the Victorians written by Gemma Almond-Brown and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-05 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first full-length study of spectacles in the Victorian period. It examines how the Victorians shaped our understanding of functional visual capacity and the concept of 20:20 vision. Demonstrating how this unique assistive device can connect the histories of medicine, technology and disability, it charts how technology has influenced our understanding of sensory perception, both through the diagnostic methods used to measure visual impairment and the utility of spectacles to ameliorate its effects. Taking a material culture approach, the book assesses how the design of spectacles thwarted ophthalmologists’ attempts to medicalise their distribution and use, as well as creating a mainstream marketable device on the high street.

Cities and Solidarities

Author : Justin Colson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351983628
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Cities and Solidarities by : Justin Colson

Download or read book Cities and Solidarities written by Justin Colson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities and Solidarities charts the ways in which the study of individuals and places can revitalise our understanding of urban communities as dynamic interconnections of solidarities in medieval and early modern Europe. This volume sheds new light on the socio-economic conditions, the formal and informal institutions, and the strategies of individual town dwellers that explain the similarities and differences in the organisation and functioning of urban communities in pre-modern Europe. It considers how communities within cities and towns are constructed and reconstructed, how interactions amongst members of differing groups created social and economic institutions, and how urban communities reflected a sense of social cohesion. In answering these questions, the contributions combine theoretical frameworks with new digital methodologies in order to provoke further discussion into the fundamental nature of urban society in this key period of change. The essays in this collection demonstrate the complexities of urban societies in pre-modern Europe, and will make fascinating reading for students and scholars of medieval and early modern urban history.

Sextants at Greenwich

Author : W.F.J. Mörzer Bruyns
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199532540
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Sextants at Greenwich by : W.F.J. Mörzer Bruyns

Download or read book Sextants at Greenwich written by W.F.J. Mörzer Bruyns and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-25 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the history and development of navigating instruments. Before satellites these were used to measure the altitude of the sun and stars above the horizon, to determine the ship's position at sea. The book also contains a catalogue of 347 mariner's astrolabes, cross-staffs, backstaffs, and octants, sextants and artificial horizons.

Formulations

Author : Andrew Witt
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262366851
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Formulations by : Andrew Witt

Download or read book Formulations written by Andrew Witt and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of mathematics as it was drawn, encoded, imagined, and interpreted by architects on the eve of digitization in the mid-twentieth century. In Formulations, Andrew Witt examines the visual, methodological, and cultural intersections between architecture and mathematics. The linkages Witt explores involve not the mystic transcendence of numbers invoked throughout architectural history, but rather architecture’s encounters with a range of calculational systems—techniques that architects inventively retooled for design. Witt offers a catalog of mid-twentieth-century practices of mathematical drawing and calculation in design that preceded and anticipated digitization as well as an account of the formal compendia that became a cultural currency shared between modern mathematicians and modern architects. Witt presents a series of extensively illustrated “biographies of method”—episodes that chart the myriad ways in which mathematics, particularly the mathematical notion of modeling and drawing, was spliced into the creative practice of design. These include early drawing machines that mechanized curvature; the incorporation of geometric maquettes—“theorems made flesh”—into the toolbox of design; the virtualization of buildings and landscapes through surveyed triangulation and photogrammetry; formal and functional topology; stereoscopic drawing; the economic implications of cubic matrices; and a strange synthesis of the technological, mineral, and biological: crystallographic design. Trained in both architecture and mathematics, Witt uses mathematics as a lens through which to understand the relationship between architecture and a much broader set of sciences and visual techniques. Through an intercultural exchange with other disciplines, he argues, architecture adapted not only the shapes and surfaces of mathematics but also its values and epistemic ideals.

The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics

Author : Jed Z. Buchwald
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019151019X
Total Pages : 976 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics by : Jed Z. Buchwald

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics written by Jed Z. Buchwald and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics brings together cutting-edge writing by more than twenty leading authorities on the history of physics from the seventeenth century to the present day. By presenting a wide diversity of studies in a single volume, it provides authoritative introductions to scholarly contributions that have tended to be dispersed in journals and books not easily accessible to the general reader. While the core thread remains the theories and experimental practices of physics, the Handbook contains chapters on other dimensions that have their place in any rounded history. These include the role of lecturing and textbooks in the communication of knowledge, the contribution of instrument-makers and instrument-making companies in providing for the needs of both research and lecture demonstrations, and the growing importance of the many interfaces between academic physics, industry, and the military.

Science in the Enlightenment

Author : William E. Burns
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1576078876
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Science in the Enlightenment by : William E. Burns

Download or read book Science in the Enlightenment written by William E. Burns and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2003-11-17 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first introductory A–Z resource on the dynamic achievements in science from the late 1600s to 1820, including the great minds behind the developments and science's new cultural role. Though the Enlightenment was a time of amazing scientific change, science is an often-neglected facet of that time. Now, Science in the Enlightenment redresses the balance by covering all the major scientific developments in the period between Newton's discoveries in the late 1600s to the early 1800s of Michael Faraday and Georges Cuvier. Over 200 A-Z entries explore a range of disciplines, including astronomy and medicine, scientists such as Sir Humphry Davy and Benjamin Franklin, and instruments such as the telescope and calorimeter. Emphasis is placed on the role of women, and proper attention is given to the shifts in the worldview brought about by Newtonian physics, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier's "chemical revolution," and universal systems of botanical and zoological classification. Moreover, the social impact of science is explored, as well as the ways in which the work of scientists influenced the thinking of philosophers such as Voltaire and Denis Diderot and the writers and artists of the romantic movement.

Victorian Material Culture

Author : Boris Jardine
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315400332
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Victorian Material Culture by : Boris Jardine

Download or read book Victorian Material Culture written by Boris Jardine and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-14 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From chatelaines to whale blubber, ice making machines to stained glass, this six-volume collection will be of interest to the scholar, student or general reader alike - anyone who has an urge to learn more about Victorian things. The set brings together a range of primary sources on Victorian material culture and discusses the most significant developments in material history from across the nineteenth century. The collection will demonstrate the significance of objects in the everyday lives of the Victorians and addresses important questions about how we classify and categorise nineteenth-century things. This second volume, ‘Science and Medicine’, will examine objects (from the most significant to the most obscure) that played a part in nineteenth-century scientific developments.

Term Paper Resource Guide to Nineteenth-Century World History

Author : William T. Walker
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 0313354057
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Term Paper Resource Guide to Nineteenth-Century World History by : William T. Walker

Download or read book Term Paper Resource Guide to Nineteenth-Century World History written by William T. Walker and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2009-07-08 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this guide, major help for nineteenth-century World History term papers has arrived to enrich and stimulate students in challenging and enjoyable ways. Show students an exciting and easy path to a deep learning experience through original term paper suggestions in standard and alternative formats, including recommended books, websites, and multimedia. Students from high school age to undergraduate can get a jumpstart on assignments with the hundreds of term paper suggestions and research information offered here in an easy-to-use format. Users can quickly choose from the 100 important events, spanning the period from the Haitian Revolution that ended in 1804 to the Boer War of 1899-1902. With this book, the research experience is transformed and elevated. Term Paper Resource Guide to Nineteenth-Century World History is a superb source with which to motivate and educate students who have a wide range of interests and talents. Coverage includes key wars and revolts, independence movements, and theories that continue to have tremendous impact.

From Earth-Bound to Satellite

Author : Alison D. Morrison-Low
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004211500
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis From Earth-Bound to Satellite by : Alison D. Morrison-Low

Download or read book From Earth-Bound to Satellite written by Alison D. Morrison-Low and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-11-11 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marking the anniversary of the telescope’s invention, these collected essays highlight a number of significant historical episodes concerning this well-loved instrument, which has played a crucial role in Man’s thinking about his position – literally and philosophically – in the universe.