Mainframe Transaction Processing

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Transaction Processing: Past, Present, and Future

Author : Alex Louwe Kooijmans
Publisher : IBM Redbooks
ISBN 13 : 0738450782
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Transaction Processing: Past, Present, and Future by : Alex Louwe Kooijmans

Download or read book Transaction Processing: Past, Present, and Future written by Alex Louwe Kooijmans and published by IBM Redbooks. This book was released on 2012-09-29 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of IT is becoming more prominent in people's daily lives and we are becoming increasingly dependent on computers. More and more business transactions are being automated, for example, ordering a book at an online bookstore or transferring money to a bank account in another part of the world. No matter the type of transaction, we want it to be accurate and we want to have no doubts about its outcome. Transactions are also becoming more complex, driven by new ways of conducting business and new technologies. Smartphones now allow us to conduct transactions anywhere and at anytime. Technology paradigms, such as Web 2.0 and business event processing, enable businesses to increase the dynamics of a transaction through instrumentation that captures events, analyzes the associated data, and proactively interacts with the client in order to improve the customer experience. To adapt to the increasing volume and complexity of transactions requires an ongoing assessment of the current way of supporting transactions with IT. No matter what your business is, you need to ensure that your transactions are properly completed with integrity. Wrong or incomplete results can adversely affect client loyalty, affect company profits, and lead to claims, lawsuits, or fines. Companies need to be able to rely on computer systems that are 100% reliable and guarantee transaction integrity at all times. The IBM® mainframe is such a platform. Clients that have been using an IBM mainframe are conscious of its added value. For this IBM RedguideTM publication, we surveyed a number of companies that use the IBM mainframe and we asked them to tell us its most distinguishing qualities. They answered unanimously "reliability, availability, and scalability." They also do not see an alternative for running their mission-critical business workloads other than the IBM mainframe. When we surveyed our clients, we also asked them about the future. Clearly, major future trends demand significantly smarter, faster, and bigger transaction processing systems than we have today. Some of these trends are the availability of new computing paradigms, continuing growth of the mobile channel, further integration of organizations, massive growth of unstructured and uncertain data, and increasing complexity of IT systems. IBM continues to invest in mainframe technology leadership, which protects years of client investments on this platform. Today, well-known transaction processing (TP) middleware, such as the IBM CICS, IBM IMS, IBM z/TPF, and IBM WebSphere Application Server products, and also solutions for service-oriented architecture (SOA) and business process management (BPM) are available and fully optimized on the IBM mainframe running the mission-critical business workloads of many companies the world over. In 2010, IBM announced the IBM zEnterprise® system introducing a hybrid computing platform that combines the traditional IBM mainframe capabilities and the ability to use IBM blade servers, managed by a single management software. With zEnterprise, you can significantly reduce the complexity of your IT and achieve better service levels, while continuing to benefit from traditional mainframe strengths in transaction processing.

Mainframe Transaction Processing

Author : Ricardo Nuqui
Publisher : Mainframe Knowledge
ISBN 13 : 9789815164893
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Mainframe Transaction Processing by : Ricardo Nuqui

Download or read book Mainframe Transaction Processing written by Ricardo Nuqui and published by Mainframe Knowledge. This book was released on 2023-06-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mainframe Transaction Processing: Principles, Practices, and Paradigms" aims to provide readers a comprehensive guide to the world of mainframe transaction processing. The aim is to shed light on the crucial role that mainframes play in modern businesses and industries and to unravel the complexity of transaction processing systems. The book is designed to be informative for a wide range of readers. It provides a fundamental understanding for beginners and simultaneously delves into advanced concepts for seasoned professionals seeking to enhance their knowledge. The initial chapters introduce mainframes and transaction processing, offering historical context and an overview of their modern applications. Subsequent chapters provide a deeper dive into the operating systems, databases, and programming languages relevant to mainframe transaction processing. An entire section is dedicated to the architecture and lifecycle of transaction processing, discussing the security considerations and performance optimization techniques. The book does not shy away from discussing the future of mainframes, addressing emerging trends and how they are likely to shape transaction processing systems. One of the unique aspects of this book is its focus on practical application. Real-world case studies are included to demonstrate the power and potential of mainframe transaction processing. The aim is to go beyond theory, illustrating how mainframes are used in real-world scenarios, driving some of the world's largest and most successful organizations. As you journey through this book, it is my hope that you will gain a comprehensive understanding of mainframe transaction processing. Whether you are a student, a professional, or a curious individual, I hope this book will deepen your understanding, spark your interest, and fuel your passion for the fascinating world of mainframes.

Principles of Transaction Processing

Author : Philip A. Bernstein
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 0080948413
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Transaction Processing by : Philip A. Bernstein

Download or read book Principles of Transaction Processing written by Philip A. Bernstein and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2009-07-24 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Transaction Processing is a comprehensive guide to developing applications, designing systems, and evaluating engineering products. The book provides detailed discussions of the internal workings of transaction processing systems, and it discusses how these systems work and how best to utilize them. It covers the architecture of Web Application Servers and transactional communication paradigms.The book is divided into 11 chapters, which cover the following: Overview of transaction processing application and system structureSoftware abstractions found in transaction processing systemsArchitecture of multitier applications and the functions of transactional middleware and database serversQueued transaction processing and its internals, with IBM's Websphere MQ and Oracle's Stream AQ as examplesBusiness process management and its mechanismsDescription of the two-phase locking function, B-tree locking and multigranularity locking used in SQL database systems and nested transaction lockingSystem recovery and its failuresTwo-phase commit protocolComparison between the tradeoffs of replicating servers versus replication resourcesTransactional middleware products and standardsFuture trends, such as cloud computing platforms, composing scalable systems using distributed computing components, the use of flash storage to replace disks and data streams from sensor devices as a source of transaction requests. The text meets the needs of systems professionals, such as IT application programmers who construct TP applications, application analysts, and product developers. The book will also be invaluable to students and novices in application programming. Complete revision of the classic "non mathematical" transaction processing reference for systems professionals Updated to focus on the needs of transaction processing via the Internet-- the main focus of business data processing investments, via web application servers, SOA, and important new TP standards Retains the practical, non-mathematical, but thorough conceptual basis of the first edition

Open Enterprise Transaction Processing

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (224 download)

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Book Synopsis Open Enterprise Transaction Processing by :

Download or read book Open Enterprise Transaction Processing written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

New Ways of Running Batch Applications on z/OS: Volume 1 CICS Transaction Server

Author : Daniel Millwood
Publisher : IBM Redbooks
ISBN 13 : 0738437948
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis New Ways of Running Batch Applications on z/OS: Volume 1 CICS Transaction Server by : Daniel Millwood

Download or read book New Ways of Running Batch Applications on z/OS: Volume 1 CICS Transaction Server written by Daniel Millwood and published by IBM Redbooks. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mainframe computers play a central role in the daily operations of many of the world's largest corporations. Batch processing is still a fundamental, mission-critical component of the workloads that run on the mainframe. A large portion of the workload on IBM® z/OS® systems is processed in batch mode. This IBM Redbooks® publication is the first volume in a series of four in which we specifically address new technologies introduced by IBM to facilitate the use of hybrid batch applications that combine the best aspects of Java and procedural programming languages such as COBOL. This volume specifically focuses on the latest support in CICS to run batch tasks. The audience for this book includes IT architects and application developers, with a focus on batch processing on the z/OS platform in a CICS environment.

The Next Generation of Distributed IBM CICS

Author : Raghavendran Srinivasan
Publisher : IBM Redbooks
ISBN 13 : 0738440574
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis The Next Generation of Distributed IBM CICS by : Raghavendran Srinivasan

Download or read book The Next Generation of Distributed IBM CICS written by Raghavendran Srinivasan and published by IBM Redbooks. This book was released on 2015-06-03 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This IBM® Redbooks® publication describes IBM TXSeries® for Multiplatforms, which is the premier IBM distributed transaction processing software for business-critical applications. Before describing distributed transaction processing in general, we introduce the most recent version of TXSeries for Multiplatforms. We focus on the following areas: The technical value of TXSeries for Multiplatforms New features in TXSeries for Multiplatforms Core components of TXSeries Common TXSeries deployment scenarios Deployment, development, and administrative choices Technical considerations It also demonstrates enterprise integration with products, such as relational database management system (RDBMS), IBM WebSphere® MQ, and IBM WebSphere Application Server. In addition, it describes system customization, reviewing several features, such as capacity planning, backup and recovery, and high availability (HA). We describe troubleshooting in TXSeries. We also provide details about migration from version to version for TXSeries. A migration checklist is included. We demonstrate a sample application that we created, called BigBlueBank, its installation, and the server-side and client-side programs. Other topics in this book include application development and system administration considerations. This book describes distributed IBM Customer Information Control System (IBM CICS®) solutions, and how best to develop distributed CICS applications.

CICS Transaction Server from Start to Finish

Author : Chris Rayns
Publisher : IBM Redbooks
ISBN 13 : 0738436178
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis CICS Transaction Server from Start to Finish by : Chris Rayns

Download or read book CICS Transaction Server from Start to Finish written by Chris Rayns and published by IBM Redbooks. This book was released on 2011-12-07 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this IBM® Redbooks® publication, we discuss CICS®, which stands for Customer Information Control System. It is a general-purpose transaction processing subsystem for the z/OS® operating system. CICS provides services for running an application online where, users submit requests to run applications simultaneously. CICS manages sharing resources, the integrity of data, and prioritizes execution with fast response. CICS authorizes users, allocates resources (real storage and cycles), and passes on database requests by the application to the appropriate database manager, such as DB2®. We review the history of CICS and why it was created. We review the CICS architecture and discuss how to create an application in CICS. CICS provides a secure, transactional environment for applications that are written in several languages. We discuss the CICS-supported languages and each language's advantages in this Redbooks publication. We analyze situations from a system programmer's viewpoint, including how the systems programmer can use CICS facilities and services to customize the system, design CICS for recovery, and manage performance. CICS Data access and where the data is stored, including Temporary storage queues, VSAM RLS, DB2, IMSTM, and many others are also discussed.

New Ways of Running IBM z/OS Batch Applications

Author : Zaid Faydi
Publisher : IBM Redbooks
ISBN 13 : 0738437956
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis New Ways of Running IBM z/OS Batch Applications by : Zaid Faydi

Download or read book New Ways of Running IBM z/OS Batch Applications written by Zaid Faydi and published by IBM Redbooks. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mainframe computers play a central role in the daily operations of many of the worlds largest corporations. Batch processing is still a fundamental, mission-critical component of the workloads that run on the mainframe and a large portion of the workload on IBM® z/OS® systems is processed in batch mode. This IBM Redbooks® publication is the second volume in a series of four in which we describe new technologies introduced by IBM to facilitate the use of hybrid batch applications that combine the best aspects of Java and procedural programming languages such as COBOL. This volume specifically focuses on the z/OS batch runtime. The audience for this book includes IT architects and application developers, with a focus on batch processing on the z/OS platform.

High Performance Transaction Systems

Author : Dieter Gawlick
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540510857
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis High Performance Transaction Systems by : Dieter Gawlick

Download or read book High Performance Transaction Systems written by Dieter Gawlick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1989-04-26 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Lecture Notes volume is based on the "International Workshop on High Performance Transaction Systems" held in the Asilomar Conference Center, September 28-30, 1987. Many of the problems identified during the workshop are liable to determine the future development of transaction systems and distributed high performance systems in general for many years to come. So the organizers of HPTS '87 felt encouraged to collect the papers presented at the workshop in order to make them accessible to a wider audience of interested developers and researchers. Since some of the contributions represented work in progress, the authors agreed to prepare revised and updated versions of their papers for this publication. This accounts for the long delay between the event itself and the publication, but on the other hand it provides the reader with a state-of-the-art account of transaction processing topics. The book is organized according to the major sections of the workshop. In the network section the reader finds an analysis of two of the major "paradigms" in networking, ISO/OSI and SNA, from the perspective of transaction processing. In the next section four different transaction processing and database systems are described: Model 204 - a database management system marketed by Computer Corporation of America, Tandem's NonStop SQL, Citicorp's transaction processing system and ALCS, which basically is a version of TPF running under MVS/XA. The section on architectural issues contains four very different contributions which are fairly representative of the type of problems in transaction systems investigated in the research community. Finally, performance evaluations and system comparisons are presented.

Principles of Transaction Processing for the Systems Professional

Author : Philip A. Bernstein
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 9781558604155
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Transaction Processing for the Systems Professional by : Philip A. Bernstein

Download or read book Principles of Transaction Processing for the Systems Professional written by Philip A. Bernstein and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1997 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The best introduction to transaction processing systems I have ever read." - K.Torp, ACM Computing Reviews, November 1997 Principles of Transaction Processing is a clear, concise guide for anyone involved in developing applications, evaluating products, designing systems, or engineering products. This book provides an understanding of the internals of transaction processing systems, describing how they work and how best to use them. It includes the architecture of transaction processing monitors, transactional communications paradigms, and mechanisms for recovering from transaction and system failures. Use of transaction processing systems in business, industry, and government is increasing rapidly; the emergence of electronic commerce on the Internet is creating new demands. As a result, many developers are encountering transaction processing applications for the first time and need a practical explanation of techniques. Software engineers who build and market operating systems, communications systems, programming tools, and other products used in transaction processing applications will also benefit from this thorough presentation of principles. Rich with examples, it describes commercial transaction processing systems, transactional aspects of database servers, messaging systems, Internet servers, and object-oriented systems, as well as each of their subsystems. Features: Easy-to-read descriptions of fundamentals. Real world examples illustrating key points. Focuses on practical issues faced by developers. Explains most major products and standards, including IBM's CICS, IMS, and MQSeries; X/Open's XA, STDL, and TX; BEA Systems' TUXEDO; Digital's ACMS; Transarc's Encina; AT&T/NCR's TOP END; Tandem's Pathway/TS; OMG's OTS; and Microsoft's Microsoft Transaction Server.

Introduction to the New Mainframe: IBM z/VSE Basics

Author : Mike Ebbers
Publisher : IBM Redbooks
ISBN 13 : 0738441406
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to the New Mainframe: IBM z/VSE Basics by : Mike Ebbers

Download or read book Introduction to the New Mainframe: IBM z/VSE Basics written by Mike Ebbers and published by IBM Redbooks. This book was released on 2016-03-02 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This IBM® Redbooks® publication is based on the book Introduction to the New Mainframe: z/OS Basics, SG24-6366, which was produced by the International Technical Support Organization (ITSO), Poughkeepsie Center. It provides students of information systems technology with the background knowledge and skills necessary to begin using the basic facilities of a mainframe computer. For optimal learning, students are assumed to have successfully completed an introductory course in computer system concepts, such as computer organization and architecture, operating systems, data management, or data communications. They should also have successfully completed courses in one or more programming languages, and be PC literate. This textbook can also be used as a prerequisite for courses in advanced topics, or for internships and special studies. It is not intended to be a complete text covering all aspects of mainframe operation. It is also not a reference book that discusses every feature and option of the mainframe facilities. Others who can benefit from this course include experienced data processing professionals who have worked with non-mainframe platforms, or who are familiar with some aspects of the mainframe but want to become knowledgeable with other facilities and benefits of the mainframe environment. As we go through this course, we suggest that the instructor alternate between text, lecture, discussions, and hands-on exercises. Many of the exercises are cumulative, and are designed to show the student how to design and implement the topic presented. The instructor-led discussions and hands-on exercises are an integral part of the course, and can include topics not covered in this textbook. In this course, we use simplified examples and focus mainly on basic system functions. Hands-on exercises are provided throughout the course to help students explore the mainframe style of computing. At the end of this course, you will be familiar with the following information: Basic concepts of the mainframe, including its usage and architecture Fundamentals of IBM z/VSE® (VSE), an IBM zTM Systems entry mainframe operating system (OS) An understanding of mainframe workloads and the major middleware applications in use on mainframes today The basis for subsequent course work in more advanced, specialized areas of z/VSE, such as system administration or application programming

Online Transaction Processing 63 Success Secrets - 63 Most Asked Questions on Online Transaction Processing - What You Need to Know

Author : Evelyn Davidson
Publisher : Emereo Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781488861543
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Online Transaction Processing 63 Success Secrets - 63 Most Asked Questions on Online Transaction Processing - What You Need to Know by : Evelyn Davidson

Download or read book Online Transaction Processing 63 Success Secrets - 63 Most Asked Questions on Online Transaction Processing - What You Need to Know written by Evelyn Davidson and published by Emereo Publishing. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Come see what's new with Online Transaction Processing. Online undertaking processing There has never been a Online Transaction Processing Guide like this. It contains 63 answers, much more than you can imagine; comprehensive answers and extensive details and references, with insights that have never before been offered in print. Get the information you need--fast! This all-embracing guide offers a thorough view of key knowledge and detailed insight. This Guide introduces what you want to know about Online Transaction Processing. A quick look inside of some of the subjects covered: Intelligent workload management, IBM DB2 - History, Automation - Automated retail, MaxDB - Distinguishing features, Clustrix - Market, Ecommerce, Microarchitecture - Multiprocessing and multithreading, OLTP - Requirements, IBM Information Management Software, Michael Stonebraker - H-Store and VoltDB, Processor architecture - Multiprocessing and multithreading, NewSQL, Operational system - Synonyms, Transaction processing system - History, Operational database - Data warehouse terminology, Automatic machine - Automated retail, Scalable - Examples, Scalability Examples, Online analytical processing, Database normalization Denormalization, Multidimensional database, Unbreakable Linux - RHEL compatibility, Tuxedo (software) - History, Informix, Online transaction processing - Requirements, Apache Derby, Data Base - 2000s, NoSQL and NewSQL, E-commerce credit card payment system, Oracle RAC - Evolution, Transaction processing system - List of transaction processing systems, Aster Data Systems - Products, IBM Informix, Downtime - Impact, OLAP, IBM TXSeries - Features and benefits, Online transaction processing - Benefits, Tandem Computers - Founding, General Comprehensive Operating System - System architecture and concepts, Mainframe computers - History, OLTP - Benefits, Michael Aldrich, Control table - Typical usage, and much more...

Transaction Processing

Author : Jim Gray
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080519555
Total Pages : 1122 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Transaction Processing by : Jim Gray

Download or read book Transaction Processing written by Jim Gray and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1992-09-30 with total page 1122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to client/server computing.Transaction processing techniques are deeply ingrained in the fields ofdatabases and operating systems and are used to monitor, control and updateinformation in modern computer systems. This book will show you how large,distributed, heterogeneous computer systems can be made to work reliably.Using transactions as a unifying conceptual framework, the authors show howto build high-performance distributed systems and high-availabilityapplications with finite budgets and risk. The authors provide detailed explanations of why various problems occur aswell as practical, usable techniques for their solution. Throughout the book,examples and techniques are drawn from the most successful commercial andresearch systems. Extensive use of compilable C code fragments demonstratesthe many transaction processing algorithms presented in the book. The bookwill be valuable to anyone interested in implementing distributed systemsor client/server architectures.

High Performance Transaction Processing Design Analysis with CICS/MVS

Author : D. Spencer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (324 download)

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Book Synopsis High Performance Transaction Processing Design Analysis with CICS/MVS by : D. Spencer

Download or read book High Performance Transaction Processing Design Analysis with CICS/MVS written by D. Spencer and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

OLTP

Author : Billy G. Claybrook
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis OLTP by : Billy G. Claybrook

Download or read book OLTP written by Billy G. Claybrook and published by . This book was released on 1992-03-16 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers comprehensive in-depth coverage of the design of Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) which has gained increasing importance in today's world of distributed databases and downsized platforms. OLTPs recent introduction in the open systems movement makes it of interest not only in the usual mainframe arena but with UNIX and OSI as well. Includes the theory, design and implementation of OLTP with regard to all current developments in the field.

Accounting Information Systems

Author : James L. Boockholdt
Publisher : McGraw-Hill/Irwin
ISBN 13 : 9780256166804
Total Pages : 924 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Accounting Information Systems by : James L. Boockholdt

Download or read book Accounting Information Systems written by James L. Boockholdt and published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin. This book was released on 1996 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text emphasizes systems as an accounting discipline, while providing technological competence. There are questions, exercises and cases in each chapter, and accounting applications are described by transaction cycle, providing a logical and structured method of covering material.

Problems and Solutions to Transaction Processing Systems

Author : Christian Rodiek
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638606635
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (386 download)

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Book Synopsis Problems and Solutions to Transaction Processing Systems by : Christian Rodiek

Download or read book Problems and Solutions to Transaction Processing Systems written by Christian Rodiek and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-02-06 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Information Management, grade: A+, Western Illinois University, course: Management of Information Technology, language: English, abstract: This report will discuss problems and solutions to transaction processing (TP) systems. A brief introduction to the issue by defining and describing a transaction and a TP system is to give here before beginning with the core discussion. A transaction in general implants changes made in the real world in a physical database [1]. There-fore business transactions are multiple basic operations involving exchanges (cash, credit, informa-tion) that have financial implications, such as customer placing an order or someone paying parking tickets and they establish a connection between an organization and its database [3]. A TP system is a form of data base management system that processes business transactions [1]. Usually there exit several different systems in one organization. Examples of TP applications are payroll, inventory, order processing, reservations, account processing in banks, and stock trading [3]. Considering the highly increased volume of transactions processed by organizations due to the credit card revolution and the Internet and their need to process the transactions in a timely fashion there arise several problems and performance constraints to the transaction processing and its systems, which need to be addressed. To identify a certain performance of a TP system the Input/Output (I/O) of a system is a adequate measure. In the following it will be assumed that the organizations already provide of Transaction Processing Facilities (TPF), that Main Memory Database Systems (MMDS) are not practical, that most TP sys-tems are already distributed [i.e. that the organization have implemented a Distributed Database Management System (DDMS)] and finally that the organizations have the fastest available comput-ers & networks already installed.