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Macro Variables And The Components Of Stock Returns
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Book Synopsis Macro Variables and the Components of Stock Returns by : Paulo F. Maio
Download or read book Macro Variables and the Components of Stock Returns written by Paulo F. Maio and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We conduct a decomposition for the stock market return by incorporating the information from 124 macro variables. Using factor analysis, we estimate six common factors and run a VAR containing these factors and financial variables such as the market dividend yield and the T-bill rate. Including the macro factors does not have a significant impact in the estimation of the components of aggregate (excess) stock returns -- cash-flow, discount-rate, and interest-rate news. Using the macro factors in the computation of cash-flow and discount-rate news does not significantly improve the fit of a two-factor ICAPM for the cross-section of stock returns.
Book Synopsis Revisiting Macroeconomic Factors and Share Returns by : Patrick B. Baghdasarian
Download or read book Revisiting Macroeconomic Factors and Share Returns written by Patrick B. Baghdasarian and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the effects of macroeconomic variables on the returns of a broad cross-section of emerging stock markets (ESMs) for a relatively recent time period. Specifically, the paper examines the quarterly data of select local and global macroeconomic variables for 9 ESMs over the period 2002-09 using the same methodology that was applied in Fifield et al. (2002) on similar sets of data. Applying the methodology used in Fifield et al. (2002) we find that the local economic variables included in the study can be summarized by net exports, interest rates, and currency, while global variables can be summarized by world-market returns and US interest rates. The paper uses principal component analyses (PCA) to reduce the number of the variables. The principal components (PCs) are then selected by way of ad hoc rules-of-thumbs. A scree test is then applied in conjunction with an analysis of the acceleration factors of each scree plot to provide robustness. Essentially, a minimum of 0.5173 to a maximum of 0.7775 of the variation can be explained by the first PC, while approximately 0.76 to 0.95 of the cumulative variance can be explained by both the first and second PC. We retain the first and second PCs; thus, we can reduce the dimensionality of the variables from six to two variables. The retained PCs are used as inputs into two regression analyses in order to explain the variation of index returns within each of the 9 ESMs over the period 2002-09. The first regression analysis only includes PCs retained that contain global macroeconomic variables, while the second includes both the PCs that contain global macroeconomic variables as well as PCs that contain information at the local level or local macroeconomic information. The R2 and adj. R2 of each regression analysis was compared for robustness. The regression analysis indicates that while global factors are consistently significant with a high degree across the cross-section of ESMs when both the first and second recession analysis is investigated, local factors, do not show consistent significance across the cross-section of ESMs when the second regression analysis is investigated. Additionally, we use the retained global and local PCs as inputs for a third regression analysis in which the residuals of the first model are used as an input for the dependent variable in order to make sure the improvement in the R2 and adj. R2 between the first and second regression analysis are attributed to a robustness versus general improvements of R2 and adj. R2 due to adding additional variables. After examining the R2 and adj. R2 we find that although the first regression analysis has a relatively higher R2 and adj. R2 compared to the second linear mode the first linear model does not provide a high enough R2 or adj. R2. Essentially, both linear models lack predictive prowess because Additionally, the second linear model does not show much improvement to the first when we add additional explanatory variables. This was validated when we examined the R2 and adj. R2 of the third linear model as both variables were significantly lower than the R2 and adj. R2 of the first model. Furthermore, for certain ESM the variance among local variable show a degree of significance, but they do not show the same high degree of significance as compared to the level of significance indicated by the global macroeconomic variables. Finally, cross-validation (CV) was applied to both models. We find that for the ESM that had significant local variables for some & alpha; the second model had a lower mean squared error (MSE) compared to the MSE of the first model.
Book Synopsis Do MacRoeconomic Variables Have an Effect on the Us Stock Market? by : Dennis Sauert
Download or read book Do MacRoeconomic Variables Have an Effect on the Us Stock Market? written by Dennis Sauert and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, grade: 1.0, Berlin School of Economics, language: English, abstract: The objective of this paper is to examine whether the unanticipated change of specific macroeconomic variables influences the US stock market represented by the S&P 500 using monthly data from 1986 to 2007. Thereby, the performance of the arbitrage pricing theory of Ross (cp. Ross, S., 1976) shall be studied. To explain the behavior of the US stock market return the paper contains the five predefined variables consumer price index (CPI), industrial production index (IPT), money stock M1 (M1), total consumer credit outstanding (TCC) and the term structure of interest rates (Term) which are approximately similar to those variables used by Ross (cp. Chen N. F. et al., 1986, pp. 383-403). Applying the OLS method, it was found that CPI, IPT and Term are negatively related to the US stock return. It was also detected that M1 affects the stock market lagging 8 months and 12 months. However, the test statistics showed that TCC has rather no impact on the US stock market return. To ensure that the ultimate results are not spurious, care will be taken in regards to autocorrelation, multicollinearity, serial correlation as well as heteroskedasticity.
Book Synopsis Macrofactors and Stock Returns by : Phillip Rochon Mack
Download or read book Macrofactors and Stock Returns written by Phillip Rochon Mack and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Do Macroeconomic Variables have an Effect on the US Stock Market? by : Dennis Sauert
Download or read book Do Macroeconomic Variables have an Effect on the US Stock Market? written by Dennis Sauert and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, grade: 1.0, Berlin School of Economics, language: English, abstract: The objective of this paper is to examine whether the unanticipated change of specific macroeconomic variables influences the US stock market represented by the S&P 500 using monthly data from 1986 to 2007. Thereby, the performance of the arbitrage pricing theory of Ross (cp. Ross, S., 1976) shall be studied. To explain the behavior of the US stock market return the paper contains the five predefined variables consumer price index (CPI), industrial production index (IPT), money stock M1 (M1), total consumer credit outstanding (TCC) and the term structure of interest rates (Term) which are approximately similar to those variables used by Ross (cp. Chen N. F. et al., 1986, pp. 383-403). Applying the OLS method, it was found that CPI, IPT and Term are negatively related to the US stock return. It was also detected that M1 affects the stock market lagging 8 months and 12 months. However, the test statistics showed that TCC has rather no impact on the US stock market return. To ensure that the ultimate results are not spurious, care will be taken in regards to autocorrelation, multicollinearity, serial correlation as well as heteroskedasticity.
Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Variables and Common Stock Returns by : Mark Gertler
Download or read book Macroeconomic Variables and Common Stock Returns written by Mark Gertler and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selecting Macroeconomic Variables as Explanatory Factors of Emerging Stock Market Returns by : Chris Bilson
Download or read book Selecting Macroeconomic Variables as Explanatory Factors of Emerging Stock Market Returns written by Chris Bilson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging stock markets have been identified as being at least partially segmented from global capital markets. As a consequence, it has been argued that local risk factors rather than world risk factors are the primary source of equity return variation in these markets. This paper seeks to address the question of whether macroeconomic variables may proxy for local risk sources. We find moderate evidence to support this hypothesis. Further, we investigate the degree of commonality in exposures across emerging stock market returns using a principal components approach. We find little evidence of commonality when emerging markets are considered collectively, however at the regional level considerable commonality is found to exist.
Book Synopsis Do Macroeconomic Variables Affect Stock Returns in BRICS Markets? An ARDL Approach by : Vanita Tripathi
Download or read book Do Macroeconomic Variables Affect Stock Returns in BRICS Markets? An ARDL Approach written by Vanita Tripathi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) propounded by Ross in 1976 argued for a variety of macro economic variables (sources of systematic risk) in explaining stock returns. In the same vein, this paper examines the relationship between macroeconomic variables (GDP, inflation, interest rate, exchange rate, money supply, and oil prices) and aggregate stock returns in BRICS markets over the period 1995-2014 using quarterly data. We have applied Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to document such a relationship for individual countries as well as for panel data.Contrary to general belief, we find that GDP and inflation are not found to be significantly affecting stock returns in most of BRICS markets mainly because Stock returns generally tend to lead rather than follow GDP and inflation. In line with the theory and literature, we find significant negative impact of interest rate, exchange rate and oil prices on stock returns and a positive impact of money supply.This study would be a valuable addition to the growing body of empirical literature on the subject besides being useful to policy makers, regulators and investment community. Policy makers and regulator should watch out for impact of fluctuations in exchange rate, interest rate, money supply, and oil prices on volatility in their stock markets. Investor can search for arbitrage opportunities in BRICS markets on the basis of these variables but not the basis of GDP or inflation.
Book Synopsis The Differential Impact of Macro-economic Variables on the Long, Intermediate, and Short Term Time Components of a Stock Market Index by : Taron Lee Baker
Download or read book The Differential Impact of Macro-economic Variables on the Long, Intermediate, and Short Term Time Components of a Stock Market Index written by Taron Lee Baker and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Variables and Common Stock Returns by : Eben Otuteye
Download or read book Macroeconomic Variables and Common Stock Returns written by Eben Otuteye and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Macroeconomic Variables on Stock Prices: Conventional Versus News Models by : John Vaz
Download or read book The Effects of Macroeconomic Variables on Stock Prices: Conventional Versus News Models written by John Vaz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stock prices are usually analysed and explained in terms of underlying financial indicators, such as earnings per share or dividend payout ratios. Nevertheless, fluctuations in the conditions of the economy can result in changes in demand, which can impact on profits and dividends. Since macroeconomic variables affect financial indicators it follows that macroeconomic variables affect stock prices. If markets are rational and efficient, then stock prices will reflect all known information regarding macroeconomic factors that are perceived to affect stock prices. It follows that stock prices should not change significantly unless there is a surprise or news about the state of the economy (as reflected in unexpected changes in macroeconomic variables). Intuitively, this implies that models of stock price determination based on news ought to be superior to conventional models that use the levels or changes in variables. The utilisation of news in research on stock prices is very limited. Two approaches have been traditionally used to represent the news in the absence of surveys of expectations: either by assuming announcements are news such as those in event studies or by using an econometric time series approach to extract the news components from total changes in the variables, as is the case with the news model. The majority of studies involving news models have been in the foreign exchange market using news estimated econometrically-very little has been done in estimating and testing a macro news model of stock prices and certainly nothing has been done on stock prices in developed economies such as Australia. Thus this research is motivated by the significant gaps in the literature with respect to the development, estimation and testing of a news model of stock prices. Most of the studies that investigate the relations between macro variables and stock prices have been carried out using conventional approaches by estimating models that use the variables in their levels. Some of the multivariable models of stock prices arise as a result of anomalies found in implementing the capital asset pricing model. Other multivariable approaches such as the arbitrage pricing theory (APT), due to Ross (1976), suggest that macro variables are useful, but APT is silent on the appropriate macroeconomic explanatory variables. Furthermore, there have been limited attempts to examine macroeconomic variables collectively, but not with the aim of developing a macro model of stock prices. This thesis presents the results of research that uses comprehensive econometric procedures to investigate which macroeconomic variables have significant effects on Australian stock prices and whether news about such variables can enhance the performance of conventional stock price determination models. Seven macroeconomic variables are examined: interest rates, inflation, the money supply, economic activity, commodity prices, exchange rates and a foreign stock market index to account for spill-over effects. This provides a valuable contribution to the understanding of the individual effects of macroeconomic variables on stock prices and adds to the limited literature regarding the usefulness of news in models of stock price determination. The results from this research demonstrate that although news is a theoretically sound and intuitively plausible basis for improving macro models of stock prices, in practice there is no ex-ante exploitation possible by estimating news utilising econometric methods. Simply put, news cannot be predicted-this is established by using three comprehensive methods of estimating news, which is the residual of a model fitted to the time series data of a particular variable.
Book Synopsis Sensitivity Analysis of Macroeconomic Variables and Stock Returns by : Nisha Nabila
Download or read book Sensitivity Analysis of Macroeconomic Variables and Stock Returns written by Nisha Nabila and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-12-03 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of macroeconomic variables on stock returns has been the subject of increased theoretical and empirical investigation in literature. This book aims to complement the literature by extending this presumed relationship between stock returns and a set of pre-determined domestic and global macroeconomic variables to the emerging stock markets of Bangladesh and India. Evidence for this relationship is drawn in this study through the research methods of Vector Autoregression and by applying empirical tests like Johansen cointegration and Vector Error Correction Models. Empirical findings of this research will provide further insights into understanding the underlying macroeconomic factors that can significantly impact the stock returns of selected stock markets of both Bangladesh and India. This study can also assist various academicians, researchers, policy makers and particularly the governments of these two developing countries to consider the influence of macroeconomic factors when regulating their stock markets, its returns and its policies.
Book Synopsis Does the Stock Market Predict Macro-Variables? by : David G. McMillan
Download or read book Does the Stock Market Predict Macro-Variables? written by David G. McMillan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Movements in the stock market should reflect expectations regarding future economic conditions and lead the macroeconomy. However, evidence for stock returns providing such predictive power is mixed. We argue this arises as stock returns are noisy and consider the predictive ability of derived expected returns, as well as, the price-earnings ratio, VIX and the stock/bond return correlation. Results reveal that expected stock returns and the stock/bond return correlation exhibit predictive power for output and consumption growth and inflation at monthly and quarterly frequencies. The VIX has predictive power at the monthly frequency for consumption growth and inflation, while the price-earnings ratio predicts the shape of the future term structure. Results reveal that higher current expected returns are consistent with to higher future output and consumption growth, while greater risk results in lower future economic activity. The results are robust to considerations of structural breaks and alternative variables. Further, expected returns provides a noticeably more accurate recession prediction than realised returns. Thus, while stock returns are a weak predictor, expected returns and alternative proxies for stock market risk do reveal predictive power. Such information provides a leading role indicator for the macroeconomy and reveals links between financial markets and the economy.
Book Synopsis STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE & MACRO ECONOMIC VARIABLES AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF STOCK MARKET by : Arnav V
Download or read book STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE & MACRO ECONOMIC VARIABLES AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF STOCK MARKET written by Arnav V and published by Arnav. This book was released on 2022-12-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owing to the ever-increasing importance of the financial markets, particularly the stock markets, in the economic development, especially of capital seeking developing nations, a plethora of studies have been conducted to examine the factors determining and influencing the stock market variables such as stock returns, market capitalisation, and turnover, amongst others. The present study examines the impact and role of macroeconomic variables on the stock market performance of an important developing country, viz., India. This relationship is examined from the framework of three main research objectives of investigating the relationship between macroeconomic variables and Indian stock market performance; modelling the crash of Indian stock market during the global financial crisis of 2007 - 2009 using the domestic and international macroeconomic variables, and predicting the movements in stock market variables using macroeconomic variables.
Book Synopsis Macro Variables, Interest Rates and International Stock Return Predictability by : Jürgen Friedmann
Download or read book Macro Variables, Interest Rates and International Stock Return Predictability written by Jürgen Friedmann and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Can Common Components Eliminate Momentum Returns? by : Sirajum Munira
Download or read book Can Common Components Eliminate Momentum Returns? written by Sirajum Munira and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the presence of momentum return when priced for common components. Using a sample period from 1926 through 2005 for all stocks listed in the NYSE, AMEX and NASDAQ we show significant momentum return remains both at the portfolio level and at the individual stock level. We report positive and significant alpha of 0.009 when Fama-French three factors and macroeconomic factors are used as common components at the portfolio level. At the individual stock level, though Fama-French factors cannot eliminate momentum return, the premium diminishes when macroeconomic variables are employed. The result is more pronounced when lagged variables are in play and during market upturn. Our results are robust in different sub-periods and when contemporaneous and lagged variables are used. We conclude that common components cannot eliminate momentum return; the explanatory power of macroeconomic variable is conditioned on assumptions like predictor variable and market condition.
Book Synopsis Stock Return Predictability: Macro-Economic Regressed Sum-of-the-Parts Method by : Prince Ratchatasumrit
Download or read book Stock Return Predictability: Macro-Economic Regressed Sum-of-the-Parts Method written by Prince Ratchatasumrit and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research compares and improves stock market return forecasting via the Sum-of-theParts (SOP) method introduced by Ferreira and Santa-Clara (2011) to 3 representative countries from developed, emerging, and frontier market. Our process includes forecasting separately two main decomposed components of the SOP method with macro-economic variables. The two components from SOP method being regressed are growth in price-to-earnings and growth in earnings, while macro-economic variables being used are growth in foreign portfolio investment, log growth in consumer price index, and log growth in industrial production index. The forecasted components are then being sum with dividend-price ratio to forecast one step ahead stock market return. The findings show that macro-economic regressed variables outperform both the historical sample mean approach and original SOP method, with results from out-of-sample R-squared of 7.29% for USA and 5.96% for Vietnam. The results of SOP method, without macro-economic regressed components, do not consistently carry itself up to 2017 data due to correlation issues of forecasted components. The forecasted growth in price-to-earnings multiple in relation to foreign portfolio investment suggested to us that investors in neither of the representative countries suspect foreign investment holdings to have any impact on growth in price-to-earnings multiples. While, investors in United States, unlike Thailand and Vietnam, may have optimistic expectation that growth in inflation, proxied by CPI, indicates growth in price variable in price-to-earnings multiples, encouraging them to purchase equities to prevent loss from devaluation. The forecasted growth in earnings in relation to GDP, proxied by IPI, on the other hand, suggest among investors from United States to bring about the growth in earnings of corporate entities, unlike those from Thailand and Vietnam.
