Locomotion Of Animals

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Locomotion of Animals

Author : Robert Alexander
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789401160100
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Locomotion of Animals by : Robert Alexander

Download or read book Locomotion of Animals written by Robert Alexander and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about how animals travel around on land, in water and in the air. It is mainly about mechanisms of locomotion, their limitations and their energy requirements. There is some information about muscle physiology in Chapter 1, but only as much as seems necessary for the discussions of mechanisms and energetics. There is information in later chapters about the patterns of repetitive movement involved, for instance, in different gaits, but nothing about nervous mechanisms of coordination. I have tried to include most ofthe widely-used methods of locomotion, but have not thought it sensible to try to mention every variety of locomotion used by animals. This book is designed for undergraduates, but I hope that other people will also find it interesting. It is possible and sometimes illuminating to use complex mathematics in discussions of animal locomotion. This book includes many equations, but little mathematics. Such mathematics as there is, is simple. Discussions of the mechanisms and energetics of locomotion inevitably involve mechanics. I expect that some readers will know a lot of mechanics, and some hardly any. I have tried to help the latter without boring the former, by putting a summary of the necessary mechanics in an appendix (p. 140). References from the main text to the appendix will tell readers where they can find help, if they need it. Figures and equations in the appendix have numbers distinguished by a prefix A (for instance, Figure A.3).

Principles of Animal Locomotion

Author : R. McNeill Alexander
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691126348
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Animal Locomotion by : R. McNeill Alexander

Download or read book Principles of Animal Locomotion written by R. McNeill Alexander and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2006-03-19 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can geckoes walk on the ceiling and basilisk lizards run over water? What are the aerodynamic effects that enable small insects to fly? What are the relative merits of squids' jet-propelled swimming and fishes' tail-powered swimming? Why do horses change gait as they increase speed? What determines our own vertical leap? Recent technical advances have greatly increased researchers' ability to answer these questions with certainty and in detail. This text provides an up-to-date overview of how animals run, walk, jump, crawl, swim, soar, hover, and fly. Excluding only the tiny creatures that use cilia, it covers all animals that power their movements with muscle--from roundworms to whales, clams to elephants, and gnats to albatrosses. The introduction sets out the general rules governing all modes of animal locomotion and considers the performance criteria--such as speed, endurance, and economy--that have shaped their selection. It introduces energetics and optimality as basic principles. The text then tackles each of the major modes by which animals move on land, in water, and through air. It explains the mechanisms involved and the physical and biological forces shaping those mechanisms, paying particular attention to energy costs. Focusing on general principles but extensively discussing a wide variety of individual cases, this is a superb synthesis of current knowledge about animal locomotion. It will be enormously useful to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and a range of professional biologists, physicists, and engineers.

Aristotle's De Motu Animalium

Author : Martha C. Nussbaum
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691219486
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Aristotle's De Motu Animalium by : Martha C. Nussbaum

Download or read book Aristotle's De Motu Animalium written by Martha C. Nussbaum and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available for the first time in paperback, this volume contains text with translation of De Motu Animalium, Aristotle's attempt to lay the groundwork for a general theory of the explanation of animal activity, along with commentary and interpretive essays on the work.

On the Movement of Animals

Author : Giovanni A. Borelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642738125
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Movement of Animals by : Giovanni A. Borelli

Download or read book On the Movement of Animals written by Giovanni A. Borelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: De Motu animalium is sometimes referred to in the medical literature. But who has read it? The book, originally published in Latin, seemingly constitutes the very first treatise on biomechanics. The author, Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608 - 1679), was professor of mathematics and physics in Pisa where he worked with Malpighi, who was professor of theoretical medicine and focused Borelli's interest on the movements of living creatures. This was the time of Galileo, Descartes, Newton and many others, when sciences exploded, sometimes leading to conflicts with religious authorities. De Motu animalium, Borelli's life work, has two parts. In the first part, he analyses the action of the muscles, the movements of the limbs and motions of man and animals, including skating, running, jumping, swimming and flying. The second part deals with what is now called physiology, considered from the point of view of a mechanist: heart beat, blood circulation, breathing, separation of urine from the blood in the kidneys, liver function, reproduction, fatigue, thirst, hunger, fever, and so on. This work shows Borelli to be a genial precursor. He expresses his opinion as a mathematician on problems which afterwards further stimulated the curiosity and endeavours of many generations of researchers. This book will be welcomed by anybody who is interested in the working of living bodies and in the history of human knowledge.

Force: Animal Drawing

Author : Michael D. Mattesi
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1136131736
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (361 download)

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Book Synopsis Force: Animal Drawing by : Michael D. Mattesi

Download or read book Force: Animal Drawing written by Michael D. Mattesi and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many artists are unsure how to bridge the gap between the many basic 'how to draw' books and the more advanced ones dealing with the esoteric details of composition, perspective and anatomy. Force: Animal Drawing is the comprehensive guide to developing artistic animals that are creative, dynamic and anatomical, bridging the gap between foundational art and advanced techniques. Artists and animators alike all find animal inspiration when animating characters- be they human or inhuman. For a unique 'larger than life' character, readers will learn to apply the unique facets of animal movement, locomotion, expressions, facial features, physical build and personality to their traditional and digital art. Readers will also adapt key industry tricks and techniques to personify animal animations with key characteristics of a human's face. Explore the practical application of force theories and learn from today's leading character designers with the included artist interviews and an extended video tutorial via www.drawingforce.com.

Animal Locomotion, Or, Walking, Swimming, and Flying

Author : James Bell Pettigrew
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Locomotion, Or, Walking, Swimming, and Flying by : James Bell Pettigrew

Download or read book Animal Locomotion, Or, Walking, Swimming, and Flying written by James Bell Pettigrew and published by . This book was released on 1874 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Restless Creatures

Author : Matt Wilkinson
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 046509869X
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis Restless Creatures by : Matt Wilkinson

Download or read book Restless Creatures written by Matt Wilkinson and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From flying pterodactyls to walking primates, the story of life as told through the evolution of locomotion. Most of us never think about how we get from one place to another. For most people, putting one foot in front of the other requires no thought at all. Yet the fact that we and other species are able to do so is one of the great triumphs of evolution. To truly understand how life evolved on Earth, it is crucial to understand movement. Restless Creatures makes the bold new argument that the true story of evolution is the story of locomotion, from the first stirrings of bacteria to the amazing feats of Olympic athletes. By retracing the four-billion-year history of locomotion, evolutionary biologist Matt Wilkinson shows how the physical challenges of moving from place to place-when coupled with the implacable logic of natural selection-offer a uniquely powerful means of illuminating the living world. Whales and dolphins look like fish because they have been molded by the constraints of underwater locomotion. The unbending physical needs of flight have brought bats, birds, and pterodactyls to strikingly similar anatomies. Movement explains why we have opposable thumbs, why moving can make us feel good, how fish fins became limbs, and even why-classic fiction notwithstanding-there are no flying monkeys nor animals with wheels. Even plants aren't immune from locomotion's long reach: their seeds, pollen, and very form are all determined by their aptitude to disperse. From sprinting cheetah to spinning maple fruit, soaring albatross to burrowing worm, crawling amoeba to running human-all are the way they are because of how they move. There is a famous saying: "nothing in biology makes sense unless in the light of evolution." As Wilkinson makes clear: little makes sense unless in the light of locomotion. A powerful yet accessible work of evolutionary biology, Restless Creatures is the essential guide for understanding how life on Earth was shaped by the simple need to move from point A to point B.

How to Walk on Water and Climb up Walls

Author : David Hu
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691169861
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis How to Walk on Water and Climb up Walls by : David Hu

Download or read book How to Walk on Water and Climb up Walls written by David Hu and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-13 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discovering the secrets of animal movement and what they can teach us Insects walk on water, snakes slither, and fish swim. Animals move with astounding grace, speed, and versatility: how do they do it, and what can we learn from them? In How to Walk on Water and Climb up Walls, David Hu takes readers on an accessible, wondrous journey into the world of animal motion. From basement labs at MIT to the rain forests of Panama, Hu shows how animals have adapted and evolved to traverse their environments, taking advantage of physical laws with results that are startling and ingenious. In turn, the latest discoveries about animal mechanics are inspiring scientists to invent robots and devices that move with similar elegance and efficiency. Hu follows scientists as they investigate a multitude of animal movements, from the undulations of sandfish and the way that dogs shake off water in fractions of a second to the seemingly crash-resistant characteristics of insect flight. Not limiting his exploration to individual organisms, Hu describes the ways animals enact swarm intelligence, such as when army ants cooperate and link their bodies to create bridges that span ravines. He also looks at what scientists learn from nature’s unexpected feats—such as snakes that fly, mosquitoes that survive rainstorms, and dead fish that swim upstream. As researchers better understand such issues as energy, flexibility, and water repellency in animal movement, they are applying this knowledge to the development of cutting-edge technology. Integrating biology, engineering, physics, and robotics, How to Walk on Water and Climb up Walls demystifies the remarkable mechanics behind animal locomotion.

Animals in Motion

Author : Eadweard Muybridge
Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0486129993
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (861 download)

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Book Synopsis Animals in Motion by : Eadweard Muybridge

Download or read book Animals in Motion written by Eadweard Muybridge and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012-09-24 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 4,000 photographs in series and stopped action of horses, cats, lions, deer, kangaroos, etc. Indispensable for animal artists. Classic of 19th-century photography. "Impressive and valuable collection." — Scientific American.

Animal Locomotion

Author : Malcolm S. Gordon
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351966200
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Locomotion by : Malcolm S. Gordon

Download or read book Animal Locomotion written by Malcolm S. Gordon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal Locomotion: Physical Principles and Adaptations is a professional-level, state of the art review and reference summarizing the current understanding of macroscopic metazoan animal movement. The comparative biophysics, biomechanics and bioengineering of swimming, flying and terrestrial locomotion are placed in contemporary frameworks of biodiversity, evolutionary process, and modern research methods, including mathematical analysis. The intended primary audience is advanced-level students and researchers primarily interested in and trained in mathematics, physical sciences and engineering. Although not encyclopedic in its coverage, anyone interested in organismal biology, functional morphology, organ systems and ecological physiology, physiological ecology, molecular biology, molecular genetics and systems biology should find this book useful.

Animal Mechanics

Author : R. McNeill Alexander
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Mechanics by : R. McNeill Alexander

Download or read book Animal Mechanics written by R. McNeill Alexander and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Scale Effects in Animal Locomotion

Author : T. J. Pedley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Scale Effects in Animal Locomotion by : T. J. Pedley

Download or read book Scale Effects in Animal Locomotion written by T. J. Pedley and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Animal Movement Across Scales

Author : Lars-Anders Hansson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199677182
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Movement Across Scales by : Lars-Anders Hansson

Download or read book Animal Movement Across Scales written by Lars-Anders Hansson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study takes a broad and timely approach to animal movement across both temporal and spatial scales. Movement and migration on land, in the air, and in water are pervading features of animal life-from the smallest protozoans to the largest whales - and can extend from millimetres to global scale. Research into animal movement ecology is now entering a new era with the development of novel molecular, electronic, and technical methods that make it possible to analyse the movements of individual animals under complex environmental conditions that determine the evolution of movement habits.

Animal Locomotion

Author : Andrew A. Biewener
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198500223
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Locomotion by : Andrew A. Biewener

Download or read book Animal Locomotion written by Andrew A. Biewener and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-06-19 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a clear foundation, based on physical biology and biomechanics, for understanding the underlying mechanisms by which animals have evolved to move in their physical environment. It integrates the biomechanics of animal movement with the physiology of animal energetics and the neural control of locomotion. The author also communicates a sense of the awe and fascination that comes from watching the grace, speed, and power of animals in motion. Movement is a fundamental distinguishing feature of animal life, and a variety of extremely effective mechanical and physiological designs have evolved. Common themes are observed for the ways in which animals successfully contend with the properties of a given physical environment across diversity of life forms and varying locomotor modes. Understanding the common principles of design that span a diverse array of animals requires a broad comparative and integrative approach to their study. This theme persists throughout the book, as various modes and mechanisms of animal locomotion are covered. Since an animal's size is equally critical to its functional design, the effects of scale on locomotor energetics and mechanics are also discussed. Biewener begins by examining the underlying machinery for movement: skeletal muscles used for force generation, skeletons used for force transmission, and spring-like elements used for energy savings. He then describes the basic mechanisms that animals have evolved to move over land, in and on the surface of the water, and in the air. Common fluid dynamic principles are discussed as background to both swimming and flight. In addition to discussing the locomotor mechanisms of complex animals, the locomotor movement of single cells is also covered. Common biochemical features of cellular metabolism are then reviewed before discussing the energetic aspects of various locomotor modes. Strategies for conserving energy and moving economically are again highlighted in this section of the book. Emphasis is placed on comparisons of energetic features across locomotor modes. The book concludes with a discussion of the neural control of animal locomotion. The basic neurosensory and motor elements common to vertebrates and arthropods are discussed, and features of sensori-motor organization and function are highlighted. These are then examined in the context of specific examples of how animals control the rhythmic patterns of limb and body movement that underlie locomotor function and stability.

Indecent Exposures

Author : Sarah Gordon
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 030021863X
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Indecent Exposures by : Sarah Gordon

Download or read book Indecent Exposures written by Sarah Gordon and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-27 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photographer Eadweard Muybridge (1830–1904), often termed the father of the motion picture, presented his iconic Animal Locomotion series in 1887. Produced under the auspices of the University of Pennsylvania and encompassing thousands of photographs of humans and animals in motion, the series included more than 300 plates of nude men and women engaged in activities such as swinging a baseball bat, playing leapfrog, and performing housework—an astonishing fact given the period’s standards of propriety. In the first sustained examination of these nudes and the remarkable success of their production, wide circulation, and reception, Indecent Exposures positions this revolutionary enterprise as central to crucial advancements of the modern era. Muybridge’s nudes ushered in new attitudes toward science and progress, including Darwinian ideas about human evolution and hierarchy; quickened debates over the role of photography and scientific investigation in art; and offered innovative perspectives on the human body. This fascinating story is copiously illustrated, and includes many lesser-known photographs published here for the first time.

Bioinspired Legged Locomotion

Author : Maziar Ahmad Sharbafi
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0128037741
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioinspired Legged Locomotion by : Maziar Ahmad Sharbafi

Download or read book Bioinspired Legged Locomotion written by Maziar Ahmad Sharbafi and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioinspired Legged Locomotion: Models, Concepts, Control and Applications explores the universe of legged robots, bringing in perspectives from engineering, biology, motion science, and medicine to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. With comprehensive coverage, each chapter brings outlines, and an abstract, introduction, new developments, and a summary. Beginning with bio-inspired locomotion concepts, the book's editors present a thorough review of current literature that is followed by a more detailed view of bouncing, swinging, and balancing, the three fundamental sub functions of locomotion. This part is closed with a presentation of conceptual models for locomotion. Next, the book explores bio-inspired body design, discussing the concepts of motion control, stability, efficiency, and robustness. The morphology of legged robots follows this discussion, including biped and quadruped designs. Finally, a section on high-level control and applications discusses neuromuscular models, closing the book with examples of applications and discussions of performance, efficiency, and robustness. At the end, the editors share their perspective on the future directions of each area, presenting state-of-the-art knowledge on the subject using a structured and consistent approach that will help researchers in both academia and industry formulate a better understanding of bioinspired legged robotic locomotion and quickly apply the concepts in research or products. - Presents state-of-the-art control approaches with biological relevance - Provides a thorough understanding of the principles of organization of biological locomotion - Teaches the organization of complex systems based on low-dimensional motion concepts/control - Acts as a guideline reference for future robots/assistive devices with legged architecture - Includes a selective bibliography on the most relevant published articles

On the Gait of Animals

Author : Aristotle
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721546237
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Gait of Animals by : Aristotle

Download or read book On the Gait of Animals written by Aristotle and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On the Gait of Animals Aristotle Other works by the renowned classical scholar, translator, and literary critic Francis Fergusson include "The Idea of a Theater: A Study of Ten Plays," "Sallies of the Mind: Essays," "Trope and Allegory: Themes Common to Dante and Shakespeare," and "Dante's Drama of the Mind: A Modern Reading of the "Purgatorio. Translator and scholar S. H. Butcher served as editor for the Dover Thift Edition of the "Poetics," as well as for the "Orationes, Volume 1" by Demosthenes. Butcher is also the author of "Aristotle's Theory of Poetry and Fine Art," We are delighted to publish this classic book as part of our extensive Classic Library collection. Many of the books in our collection have been out of print for decades, and therefore have not been accessible to the general public. The aim of our publishing program is to facilitate rapid access to this vast reservoir of literature, and our view is that this is a significant literary work, which deserves to be brought back into print after many decades. The contents of the vast majority of titles in the Classic Library have been scanned from the original works. To ensure a high quality product, each title has been meticulously hand curated by our staff. Our philosophy has been guided by a desire to provide the reader with a book that is as close as possible to ownership of the original work. We hope that you will enjoy this wonderful classic work, and that for you it becomes an enriching experience.