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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Liquid Phase Products and Solid Deposit Formation from Thermally Stressed Model Jet Fuels written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 836 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Advanced Thermally Stable Jet Fuels Development Program Annual Report. Volume 2. Compositional Factors Affecting Thermal Degradation of Jet Fuels written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Model hydrocarbon compounds and jet fuels derived from both petroleum and coal liquids were thermally stressed in microautoclave reactors at temperatures of 350-500 degrees C. Regardless of starting material, alkylated benzenes, alkylated naphthalenes, biphenyls, and complex polycyclic aromatics are formed by this thermal stressing. The concentration of these intermediates depends on the starting material and the experimental conditions. The formation of solids is directly related to high concentrations of alkylbenzenes and polycyclic aromatics in the liquid phase. Solid products consist primarily of large polycyclic aromatics with varying aliphatic substitution and their composition depends on the compound and the thermal conditions. Analysis of the solids showed anisotropic structures consistent with pseudo-nematic liquid crystalline mesophase. From these experiments a preliminary ordering of compound stability based on structure has been established.(ttl).
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Thermal Stability of Jet Fuels: Kinetics of Forming Deposit Precursors written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Superintendent of Documents
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by United States. Superintendent of Documents and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781729193129
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (931 download)
Download or read book Thermal Stability of Jet Fuels: Kinetics of Forming Deposit Precursors written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this study was on the autoxidation kinetics of deposit precursor formation in jet fuels. The objectives were: (1) to demonstrate that laser-induced fluorescence is a viable kinetic tool for measuring rates of deposit precursor formation in jet fuels; (2) to determine global rate expressions for the formation of thermal deposit precursors in jet fuels; and (3) to better understand the chemical mechanism of thermal stability. The fuels were isothermally stressed in small glass ampules in the 120 to 180 C range. Concentrations of deposit precursor, hydroperoxide and oxygen consumption were measured over time in the thermally stressed fuels. Deposit precursors were measured using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), hydroperoxides using a spectrophotometric technique, and oxygen consumption by the pressure loss in the ampule. The expressions, I.P. = 1.278 x 10(exp -11)exp(28,517.9/RT) and R(sub dp) = 2.382 x 10(exp 17)exp(-34,369.2/RT) for the induction period, I.P. and rate of deposit precursor formation R(sub dp), were determined for Jet A fuel. The results of the study support a new theory of deposit formation in jet fuels, which suggest that acid catalyzed ionic reactions compete with free radical reactions to form deposit precursors. The results indicate that deposit precursors form only when aromatics are present in the fuel. Traces of sulfur reduce the rate of autoxidation but increase the yield of deposit precursor. Free radical chemistry is responsible for hydroperoxide formation and the oxidation of sulfur compounds to sulfonic acids. Phenols are then formed by the acid catalyzed decomposition of benzylic hydroperoxides, and deposit precursors are produced by the reaction of phenols with aldehydes, which forms a polymer similar to Bakelite. Deposit precursors appear to have a phenolic resin-like structure because the LIF spectra of the deposit precursors were similar to that of phenolic resin dissolved in TAM. Naegeli, David W. Glenn Research Center
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1258 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1382 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Thermally Stable Jet Fuels. Technical Progress Report, April 1994--June 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research continued on coal-based, thermally stable, jet fuels. Significant progress has been made on the detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in highly stressed fuels, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detection. Gas chromatography is not able to detect compounds with[>=]6 fused aromatic rings, but such compounds can be identified using the HPLC method. The concentration of such compounds is low in comparison to aromatics of 1-3 rings, but the role of the large compounds in the formation of solid deposits may be crucial in determining the thermal stability of a fuel. The unusual properties of fluid fuels in the near-critical region appear to have significant effects on their thermal decomposition reactions. This issue has been investigated in the present reporting period using n-tetradecane as a model compound for fuel decomposition. Temperature-programmed retention indices are very useful for gas chromatographic and gas chromatography/mass spectrometric analysis of coal and petroleum derived jet fuels. We have demonstrated this in the identification of components in two JP-8 fuels and their liquid chromatographic fractions. The role of activated carbon surfaces as catalysts in the thermal stressing of jet fuel was investigated using n-dodecane and n-octane as model compounds. In some cases the reactions were spiked with addition of 5% decalin to test the ability of the carbon to catalyze the transformation of decalin to naphthalene. We have previously shown that benzyl alcohol and 1,4-benzenedimethanol are effective stabilizers at temperatures[>=]400[degrees]C for jet fuels and the model compound dodecane. The addition of ethanol to hydrocarbon/benzyl alcohol mixtures has a significant effect on the thermal stabilization of jet fuels above 400[degrees]C. Ethanol appears to function by reducing the benzaldehyde formed during the degradation of the benzyl alcohol. This reduction regenerates the benzyl alcohol.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1048 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book NASA SP. written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Aeronautical Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A selection of annotated references to unclassified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system and announced in Scientific and technical aerospace reports (STAR) and International aerospace abstracts (IAA).
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Applications of High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry to Aviation Fuel Thermal Stability Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book A Cumulative Index to a Continuing Bibliography on Aeronautical Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)
Download or read book Advanced Thermally Stable Jet Fuels. Technical Progress Report, August 1992--October 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Penn State program in advanced thermally stable coal-based jet fuels has five borad objectives: (1) development of mechanisms of degradation and solids formation; (2) quantitative measurement of growth of sub-micrometer and miocrometer-sized particles suspended in fuels during thermal stressing; (3) characterization of carbonaceous deposits by various instrumental and microscopic methods; (4) elucidation of the role of additives in retarding the formation of carbonaceous solids; and (5) assessment of the potential of production of high yields of cycloalkanes by direct liquefaction of coal. Pyrolysis of four isomers of butylbenzene was investigated in static microautoclave reactors at 450°C under 0.69 MPa of UHP N2. Thee rates of disappearance of substrates were found to depend upon the bonding energy of C[alpha]-C[beta] bond in the side chain in the initial period of pyrolysis reactions. Possible catalytic effects of metal surfaces on thermal degradation and deposit formation at temperatures>400°C have been studied. Carbon deposition depends on the composition of the metal surfaces, and also depends on the chemical compositions of the reactants. Thermal stressing of JP-8 was conducted in the presence of alumina, carbonaceous deposits recovered from earlier stressing experiments, activated carbon, carbon black, and graphite. The addition of different solid carbons during thermal stressing leads to different reaction mechanisms. 13C NMR spectroscopy, along with 13C-labeling techniques, have been used to examine the thermal stability of a jet fuel sample mixed with 5% benzyl alcohol. Several heterometallic complexes consisting of two transition metals and sulfur in a single molecule were synthesized and tested as precursors of bimetallic dispersed catalysts for liquefaction of a Montana subbituminous and Pittsburgh No. 8 bituminous coals.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-11 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Publisher : ASM International
ISBN 13 : 1627080945
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (27 download)
Download or read book Corrosion in the Petrochemical Industry, Second Edition written by and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1994, this second edition of Corrosion in the Petrochemical Industry collects peer-reviewed articles written by experts in the field of corrosion that were specifically chosen for this book because of their relevance to the petrochemical industry. This edition expands coverage of the different forms of corrosion, including the effects of metallurgical variables on the corrosion of several alloys. It discusses protection methods, including discussion of corrosion inhibitors and corrosion resistance of aluminum, magnesium, stainless steels, and nickels. It also includes a section devoted specifically to petroleum and petrochemical industry related issues.
