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Author : Defense Documentation Center (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Liquid Metals, Liquid Metal Alloys and Their Applications written by Defense Documentation Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lei Fu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527828796
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)
Download or read book Liquid Metals written by Lei Fu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date exploration of the properties and most recent applications of liquid metals In Liquid Metal: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications, a pair of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive exploration of liquid metals with a strong focus on their structure and physicochemical properties, preparation methods, and tuning strategies. The book also illustrates the applications of liquid metals in fields as varied as mediated synthesis, 3D printing, flexible electronics, biomedicine, energy storage, and energy conversion. The authors include coverage of reactive mediums for synthesizing and assembling nanomaterials and direct-writing electronics, and the book offers access to supplementary video materials to highlight the concepts discussed within. Recent advancements in the field of liquid metals are also discussed, as are new opportunities for research and development in this rapidly developing area. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to the fundamentals of liquid metal, including a history of its discovery, its structure and physical properties, and its preparation Comprehensive explorations of the external field tuning of liquid metal, including electrical, magnetic, and chemical tuning Practical discussions of liquid metal as a new reaction medium, including nanomaterial synthesis and alloy preparation In-depth examinations of constructing techniques of liquid metal-based architectures, including injection, imprinting, and mask-assisted depositing Perfect for materials scientists, electrochemists, and catalytic chemists, Liquid Metal: Properties, Mechanisms, and Applications also belongs in the libraries of inorganic chemists, electronics engineers, and biochemists.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Liquid-metals Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John H. Stang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Materials for Space-power Liquid Metals Service written by John H. Stang and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This memorandum deals with the use of liquid metals in advanced spacepower plants. The principal liquid-metal candidates for such applications are mercury, NaK, potassium, lithium, cesium, and sodium. These metals are used primarily as heat-transfer media and as working fluids at high temperatures. This memorandum identifies specific areas for molten metal use and discusses the materials, problems, and developments associated with their containment. (Author).
Author : I.G. Brodova
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415272339
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (723 download)
Download or read book Liquid Metal Processing written by I.G. Brodova and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-04 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The title presents an up-to-date account of the research, development, and applications of metallic alloys, recent research into the structure of charge materials, melt treatment, and casting technologies, and their influence on the properties of melts and ingots. This research has confirmed theoretical concepts about the microheterogenous constitution of metallic melts and has made it possible to manage the quality of castings and ingots of various alloys by their special treatment in the liquid state. The four chapters of the book give theoretical and experimental evidence of the effect of the melt constitution on the structure and properties of the solid metal. Liquid Metal Processing: Applications to Aluminium Alloy Production considers common features of structure formation in aluminium alloys for a wide range of solidification conditions, including ultrasonic and thermal melt treatments and discusses the technological problems of these treatments.
Author : H. U. Borgstedt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468483668
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Material Behavior and Physical Chemistry in Liquid Metal Systems written by H. U. Borgstedt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international seminar "Material Behavior and Physical Chemistry in Liquid Metal Systems" was organized by the Institute of Materials and Solid State Research of the Karlsruhe Nuclear Research Center (Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany). The seminar was held at the Nuclear Engineering School of the center on March 24-26, 1981. The aim of the seminar was to give metallurgists, chemists,. and physicists working in different areas of the science and technology of liquid metals an opportunity to discuss the basic work and the need for further work in this field. Since the seminar was held near one of the laboratories which for the last few years has been engaged in liquid alkali metal studies, partic ipants also had an opportunity to observe modern equipment for liquid alkali metal research. Interest in the application of liquid metals as working fluids in energy production, conversion, and storage is increasing. The technology has already demonstrated its high standards, which make possible the operation of large sodium-cooled fast reactors. Past conferences have shown, however, that there is still a lack of basic knowledge and understanding. Therefore, the aim of the present seminar was to discuss basic work in detail, and most of the papers contributed to this objective.
Author : Takashi Nakanishi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527804951
Total Pages : 323 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)
Download or read book Functional Organic Liquids written by Takashi Nakanishi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to comprehensively cover the burgeoning new class of soft materials known as functional organic liquids Functional organic liquids, a new concept in soft matter materials science, exhibit favorable properties compared to amorphous polymers and ionic liquids. They are composed of a functional core unit and a side chain, which induces fluidity even at room temperature. Due to their fluidity, functional organic liquids can adopt any shape and geometry and fulfill their function in stretchable and bendable devices for applications in photovoltaics, organic electronics, biomedicine, and biochemistry. Presented in five parts, this book starts with an overview of the design methods and properties of functional organic liquids. The next three parts focus on the applications of this exciting new class of soft materials in the fields of energy conversion, nanotechnology, and biomaterials. They study the liquids for energy conversion, those containing inorganic nanoclusters, and solvent-free soft biomaterials. Functional Organic Liquids concludes with a comparison in terms of properties and application potential between functional organic liquids and more conventional soft matter such as ionic liquids and liquid metals. -Examines the current state of science and technology for functional organic liquids -Focuses on potential and already realized applications such as functional organic liquids for energy conversion -Stimulates researchers to move forward on future development and applications Functional Organic Liquids is an excellent book for materials scientists, polymer chemists, organic chemists, physical chemists, surface chemists, and surface physicists.
Author : Takamichi Iida
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Physical Properties of Liquid Metals written by Takamichi Iida and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1988 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the first comprehensive critical survey of the microstructural characteristics of liquid metals which determine properties of viscosity, surface tension, density, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, diffusion, and velocity of sound transmission. The experimental techniques used to obtain these data are also reviewed. The result is a valuable set of correlations and reference data which enable the reader to understand the basic phenomena underlying the properties of liquid metals. As such, the book will be invaluable for metallurgists and materials engineers working in this area.
Author : Jing Liu
Publisher : Springer Series in Biomaterial
ISBN 13 : 9789811338571
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (385 download)
Download or read book Liquid Metal Biomaterials written by Jing Liu and published by Springer Series in Biomaterial. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first-ever book to illustrate the principles and applications of liquid metal biomaterials. Room-temperature liquid metal materials are rapidly emerging as next-generation functional materials that display many unconventional properties superior to those of conventional biomaterials. Their outstanding, unique versatility ("one material, diverse capabilities") opens many exciting opportunities for the medical sciences. The book reviews representative applications of liquid metal biomaterials from both therapeutic and diagnostic aspects. It also discusses related efforts to employ liquid metals to overcome today's biomedical challenges. It will provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the technical advances and fundamental discoveries on the frontier, and thus equip them to investigate and utilize liquid metal biomaterials to tackle various critical problems.
Author : David J. Fisher
Publisher : Materials Research Forum LLC
ISBN 13 : 1644900688
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (449 download)
Download or read book Liquid Metal Alloys in Electronics written by David J. Fisher and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2020-03-15 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid metal alloys are of rapidly increasing interest in electronics because they combine the high electrical conductivity of metals with the ease of manipulation and reconfiguration of liquids. The book focuses on such issues as self-assembled monolayers, energy-harvesting, reconfigurable and flexible antennae, sensors, conformable electronics, the creation of non-wetting super-hydrophobic or super-lyophobic surfaces, vacuum-assisted infiltration techniques, development of microfluidics, deformable electrodes and wearable electronics. The book references 270 original resources and includes their direct web link for in-depth reading. Keywords: Liquid Metals, Gallium-Indium Alloys, Galinstan, EGaIn, Self-Assembled Monolayers, Energy-Harvesting, Reconfigurable Antennae, Sensors, Conformable Electrodes, Stretchable Wires and Interconnects, Self-Healing Circuits, Gallium-Lyophilic Surfaces, Wettability of Liquid Metal, Substrate Topology, Selective Wetting Deposition Technique, Gallium-Indium Droplets on Thin Metal Films, Substrate Texture upon Wetting, Dielectrophoresis, Microfluidics, Deformable Electrodes, Wearable Electronics, Flexible Antennae, Surface Oxidation of Alloys.
Author : I. G. Brodova
Publisher : Gordon & Breach Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9789056992293
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (922 download)
Download or read book Liquid Metal Processing written by I. G. Brodova and published by Gordon & Breach Science Publishers. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The monograph is intended for scientists and engineers in industry, as well as for advanced students in metallurgy, foundry industry and metallography, and it will be of particular interest to those involved in research into the interrelation between the liquid and solid states of many commercially important light alloys.
Author : A.J. Downs
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780751401035
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Chemistry of Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium written by A.J. Downs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-05-31 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boron has all the best tunes. That may well be the first impression of the Group 13 elements. The chemical literature fosters the impression not only in the primary journals, but also in asteady outflowofbooks focussing more or less closely on boron and its compounds. The same preoccupation with boron is apparent in the coverage received by the Group 13 elements in the comprehensive and regularly updated volume of the Gmelin Handbook. Yet such an imbalance cannot be explained by any inherent lack ofvariety, interest or consequence in the 'heavier elements. Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust; in the industrialised world the metal is second only to iron in its usage, and its compounds can justifiably be said to touch our lives daily - to the potential detriment of those and other lives, some would argue. From being chemical curios, gallium and indium have now gained considerably prominence as sources of compound semiconductors like gallium arsenide and indium antimonide. Nor is there any want ofincident in the chemistriesofthe heavier Group 13 elements. In their redox, coordination and structural properties, there is to be found music indeed, notable not always for its harmony but invariably for its richness and variety. Thisbook seeks to redress the balance with a definitive, wide-rangingand up-to-date review of the chemistry of the Group 13 metals aluminium, gallium, indium and thallium.
Author : H.U. Borgstedt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461519772
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Liquid Metal Systems written by H.U. Borgstedt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid metal technology has been the subject of an impetuous development in the recent decades, mainly due to the application of liquid met als in nuclear techniques. The technological development has been supported by studies of the basic physical-chemical properties of liquid metals: One major concern is the material behaviour in contact with the liquid metals, corrosion and the possible deterioration of metallic and ceramic materials which are in use as constructional or functional materials in such systems. Since the corrosion is in many cases not only a simple dissolution process, the chemical background of such processes had to be studied. Such studies included the determination of solubilities of metals and non-metals in liquid metals, the measurement of thermodynamic data of dissolved materials and of chemical equilibria. Several formerly unknown chemical compounds are formed in liquid metal~ lnd are only stable in this environment. The research and deve\opment devoted to the fission reactor techniques were more or less completed in several countries, further work is in progress in some countries in which the interest in fast breeder reactors arose recently. Even the worldwide program on fusion reactor technology is related to liquid metals, and severallaboratories are now contributing to this new technology.
Author : M. F. Amateau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Molten Alkali Metals on Containment Metals and Alloys at High Temperatures written by M. F. Amateau and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion of containment materials is the most serious problem in liquid-metal systems. Most high-temperature engineering metals such as refractory metals, nickel-base and cobalt-base superalloys, and the austenitic and ferritic stainless steels are sufficiently resistant to liquid sodium and NaK to be useful up to about 1600 F. The most important factor in the corrosion of these materials under given conditions of temperature and flow rate is the oxygen content of the sodium. No material is truly corrosion resistant to lithium, although the refractory metals tantalum, columbium, and molybdenum do have some potential for high-temperature service in engineering applications. Zirconium and pure iron may also find some limited use in lithium, especially in lower temperature, twocomponent, static systems. The cobalt- and nickel-base alloys are unsuitable for high-temperature service in liquid lithium. The nitrogen content of the lithium is a particularly important factor. Potassium, rubidium, and cesium are somewhat less corrosive than the other alkali metals. The refractory metals and alloys are little affected by these liquid metals. The sliding and bearing properties of metals are generally affected adversely by the presence of pure molten metals. (Author).
Author : Mitsuo Shimoji
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Liquid Metals written by Mitsuo Shimoji and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Logan Ali Stewart
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 113 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Interfacial Chemistry of Liquid Metals: Eutectic Gallium Indium (E-GaIn) written by Logan Ali Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gallium-based liquid metal alloys have garnered attention for their use in self-healing and flexible electronics, soft robotics, catalysis, and biomedicine. Advances in these next-generation materials have only been made possible through understanding the liquid-metal interfaces and the interactions of matter with these liquids. We propose that liquid metal chemistry of gallium and gallium-based alloys can be subdivided into a series of interfacial phenomenon. To study the interfacial properties of liquid metal, eutectic gallium indium (E-GaIn), a non-toxic liquid metal alloy comprised of ~75% gallium and ~25% indium, and has a melting temperature of 15.5 C, was employed for its liquid state at room temperature. With an overview of the breadth of chemistry involved within liquid metal systems, we first consider the oxidation of liquid metals in air. Room-temperature liquid metals, their interactions in air, and the kinetics of oxidation are critical first steps towards understanding the materials properties of liquid metals, such as surface-energy/surface-tension that originate at the metal-oxide interface. Once understood, this oxidation can be prevented via surface-bound ligands. We employed gallium-thiol chemistry and bi-functional thiol molecules as capping ligands for the surface stabilization of gallium-based liquid-metal nanostructures. These surface stabilization effects, within mixtures of liquid metal and polar solution, such as water and ethanol, are examined as a new type of emulsified system. These emulsified systems, with the help of surface-active molecules, can exist in both their singly and doubly emulsified forms. Like mercury and other liquid metals, E-GaIn has a high surface tension, which when broken can form ultra-small droplets, ~4 nm. These ultra-small liquid metal droplets were found to undergo higher order assemblies in the form of fractal aggregates under evaporation of the surrounding solvent. When examining the doubly emulsified form, these liquid metal droplets present a novel approach for the encapsulation of cargo. The material properties of E-GaIn present an interesting avenue for the study of nanocarriers. Eutectic gallium indium, which has low toxicity, enable considering this liquid metal for drug-delivery applications. Furthermore, where traditional nanoparticle carriers typically have cargo decorated on the surface, or within pores and imperfections; liquid-metal double emulsions, which have a non-metallic phase embedded within the core of the liquid metal droplets, allow for cargo loading much larger than the surface of the nanostructure. Lastly, competition for interfaces and the role of self-assembly at metallic interfaces presents a scaffold for the post-encapsulation functionalization of liquid metal carriers. The 'skin' of liquid E-GaIn, whether comprised of metal oxide, metal thiolate, or pristine surface can act as a barrier for reaction kinetics, such as in the case of surface oxidation and the prevention of it with thiol/thiolate assemblies at the liquid metal interface, or a regenerative reactive interface, as in the case of surface-initiated galvanic reduction. Galvanic reduction with gallium, as the name implies, can act as a free-electron surface for the reduction of simple metal salts. Similar to hanging mercury drop experiments, liquid metals provide a pristine, self-regenerating, liquid metal surface. We explore the galvanic reduction of silver salts on nanoscopic liquid metal seeds via solution-liquid-solid-growth of silver nanovines. We found these arboriform liquid metal structures were grown as diffusion-limited aggregates and we were able to impart control on both the growth front thickness and aspect ratio. The manipulation of liquid metals with surface-active molecules will have applications in next-generation devices and soft robotics. By incorporating liquid metal as the conductive contacts, we enable malleable devices. Liquid metals enable new applications of traditional conductive materials with certain advantages. We envision robots, sensors, and a variety of future prospects where liquid metal can open new doors to a variety of applications. In an effort to explore these devices, we have shown that E GaIn is an ideal contact material for an ultra-thin indium oxide based field-effect transistor (FET). These liquid-metal-enabled devices provide lower barriers to charge transfer, yielding lower power devices as compared to gold. Liquid-metal-enabled emulsions, materials, and devices present new chapters in inorganic chemistry, materials chemistry, engineering, nanoscience, and medicine. By looking at the interfacial phenomenon that dictates the interactions of liquid metal with the environment, we explore these avenues of control and application. With the rise in availability for three-dimensional (3-D) printers, liquid metal and hybrid materials comprised of liquid-metal-based emulsions are a new frontier. The field of liquid-metal-enabled materials remains relatively unexplored.
Author : J. E. Draley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468418459
Total Pages : 603 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Corrosion by Liquid Metals written by J. E. Draley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Corrosion Resistant Metals Committee and the Nuclear Metallurgy Committee of the Institute of Metals Division of The Metallurgical Society of AlME sponsored a 2-1/2 day symposium on "Corrosion by Liquid Metals". The symposium was held in Philadelphia, October 13-15, 1969, during the 1969 Fall Meeting of the Metallurgical Society and the Materials Engineering Con gress of the American Society for Metals. Cosponsors included the American Society for Metals and the American Nuclear Society. The purpose of the symposium was to bring together the several aspects of the subject of corrosion by liquid metals, so that perspective could be provided on the entire subject, to help in dividuals dealing with liquid metal corrosion problems acquire a sound basis of understanding, and to provide an opportunity for discussion between those doing research in this field. An exposition of the subject is timely, in view of the in creasing development of liquid metal heat and power sources for special purposes, including heat-pipe systems, NASA's SNAP power systems, and the AEC's liquid metal fast breeder reactor system. This book contains the proceedings of the symposium divided into four separate topics: I. Corrosion of Steels by Sodium, II. Alkali-Refractory Metal Interactions, III. Corrosion by Non-Alkali Metals, and IV. Analysis of Solid-Liquid Metal Inter actions (two sessions).
