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Lifecycle Asset Allocation Strategies And The Distribution Of 401k Retirement Wealth
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Book Synopsis Lifecycle Asset Allocation Strategies and the Distribution of 401(K) Retirement Wealth by : James M. Poterba
Download or read book Lifecycle Asset Allocation Strategies and the Distribution of 401(K) Retirement Wealth written by James M. Poterba and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines how different asset allocation strategies over the course of a worker's career affect the distribution of retirement wealth and the expected utility of wealth at retirement. It considers both rules that allocate a constant portfolio fraction to various assets at all ages, as well as quot;lifecyclequot; rules that vary the mix of portfolio assets as the worker ages. The analysis simulates retirement wealth using asset returns that are drawn from the historical return distribution. The results suggest that the distribution of retirement wealth associated with typical lifecycle investment strategies is similar to that from age-invariant asset allocation strategies that set the equity share of the portfolio equal to the average equity share in the lifecycle strategies. There is substantial variation across workers with different characteristics in the expected utility from following different asset allocation strategies. The expected utility associated with different 401(k) asset allocation strategies, and the ranking of these strategies, is very sensitive to three parameters: the expected return on corporate stock, the worker's relative risk aversion, and the amount of non-401(k) wealth that the worker will have available at retirement. At modest levels of risk aversion, or in the presence of substantial non-401(k) wealth at retirement, the historical pattern of stock and bond returns implies that the expected utility of an all-stock investment allocation rule is greater than that from any of the more conservative strategies. Higher risk aversion or lower expected returns on stocks raise the expected utility of following lifecycle strategies or other strategies that reduce equity exposure throughout the lifetime.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Lifecycle Strategies for Target Date Retirement Funds by : Anup K. Basu
Download or read book Dynamic Lifecycle Strategies for Target Date Retirement Funds written by Anup K. Basu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lifecycle funds offered to retirement plan participants gradually reduce their exposure to stocks as they approach the target date of retirement. We show that such deterministic switching rules produce inferior wealth outcomes for the investor compared to strategies that dynamically alter the allocation between growth and conservative assets based on cumulative portfolio performance relative to a set target. The dynamic allocation strategies proposed in this paper exhibit almost stochastic dominance (ASD) over strategies that switch assets unidirectionally without consideration of portfolio performance.
Download or read book Lifecycle Investing written by Ian Ayres and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diversification provides a well-known way of getting something close to a free lunch: by spreading money across different kinds of investments, investors can earn the same return with lower risk (or a much higher return for the same amount of risk). This strategy, introduced nearly fifty years ago, led to such strategies as index funds. What if we were all missing out on another free lunch that’s right under our noses? InLifecycle Investing, Barry Nalebuff and Ian Ayres-two of the most innovative thinkers in business, law, and economics-have developed tools that will allow nearly any investor to diversify their portfolios over time. By using leveraging when young-a controversial idea that sparked hate mail when the authors first floated it in the pages ofForbes-investors of all stripes, from those just starting to plan to those getting ready to retire, can substantially reduce overall risk while improving their returns. InLifecycle Investing, readers will learn How to figure out the level of exposure and leverage that’s right foryou How the Lifecycle Investing strategy would have performed in the historical market Why it will work even if everyone does it Whennotto adopt the Lifecycle Investing strategy Clearly written and backed by rigorous research,Lifecycle Investingpresents a simple but radical idea that will shake up how we think about retirement investing even as it provides a healthier nest egg in a nicely feathered nest.
Book Synopsis The Portfolio Size Effect and Lifecycle Asset Allocation Funds by : Wade D. Pfau
Download or read book The Portfolio Size Effect and Lifecycle Asset Allocation Funds written by Wade D. Pfau and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basu and Drew (in the JPM Spring 2009 issue) argue that lifecycle asset allocation strategies are counterproductive to the retirement savings goals of typical individual investors. Because of the portfolio size effect, most portfolio growth will occur in the years just before retirement when lifecycle funds have already switched to a more conservative asset allocation. In this article, we use the same methodology as Basu and Drew, but we do not share their conclusion that the portfolio size effect soundly overturns the justification for the lifecycle asset allocation strategy. While strategies that maintain a large allocation to stocks do provide many attractive features, we aim to demonstrate that a case for supporting a lifecycle strategy can still be made with modest assumptions for risk aversion and diminishing utility from wealth. Our differing conclusion results from four factors: (1) we compare the interactions between different strategies; (2) we consider a more realistic example for the lifecycle asset allocation strategy; (3) we examine the results for 17 countries; and (4) we provide an expected utility framework to compare different strategies. We find that with a very reasonable degree of risk aversion, investors have reason to prefer the lifecycle strategy in spite of the portfolio size effect.
Book Synopsis Developments in the Economics of Aging by : David A. Wise
Download or read book Developments in the Economics of Aging written by David A. Wise and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-08-01 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of Americans eligible to receive Social Security benefits will increase from forty-five million to nearly eighty million in the next twenty years. Retirement systems must therefore adapt to meet the demands of the largest aging population in our nation’s history. In Developments in the Economics of Aging, David A. Wise and a distinguished group of analysts examine the economic issues that will confront policy makers as they seek to design policies to protect the economic and physical health of these older Americans. The volume looks at such topics as factors influencing work and retirement decisions at older ages, changes in life satisfaction associated with retirement, and the shift in responsibility for managing retirement assets from professional money managers of traditional pension plans to individual account holders of 401(k)s. Developments in the Economics of Aging also addresses the complicated relationship between health and economic status, including why health behaviors vary across populations and how socioeconomic measures correlate with health outcomes.
Book Synopsis The Truth About Increasing Your Wealth with a 401(k) by : Steve Wiesman
Download or read book The Truth About Increasing Your Wealth with a 401(k) written by Steve Wiesman and published by FT Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All you need to know about every IRA, every 401(k) ... even HSAs, and more! · The truth about getting the most benefits at the lowest cost · The truth about avoiding the pitfalls that can kill your retirement · The truth about choosing the best strategies for you-- and your kids The Truth About Protecting Your IRAs and 401(k)s arms you with the up-to-the-minute knowledge you need to build your retirement income, as you reduce your costs, taxes, and risks! Consumer finance expert and nationally syndicated radio host Steve Weisman offers 48 quick, bite-size, just-the-facts information about every type of tax-advantaged retirement investments: self-directed, stretch, SIMPLE, SEP, Roth, and spousal IRAs, 401(k)s, and more. You'll find up-to-the-minute guidance on avoiding pitfalls that can cost you a fortune ... choosing the right retirement strategies for both you and your heirs ... planning retirement investments when you're a married or unmarried couple ... widening your 401(k) investment options ... and much more. Like every book in The Truth About Series, this book distills all the essential knowledge you need on a topic ... presents it clearly, simply, and quickly, with an "a-ha!" on every page ... and shows exactly how to put it to work in your daily life. Easy to read, easy to use, it's all you need to gain retirement security--and protect it for the rest of your life!
Book Synopsis Life-Cycle Funds by : Luis M. Viceira
Download or read book Life-Cycle Funds written by Luis M. Viceira and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews recent advances in academic models of asset allocation for long-term investors, and explores their implications for the design of investment products that help investors save for retirement, particularly life-cycle funds and life-style (or balanced) funds. The paper argues that modern portfolio theory provides scientific foundation for the quot;risk-basedquot; asset allocation strategies and the quot;age-basedquot; asset allocation strategies that characterize life-style and life-cycle funds. Risk-based allocation strategies can be optimal in an environment where investors face real interest rate (or reinvestment risk), while human wealth considerations give rise to horizon effects in asset allocation. However, this theory also makes a number of suggestions about how life-style and life-cycle funds should be structured, and shows for which types of investors these funds are appropriate investment choices. Thus, modern portfolio theory provides only qualified support for these funds. Nevertheless, the paper argues that properly designed life-cycle funds are better default investment choices than money market funds in defined-contribution pension plans. The paper also argues for the creation of life-cycle funds that allow for heterogeneity in risk tolerance, and for the creation of life-cycle funds specific to defined-contribution plans that can better account for the correlation between human capital and stock returns. It also suggests that investors who expect to receive Social Security benefits and pension income after retirement should choose a target retirement date for their funds based on their life-expectancy, not their expected retirement date.
Book Synopsis Asset Allocation in Retirement by : Osei Wiafe
Download or read book Asset Allocation in Retirement written by Osei Wiafe and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We compare the performance of the commonly nominated default retirement investment option, the lifecycle fund, to alternative investment strategies during retirees' decumulation phase. Under different shortfall risk measures, we find balanced portfolios with constant exposure to equities, equity dominated portfolios as well as 'reverse lifecycle' portfolios that increase exposures to equities over time to consistently outperform the conventional lifecycle portfolio. While an increasing equity glidepath improves the performance of an investment strategy, the starting asset allocations are equally important. Using a utility-of-terminal wealth approach which allows for loss aversion as discussed in prospect theory by Kahneman and Tversky (1979), we find the Growth portfolio to dominate the alternative strategies at low and moderate thresholds. With increasing wealth threshold levels, a strategy with all equity allocations becomes dominant. The lifecycle portfolio is dominated by the 'reverse lifecycle' portfolio at all threshold levels.
Book Synopsis The Retirement Revolution by : Dan L. Flores
Download or read book The Retirement Revolution written by Dan L. Flores and published by Iuniverse Star. This book was released on 2004-01 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Retirement Revolution is an invaluable resource for anyone who is retiring, losing a job or investing retirement assets. Dan Flores brings over twenty years of experience guiding clients' investments to this in-depth look at the needs of individuals receiving a lump-sum distribution from a qualified retirement plan. In clear and easy-to-understand language, Flores analyzes the lump-sum alternatives and investment strategies necessary to become an informed investor, including: The rules and regulations of lump-sum distributions and IRA rollovers. The penalties and pitfalls of early retirement and how to avoid them. The differences between asset allocation and diversification. How to build an investment portfolio blueprint and monitor accounts. Understanding the importance of product selection: the advantages and disadvantages of individual securities, money managers, and packaged products such as mutual funds, index funds, unit trusts, and exchange traded funds. Strategies for taking income out of retirement plans. The Retirement Revolution is an especially useful resource for benefits and human resource directors to share with employees.
Book Synopsis Tax-Deferred Investing by : Cory C. Grant
Download or read book Tax-Deferred Investing written by Cory C. Grant and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2000-06-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Take control of your most important retirement assets Investment advisors, financial planners, accountants, and attorneys are always hungry for expert advice and guidance on the best ways to help their clients make the most of their investments during their work lives and successfully manage their payouts when they retire. Written by two of today's most visible retirement planning experts, Tax-Deferred Investing meets that need. Cory Grant and Andrew Westhem describe proven wealth-building and payout strategies for both employers and employees. A complete guide to plan selection, investment, asset allocation, and distribution strategies Includes estate planning techniques for keeping the wealth in a family from one generation to the next Cory C. Grant (La Jolla, CA) is Executive Vice President of Westhem Group/Wealth Planning, Inc., and a specialist on advanced estate, retirement, and business planning strategies. Andrew Westhem (La Jolla, CA) is President of Westhem Group/Wealth Planning, Inc., focusing on advanced estate, retirement, and business planning strategies.
Book Synopsis Lifecycle Funds and Wealth Accumulation for Retirement by : Wade D. Pfau
Download or read book Lifecycle Funds and Wealth Accumulation for Retirement written by Wade D. Pfau and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investing Retirement Wealth by : John Y. Campbell
Download or read book Investing Retirement Wealth written by John Y. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If household portfolios are constrained by borrowing and short-sales restrictions asset markets, then alternative retirement savings systems may affect household welfare by relaxing these constraints. This paper uses a calibrated partial-equilibrium model of optimal life-cycle portfolio choice to explore the empirical relevance of these issues. In a benchmark case, we find ex-ante welfare gains equivalent to a 3.7% increase in consumption from the investment of half of retirement wealth in the equity market. The main channel through which these gains are realized is that the higher average return on equities permits a lower Social Security tax rate on younger households, which helps households smooth their consumption over the life cycle. There is a smaller welfare gain of 0.5% of consumption when Social Security tax rates are held constant. We also find that realistic heterogeneity of risk aversion and labor income risk can strongly affect optimal portfolio choice over the life cycle, which provides one argument for a privatized Social Security system with an element of personal portfolio choice
Book Synopsis Asset Allocation by : Craig Copeland
Download or read book Asset Allocation written by Craig Copeland and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As individuals accumulate assets for their retirement, one of the most important decisions - after the first necessity of saving money - is how the assets are invested. The distribution of the savings across stocks, bonds, money market accounts, savings accounts, and other investments is referred to as asset allocation; once money is saved, its allocation (how it is invested) determines how fast it will grow. Equities (stocks) have historically had higher rates of return, over time, than interest-earning investments such as bonds and money market accounts, leading to faster capital accumulation. Because of the critical importance of how retirement savings are invested, the Employee Benefit Research Institute (EBRI) has examined the asset allocation of 401(k) retirement savings plan participants in the past, most recently by using the EBRI/ICI 401(k) participant database. This article supplements that research with data from the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), conducted by the Federal Reserve, to study the asset allocation of family heads in both individual retirement accounts (IRAs) and 401(k)-type plans. (The Fed's SCF measures wealth at the family level, so its findings are presented as percentages of American families and/or family heads, rather than all individuals.)The PDF for the above title, published in the October 2000 issue of EBRI Notes, also contains the fulltext of another October 2000 EBRI Notes article abstracted on SSRN: quot;The Impact of Workers' Earnings Profiles on Individual Account Accumulation.quot.
Download or read book 7Twelve written by Craig L. Israelsen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-07-02 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proven way to put together a portfolio that enhances performance and reduces risk Professor Craig Israelsen of Brigham Young University is an important voice in the area of asset allocation. The reason? He keeps things simple. Now, in 7Twelve, he shows you how to do the same, and demonstrates how his approach to investing can help you grow your money as well as protect it. 7Twelve outlines a multi-asset balanced portfolio that is a logical starting point when assembling a portfolio-either as the blueprint for the entire portfolio or as a significant building block. Page by page, he will show you how to create a balanced portfolio utilizing multiple asset classes to enhance performance and reduce risk. Discusses how the 7Twelve portfolio includes seven core asset classes and utilizes twelve specific mutual funds or exchange traded funds Details the tax efficiency of this specific investment approach Shows you how to use the 7Twelve portfolio as a pre-retirement accumulation portfolio or a post-retirement distribution portfolio If you want to build a well-balanced, multi-asset portfolio, 7Twelve is the book for you.
Book Synopsis Evaluating the Financial Performance of Pension Funds by : Richard Hinz
Download or read book Evaluating the Financial Performance of Pension Funds written by Richard Hinz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries around the world are increasingly relying on individual pension savings accounts to provide income in old age for their citizens. Although these funds have now been in place for several decades, their performance is usually measured using methods that are not meaningful in relation to this long-term objective. The recent global financial crisis has highlighted the need to develop better performance evaluation methods that are consistent with the retirement income objective of pension funds. Compiling research derived from a partnership among the World Bank, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and three private partners, 'Evaluating the Financial Performance of Pension Funds' discusses the theoretical basis and key implementation issues related to the design of performance benchmarks based on life-cycle savings and investment principles. The book begins with an evaluation of the financial performance of funded pension systems using the standard mean variance framework. It then provides a discussion of the limitations inherent to applying these methods to pension funds and outlines the many other issues that should be addressed in developing more useful and meaningful performance measures through the formulation of pension-specific benchmark portfolios. Practical implementation issues are addressed through empirical examples of how such benchmarks could be developed. The book concludes with commentary and observations from several noted pension experts about the need for a new approach to performance measurement and the impact of the recent global financial crisis on pension funds.
Book Synopsis Overcoming the Saving Slump by : Annamaria Lusardi
Download or read book Overcoming the Saving Slump written by Annamaria Lusardi and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The great majority of working Americans are unprepared to face the difficult task of planning for retirement. In fact, the personal savings rate has been holding steady at zero for several years, down from 8 percent in the mid-1980s. Overcoming the Saving Slump explores the many challenges facing workers in the transition from a traditional defined benefit pension system to one that requires more individual responsibility, analyzing the considerable impediments to saving and evaluating financial literacy programs devised by employers and the government. Mapping the changing landscape of pensions and the rise of defined contribution plans, Annamaria Lusardi and others investigate new methods for stimulating saving and promoting financial education drawing on the experience of the United States as well as countries that have privatized their welfare systems, including Sweden and Chile. This timely volume pinpoints where human resources departments, the financial industry, and government officials have succeeded—or failed—in bridging the way to a new retirement system. As the workforce ages and more pensions disappear each second, Lusardi’s findings will be invaluable for economists and anyone facing retirement.
Book Synopsis Retirement Savings Portfolio Management by : Jeff Dominitz
Download or read book Retirement Savings Portfolio Management written by Jeff Dominitz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We assess the welfare implications of alternative retirement plan investment options given that households may not invest according to optimal portfolio choice theory but may instead use simple decision rules. We simulate the performance of lifestyle, lifecycle, and other simple strategies for allocating retirement savings. We find that if investors use simple rules of thumb to choose investments, then the impact of these strategies on welfare depend to a large extent on the choice set they are offered. If larger choice sets cause them to undertake more risk, then risk tolerant individuals may tend to be made better off. If larger choice sets cause them to reduce suboptimally low levels of portfolio risk, then the increased choice set may make them substantially worse off. The welfare effects of plan designs that induce lifecycle investing, which tends to be conservative over the lifetime, therefore depend crucially on the counterfactual portfolio composition, as well as preferences and non-retirement wealth.
