Levodopa Treatment and Motor Complications in Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (551 download)

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Book Synopsis Levodopa Treatment and Motor Complications in Parkinson's Disease by :

Download or read book Levodopa Treatment and Motor Complications in Parkinson's Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199684243
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease by : K. Ray Chaudhuri

Download or read book Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease written by K. Ray Chaudhuri and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are known to suffer from motor symptoms of the disease, but they also experience non-motor symptoms (NMS) that are often present before diagnosis or that inevitably emerge with disease progression. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease have been extensively researched, and effective clinical tools for their assessment and treatment have been developed and are readily available. In contrast, researchers have only recently begun to focus on the NMS of Parkinson's Disease, which are poorly recognized and inadequately treated by clinicians. The NMS of PD have a significant impact on patient quality of life and mortality and include neuropsychiatric, sleep-related, autonomic, gastrointestinal, and sensory symptoms. While some NMS can be improved with currently available treatments, others may be more refractory and will require research into novel (non-dopaminergic) drug therapies for the future. Edited by members of the UK Parkinson's Disease Non-Motor Group (PD-NMG) and with contributions from international experts, this new edition summarizes the current understanding of NMS symptoms in Parkinson's disease and points the way towards future research.

Levodopa pharmacokinetics -from stomach to brain

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9176855570
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (768 download)

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Book Synopsis Levodopa pharmacokinetics -from stomach to brain by : Maria Nord

Download or read book Levodopa pharmacokinetics -from stomach to brain written by Maria Nord and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-07 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders and it is caused by a loss of dopamine (DA) producing neurons in the basal ganglia in the brain. The PD patient suffers from motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity and treatment with levodopa (LD), the precursor of DA, has positive effects on these symptoms. Several factors affect the availability of orally given LD. Gastric emptying (GE) is one factor and it has been shown to be delayed in PD patients resulting in impaired levodopa uptake. Different enzymes metabolize LD on its way from the gut to the brain resulting in less LD available in the brain and more side effects from the metabolites. By adding dopa decarboxylase inhibitors (carbidopa or benserazide) or COMT-inhibitors (e.g. entacapone) the bioavailability of LD increases significantly and more LD can pass the blood-brain-barrier and be converted to DA in the brain. It has been considered of importance to avoid high levodopa peaks in the brain because this seems to induce changes in postsynaptic dopaminergic neurons causing disabling motor complications in PD patients. More continuously given LD, e.g. duodenal or intravenous (IV) infusions, has been shown to improve these motor complications. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN DBS) has also been proven to improve motor complications and to make it possible to reduce the LD dosage in PD patients. In this doctoral thesis the main purpose is to study the pharmacokinetics of LD in patients with PD and motor complications; in blood and subcutaneous tissue and study the effect of GE and PD stage on LD uptake and the effect of continuously given LD (CDS) on LD uptake and GE; in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) when adding the peripheral enzyme inhibitors entacapone and carbidopa to LD infusion IV; in brain during STN DBSand during oral or IV LD treatment. To conclude, LD uptake is more favorable in PD patients with less severe disease and GE is delayed in PD patients. No obvious relation between LD uptake and GE or between GE and PD stage is seen and CDS decreases the LD levels. Entacapone increases the maximal concentration of LD in blood and CSF. This is more evident with additional carbidopa and important to consider in avoiding high LD peaks in brain during PD treatment. LD in brain increases during both oral and IV LD treatment and the DA levels follows LD well indicating that PD patients still have capacity to metabolize LD to DA despite probable pronounced nigral degeneration. STN DBS seems to increase putaminal DA levels and together with IV LD treatment also increases LD in brain possibly explaining why it is possible to decrease LD medication after STN DBS surgery. Parkinsons sjukdom (PS) är en av de vanligaste s.k. neurodegenerativasjukdomarna och orsakas av förlust av dopamin(DA)producerande nervceller i hjärnan. Detta orsakar motoriska symptom såsom skakningar, stelhet och förlångsammade rörelser. Levodopa (LD) är ett ämne, som kan omvandlas till DA i hjärnan och ge symptomlindring och det är oftast förstahandsval vid behandling av patienter med PS. Flera faktorer påverkar tillgängligheten av LD, bl.a. den hastighet som magsäcken tömmer sig med och denna verkar förlångsammad hos personer med PS vilket ger sämre tillgänglighet av LD i blodet och därmed i hjärnan. LD bryts även ner i hög grad av olika enzym ute i kroppen vilket leder till mindre mängd LD som hamnar i hjärnan och till fler nedbrytningsprodukter som orsakar biverkningar. Tillägg av enzymhämmare leder till ökad mängd LD som kan nå hjärnan och omvandlas till DA. Det anses viktigt att undvika höga toppar av LD i hjärnan då dessa verkar bidra till utvecklandet av besvärliga motoriska komplikationer hos patienter med PS. Om LD ges mer kontinuerligt, exempelvis som en kontinuerlig infusion in i tarmen eller i blodet, så minskar dessa motoriska komplikationer. Inopererande av stimulatorer i vissa delar av hjärnan (DBS) har också visat sig minska dessa motoriska komplikationer och även resultera i att man kan minska LD-dosen. Huvudsyftet med den här avhandlingen är att studera LD hos patienter med PS; i blod och fettvävnad då LD ges i tablettform och se om det finns något samband med LD-upptag och hastigheten på magsäckstömningen (MT) och om kontinuerligt given LD påverkar LD-upptaget eller MT; i blod och i ryggmärgsvätska då enzymhämmarna entakapon och karbidopa tillsätts LD; i hjärna vid behandling med DBS och då LD ges både som tablett och som infusion i blodet. Sammanfattningsvis kan vi se att LD-upptaget är mer gynnsamt hos patienter med PS i tidigare skede av sjukdomens komplikationsfas. MT är förlångsammad hos patienter med PS och det är inget tydligt samband mellan LD-upptag och MT eller mellan MT och sjukdomsgrad. Kontinuerligt given LD minskar LDnivåerna. Enzymhämmaren entakapon ökar den maximala koncentrationen av LD i blod och ryggmärgsvätska och effekten är mer tydlig vid tillägg av karbidopa vilket är viktigt att ta i beaktande vid behandling av PS för att undvika höga toppar av LD i hjärnan. LD ökar i hjärnan då man behandlar med LD i tablettform och som infusion i blodet och DA-nivåerna i hjärnan följer LD väl vilket visar på att patienter med PS fortfarande kan omvandla LD till DA trots trolig uttalad brist av de DA-producerande nervcellerna i hjärnan. DBS verkar öka DA i vissa områden i hjärnan och tillsammans med LD-infusion i blodet verkar det även öka LD i hjärnan och det kan förklara varför man kan sänka LDdosen efter DBS-operation.

Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1447165039
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease by : Susan H. Fox

Download or read book Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease written by Susan H. Fox and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-08 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide a single reference source on levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) from ‘bench to bedside’. Initial chapters review the clinical features and phenomenology of LID with video examples; epidemiology and genetic risk factors for LID are covered as a background to understanding risk factors for developing LID. The following chapters cover the latest preclinical studies aiming to understand the pathophysiology of LID at the cellular, neurochemical, neurophysiological and circuitry level with detailed discussion of mechanisms and future directions to take the field forward; clinical studies from phase II to phase IV; on going RCTs in LID and evidence-based medicine reviews of treatment options. Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson’s Disease is aimed at an international audience of movement disorder neurologists; neuroscientists; trainees and graduate and post-graduate students.

The Scientific Basis for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Parthenon Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Scientific Basis for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease by : Charles Warren Olanow

Download or read book The Scientific Basis for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease written by Charles Warren Olanow and published by Parthenon Publishing. This book was released on 1992 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An international review of recent methods of treating Parkinson's disease, and the scientific basis on which these methods are based. At the same time, the book covers preventative and grafting treatment.

An Essay on the Shaking Palsy

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis An Essay on the Shaking Palsy by : James Parkinson

Download or read book An Essay on the Shaking Palsy written by James Parkinson and published by . This book was released on 1817 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Royal College of Physicians
ISBN 13 : 1860162835
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Parkinson's Disease by : National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (Great Britain)

Download or read book Parkinson's Disease written by National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions (Great Britain) and published by Royal College of Physicians. This book was released on 2006 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Etiology of Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824788230
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (882 download)

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Book Synopsis Etiology of Parkinson's Disease by : Jonas H. Ellenberg

Download or read book Etiology of Parkinson's Disease written by Jonas H. Ellenberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-03-01 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference provides a detailed overview of current concepts regarding the cause of Parkinson's disease-emphasizing the issues involved in the design, implementation, and analysis of epidemiological studies of parkinsonism.

The New Parkinson's Disease Treatment Book

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190231882
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Parkinson's Disease Treatment Book by : J. Eric Ahlskog, PhD, MD

Download or read book The New Parkinson's Disease Treatment Book written by J. Eric Ahlskog, PhD, MD and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-03 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental guide to the most effective treatments for Parkinson's Disease, from a Mayo Clinic doctor with thirty years of clinical and research experience. In this second edition follow-up to the extremely successful first edition, Dr. Ahlskog draws on thirty years of clinical experience to present the definitive guide to dealing with all aspects of Parkinson's Disease, from treatment options and side effects to the impact of the disease on caregivers and family. Dr. Ahlskog's goal is to educate patients so that they can better team up with their doctors to do battle with the disease, streamlining the decision-making process and enhancing their treatment. To do this, Dr. Ahlskog offers a gold mine of information, distilled from his years of experience treating people with Parkinson's at the Mayo Clinic. In addition to providing a comprehensive account of Parkinson's medications, this book also examines additional aspects of treatment, such as the role of nutrition, exercise, and physical therapy. Although many commendable texts have been written on the subject of Parkinson's Disease, their discussions of treatment have not been in depth. Dr. Ahlskog sifts through aspects of the disease in order to give the reader a comprehensive sense of Parkinson's and the best available treatment options. With a broader understanding of the disease and the available options, patients are able to make more informed choices, and doctors are able to provide more tailored care. This book delivers hopeful, helpful, and extensive information to all parties concerned: patients, caregivers, and doctors. The ultimate guide to symptoms and treatment, this thoroughly updated second edition is the first place patients should turn for reliable, easy-to-grasp information on Parkinson's Disease.

Hepatotoxicity

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Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 9780781719520
Total Pages : 848 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Hepatotoxicity by : Hyman J. Zimmerman

Download or read book Hepatotoxicity written by Hyman J. Zimmerman and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1999 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the foremost authority in the field, this volume is a comprehensive review of the multifaceted phenomenon of hepatotoxicity. Dr. Zimmerman examines the interface between chemicals and the liver; the latest research in experimental hepatotoxicology; the hepatotoxic risks of household, industrial, and environmental chemicals; and the adverse effects of drugs on the liver. This thoroughly revised, updated Second Edition features a greatly expanded section on the wide variety of drugs that can cause liver injury. For quick reference, an appendix lists these medications and their associated hepatic injuries. Also included are in-depth discussions of drug metabolism and factors affecting susceptibility to liver injury.

Rehabilitation in Movement Disorders

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110701400X
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Rehabilitation in Movement Disorders by : Robert Iansek

Download or read book Rehabilitation in Movement Disorders written by Robert Iansek and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-23 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a broad overview of current rehabilitation approaches, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary management and focussing on deliverable outcomes.

Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080489494
Total Pages : 795 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders by : G. Ali Qureshi

Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by G. Ali Qureshi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance in pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis that leads to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. Brain cells are continuously exposed to reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative metabolism, and in certain pathological conditions defense mechanisms against oxygen radicals may be weakened and/or overwhelmed. DNA is a potential target for oxidative damage, and genomic damage can contribute to neuropathogenesis. It is important therefore to identify tools for the quantitative analysis of DNA damage in models on neurological disorders. This book presents detailed information on various neurodegenerative disorders and their connection with oxidative stress. This information will provide clinicians with directions to treat these disorders with appropriate therapy and is also of vital importance for the drug industries for the design of new drugs for treatment of degenerative disorders. * Contains the latest information on the subject of neurodegenerative disorders* Reflects on various factors involved in degeneration and gives suggestions for how to tackle these problems

Fast Facts: Treatment Optimization of Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1912776243
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (127 download)

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Book Synopsis Fast Facts: Treatment Optimization of Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson's Disease by : Fabrizio Stocchi

Download or read book Fast Facts: Treatment Optimization of Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson's Disease written by Fabrizio Stocchi and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although dopaminergic medication is the most effective treatment for patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), its long-term use is associated with debilitating motor fluctuations. Patients may not spontaneously seek assistance when fluctuations develop, so strategies need to be put in place to identify and alleviate motor dysfunction. This concise resource will increase readers’ awareness of: • the different types of motor fluctuation, why they occur and how to recognize them • the drugs that can be added to levodopa to reduce fluctuations • advanced and emerging therapies that will help to improve outcomes. No two patients with PD are alike in their disease progression or response to treatment. This 'Fast Facts' title provides the information healthcare professionals need to provide effective individualized care that will improve their patients’ quality of life.

Principles of Treatment in Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0750654287
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Treatment in Parkinson's Disease by : Anthony Henry Vernon Schapira

Download or read book Principles of Treatment in Parkinson's Disease written by Anthony Henry Vernon Schapira and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This succinct volume offers an up-to-date review and comparison of the treatment options available for Parkinson's disease, and provides evidence-based recommendations on appropriate treatments for specific cases. Offers expert guidance on the best treatment options from authorities in the field. Delivers expert guidance on drug therapies, physical therapies, and surgical interventions. Discusses conditions such as depression ? hallucinations ? cognition ? and sleep disorders. Explores neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease. Provides insights into future therapies.

Parkinson's Disease: Current and Future Therapeutics and Clinical Trials

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107053862
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Parkinson's Disease: Current and Future Therapeutics and Clinical Trials by : Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez

Download or read book Parkinson's Disease: Current and Future Therapeutics and Clinical Trials written by Néstor Gálvez-Jiménez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book emphasizes treatment options for Parkinson's disease, providing the necessary clinical and scientific basis for the foundations of solid therapeutics.

Drug-Induced Liver Disease

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203909127
Total Pages : 790 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Drug-Induced Liver Disease by : Neil Kaplowitz

Download or read book Drug-Induced Liver Disease written by Neil Kaplowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-10-16 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring more than 4100 references, Drug-Induced Liver Disease will be an invaluable reference for gastroenterologists, hepatologists, family physicians, internists, pathologists, pharmacists, pharmacologists, and clinical toxicologists, and graduate and medical school students in these disciplines.

Clinical Trials In Parkinson's Disease

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Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781071609118
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Trials In Parkinson's Disease by : Santiago Perez-Lloret

Download or read book Clinical Trials In Parkinson's Disease written by Santiago Perez-Lloret and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume looks at major clinical trials for motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and covers important aspects, including trial design, sample selection, and outcome selection. Chapters in this book discuss topics such as toxin-based rodent or genetic models of PD; clinical trials for motor symptoms, L-DOPA related motor complications, and gait disorders; clinical trials for mood disorders, troubled sleep, autonomic dysfunction; and clinical trials for disease modifying therapies. In the Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to get successful results in your laboratory or research center. Cutting-edge and authoritative, Clinical Trials in Parkinson’s Disease is a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers who want to enhance their interpretation of results from clinical trials and to design their own high-quality trials.