Leaving Morality Where It Is

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Leaving Morality where it is

Author : Daniel Patrone
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 9780739109731
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Leaving Morality where it is by : Daniel Patrone

Download or read book Leaving Morality where it is written by Daniel Patrone and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2005 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Debates in moral theory have reached something of a deadlock due entirely to the concept of "contingency." Contingencies are features of the world, some outside ourselves, and some a part of ourselves, over which we lack control. For philosophers who describe the role and value of morality in a secular world, contingency threatens to undermine both the possibility of achieving happiness and the preconditions thought necessary for moral responsibility. In light of all this, there remains persistent debate amongst two especially established and pronounced positions. Kantians have long criticized Aristotelian "eudaimonism" for its failure to secure human happiness. Eudaimonists have, on the other hand, long criticized Kantianism for its inability to give a coherent account of moral responsibility and judgment. The debate surrounding contingency has therefore emerged as something of a litmus test for the acceptability of a moral theory. Both Kantians and Eudaimonists agree that any attempt to deal with the problems of contingency will force an abandonment of something important in our actual moral commitments and, as a result, the problems of contingency cannot, as Bernard Williams has written, "leave morality where it was." In this original new work Daniel Patrone makes clear the history and implications of this debate. Emerging from out of the deadlock between the Kantian and the Eudaimonist position is the particularist position. Leaving Morality Where It Is describes and thinks through every facet of this debate. It is an indispensable work for philosophers in general and ethicists (of every stripe) in particular.

Morality

Author : Jonathan Sacks
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 1541675320
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (416 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality by : Jonathan Sacks

Download or read book Morality written by Jonathan Sacks and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A distinguished religious leader's stirring case for reconstructing a shared framework of virtues and values. With liberal democracy embattled, public discourse grown toxic, family life breaking down, and drug abuse and depression on the rise, many fear what the future holds. In Morality, respected faith leader and public intellectual Jonathan Sacks traces today's crisis to our loss of a strong, shared moral code and our elevation of self-interest over the common good. We have outsourced morality to the market and the state, but neither is capable of showing us how to live. Sacks leads readers from ancient Greece to the Enlightenment to the present day to show that there is no liberty without morality and no freedom without responsibility, arguing that we all must play our part in rebuilding a common moral foundation. A major work of moral philosophy, Morality is an inspiring vision of a world in which we can all find our place and face the future without fear.

Justice for Hedgehogs

Author : Ronald Dworkin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674071964
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice for Hedgehogs by : Ronald Dworkin

Download or read book Justice for Hedgehogs written by Ronald Dworkin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fox knows many things, the Greeks said, but the hedgehog knows one big thing. In his most comprehensive work, Ronald Dworkin argues that value in all its forms is one big thing: that what truth is, life means, morality requires, and justice demands are different aspects of the same large question. He develops original theories on a great variety of issues very rarely considered in the same book: moral skepticism, literary, artistic, and historical interpretation, free will, ancient moral theory, being good and living well, liberty, equality, and law among many other topics. What we think about any one of these must stand up, eventually, to any argument we find compelling about the rest. Skepticism in all its forms—philosophical, cynical, or post-modern—threatens that unity. The Galilean revolution once made the theological world of value safe for science. But the new republic gradually became a new empire: the modern philosophers inflated the methods of physics into a totalitarian theory of everything. They invaded and occupied all the honorifics—reality, truth, fact, ground, meaning, knowledge, and being—and dictated the terms on which other bodies of thought might aspire to them, and skepticism has been the inevitable result. We need a new revolution. We must make the world of science safe for value.

Morality: A Natural History

Author : Roger V. Moseley
Publisher : FriesenPress
ISBN 13 : 152553730X
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality: A Natural History by : Roger V. Moseley

Download or read book Morality: A Natural History written by Roger V. Moseley and published by FriesenPress. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is morality and what is the source of our moral ideas? Philosophers have explored these questions for centuries, suggesting that both emotion and reason play roles but failing to explain how and why Homo sapiens developed these ideas. Author Roger Moseley argues that evolutionary forces that optimize human welfare provide the missing explanation. Morality: A Natural History presents a multi-disciplinary analysis of the topic and reveals a common thread among the seemingly diverse fields of religion, neuroscience, experimental psychology and game theory, child development, evolution and animal behavior, and anthropology and sociology. When humans first appeared, a simple self-interested survival morality sufficed. As societies became more complex, however, rules of behavior became necessary to limit conflict and promote cooperation. The brain evolved, producing language that allowed the articulation of moral ideas which were codified and enforced by religion and social forces. No species lasts forever, and it is at our peril today that we neglect those evolved moral values of cooperation, altruism, truthfulness, and empathy. Rooted in scientific evidence and interspersed with personal anecdotes and humorous observations, Moseley provides a unique perspective on the natural history of morality – how it appeared, evolved, and continues to evolve today. Morality: A Natural History is essential reading for academics and laypersons alike who seek to understand the origin and essence of human morality.

Morality

Author : Bernard Williams
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521457293
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (572 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality by : Bernard Williams

Download or read book Morality written by Bernard Williams and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-07-30 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bernard Williams's remarkable essay on morality confronts the problems of writing moral philosophy, and offers a stimulating alternative to more systematic accounts that seem nevertheless to have left all the important issues somewhere off the page. Williams explains, analyzes and distinguishes a number of key positions, from the purely amoral to notions of subjective or relative morality, testing their coherence before going on to explore the nature of "goodness" in relation to responsibilities and choice, roles, standards, and human nature.

What It Means to Be Moral

Author : Phil Zuckerman
Publisher : Catapult
ISBN 13 : 1640094245
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis What It Means to Be Moral by : Phil Zuckerman

Download or read book What It Means to Be Moral written by Phil Zuckerman and published by Catapult. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A thoughtful perspective on humans' capacity for moral behavior.” —Kirkus Reviews “A comprehensive introduction to religious skepticism.” —Publishers Weekly In What It Means to Be Moral: Why Religion Is Not Necessary for Living an Ethical Life, Phil Zuckerman argues that morality does not come from God. Rather, it comes from us: our brains, our evolutionary past, our ongoing cultural development, our social experiences, and our ability to reason, reflect, and be sensitive to the suffering of others. By deconstructing religious arguments for God–based morality and guiding readers through the premises and promises of secular morality, Zuckerman argues that the major challenges facing the world today—from global warming and growing inequality to religious support for unethical political policies to gun violence and terrorism—are best approached from a nonreligious ethical framework. In short, we need to look to our fellow humans and within ourselves for moral progress and ethical action. “In this brilliant, provocative, and timely book, Phil Zuckerman breaks down the myth that our morality comes from religion—compellingly making the case that when it comes to the biggest challenges we face today, a secular approach is the only truly moral one.” —Ali A. Rizvi, author of The Atheist Muslim

The Theory of Morality

Author : Alan Donagan
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022622841X
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis The Theory of Morality by : Alan Donagan

Download or read book The Theory of Morality written by Alan Donagan and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-12-10 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Let us . . . nominate this the most important theoretical work on ethical or moral theory since John Rawls's Theory of Justice. If you have philosophical inclinations and want a good workout, this conscientious scrutiny of moral assumptions and expressions will be most rewarding. Donagan explores ways of acting in the Hebrew-Christian context, examines them in the light of natural law and rational theories, and proposes that formal patterns for conduct can emerge. All this is tightly reasoned, the argument is packed, but the language is clear."—Christian Century "The man value of this book seems to me to be that it shows the force of the Hebrew-Christian moral tradition in the hands of a creative philosopher. Throughout the book, one cannot but feel that a serious philosopher is trying to come to terms with his religious-moral background and to defend it against the prevailing secular utilitarian position which seems to dominate academic philosophy."—Bernard Gert, Journal of Medicine and Philosophy

On What Matters

Author : Derek Parfit
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191084379
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis On What Matters by : Derek Parfit

Download or read book On What Matters written by Derek Parfit and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Parfit presents the third volume of On What Matters, his landmark work of moral philosophy. Parfit develops further his influential treatment of reasons, normativity, the meaning of moral discourse, and the status of morality. He engages with his critics, and shows the way to resolution of their differences. This volume is partly about what it is for things to matter, in the sense that we all have reasons to care about these things. Much of the book discusses three of the main kinds of meta-ethical theory: Normative Naturalism, Quasi-Realist Expressivism, and Non-Metaphysical Non-Naturalism, which Derek Parfit now calls Non-Realist Cognitivism. This third theory claims that, if we use the word 'reality' in an ontologically weighty sense, irreducibly normative truths have no mysterious or incredible ontological implications. If instead we use 'reality' in a wide sense, according to which all truths are truths about reality, this theory claims that some non-empirically discoverable truths-such as logical, mathematical, modal, and some normative truths-raise no difficult ontological questions. Parfit discusses these theories partly by commenting on the views of some of the contributors to Peter Singer's collection Does Anything Really Matter? Parfit on Objectivity. Though Peter Railton is a Naturalist, he has widened his view by accepting some further claims, and he has suggested that this wider version of Naturalism could be combined with Non-Realist Cognitivism. Parfit argues that Railton is right, since these theories no longer deeply disagree. Though Allan Gibbard is a Quasi-Realist Expressivist, he has suggested that the best version of his view could be combined with Non-Realist Cognitivism. Parfit argues that Gibbard is right, since Gibbard and he now accept the other's main meta-ethical claim. It is rare for three such different philosophical theories to be able to be widened in ways that resolve their deepest disagreements. This happy convergence supports the view that these meta-ethical theories are true. Parfit also discusses the views of several other philosophers, and some other meta-ethical and normative questions.

Morality Without Foundations

Author : Mark Timmons
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195176545
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality Without Foundations by : Mark Timmons

Download or read book Morality Without Foundations written by Mark Timmons and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-18 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timmons defends an original metaethical view that exploits certain contextualist themes in philosophy of language and epistemology. He advances a view that employs semantic contextualism when engaging in moral discourse.

Mountains Beyond Mountains

Author : Tracy Kidder
Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN 13 : 0812980557
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Mountains Beyond Mountains by : Tracy Kidder

Download or read book Mountains Beyond Mountains written by Tracy Kidder and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2009-08-25 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “[A] masterpiece . . . an astonishing book that will leave you questioning your own life and political views.”—USA Today “If any one person can be given credit for transforming the medical establishment’s thinking about health care for the destitute, it is Paul Farmer. . . . [Mountains Beyond Mountains] inspires, discomforts, and provokes.”—The New York Times (Best Books of the Year) In medical school, Paul Farmer found his life’s calling: to cure infectious diseases and to bring the lifesaving tools of modern medicine to those who need them most. Tracy Kidder’s magnificent account shows how one person can make a difference in solving global health problems through a clear-eyed understanding of the interaction of politics, wealth, social systems, and disease. Profound and powerful, Mountains Beyond Mountains takes us from Harvard to Haiti, Peru, Cuba, and Russia as Farmer changes people’s minds through his dedication to the philosophy that “the only real nation is humanity.” WINNER OF THE LETTRE ULYSSES AWARD FOR THE ART OF REPORTAGE This deluxe paperback edition includes a new Epilogue by the author

Morality and the Human Goods

Author : Alfonso Gomez-Lobo
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
ISBN 13 : 0878408851
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (784 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality and the Human Goods by : Alfonso Gomez-Lobo

Download or read book Morality and the Human Goods written by Alfonso Gomez-Lobo and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise and accessible introduction to natural law ethics, this book introduces readers to the mainstream tradition of Western moral philosophy. Building on philosophers from Plato through Aquinas to John Finnis, Alfonso Gómez-Lobo links morality to the protection of basic human goods--life, family, friendship, work and play, the experience of beauty, knowledge, and integrity--elements essential to a flourishing, happy human life. Gómez-Lobo begins with a discussion of Plato's Crito as an introduction to the practice of moral philosophy, showing that it requires that its participants treat each other as equals and offer rational arguments to persuade each other. He then puts forth a general principle for practical rationality: one should pursue what is good and avoid what is bad. The human goods form the basis for moral norms that provide a standard by which actions can be evaluated: do they support or harm the human goods? He argues that moral norms should be understood as a system of rules whose rationale is the protection and enhancement of human goods. A moral norm that does not enjoin the preservation or enhancement of a specific good is unjustifiable. Shifting to a case study approach, Gómez-Lobo applies these principles to a discussion of abortion and euthanasia. The book ends with a brief treatment of rival positions, including utilitarianism and libertarianism, and of conscience as our ultimate moral guide. Written as an introductory text for students of ethics and natural law, Morality and the Human Goods makes arguments consistent with Catholic teaching but is not based on theological considerations. The work falls squarely within the field of philosophical ethics and will be of interest to readers of any background.

The Evolution of Morality

Author : Richard Joyce
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 0262600722
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (626 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Morality by : Richard Joyce

Download or read book The Evolution of Morality written by Richard Joyce and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2007-08-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moral thinking pervades our practical lives, but where did this way of thinking come from, and what purpose does it serve? Is it to be explained by environmental pressures on our ancestors a million years ago, or is it a cultural invention of more recent origin? In The Evolution of Morality, Richard Joyce takes up these controversial questions, finding that the evidence supports an innate basis to human morality. As a moral philosopher, Joyce is interested in whether any implications follow from this hypothesis. Might the fact that the human brain has been biologically prepared by natural selection to engage in moral judgment serve in some sense to vindicate this way of thinking—staving off the threat of moral skepticism, or even undergirding some version of moral realism? Or if morality has an adaptive explanation in genetic terms—if it is, as Joyce writes, "just something that helped our ancestors make more babies"—might such an explanation actually undermine morality's central role in our lives? He carefully examines both the evolutionary "vindication of morality" and the evolutionary "debunking of morality," considering the skeptical view more seriously than have others who have treated the subject. Interdisciplinary and combining the latest results from the empirical sciences with philosophical discussion, The Evolution of Morality is one of the few books in this area written from the perspective of moral philosophy. Concise and without technical jargon, the arguments are rigorous but accessible to readers from different academic backgrounds. Joyce discusses complex issues in plain language while advocating subtle and sometimes radical views. The Evolution of Morality lays the philosophical foundations for further research into the biological understanding of human morality.

From Morality to Metaphysics

Author : Angus Ritchie
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199652511
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis From Morality to Metaphysics by : Angus Ritchie

Download or read book From Morality to Metaphysics written by Angus Ritchie and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-22 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angus Ritchie offers an argument for the existence of God, which is based on our most fundamental moral beliefs. He argues for the 'deliberative indispensability' of moral realism, and asserts that only theism can adequately explain our capacity for knowledge of objective moral truths.

Legislating Morality

Author : Norman L. Geisler
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1725254336
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (252 download)

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Book Synopsis Legislating Morality by : Norman L. Geisler

Download or read book Legislating Morality written by Norman L. Geisler and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2003-02-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's moral decline is not secret. An alarming number of moral and cultural problems have exploded in our country since 1960--a period when the standards of morality expressed in our laws and customs have been relaxed, abandoned, or judicially overruled. Conventional wisdom says laws cannot stem moral decline. Anyone who raises the prospect of legislation on the hot topics of our day - abortion, family issues, gay rights, euthanasia - encounters a host of objections: As long as I don't hurt anyone the government s should leave me alone." No one should force their morals on anyone else." You can't make people be good." Legislating morality violates the separation of church and state." 'Legislating Morality' answers those objections and advocates a moral base for America without sacrificing religious and cultural diversity. It debunks the myth that morality can't be legislated" and amply demonstrates how liberals, moderates, and conservatives alike exploit law to promote good and curtail evil. This book boldly challenges prevailing thinking about right and wrong and about our nation's moral future.

The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas

Author : Ursula K. Le Guin
Publisher : HarperCollins
ISBN 13 : 0062470973
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (624 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas by : Ursula K. Le Guin

Download or read book The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas written by Ursula K. Le Guin and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Ursula Le Guin is more than just a writer of adult fantasy and science fiction . . . she is a philosopher; an explorer in the landscapes of the mind.” – Cincinnati Enquirer The recipient of numerous literary prizes, including the National Book Award, the Kafka Award, and the Pushcart Prize, Ursula K. Le Guin is renowned for her spare, elegant prose, rich characterization, and diverse worlds. "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" is a short story originally published in the collection The Wind's Twelve Quarters.

A Decent Life

Author : Todd May
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022678634X
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis A Decent Life by : Todd May

Download or read book A Decent Life written by Todd May and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can we lead a fundamentally decent life without taking such drastic steps? Todd May has answers. He's not the sort of philosopher who tells us we have to be model citizens who display perfect ethics in every decision we make. He's realistic: he understands that living up to ideals is a constant struggle. May leads readers through the traditional philosophical bases of a number of arguments about what ethics asks of us, then he develops a more reasonable and achievable way of thinking about them, one that shows us how we can use philosophical insights to participate in the complicated world around us.

Moral Status

Author : Mary Anne Warren
Publisher : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 : 0191588156
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Status by : Mary Anne Warren

Download or read book Moral Status written by Mary Anne Warren and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1997-11-13 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mary Anne Warren explores a theoretical question which lies at the heart of practical ethics: what are the criteria for having moral status? In other words, what are the criteria for being an entity towards which people have moral obligations? Some philosophers maintain that there is one intrinsic property—for instance, life, sentience, humanity, or moral agency. Others believe that relational properties, such as belonging to a human community, are more important. In Part I of the book, Warren argues that no single property can serve as the sole criterion for moral status; instead, life, sentience, moral agency, and social and biotic relationships are all relevant, each in a different way. She presents seven basic principles, each focusing on a property that can, in combination with others, legitimately affect an agent's moral obligations towards entities of a given type. In Part II, these principles are applied in an examination of three controversial ethical issues: voluntary euthanasia, abortion