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Leadership Selection And Patron Client Relations In The Ussr And Yugoslavia
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Book Synopsis Leadership Selection and Patron–Client Relations in the USSR and Yugoslavia by : T.H. Rigby
Download or read book Leadership Selection and Patron–Client Relations in the USSR and Yugoslavia written by T.H. Rigby and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-28 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leadership Selection and Patron-Client Relations in the USSR and Yugoslavia (1983) examines the system of nomenklatura, the semi-secret network of quasi-bureaucratic rules and personal relationships through which careers in Soviet politics were managed. Other Communist countries took the USSR as their prototype and their patronage relationship systems are included in this study.
Book Synopsis Leadership selection and patron-client relations in the USSR and Yugoslavia by : Thomas Henry Rigby
Download or read book Leadership selection and patron-client relations in the USSR and Yugoslavia written by Thomas Henry Rigby and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Patronage and Politics in the USSR by : John P. Willerton
Download or read book Patronage and Politics in the USSR written by John P. Willerton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do Soviet politicians rise to power? How are national and regional regimes formed? How are conflicting political interests brought together as policies are developed in the Soviet Union? In Patronage and Politics in the USSR, first published in 1991, Professor John Willerton offers major insights into the patronage networks that have dominated elite mobility, regime formation, and governance in the Soviet Union during the past twenty-five years. Using the biographical and career details of over two thousand national leaders and regional officials in Azerbaijan and Lithuania, John Willerton traces the patron-client relations underlying recruitment, mobility, and policymaking. He explores the strategies of power consolidation and coalition building used by Soviet chief executives since 1964 as well as the institutional links and policy outcomes that have resulted from network politics. The author also assesses the manner and extent to which leaders in politically stable and less stable settings, spanning different national cultural contexts, have relied upon patronage networks to consolidate power and to govern. Finally, Professor Willerton explores how, in a period of dramatic change, patron-client networks may have given way to institutionalised interest groups and political parties.
Book Synopsis Collective Leadership in Soviet Politics by : Graeme Gill
Download or read book Collective Leadership in Soviet Politics written by Graeme Gill and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-21 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book studies the way in which the top leadership in the Soviet Union changed over time from 1917 until the collapse of the country in 1991. Its principal focus is the tension between individual leadership and collective rule, and it charts how this played out over the life of the regime. The strategies used by the most prominent leader in each period – Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev and Gorbachev – to acquire and retain power are counterposed to the strategies used by the other oligarchs to protect themselves and sustain their positions. This is analyzed against the backdrop of the emergence of norms designed to structure oligarch politics. The book will appeal to students and scholars interested in the fields of political leadership, Soviet politics and Soviet history.
Book Synopsis The Bosnian Muslims by : Francine Friedman
Download or read book The Bosnian Muslims written by Francine Friedman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although their plight now dominates television news worldwide, the Bosnian Muslims were until recently virtually unknown outside of Yugoslavia. This meticulously researched, comprehensive book traces the turbulent history of the Bosnian Muslims and shows how their mixed secular and religious identity has shaped the conflict in which they are now so tragically embroiled. Although their plight now dominates television news worldwide, the Bosnian Muslims were until recently virtually unknown outside of Yugoslavia. Who are these people? Why are they the focus of their former neighbors rage? What role did they play in Yugoslavia before they became the victims of ethnic cleansing? Why has Bosnia-Hercegovina, once a model of ethnic tolerance and multicultural harmony, suddenly exploded into ethnic violence?Focusing on these questions, Friedman provides a comprehensive study of this national group whose plight has riveted governments, the press, and the public alike. With a name reflecting both their religious and their national identity, the Bosnian Muslims are unique in Europe as indigenous Slavic Muslims. Descendants of schismatic Christians from the Middle Ages, they converted to Islam after the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia.The book follows them as they went from victims of crusades during the Middle Ages to members of the ruling elite within the Ottoman Empire; from rulers back to subjects under Austria-Hungary; and later subjects again, this time under the Serbs in the interwar Yugoslav Kingdom and the Communists after World War II. The Bosnian Muslims have survived through it all, even thriving during certain periods, most notably when they were recognized by Tito as a nation.Meticulously tracing their turbulent history and assessing the issues surrounding Bosnian Muslim nationhood in Yugoslavia, Friedman shows us how the mixed secular and religious identity of the Bosnian Muslims has shaped the conflict in which they are now so tragically embroiled.
Book Synopsis Intimate Empire by : Alexa von Winning
Download or read book Intimate Empire written by Alexa von Winning and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-14 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a humiliating defeat in the Crimean War, the Russian Empire struggled to reassert its position as a global power. A small noble family returned from the siege of Sevastopol and joined the rulers' efforts to advance Russian standing in the decades until 1917. Intimate Empire tells the story of the Mansurovs, who were known to nineteenth-century observers as resourceful imperial agents and staunch supporters of Orthodoxy. In close interplay with scholarship and the media, they built churches and pilgrim hostels to increase Russian dominance within its borders and in the Ottoman Empire. Some of the family's achievements stand to this day: the Russian complex in Jerusalem and an impressive Orthodox Convent in Riga. When the Revolution came, they faced stigmatization as former nobles, believers, and monarchists. Impoverishment and arrests became part of their daily lives in Soviet Russia. Intimate Empire is a study of the momentous role played by elite families in Russia's international involvement in the age of empire. It shows how three generations of a mobile noble family advanced the intertwined causes of the Russian Empire and Orthodoxy, using family resources and tools of intimacy. Women were crucial for the family's efforts, both behind the scenes and in public. It is the first monograph to examine the interplay between family and empire building in Russian history-a topic that has proven extraordinarily prolific for British imperial history yet remains virtually unexplored for the Russian case. Russia, Orthodoxy, and noble family life emerge as part of the European trans-imperial scene.
Book Synopsis State Erosion by : Lawrence P. Markowitz
Download or read book State Erosion written by Lawrence P. Markowitz and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State failure is a central challenge to international peace and security in the post–Cold War era. Yet theorizing on the causes of state failure remains surprisingly limited. In State Erosion, Lawrence P. Markowitz draws on his extensive fieldwork in two Central Asian republics—Tajikistan, where state institutions fragmented into a five-year civil war from 1992 through 1997, and Uzbekistan, which constructed one of the largest state security apparatuses in post-Soviet Eurasia—to advance a theory of state failure focused on unlootable resources, rent seeking, and unruly elites. In Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and other countries with low capital mobility—where resources cannot be extracted, concealed, or transported to market without state intervention—local elites may control resources, but they depend on patrons to convert their resources into rents. Markowitz argues that different rent-seeking opportunities either promote the cooptation of local elites to the regime or incite competition over rents, which in turn lead to either cohesion or fragmentation. Markowitz distinguishes between weak states and failed states, challenges the assumption that state failure in a country begins at the center and radiates outward, and expands the "resource curse" argument to include cash crop economies, where mechanisms of state failure differ from those involved in fossil fuels and minerals. Broadening his argument to weak states in the Middle East (Syria and Lebanon) and Africa (Zimbabwe and Somalia), Markowitz shows how the distinct patterns of state failure in weak states with immobile capital can inform our understanding of regime change, ethnic violence, and security sector reform.
Download or read book Tajikistan written by Kirill Nourzhanov and published by ANU E Press. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a historical study of the Tajiks in Central Asia from the ancient times to the post-Soviet period. For millennia, these descendants of the original Aryan settlers were part of many different empires set up by Greek, Arab, Turkic and Russian invaders, as well as their own, most notably during the Middle Ages. The emergence of the modern state of Tajikistan began after 1917 under Soviet rule, and culminated in the promulgation of independence from the moribund USSR in 1991. In the subsequent civil war that raged between 1992 and 1997, Tajikistan came close to becoming a failed state. The legacy of that internal conflict remains critical to understanding politics in Tajikistan a generation later. Exploring the patterns of ethnic identity and the exigencies of state formation, the book argues that despite a strong sense of belonging underpinned by shared history, mythology and cultural traits, the Tajiks have not succeeded in forming a consolidated nation. The politics of the Russian colonial administration, the national-territorial delimitation under Stalin, and the Soviet strategy of socio-economic modernisation contributed to the preservation and reification of sub-ethnic cleavages and regional identities. The book demonstrates the impact of region-based elite clans on Tajikistan’s political trajectory in the twilight years of the Soviet era, and identifies objective and subjective factors that led to the civil war. It concludes with a survey of the process of national reconciliation after 1997, and the formal and informal political actors, including Islamist groups, who compete for influence in Tajik society. “Tajikistan: A Political and Social History is the best source of information on this important country in the English language. Drs Nourzhanov and Bleuer present a comprehensive yet detailed account of the past and prospects of this emerging nation, and have filled one of the major gaps in Central Asian scholarship. This book must be read by those who wish to grasp the vagaries of Central Asia’s evolving political and cultural landscapes.” Reuel Hanks, Professor of Geography, Oklahoma State University, and Editor of the Journal of Central Asian Studies. “If Tajikistan is known outside its region, it is often for the civil war that gravely damaged it. This volume authoritatively provides the longer perspective to the unsettling events of the 1990s and skilfully explains them in terms of history, social structure, and sub-state identities. In addition to highlighting a wealth of local factors, it is insightful on the ways in which antagonists can be transformed into broader ethnic and regional blocs. Kirill Nourzhanov and Christian Bleuer are erudite guides to an understudied part of Central Asia, while astutely instructing us about larger patterns of state-society relations and their impact on the logic of conflict.” James Piscatori, Professor of International Relations, Durham University.
Book Synopsis Practicing Stalinism by : J. Arch Getty
Download or read book Practicing Stalinism written by J. Arch Getty and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In old Russia, patron/client relations, "clan" politics, and a variety of other informal practices spanned the centuries. Government was understood to be patrimonial and personal rather than legal, and office holding was far less important than proximity to patrons. Working from heretofore unused documents from the Communist archives, J. Arch Getty shows how these political practices and traditions from old Russia have persisted throughout the twentieth-century Soviet Union and down to the present day. Getty examines a number of case studies of political practices in the Stalin era and after. These include cults of personality, the transformation of Old Bolsheviks into noble grandees, the Communist Party's personnel selection system, and the rise of political clans ("family circles") after the 1917 Revolutions. Stalin's conflicts with these clans, and his eventual destruction of them, were key elements of the Great Purges of the 1930s. But although Stalin could destroy the competing clans, he could not destroy the historically embedded patron-client relationship, as a final chapter on political practice under Putin shows.
Book Synopsis Governing the Locals by : Tomila Lankina
Download or read book Governing the Locals written by Tomila Lankina and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2006-11 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the impact of Russia's local self-governing institutions on nationalist movement mobilization in Russia. It is the first study identifying municipalities as central to explaining aspects of ethnic or broader social activism in post-Soviet Russia. Because the book is comparative in scope, it also contributes to debates on movement dynamics and nationalist mobilization in other national and institutional settings.
Book Synopsis Clan Politics and Regime Transition in Central Asia by : Kathleen Collins
Download or read book Clan Politics and Regime Transition in Central Asia written by Kathleen Collins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-03 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study of the role of clan networks in Central Asia from the early twentieth century through 2004. Exploring the social, economic, and historical roots of clans, and their political role and political transformation in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods, it argues that clans are informal political actors that are critical to understanding politics in this region. The book demonstrates that the Soviet system was far less successful in transforming and controlling Central Asian society, and in its policy of eradicating clan identities, than has often been assumed. In order to understand Central Asian politics and their economies, scholars and policy makers must take into account the powerful role of these informal groups, how they adapt and change over time, and how they may constrain or undermine democratization in this strategic region.
Book Synopsis The Decline of Political Leadership in Australia? by : Jan Pakulski
Download or read book The Decline of Political Leadership in Australia? written by Jan Pakulski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-11 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the changing political recruitment of the Australian federal parliamentary elite. It argues that the elite's quality has been reduced to a worrisome degree, especially since the 1990s. It suggests that the declining quality of the Australian 'political class' is a major factor behind the declining public trust in politicians.
Book Synopsis Substate Dictatorship by : Yoram Gorlizki
Download or read book Substate Dictatorship written by Yoram Gorlizki and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-05 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential exploration of how authoritarian regimes operate at the local level How do local leaders govern in a large dictatorship? What resources do they draw on? Yoram Gorlizki and Oleg Khlevniuk examine these questions by looking at one of the most important authoritarian regimes of the twentieth century. Starting in the early years after the Second World War and taking the story through to the 1970s, they chart the strategies of Soviet regional leaders, paying particular attention to the forging and evolution of local trust networks.
Book Synopsis State and Peasant in Contemporary China by : Jean C. Oi
Download or read book State and Peasant in Contemporary China written by Jean C. Oi and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1991-08-12 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a study of peasant-state relations and village politics as they have evolved in response to the state's attempts to control the division of the harvest and extract the state-defined surplus. To provide the reader with a clearer sense of the evolution of peasant-state relations over almost a forty-year period and to highlight the dramatic changes that have taken place since 1978,1 have divided my analysis into two parts: Chapters 2 through 7 are on Maoist China, and chapters 8 and 9 are on post-Mao China. The first part examines the state's grain policies and patterns of local politics that emerged during the highly collectivized Maoist period, when the state closed free grain markets and established the system of unified purchase and sales (tonggou tongxiao). The second part describes the new methods for the production and division of the harvest after 1978, when the government decollectivized agriculture and abolished its unified procurement program.
Book Synopsis Presidents, Oligarchs and Bureaucrats by : Dr Susan Stewart
Download or read book Presidents, Oligarchs and Bureaucrats written by Dr Susan Stewart and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-04-28 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade the "transition paradigm", which is based on the conviction that authoritarian political systems would over time necessarily develop into democracies, has been subjected to serious criticism. The complex political and societal developments in the post-Soviet region in particular have exposed flaws in the claim that a shift from authoritarianism to democracy is inevitable. Using case studies from the post-Soviet region, a broad range of international contributors present an original and innovative contribution to the debate. They explore the character of post-Soviet regimes and review the political transformations they have experienced since the end of the Cold War. Through a combination of theoretical approaches and detailed, empirical analysis the authors highlight the difficulties and benefits of applying the concepts of hybrid regimes, competitive authoritarianism and neopatrimonialism to the countries of the post-Soviet space. Through this in-depth approach the authors demonstrate how "Presidents, Oligarchs and Bureaucrats" in the region lead their countries, examine the sources of their legitimacy and their relationship to the societies they govern and advance the general theoretical debate on regime change and transition paths.
Download or read book Bridling Dictators written by Graeme Gill and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new perspective on authoritarian politics. Rather than the leadership of the authoritarian political systems being always characterized by arbitrariness, fear, and struggle for power, this book argues that politics of such regimes are structured by a series of rules which bring some consistency and predictability.
Book Synopsis An Algebra of Soviet Power by : Michael E. Urban
Download or read book An Algebra of Soviet Power written by Michael E. Urban and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-11-23 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Control of office has long been regarded as the key element in understanding power and policy in the Soviet system. What, however, accounts for the control of office and how are individuals recruited into positions of power and responsibility? In An Algebra of Soviet Power, Michael Urban adopts a fresh approach and introduces into the field of political elite studies the sociological technique of vacancy chain analysis.
