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Laser Raman Scattering Measurements Of Differential Diffusion In Non Reacting And Reacting Laminar And Turbulent Jet Flows
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Book Synopsis Laser Raman Scattering Measurements of Differential Diffusion in Non-reacting and Reacting Laminar and Turbulent Jet Flows by : L. L. Smith
Download or read book Laser Raman Scattering Measurements of Differential Diffusion in Non-reacting and Reacting Laminar and Turbulent Jet Flows written by L. L. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laser Raman Scattering Measurements of Differential Molecular Diffusion in Turbulent Nonpremixed Jet Flames of H[sub 2]/CO[sub 2] Fuel by :
Download or read book Laser Raman Scattering Measurements of Differential Molecular Diffusion in Turbulent Nonpremixed Jet Flames of H[sub 2]/CO[sub 2] Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores effects of differential diffusion in nonpremixed turbulent jet flames. Pulsed Raman scattering spectroscopy is used to measure temperature and species concentrations in chemically reacting jets of H[sub 2]/CO[sub 2] into air, over a range of jet Reynolds numbers from 1,000 to 30,000 based on cold jet fluid properties. Results show significant effects of differential diffusion at all jet Reynolds numbers considered. Differential diffusion between H[sub 2] and C0[sub 2] produces differences between the hydrogen element mixture fraction ([xi][sub H]) and the carbon element mixture fraction ([xi][sub c]). The greatest effects occur on the rich side of stoichiometric, where [xi][sub H] is observed to be smaller than [xi][sub C] at all Reynolds numbers. Differential diffusion between H[sub 2] and H[sub 2]O creates a net flux of hydrogen element toward the stoichiometric contour and causes a local maximum in [xi]H that occurs near the stoichiometric condition. A differential diffusion variable [sup Z]H is defined as the difference between [xi][sub H] and [xi][sub C]. The variance Of [sup Z]H conditional on [xi][sub C] also shows that differential diffusion effects are greatest on the rich side of the flame. Conditional variances of [sup Z]H are largest at intermediate Reynolds numbers.
Book Synopsis Laser Raman Scattering Measurements of Differential Molecular Diffusion in Turbulent Nonpremixed Jet Flames of H2/CO2 Fuel by :
Download or read book Laser Raman Scattering Measurements of Differential Molecular Diffusion in Turbulent Nonpremixed Jet Flames of H2/CO2 Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explores effects of differential diffusion in nonpremixed turbulent jet flames. Pulsed Raman scattering spectroscopy is used to measure temperature and species concentrations in chemically reacting jets of H2/CO2 into air, over a range of jet Reynolds numbers from 1,000 to 30,000 based on cold jet fluid properties. Results show significant effects of differential diffusion at all jet Reynolds numbers considered. Differential diffusion between H2 and C02 produces differences between the hydrogen element mixture fraction ([xi]{sub H}) and the carbon element mixture fraction ([xi]{sub c}). The greatest effects occur on the rich side of stoichiometric, where [xi]{sub H} is observed to be smaller than [xi]{sub C} at all Reynolds numbers. Differential diffusion between H2 and H2O creates a net flux of hydrogen element toward the stoichiometric contour and causes a local maximum in [xi]H that occurs near the stoichiometric condition. A differential diffusion variable {sup Z}H is defined as the difference between [xi]{sub H} and [xi]{sub C}. The variance Of {sup Z}H conditional on [xi]{sub C} also shows that differential diffusion effects are greatest on the rich side of the flame. Conditional variances of {sup Z}H are largest at intermediate Reynolds numbers.
Book Synopsis Laser Raman Diagnostics in Subsonic and Supersonic Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames by : T. S. Cheng
Download or read book Laser Raman Diagnostics in Subsonic and Supersonic Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames written by T. S. Cheng and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781723190957 Total Pages :196 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (99 download)
Book Synopsis Laser Raman Diagnostics in Subsonic and Supersonic Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Laser Raman Diagnostics in Subsonic and Supersonic Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-18 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultraviolet (UV) spontaneous vibrational Raman scattering combined with laser-induced predissociative fluorescence (LIPF) is developed for temperature and multi-species concentration measurements. Simultaneous measurements of temperature, major species (H2, O2, N2, H2O), and minor species (OH) concentrations are made with a 'single' narrow band KrF excimer laser in subsonic and supersonic lifted turbulent hydrogen-air diffusion flames. The UV Raman system is calibrated with a flat-flame diffusion burner operated at several known equivalence ratios from fuel-lean to fuel-rich. Temperature measurements made by the ratio of Stokes/anti-Stokes signal and by the ideal gas law are compared. The single shot measurement precision for concentration and temperature measurement is 5 to 10 pct. Calibration constants and bandwidth factors are determined from the flat burner measurements and used in a data reduction program to arrive at temperature and species concentration measurements. These simultaneous measurements of temperature and multi-species concentrations allow a better understanding of the complex turbulence-chemistry interactions and provide information for the input and validation of CFD models. Cheng, T. S. and Wehrmeyer, J. A. and Pitz, R. W. Unspecified Center DIFFUSION FLAMES; GAS JETS; LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; RAMAN SPECTRA; SUBSONIC FLOW; SUPERSONIC JET FLOW; TURBULENT JETS; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); EQUATIONS OF STATE; EXCIMER LASERS; IDEAL GAS; TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT; TURBULENT DIFFUSION; VIBRATION...
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-08 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis UV Raman Scattering Measurements of a Mach 2 Reacting Flow Over a Piloted Cavity (Postprint). by :
Download or read book UV Raman Scattering Measurements of a Mach 2 Reacting Flow Over a Piloted Cavity (Postprint). written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UV Raman scattering measurements were made in a Mach 2 supersonic air flow over a cavity piloted with ethylene fuel (C2H4). The wall cavity simulated the pilot region of a scramjet combustor. In the UV Raman system, a 248 nm KrF excimer laser beam (400 mJ/pulse, 20 ns pulse length) was used to excite the Raman scattering in the combustion zone. Raman scattered light in the 254-278 nm spectral region allows measurement of the following molecular species: CO2 (257 nm), 02 (258 nm), N2 (263 nm), C2H4 (268 nm), H2O (273 nm) and H2 (277nm). To avoid damaging the fused-silica windows on the combustion test section: 1) the laser pulse was stretched from 20 ns to 150 ns using two optical delay cavities, 2) a long focal length lens (5 meters) focused the KrF beam to a relatively large diameter (1 mm diameter) and 3) the laser energy was decreased to 100 mJ/pulse. Under these conditions, the high power pulsed laser beam passed through the side fused-silica windows without inflicting damage. Raman scattered light was collected from the top fused-silica and was focused into a 0.32 meter spectrometer.
Author :American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Technical Information Service Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :196 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis The Finding Guide to AIAA Meeting Papers by : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Technical Information Service
Download or read book The Finding Guide to AIAA Meeting Papers written by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Technical Information Service and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turbulent Combustion by : Norbert Peters
Download or read book Turbulent Combustion written by Norbert Peters and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-08-15 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combustion of fossil fuels remains a key technology for the foreseeable future. It is therefore important that we understand the mechanisms of combustion and, in particular, the role of turbulence within this process. Combustion always takes place within a turbulent flow field for two reasons: turbulence increases the mixing process and enhances combustion, but at the same time combustion releases heat which generates flow instability through buoyancy, thus enhancing the transition to turbulence. The four chapters of this book present a thorough introduction to the field of turbulent combustion. After an overview of modeling approaches, the three remaining chapters consider the three distinct cases of premixed, non-premixed, and partially premixed combustion, respectively. This book will be of value to researchers and students of engineering and applied mathematics by demonstrating the current theories of turbulent combustion within a unified presentation of the field.
Book Synopsis A DNS Study of Differential Diffusion in Nonpremixed Reacting Turbulent Flows Using a Generalized Burke-Schumann Formulation by : Tamara Kaye Grimmett
Download or read book A DNS Study of Differential Diffusion in Nonpremixed Reacting Turbulent Flows Using a Generalized Burke-Schumann Formulation written by Tamara Kaye Grimmett and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Application of Spontaneous Raman Scattering for Measurements of Thermal Non-equilibrium in High-speed Mixing and Combustion by : Heath Heinrich Reising
Download or read book Application of Spontaneous Raman Scattering for Measurements of Thermal Non-equilibrium in High-speed Mixing and Combustion written by Heath Heinrich Reising and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixing-induced vibrational non-equilibrium is studied in the turbulent shear layer between a high-speed jet and a surrounding hot-air coflow. The vibrational and rotational temperatures of N2 and O2 are determined by fitting measured spontaneous Raman scattering spectra to a model that allows for different equilibrium distributions of the vibrational and rotational states. The mixing of the jet fluid with the coflow gases occurs over microsecond time scales, which is sufficiently fast to induce vibrational non-equilibrium in the mixture of hot and cold gases. I measured the non-equilibrium on the hot side of the shear layer, but not on the cold side where the vibrational population in the first hot band is negligible. The effect of fluctuating temperatures on the time-averaged Raman measurement was quantified using single-shot Rayleigh thermometry. The Raman scattering results were found to be insensitive to fluctuations except where the flame is present intermittently. It was also found that the measured non-equilibrium increases in the shear layer when N2 is removed from the jet fluid, indicating that the measurements average two competing processes that occur simultaneously at a molecular scale: vibrationally hot N2 cooled by the fast jet fluid and vibrationally cold jet fluid heated by a hot coflow. An interesting inference is that the averaging effect is always present, regardless of the measurement resolution. No measurable vibrational non-equilibrium is found in the O2 molecules in the same non-reacting regions. This difference between species temperatures violates the two-temperature assumption often used in the modeling of high-temperature non-equilibrium flow. A new technique was developed to obtain spontaneous Raman scattering temperature measurements from a single laser pulse. This technique required the construction of a multiple-pass cell to obtain adequate scattered signal. Additionally, the pulse was stretched temporally with a system of partial reflectors and time-flight-delay ring cavities in order to reduce the peak power of the 1 J laser pulses. These measurements were found to be in agreement with the previous time-average results and allowed for measurement to be made near the fluctuating base of a lifted flame – a region where time-averaged measurements do not give meaningful results.
Book Synopsis 32nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit: 94-0220 - 94-0254 by :
Download or read book 32nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit: 94-0220 - 94-0254 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Opposed Jet Turbulent Diffusion Flames by : Lawrence Talbot
Download or read book Opposed Jet Turbulent Diffusion Flames written by Lawrence Talbot and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laser Applications to Turbulent Reactive Flows: Density Measurement by Resonance Absorption and Scattering Techniques by : Charles P. Wang
Download or read book Laser Applications to Turbulent Reactive Flows: Density Measurement by Resonance Absorption and Scattering Techniques written by Charles P. Wang and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the feasibility of applying resonance absorption and scattering techniques for the measurement of species densities in turbulent reactive flows is presented. Light interaction -- including Mie, Rayleigh, and Raman scattering, resonance absorption, and resonance scattering -- is first discussed. Resonance absorption and scattering cross sections in the ir, visible, and uv spectral regions are estimated for selected atomic and molecular species. A brief survey of tunable lasers and photodetectors is given. Application of resonance absorption and scattering to fluid species densities measurement, including consideration of signal-to-noise ratio, minimum detectable number densities, and some experimental results, is discussed. Comparisons of various laser density diagnostic techniques and their advantages and limitations are also given. It is concluded that these techniques are applicable for a simple chemical system and can be used to study turbulent reactive flow phenomena. For a more complex chemical system, spectroscopy and quenching data are needed in order to evaluate feasibility.
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