Las Siete Partidas

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Las Siete Partidas, Volume 4

Author : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812217411
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Las Siete Partidas, Volume 4 by : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)

Download or read book Las Siete Partidas, Volume 4 written by Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó) and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Las Siete Partidas, or Seven Divisions, is the major law code of thirteenth-century Spain, compiled by Alfonso X the Learned of Castile. Seven centuries later, this compendium of legal and customary information remains the foundation of modern Spanish law. In addition, its influence is notable in the law of Spain's former colonies, including Texas, California, and Louisiana. The work's extraordinary scope offers unparalleled insight into the social, intellectual, and cultural history of medieval Spain. Built on the armature of a law code, it is in effect an encyclopedia of medieval life. Long out of print, the English translation of Las Siete Partidas—first commissioned in 1931 by the American Bar Association—returns in a superior new edition. Editor and distinguished medieval historian Robert I. Burns, S.J., provides critical historical material in a new general Introduction and extensive introductions to each Partida. Jerry Craddock of the University of California, Berkeley, provides updated bibliographical notes, and Joseph O'Callaghan of Fordham University contributes a section on law in Alfonso's time. Las Siete Partidas is presented in five volumes, each available separately: The Medieval Church, Volume 1: The World of Clerics and Laymen (Partida I) Medieval Government, Volume 2: The World of Kings and Warriors (Partida II) The Medieval World of Law, Volume 3: Lawyers and Their Work (Partida III) Family, Commerce, and the Sea, Volume 4: The Worlds of Women and Merchants (Partidas IV and V) Underworlds, Volume 5: The Dead, the Criminal, and the Marginalized (Partidas VI and VII)

Las Siete Partidas, Volume 5

Author : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 081221742X
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Las Siete Partidas, Volume 5 by : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)

Download or read book Las Siete Partidas, Volume 5 written by Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó) and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Las Siete Partidas, or Seven Divisions, is the major law code of thirteenth-century Spain, compiled by Alfonso X the Learned of Castile. Seven centuries later, this compendium of legal and customary information remains the foundation of modern Spanish law. In addition, its influence is notable in the law of Spain's former colonies, including Texas, California, and Louisiana. The work's extraordinary scope offers unparalleled insight into the social, intellectual, and cultural history of medieval Spain. Built on the armature of a law code, it is in effect an encyclopedia of medieval life. Long out of print, the English translation of Las Siete Partidas—first commissioned in 1931 by the American Bar Association—returns in a superior new edition. Editor and distinguished medieval historian Robert I. Burns, S.J., provides critical historical material in a new general Introduction and extensive introductions to each Partida. Jerry Craddock of the University of California, Berkeley, provides updated bibliographical notes, and Joseph O'Callaghan of Fordham University contributes a section on law in Alfonso's time. Las Siete Partidas is presented in five volumes, each available separately: The Medieval Church, Volume 1: The World of Clerics and Laymen (Partida I) Medieval Government, Volume 2: The World of Kings and Warriors (Partida II) The Medieval World of Law, Volume 3: Lawyers and Their Work (Partida III) Family, Commerce, and the Sea, Volume 4: The Worlds of Women and Merchants (Partidas IV and V) Underworlds, Volume 5: The Dead, the Criminal, and the Marginalized (Partidas VI and VII)

Alfonso X, the Justinian of His Age

Author : Joseph F. O'Callaghan
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501735918
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Alfonso X, the Justinian of His Age by : Joseph F. O'Callaghan

Download or read book Alfonso X, the Justinian of His Age written by Joseph F. O'Callaghan and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this magisterial work, Joseph O'Callaghan offers a detailed account of the establishment of Alfonso X's legal code, the Libro de las leyes or Siete Partidas, and its applications in the daily life of thirteenth-century Iberia, both within and far beyond the royal courts. O'Callaghan argues that Alfonso X, el Sabio (the Wise), was the Justinian of his age, one of the truly great legal minds of human history. Alfonso X, the Justinian of His Age highlights the struggles the king faced in creating a new, coherent, inclusive, and all-embracing body of law during his reign, O'Callaghan also considers Alfonso X's own understanding of his role as king, lawgiver, and defender of the faith in order to evaluate the impact of his achievement on the administration of justice. Indeed, such was the power and authority of the Alfonsine code that it proved the king's downfall when his son invoked it to challenge his rule. Throughout this soaring legal and historical biography, O'Callaghan reminds us of the long-term impacts of Alfonso X's legal works, not just on Castilian (and later, Iberian) life, but on the administration of justice across the world.

Dead Voice

Author : Jesús D. Rodríguez-Velasco
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812251865
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Dead Voice by : Jesús D. Rodríguez-Velasco

Download or read book Dead Voice written by Jesús D. Rodríguez-Velasco and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2020-01-24 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An exploration of the thirteenth-century law code known as Siete Partidas Conceived and promulgated by Alfonso X, King of Castile and León (r. 1252-1282), and created by a workshop of lawyers, legal scholars, and others, the set of books known as the Siete Partidas is both a work of legal theory and a legislative document designed to offer practical guidelines for the rendering of legal decisions and the management of good governance. Yet for all its practical reach, which extended over centuries and as far as the Spanish New World, it is an unusual text, argues Jesús R. Velasco, one that introduces canon and ecclesiastical law in the vernacular for explicitly secular purposes, that embraces intellectual disciplines and fictional techniques that normally lie outside legal science, and that cultivates rather than shuns perplexity. In Dead Voice, Velasco analyzes the process of the Siete Partidas's codification and the ways in which different cultural, religious, and legal traditions that existed on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages were combined in its innovative construction. In particular, he pays special attention to the concept of "dead voice," the art of writing the law in the vernacular of its clients as well as in the language of legal professionals. He offers an integrated reading of the Siete Partidas, exploring such matters as the production, transmission, and control of the material text; the collaboration between sovereignty and jurisdiction to define the environment where law applies; a rare legislation of friendship; and the use of legislation to characterize the people as "the soul of the kingdom," endowed with the responsibility of judging the stability of the political space. Presenting case studies beyond the Siete Partidas that demonstrate the incorporation of philosophical and fictional elements in the construction of law, Velasco reveals the legal processes that configured novel definitions of a subject and a people.

The Wise King

Author : Simon R. Doubleday
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465073913
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis The Wise King by : Simon R. Doubleday

Download or read book The Wise King written by Simon R. Doubleday and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illuminating biography of Alfonso X, the 13th-century philosopher-king whose affinity for Islamic culture left an indelible mark on Western civilization "If I had been present at the Creation," the thirteenth-century Spanish philosopher-king Alfonso X is said to have stated, "Many faults in the universe would have been avoided." Known as El Sabio, "the Wise," Alfonso was renowned by friends and enemies alike for his sparkling intellect and extraordinary cultural achievements. In The Wise King, celebrated historian Simon R. Doubleday traces the story of the king's life and times, leading us deep into his emotional world and showing how his intense admiration for Spain's rich Islamic culture paved the way for the European Renaissance. In 1252, when Alfonso replaced his more militaristic father on the throne of Castile and Leóthe battle to reconquer Muslim territory on the Iberian Peninsula was raging fiercely. But even as he led his Christian soldiers onto the battlefield, Alfonso was seduced by the glories of Muslim Spain. His engagement with the Arabic-speaking culture of the South shaped his pursuit of astronomy, for which he was famed for centuries, and his profoundly humane vision of the world, which Dante, Petrarch, and later Italian humanists would inherit. A composer of lyric verses, and patron of works on board games, hunting, and the properties of stones, Alfonso is best known today for his Cantigas de Santa Marí/i> (Songs of Holy Mary), which offer a remarkable window onto his world. His ongoing struggles as a king and as a man were distilled-in art, music, literature, and architecture-into something sublime that speaks to us powerfully across the centuries. An intimate biography of the Spanish ruler in whom two cultures converged, The Wise King introduces readers to a Renaissance man before his time, whose creative energy in the face of personal turmoil and existential threats to his kingdom would transform the course of Western history.

Pluralism in the Middle Ages

Author : Ragnhild Johnsrud Zorgati
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136622101
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Pluralism in the Middle Ages by : Ragnhild Johnsrud Zorgati

Download or read book Pluralism in the Middle Ages written by Ragnhild Johnsrud Zorgati and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenges of cultural and religious diversity that face European and American societies today are not a new phenomenon. People in the Middle Ages lived in pluralistic societies, and they found highly interesting ways of dealing with religious and cultural diversity. While religious and political authorities commanded people to stick to their kind, some people explored the borderland between religious identities. In medieval Iberia, Christians and Muslims challenged the legal authorities’ prohibitions against crossing religious and cultural boundaries when they engaged in mixed marriages between Muslims and Christians or converted from one religion to the other. By examining the topics of conversion and mixed marriages in legal texts of Muslim and Christian origin, Pluralism in the Middle Ages explores the construction of boundaries as well as the reasons explaining such constructions. It demonstrates that the religious and social boundaries were not static, nor were they similarly defined by Islamic and Christian medieval cultures. Moreover, the book argues that Muslims and Christians in medieval Iberia did not constitute clearly separated groups, since various categories of people haunted the boundaries between them: false converts employing taqiya strategy (taking on an outward Christian identity while practicing Islam in secret), those engaged in mixed marriages or interreligious sexual relations (and their children), and converts, whose conversion may be perceived as sincere or insincere, total or partial.

The Settlement of Disputes in Early Medieval Europe

Author : Wendy Davies
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521428958
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis The Settlement of Disputes in Early Medieval Europe by : Wendy Davies

Download or read book The Settlement of Disputes in Early Medieval Europe written by Wendy Davies and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-04-23 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of original essays on the settlement of disputes in the early middle ages, a subject of central importance for social and political history. Case material, from the evidence of charters, is used to reveal the realities of the settlement process in the behaviour and interactions of people - instead of the prescriptive and idealised models of law-codes and edicts. The book is not therefore a technical study of charters evidence. The geographical range across Europe is unusually wide, which allows comparison across differing societies. Frankish material is inevitably prominent, but the contributors have sought to integrate Celtic, Greek, Italian and Spanish material into the mainstream of the subject. Above all, the book aims to 'demystify' the study of early medieval law, and to present a radical reappraisal of established assumptions about law and society.

Las Siete Partidas, Volume 1

Author : Robert I. Burns, S.J.
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812208528
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Las Siete Partidas, Volume 1 by : Robert I. Burns, S.J.

Download or read book Las Siete Partidas, Volume 1 written by Robert I. Burns, S.J. and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Las Siete Partidas, or Seven Divisions, is the major law code of thirteenth-century Spain, compiled by Alfonso X the Learned of Castile. Seven centuries later, this compendium of legal and customary information remains the foundation of modern Spanish law. In addition, its influence is notable in the law of Spain's former colonies, including Texas, California, and Louisiana. The work's extraordinary scope offers unparalleled insight into the social, intellectual, and cultural history of medieval Spain. Built on the armature of a law code, it is in effect an encyclopedia of medieval life. Long out of print, the English translation of Las Siete Partidas—first commissioned in 1931 by the American Bar Association—returns in a superior new edition. Editor and distinguished medieval historian Robert I. Burns, S.J., provides critical historical material in a new general Introduction and extensive introductions to each Partida. Jerry Craddock of the University of California, Berkeley, provides updated bibliographical notes, and Joseph O'Callaghan of Fordham University contributes a section on law in Alfonso's time. Las Siete Partidas is presented in five volumes, each available separately: The Medieval Church, Volume 1: The World of Clerics and Laymen (Partida I) Medieval Government, Volume 2: The World of Kings and Warriors (Partida II) The Medieval World of Law, Volume 3: Lawyers and Their Work (Partida III) Family, Commerce, and the Sea, Volume 4: The Worlds of Women and Merchants (Partidas IV and V) Underworlds, Volume 5: The Dead, the Criminal, and the Marginalized (Partidas VI and VII)

The Medieval Chronicle 13

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004428569
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis The Medieval Chronicle 13 by :

Download or read book The Medieval Chronicle 13 written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alongside annals, chronicles were the main genre of historical writing in the Middle Ages. Their significance as sources for the study of medieval history and culture is today widely recognised not only by historians, but also by students of medieval literature and linguistics and by art historians. The series The Medieval Chronicle aims to provide a representative survey of the on-going research in the field of chronicle studies, illustrated by examples from specific chronicles from a wide variety of countries, periods and cultural backgrounds. There are several reasons why the chronicle is particularly suited as the topic of a yearbook. In the first place there is its ubiquity: all over Europe and throughout the Middle Ages chronicles were written, both in Latin and in the vernacular, and not only in Europe but also in the countries neighbouring on it, like those of the Arabic world. Secondly, all chronicles raise such questions as by whom, for whom, or for what purpose were they written, how do they reconstruct the past, what determined the choice of verse or prose, or what kind of literary influences are discernable in them. Finally, many chronicles have been beautifully illuminated, and the relation between text and image leads to a wholly different set of questions. The Medieval Chronicle is published in cooperation with the Medieval Chronicle Society (medievalchronicle.org).

Death in Fifteenth Century Castile

Author : Laura Vivanco
Publisher : Tamesis Books
ISBN 13 : 9781855661004
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis Death in Fifteenth Century Castile by : Laura Vivanco

Download or read book Death in Fifteenth Century Castile written by Laura Vivanco and published by Tamesis Books. This book was released on 2004 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differences in attitudes to death and dying in two distinct social classes, the ecclesiastics and the nobility. The theory of the three estates made clear distinctions between the functions of the two estates which comprised the elite of medieval society: the oradores (ecclesiastics) and the defensores (warriors or nobility).They had different lifestyles, clothing and ways of thinking about life. With regard to death, the responses dictated by Christian theology conflicted with the demands of the defensor ideology, based on the defence of individual honour, the pursuit of fama and the display of earthly power. This book charts the progress of the dying from their preparations for death, through their 'good' or 'bad' deaths, to their burials and otherworldly fates and also analyses the responses of the bereaved. Through the use of pre-fifteenth-century texts it is possible to demonstrate that the conflict between the orador and defensor ideologies did not begin in the fifteenth century, but rather had a much older origin, and it is suggested that the conflict continued after 1500. Textual sources include the Siete partidas, wills, chronicles, religious works such as the Arte de bien morir and literary works such as Cárcel de Amor and Celestina.

The Long, Lingering Shadow

Author : Robert J. Cottrol
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 0820344761
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Long, Lingering Shadow by : Robert J. Cottrol

Download or read book The Long, Lingering Shadow written by Robert J. Cottrol and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Students of American history know of the law’s critical role in systematizing a racial hierarchy in the United States. Showing that this history is best appreciated in a comparative perspective, The Long, Lingering Shadow looks at the parallel legal histories of race relations in the United States, Brazil, and Spanish America. Robert J. Cottrol takes the reader on a journey from the origins of New World slavery in colonial Latin America to current debates and litigation over affirmative action in Brazil and the United States, as well as contemporary struggles against racial discrimination and Afro-Latin invisibility in the Spanish-speaking nations of the hemisphere. Ranging across such topics as slavery, emancipation, scientific racism, immigration policies, racial classifications, and legal processes, Cottrol unravels a complex odyssey. By the eve of the Civil War, the U.S. slave system was rooted in a legal and cultural foundation of racial exclusion unmatched in the Western Hemisphere. That system’s legacy was later echoed in Jim Crow, the practice of legally mandated segregation. Jim Crow in turn caused leading Latin Americans to regard their nations as models of racial equality because their laws did not mandate racial discrimination— a belief that masked very real patterns of racism throughout the Americas. And yet, Cottrol says, if the United States has had a history of more-rigid racial exclusion, since the Second World War it has also had a more thorough civil rights revolution, with significant legal victories over racial discrimination. Cottrol explores this remarkable transformation and shows how it is now inspiring civil rights activists throughout the Americas.

Order and Chivalry

Author : Jesús D. Rodríguez-Velasco
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812242122
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Order and Chivalry by : Jesús D. Rodríguez-Velasco

Download or read book Order and Chivalry written by Jesús D. Rodríguez-Velasco and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2010-10-27 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ritual as a strategy for chivalric creation -- Poetics of fraternity -- The presence of the confraternity -- The order of the sash -- Rewriting the order -- Poetics of the chivalric emblem.

Las Siete Partidas, Volume 1

Author : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812217381
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Las Siete Partidas, Volume 1 by : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)

Download or read book Las Siete Partidas, Volume 1 written by Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó) and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Las Siete Partidas, or Seven Divisions, is the major law code of thirteenth-century Spain, compiled by Alfonso X the Learned of Castile. Seven centuries later, this compendium of legal and customary information remains the foundation of modern Spanish law. In addition, its influence is notable in the law of Spain's former colonies, including Texas, California, and Louisiana. The work's extraordinary scope offers unparalleled insight into the social, intellectual, and cultural history of medieval Spain. Built on the armature of a law code, it is in effect an encyclopedia of medieval life. Long out of print, the English translation of Las Siete Partidas—first commissioned in 1931 by the American Bar Association—returns in a superior new edition. Editor and distinguished medieval historian Robert I. Burns, S.J., provides critical historical material in a new general Introduction and extensive introductions to each Partida. Jerry Craddock of the University of California, Berkeley, provides updated bibliographical notes, and Joseph O'Callaghan of Fordham University contributes a section on law in Alfonso's time. Las Siete Partidas is presented in five volumes, each available separately: The Medieval Church, Volume 1: The World of Clerics and Laymen (Partida I) Medieval Government, Volume 2: The World of Kings and Warriors (Partida II) The Medieval World of Law, Volume 3: Lawyers and Their Work (Partida III) Family, Commerce, and the Sea, Volume 4: The Worlds of Women and Merchants (Partidas IV and V) Underworlds, Volume 5: The Dead, the Criminal, and the Marginalized (Partidas VI and VII)

Las Siete Partidas, Volume 2

Author : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 081221739X
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Las Siete Partidas, Volume 2 by : Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó)

Download or read book Las Siete Partidas, Volume 2 written by Alfons X (rei de Castella-Lleó) and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major thirteenth-century Spanish law code whose tenets can still be found in the state laws of California, Texas, and Louisiana.

History of the Indies

Author : Bartolomé de las Casas
Publisher : HarperCollins Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis History of the Indies by : Bartolomé de las Casas

Download or read book History of the Indies written by Bartolomé de las Casas and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1971 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Laws of Las Siete Partidas

Author : Louisiana
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 646 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Laws of Las Siete Partidas by : Louisiana

Download or read book The Laws of Las Siete Partidas written by Louisiana and published by . This book was released on 1820 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Las Siete Partidas, Volume 4

Author : Robert I. Burns, S.J.
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812208552
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Las Siete Partidas, Volume 4 by : Robert I. Burns, S.J.

Download or read book Las Siete Partidas, Volume 4 written by Robert I. Burns, S.J. and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Las Siete Partidas, or Seven Divisions, is the major law code of thirteenth-century Spain, compiled by Alfonso X the Learned of Castile. Seven centuries later, this compendium of legal and customary information remains the foundation of modern Spanish law. In addition, its influence is notable in the law of Spain's former colonies, including Texas, California, and Louisiana. The work's extraordinary scope offers unparalleled insight into the social, intellectual, and cultural history of medieval Spain. Built on the armature of a law code, it is in effect an encyclopedia of medieval life. Long out of print, the English translation of Las Siete Partidas—first commissioned in 1931 by the American Bar Association—returns in a superior new edition. Editor and distinguished medieval historian Robert I. Burns, S.J., provides critical historical material in a new general Introduction and extensive introductions to each Partida. Jerry Craddock of the University of California, Berkeley, provides updated bibliographical notes, and Joseph O'Callaghan of Fordham University contributes a section on law in Alfonso's time. Las Siete Partidas is presented in five volumes, each available separately: The Medieval Church, Volume 1: The World of Clerics and Laymen (Partida I) Medieval Government, Volume 2: The World of Kings and Warriors (Partida II) The Medieval World of Law, Volume 3: Lawyers and Their Work (Partida III) Family, Commerce, and the Sea, Volume 4: The Worlds of Women and Merchants (Partidas IV and V) Underworlds, Volume 5: The Dead, the Criminal, and the Marginalized (Partidas VI and VII)