Landscapes Of Collectivity In The Life Sciences

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Landscapes of Collectivity in the Life Sciences

Author : Snait B. Gissis
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262036851
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Landscapes of Collectivity in the Life Sciences by : Snait B. Gissis

Download or read book Landscapes of Collectivity in the Life Sciences written by Snait B. Gissis and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broad perspective on collectivity in the life sciences, from microorganisms to human consensus, and the theoretical and empirical opportunities and challenges. Many researchers and scholars in the life sciences have become increasingly critical of the traditional methodological focus on the individual. This volume counters such methodological individualism by exploring recent and influential work in the life sciences that utilizes notions of collectivity, sociality, rich interactions, and emergent phenomena as essential explanatory tools to handle numerous persistent scientific questions in the life sciences. The contributors consider case studies of collectivity that range from microorganisms to human consensus, discussing theoretical and empirical challenges and the innovative methods and solutions scientists have devised. The contributors offer historical, philosophical, and biological perspectives on collectivity, and describe collective phenomena seen in insects, the immune system, communication, and human collectivity, with examples ranging from cooperative transport in the longhorn crazy ant to the evolution of autobiographical memory. They examine ways of explaining collectivity, including case studies and modeling approaches, and explore collectivity's explanatory power. They present a comprehensive look at a specific case of collectivity: the Holobiont notion (the idea of a multi-species collective, a host and diverse microorganisms) and the hologenome theory (which posits that the holobiont and its hologenome are a unit of adaption). The volume concludes with reflections on the work of the late physicist Eshel Ben-Jacob, pioneer in the study of collective phenomena in living systems. Contributors Oren Bader, John Beatty, Dinah R. Davison, Daniel Dor, Ofer Feinerman, Raghavendra Gadagkar, Scott F. Gilbert, Snait B. Gissis, Deborah M. Gordon, James Griesemer, Zachariah I. Grochau-Wright, Erik R. Hanschen, Eva Jablonka, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Anat Kolumbus, Ehud Lamm, Herbert Levine, Arnon Levy, Xue-Fei Li, Elisabeth A. Lloyd, Yael Lubin, Eva Maria Luef, Ehud Meron, Richard E. Michod, Samir Okasha, Simone Pika, Joan Roughgarden, Eugene Rosenberg, Ayelet Shavit, Yael Silver, Alfred I. Tauber, Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg

Landscapes of Collectivity in the Life Sciences

Author : Snait B. Gissis
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262342669
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Landscapes of Collectivity in the Life Sciences by : Snait B. Gissis

Download or read book Landscapes of Collectivity in the Life Sciences written by Snait B. Gissis and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broad perspective on collectivity in the life sciences, from microorganisms to human consensus, and the theoretical and empirical opportunities and challenges. Many researchers and scholars in the life sciences have become increasingly critical of the traditional methodological focus on the individual. This volume counters such methodological individualism by exploring recent and influential work in the life sciences that utilizes notions of collectivity, sociality, rich interactions, and emergent phenomena as essential explanatory tools to handle numerous persistent scientific questions in the life sciences. The contributors consider case studies of collectivity that range from microorganisms to human consensus, discussing theoretical and empirical challenges and the innovative methods and solutions scientists have devised. The contributors offer historical, philosophical, and biological perspectives on collectivity, and describe collective phenomena seen in insects, the immune system, communication, and human collectivity, with examples ranging from cooperative transport in the longhorn crazy ant to the evolution of autobiographical memory. They examine ways of explaining collectivity, including case studies and modeling approaches, and explore collectivity's explanatory power. They present a comprehensive look at a specific case of collectivity: the Holobiont notion (the idea of a multi-species collective, a host and diverse microorganisms) and the hologenome theory (which posits that the holobiont and its hologenome are a unit of adaption). The volume concludes with reflections on the work of the late physicist Eshel Ben-Jacob, pioneer in the study of collective phenomena in living systems. Contributors Oren Bader, John Beatty, Dinah R. Davison, Daniel Dor, Ofer Feinerman, Raghavendra Gadagkar, Scott F. Gilbert, Snait B. Gissis, Deborah M. Gordon, James Griesemer, Zachariah I. Grochau-Wright, Erik R. Hanschen, Eva Jablonka, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Anat Kolumbus, Ehud Lamm, Herbert Levine, Arnon Levy, Xue-Fei Li, Elisabeth A. Lloyd, Yael Lubin, Eva Maria Luef, Ehud Meron, Richard E. Michod, Samir Okasha, Simone Pika, Joan Roughgarden, Eugene Rosenberg, Ayelet Shavit, Yael Silver, Alfred I. Tauber, Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg

Cultural Evolution

Author : Kevin McCaffree
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000523225
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultural Evolution by : Kevin McCaffree

Download or read book Cultural Evolution written by Kevin McCaffree and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-03-14 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dawn of social science, theorists have debated how and why societies appear to change, develop and evolve. Today, this question is pursued by scholars across many different disciplines and our understanding of these dynamics has grown markedly. Yet, there remain important areas of disagreement and debate: what is the difference between societal change, development and evolution? What specific aspects of cultures change, develop or evolve and why? Do societies change, develop or evolve in particular ways, perhaps according to cycles, or stages or in response to survival necessities? How do different disciplines—from sociology to anthropology to psychology and economics—approach these questions? This book provides complex and nuanced answers to these, and many other, questions. First, the book invites readers to consider the broad landscape of societal dynamics across human history, beginning with humanity’s origins in small nomadic bands of hunter gatherers through to the emergence of post-industrial democracies. Then, the book provides a tour of several prominent existing theories of cultural change, development and evolution. Approaches to explaining cultural dynamics will be discussed across disciplines and schools of thought, from "meme" theories to established cumulative cultural evolutionary theories to newly emerging theories on cultural tightness-looseness. The book concludes with a call for theoretical integration and a frank discussion of some of the most unexamined structures that drive cultural dynamics across schools of thought.

Systems, Relations, and the Structures of International Societies

Author : Jack Donnelly
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009355171
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Systems, Relations, and the Structures of International Societies by : Jack Donnelly

Download or read book Systems, Relations, and the Structures of International Societies written by Jack Donnelly and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-02 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by recent work in evolutionary, developmental, and systems biology, Systems, Relations, and the Structures of International Societies sketches a robust conception of systems that grounds a new conception of levels (of organization, not merely analysis). Understanding international systems as multi-level multi-actor complex adaptive systems allows explanations of important features of the world that are inaccessible to dominant causal and rationalist explanatory strategies. It also develops a comprehensive critique of IR's dominant conception of systems and structures (narrow, rigid, and unfruitful); presents a novel conception of the interrelationship of the social production of continuities and the social production of change; and sketches models of spatio-political structure that cast new light on the development of international systems, including a distinctive account of the nature of globalization.

Philosophy of Biology Before Biology

Author : Cécilia Bognon-Küss
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317227557
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Biology Before Biology by : Cécilia Bognon-Küss

Download or read book Philosophy of Biology Before Biology written by Cécilia Bognon-Küss and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-02-11 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of the term "biology" to refer to a unified science of life emerged around 1800 (most prominently by scientists such as Lamarck and Treviranus, although scholarship has indicated its usage at least 30-40 years earlier). The interplay between philosophy and natural science has also accompanied the constitution of biology as a science. Philosophy of Biology Before Biology examines biological and protobiological writings from the mid-eighteenth century to the early nineteenth century (from Buffon to Cuvier; Kant to Oken; and Kielmeyer) with two major sets of questions in mind: What were the distinctive conceptual features of the move toward biology as a science? What were the relations and differences between the "philosophical" focus on the nature of living entities, and the "scientific" focus? This insightful volume produces a fresh but also systematic perspective both on the history of biology as a science and on the early versions of, in the 1960s in a post-positivist context, the philosophy of biology. It will appeal to students and researchers interested in fields such as history of science, philosophy of science and biology.

Inter-identities' in Life, Mind, and Society

Author : Arantza Etxeberria
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889711927
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Inter-identities' in Life, Mind, and Society by : Arantza Etxeberria

Download or read book Inter-identities' in Life, Mind, and Society written by Arantza Etxeberria and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Dance of Innovation

Author : Kevin McCaffree
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000545199
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dance of Innovation by : Kevin McCaffree

Download or read book The Dance of Innovation written by Kevin McCaffree and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-06-19 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few of us, amidst our daily chores and responsibilities, consider how mundane infrastructures—from electrical grids to sewage systems—have developed over millennia in ways that enable everything we cherish, from democracy to technological innovation to individual liberty. But what drives the evolution of this infrastructure? And why is infrastructure so critical to human flourishing? In this book, the most innovative and interdisciplinary study of cultural evolution ever produced, new concepts are explored, new histories are brought into contact and new ground-breaking insights are defended. What makes creativity unique in human societies is not only our capacity to generate and modify our diverse individual intuitions about the social and physical world, but also our capacity to form and leave groups fluidly in a dancing rhythm of oscillation across the expanse of history. This book walks the reader carefully through these processes, with clear concepts and an approachable writing style.

Impressionable Biologies

Author : Maurizio Meloni
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135168938X
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Impressionable Biologies by : Maurizio Meloni

Download or read book Impressionable Biologies written by Maurizio Meloni and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the twentieth century, genes were considered the controlling force of life processes, and the transfer of DNA the definitive explanation for biological heredity. Such views shaped the politics of human heredity: in the eugenic era, controlling heredity meant intervening in the distribution of "good" and "bad" genes. However, since the turn of the twenty-first century, this centrality of genes has been challenged by a number of "postgenomic" disciplines. The rise of epigenetics in particular signals a shift from notions of biological fixedness to ideas of plasticity and "impressionability" of biological material. This book investigates a long history of the beliefs about the plasticity of human biology, starting with ancient medicine, and analyses the biopolitical techniques required to govern such permeability. It looks at the emergence of the modern body of biomedicine as a necessary displacement or possibly reconfiguration of earlier plastic views. Finally, it analyses the returning of plasticity to contemporary postgenomic views and argues that postgenomic plasticity is neither a modernistic plasticity of instrumental management of the body nor a postmodernist celebration of potentialities. It is instead a plasticity that disrupts clear boundaries between openness and determination, individual and community, with important implications for notions of risk, responsibility and intervention.

Evolution and Culture

Author : Stephen C. Levinson
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262122782
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (621 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution and Culture by : Stephen C. Levinson

Download or read book Evolution and Culture written by Stephen C. Levinson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twelve original essays examine the symbiotic relation of culture and genome.

Biological Individuality

Author : Scott Lidgard
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022644659X
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Individuality by : Scott Lidgard

Download or read book Biological Individuality written by Scott Lidgard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals are things that everybody knows—or thinks they do. Yet even scholars who practice or analyze the biological sciences often cannot agree on what an individual is and why. One reason for this disagreement is that the many important biological individuality concepts serve very different purposes—defining, classifying, or explaining living structure, function, interaction, persistence, or evolution. Indeed, as the contributors to Biological Individuality reveal, nature is too messy for simple definitions of this concept, organisms too quirky in the diverse ways they reproduce, function, and interact, and human ideas about individuality too fraught with philosophical and historical meaning. Bringing together biologists, historians, and philosophers, this book provides a multifaceted exploration of biological individuality that identifies leading and less familiar perceptions of individuality both past and present, what they are good for, and in what contexts. Biological practice and theory recognize individuals at myriad levels of organization, from genes to organisms to symbiotic systems. We depend on these notions of individuality to address theoretical questions about multilevel natural selection and Darwinian fitness; to illuminate empirical questions about development, function, and ecology; to ground philosophical questions about the nature of organisms and causation; and to probe historical and cultural circumstances that resonate with parallel questions about the nature of society. Charting an interdisciplinary research agenda that broadens the frameworks in which biological individuality is discussed, this book makes clear that in the realm of the individual, there is not and should not be a direct path from biological paradigms based on model organisms through to philosophical generalization and historical reification.

Lamarckism and the Emergence of 'Scientific' Social Sciences in Nineteenth-Century Britain and France

Author : Snait B. Gissis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783031527555
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Lamarckism and the Emergence of 'Scientific' Social Sciences in Nineteenth-Century Britain and France by : Snait B. Gissis

Download or read book Lamarckism and the Emergence of 'Scientific' Social Sciences in Nineteenth-Century Britain and France written by Snait B. Gissis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-03-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents an original synthesizing framework on the relations between ‘the biological’ and ‘the social’. Within these relations, the late nineteenth-century emergence of social sciences aspiring to be constituted as autonomous, as 'scientific' disciplines, is described, analyzed and explained. Through this framework, the author points to conceptual and constructive commonalities conjoining significant founding figures – Lamarck, Spencer, Hughlings Jackson, Ribot, Durkheim, Freud – who were not grouped nor analyzed in this manner before. Thus, the book offers a rather unique synthesis of the interactions of the social, the mental, and the evolutionary biological – Spencerian Lamarckism and/or Neo-Lamarckism – crystallizing into novel fields. It adds substantially to the understanding of the complexities of evolutionary debates during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. It will attract the attention of a wide spectrum of specialists, academics, and postgraduates in European history of the nineteenth century, history and philosophy of science, and history of biology and of the social sciences, including psychology.

Transformations of Lamarckism

Author : Snait Gissis
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262015145
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Transformations of Lamarckism by : Snait Gissis

Download or read book Transformations of Lamarckism written by Snait Gissis and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reappraisal of Lamarckism--its historical impact and contemporary significance.

The Encyclopedia of Land Invertebrate Behaviour

Author : Rod Preston-Mafham
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262161374
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Land Invertebrate Behaviour by : Rod Preston-Mafham

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Land Invertebrate Behaviour written by Rod Preston-Mafham and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Splendidly illustrated from nature, this encyclopedia describes with rigour and grace some of the most complex and bizarre behaviours in the animal world.

Collaboration in the New Life Sciences

Author : Dr Bart Penders
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1409492656
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Collaboration in the New Life Sciences by : Dr Bart Penders

Download or read book Collaboration in the New Life Sciences written by Dr Bart Penders and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-12-28 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years the organisation and practice of collaboration in the life sciences has undergone radical transformations, owing to the advent of big science enterprises, newly developed data gathering and storage technologies, increasing levels of interdisciplinarity, and changing societal expectations for science. Collaboration in the New Life Sciences examines the causes and consequences of changing patterns of scientific collaboration in the life sciences. This book presents an understanding of how and why collaboration in the life sciences is changing and the effects of these changes on scientific knowledge, the work lives and experiences of scientists, social policy and society. Through a series of thematically arranged chapters, it considers the social, technical, and organizational facets of collaboration, addressing not only the rise of new forms of collaboration in the life sciences, but also examining recent developments in two broad research areas: ecology and environment, and the molecular life sciences. With an international team of experts presenting case studies and analyses drawn from the US, UK, Asia and Europe, Collaboration in the New Life Sciences will appeal not only to scholars and students of science and technology studies, but also to those interested in science and social policy, and the sociology of work and organisations.

Dreamers, Visionaries, and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences

Author : Oren Harman
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022656990X
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis Dreamers, Visionaries, and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences by : Oren Harman

Download or read book Dreamers, Visionaries, and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences written by Oren Harman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-07-20 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the conditions that foster true novelty and allow visionaries to set their eyes on unknown horizons? What have been the challenges that have spawned new innovations, and how have they shaped modern biology? In Dreamers, Visionaries, and Revolutionaries in the Life Sciences, editors Oren Harman and Michael R. Dietrich explore these questions through the lives of eighteen exemplary biologists who had grand and often radical ideas that went far beyond the run-of-the-mill science of their peers. From the Frenchman Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, who coined the word “biology” in the early nineteenth century, to the American James Lovelock, for whom the Earth is a living, breathing organism, these dreamers innovated in ways that forced their contemporaries to reexamine comfortable truths. With this collection readers will follow Jane Goodall into the hidden world of apes in African jungles and Francis Crick as he attacks the problem of consciousness. Join Mary Lasker on her campaign to conquer cancer and follow geneticist George Church as he dreams of bringing back woolly mammoths and Neanderthals. In these lives and the many others featured in these pages, we discover visions that were sometimes fantastical, quixotic, and even threatening and destabilizing, but always a challenge to the status quo.

The Complementary Nature

Author : J. A. Scott Kelso
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262112914
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (621 download)

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Book Synopsis The Complementary Nature by : J. A. Scott Kelso

Download or read book The Complementary Nature written by J. A. Scott Kelso and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006-05-05 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the ubiquitous human tendency to polarize—either~or, nature~nurture, body~mind, yin~yang—can be explained in terms of coordination dynamics, a new conception of brain function, and how such polar opposites can be reconciled.

Urban Landscape Perspectives

Author : Giovanni Maciocco
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540767991
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Landscape Perspectives by : Giovanni Maciocco

Download or read book Urban Landscape Perspectives written by Giovanni Maciocco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Landscape Perspectives explores how landscape terminology can be usefully brought into the urban debate. The articles are by scholars who have a particular interest in and experience of the city project at various operative scales. They include theoretical reflections on the landscape as an eminently project-like figure. The book describes new methods and approaches dealing with the contemporary environment, whether it is from the point of view of the city or the landscape.