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Kinetics And Structural Evolution Of Sorbents At High Temperatures Final Report September 1 1994 February 29 1996
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Book Synopsis Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1994--February 29, 1996 by :
Download or read book Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1994--February 29, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this project is on furnace sorbent injection technology using dry calcium-based sorbents for the flue gas desulfurization. The goal is to provide fundamental research kinetics and effects of sorbent properties, aimed at improving SO2 removal and increasing sorbent utilization in a cost-effective manner. The fifth year project work has been carried out in two phases: (1) modified sorbent studies to understand the influence of sorbent modifications (both physical and chemical) on reaction mechanisms, and (2) development of a comprehensive sulfation model to interpret and predict short-time simultaneous calcination, sulfation and sintering processes. This report discusses these two phases of research.
Book Synopsis Legaré's First Poems and His Early Career by : James E. Kibler
Download or read book Legaré's First Poems and His Early Career written by James E. Kibler and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Kinetics and Structural Evolution of Sorbents at High Temperatures. Final Report, September 1, 1992--August 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this project is on furnace sorbent injection technology using dry, calcium-based sorbents for flue gas desulfurization. The goal is to provide fundamental research kinetics and the effects of sorbent properties, aimed at improving SO2 removal and increasing sorbent utilization in a cost-effective fashion. The main focus of the third year work has been to obtain fundamental kinetic data for calcination, sintering and sulfation of calcium hydroxide sorbent. The results, their interpretation, and discussions are the primary focus of this report. Other major portions of this year's work covered in the report include the additions and modifications made to the experimental system, and preliminary results of the studies with modified Ca(OH)2. Most of the reactor system and the analytical and measurement techniques were developed in the second year and formed the necessary framework for realizing the project goal. A few design and experimental constraints necessitated modifications and additions which were made in the beginning of this year. A continuous micro-feeder was built in order to feed very small quantities of sorbent, which is essential to maintain differential conditions with respect to SO2 during sulfation experiments. The particle collection probe was modified with an insulating ceramic cover and cap, in order to reduce its cooling effect and achieve better isothermality within the reactor. A cascade cyclone sampler was added to replace the impactor because the particle loading capacity of the impactor was not sufficient to hold enough powder required for post-reaction analyses.
Book Synopsis Kinetic Studies of Dry Sorbents for Medium Temperature Application. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 by :
Download or read book Kinetic Studies of Dry Sorbents for Medium Temperature Application. Final Report, September 1, 1993--August 31, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this project is to study the fundamental nature of the sorbent reactivity and reaction kinetics in the medium temperature range from 600°F to 1200°F available in the convective pass of a boiler upstream of the economizer, where dry sorbents are injected to remove SO2 from the flue gas. Research focus is on the fundamental mechanisms of sorbent-flue gas interaction under economizer and hot baghouse conditions utilizing the experimental setup and the results of the first three years of research. During the fourth year, the interference of carbonation reaction to sulfation reaction was studied as well as the concentration dependency of the sulfation reaction. The data to date showed that the carbonation did not interfere the sulfation reaction rate for reactions taking place less than 1 second. However, there was significant decrease in carbonation conversion when the sulfation reaction took place simultaneously. The levels of SO2 concentration had negligible effects on reaction rates when the concentration was maintained above 3000 ppM. An n-th order deactivation kinetic model was also developed during the fourth year to model the kinetics of various reactions. This model is particularly useful for the dry sorbent reactions, since the apparent rate constants rapidly decrease during the first 1 second of exposure to various gaseous reactants.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Property and Energy Conversion Technology of Solid Composite Sorbents by : Liwei Wang
Download or read book Property and Energy Conversion Technology of Solid Composite Sorbents written by Liwei Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid chemisorption technology is an effective form of energy conversion for recovering low-grade thermal energy, but limited thermal conductivity and agglomeration phenomena greatly limit its performance. Over the past 20 years, researchers have explored the use of thermal conductive porous matrix to improve heat and mass transfer performance. Their efforts have yielded composite sorption technology, which is now extensively being used in refrigeration, heat pumps, energy storage, and de-NOx applications. This book reviews the latest technological advances regarding composite solid sorbents. Various development methods are introduced and compared, kinetic models are presented, and different cycles are analyzed. Given its scope, the book will benefit experts involved in developing novel materials and cycles for energy conversion, as well as engineers working to develop effective commercialized energy conversion systems based on solid sorption technology
Book Synopsis Reaction Kinetics and Simulation Models for Novel High-temperature Desulfurization Sorbents by :
Download or read book Reaction Kinetics and Simulation Models for Novel High-temperature Desulfurization Sorbents written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A kinetic study of two mixed-metal oxide sorbents (zinc ferrite and zinc titanate) was conducted to obtain kinetic data at the temperatures and pressures typically encountered in coal gasifiers. These sorbents are used to remove H/sub 2/S from the hot coal- derived gases and can be subsequently regenerated for use in a cyclical operation. The qualitative behavior of zinc titanate was found to be quite similar. Sulfidation kinetic rate increased with H/sub 2/S concentration, slightly increased with temperature, increased with pressure at a constant H/sub 2/S mol fraction with pressure at a constant H/sub 2/S partial pressure, and increased with decreasing pellet diameter. The regeneration rates of both zinc ferrite and zinc titanate increased with temperature, O/sub 2/ concentration, and pressure at a constant O/sub 2/ mole fraction. The formation of zinc sulfate was found to be significant during regeneration of zinc ferrite at sufficiently low temperatures, high pressures, and high O/sub 2/ concentrations. Reducing gas concentrations of 65-75% (H/sub 2/ + CO) simulating the output from the Texaco gasifier operated in the oxygen-blown mode were used to assess the impact on sorbent performance. The shrinking core kinetic model was found to fit the experimental data very well. Correlations were made using a priori estimates of all parameters including diffusivity and mass transfer coefficients. Quantitative agreement was best obtained by treating the diffusivity term and/or the mass transfer term as best fit parameters. 22 refs., 69 figs., 18 tabs.
Book Synopsis Summary Report on the Workshop on High Temperature Chemical Kinetics, Applications to Combustion Research by : National Measurement Laboratory (U.S.)
Download or read book Summary Report on the Workshop on High Temperature Chemical Kinetics, Applications to Combustion Research written by National Measurement Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comparison of Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations. United States Versus Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Second Edition. Revised by :
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Book Synopsis Advanced Sorbent Development Program. Annual Report, November 1, 1994--November 30, 1995 by :
Download or read book Advanced Sorbent Development Program. Annual Report, November 1, 1994--November 30, 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objective of this program is to develop regenerable sorbents for hydrogen sulfide removal from coal-derived fuel gases in the temperature range 343--538 C. Two categories of reactor configurations are being considered: fixed-bed/moving-bed reactors and fluidized-bed (bubbling and circulating) reactors. In addition, a cost assessment and a market plan for large-scale fabrication of sorbents will be developed. As an optional task, a long-term bench-scale testing (100 cycles) of the best fixed-bed/moving-bed and fluidized-bed sorbents will be conducted. The sorbents will have chemical characteristics that permit cyclic regeneration over many cycles without a drastic loss of activity. They must also have physical characteristics that are compatible with the selected reactor, e.g., fixed vs fluidized bed, and which remain acceptable during absorption and regeneration. The sorbents must be capable of reducing the hydrogen sulfide level in the fuel gas to less than 20 ppmv in the specified temperature range and pressures in the range of 1 to 20 atmospheres. The proposed program is divided into several tasks: NEPA Report; Sorbent Preparation; Provision of Bench Unit; Bench Testing; Sorbent Cost Assessment; Topical Report; Market Plan; and Long-Term Testing. Progress on each of these is described.
Book Synopsis Biochar for Environmental Management by : Dr. Johannes Lehmann
Download or read book Biochar for Environmental Management written by Dr. Johannes Lehmann and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2009 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biochar is the carbon-rich product when biomass (such as wood, manure, or crop residues) is heated in a closed container with little or no available air. It can be used to improve agriculture and the environment in several ways, and its stability in soil and superior nutrient-retention properties make it an ideal soil amendment to increase crop yields. In addition to this, biochar sequestration, in combination with sustainable biomass production, can be carbon-negative and therefore used to actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, with major implications for mitigation of climate change. Biochar production can also be combined with bioenergy production through the use of the gases that are given off in the pyrolysis process.This book is the first to synthesize the expanding research literature on this topic. The book's interdisciplinary approach, which covers engineering, environmental sciences, agricultural sciences, economics and policy, is a vital tool at this stage of biochar technology development. This comprehensive overview of current knowledge will be of interest to advanced students, researchers and professionals in a wide range of disciplines"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of MN Based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas. Quarterly Report, September--December 1996 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of MN Based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas. Quarterly Report, September--December 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese-based sorbents have been investigated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot coal gases prior to its use in combined cycle turbines. Four formulations of Mn-based sorbents were tested in an ambient-pressure fixed-bed reactor to determine steady state H2S concentrations, breakthrough times and effectiveness of the sorbent when subjected to cyclic sulfidation and regeneration testing. In a previous report, the sulfidation results were presented. Manganese-based sorbents with molar ratios> 1:1 Mn:Substrate were effective in reducing the H2S concentration in simulated coal gases to less than 100 ppmv over five cycles. Actual breakthrough time for formulation C6-2-1100 was as high as 73% of breakthrough time based on wt% Mn in sorbent. In this report, the regeneration results will be presented. Regeneration tests determined that loaded pellets can be fully regenerated in air/steam mixture at 750°C with minimal sulfate formation. 16 refs., 9 figs., 5 tabs.
Book Synopsis Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Report, September 15 - December 15, 1996 by :
Download or read book Kinetics of Mn-based Sorbents for Hot Coal Gas Desulfurization. Quarterly Report, September 15 - December 15, 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese-based sorbents have been investigated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (the primary sulfur bearing compound) from hot coal gases prior to its use in combined cycle turbines. Four formulations of Mn-based sorbents were tested in an ambient-pressure fixed-bed reactor to determine steady state H2S concentrations, breakthrough times and effectiveness of the sorbent when subjected to cyclic sulfidation and regeneration testing. In a previous report, the sulfidation results were presented. Manganese-based sorbents with molar ratios> 1:1 Mn:Substrate were effective in reducing the H2S concentration in simulated coal gases to less than 100 ppmv over five cycles. Actual breakthrough time for formulation C6-2-1100 was as high as 73% of breakthrough time based on wt% Mn in sorbent. In this report, the regeneration results will be presented. Regeneration tests determined that loaded pellets can be fully regenerated in air/steam mixture at 750°C with minimal sulfate formation. 16 refs., 9 figs., 5 tabs.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater by : American Public Health Association
Download or read book Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater written by American Public Health Association and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Engineering and Design by : Us Army Corps Of Engineers
Download or read book Engineering and Design written by Us Army Corps Of Engineers and published by Military Bookshop. This book was released on 2002-06-01 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual provides practical guidance for the design and operation of soil vapor extraction (SVE) and bioventing (BV) systems. It is intended for use by engineers, geologists, hydrogeologists, and soil scientists, chemists, project managers, and others who possess a technical education and some design experience but only the broadest familiarity with SVE or BV systems.
Book Synopsis Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments by : Cecily M. Grzywacz
Download or read book Monitoring for Gaseous Pollutants in Museum Environments written by Cecily M. Grzywacz and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2006-09-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on passive sampling, this volume focuses on the environmental monitoring for common gaseous pollutants. It offers an overview of the history and nature of pollutants of concern to museums and the challenges facing scientists, conservators, and managers seeking to develop target pollutant guidelines to protect cultural property.
