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Just War Theory And Civilian Casualties
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Book Synopsis Just War Theory and Civilian Casualties by : Marcus Schulzke
Download or read book Just War Theory and Civilian Casualties written by Marcus Schulzke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the inadequacies of just war theory and international law regarding civilian rights, developing new principles of individual restorative justice.
Book Synopsis Civilian Immunity in War by : Igor Primoratz
Download or read book Civilian Immunity in War written by Igor Primoratz and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-10-04 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The protection of noncombatants from deadly violence is the centrepiece of any account of ethical and legal constraints on war. It was a major achievement of moral progress from early modern times to World War I. Yet it has been under constant attrition since - perhaps never more so than in our time, with its 'new wars', the spectre of weapons of mass destruction, and the global terrorism alert. Civilian Immunity in War, written in collaboration by eleven authors, provides the first comprehensive analysis of all main aspects of this highly topical subject. It considers the arguments for rejection of civilian immunity and the main theories of the grounds and proper scope of this immunity, both deontological (just war theory) and consequentialist. Separate chapters examine the historical development of the idea of civilian immunity, its standing in current international law, and the problem of "collateral damage": of harming civilians without intent, as a side-effect of attacks on military targets. The volume also addresses a string of specific issues. Civilian immunity has undergone much attrition with the development of air warfare and the tendency of military conflict to degenerate into "total" war. On the other hand, modern military technology with its precision guidance missiles and "smart" bombs opens up the possibility of restricting deadly violence to its proper targets and staying clear of civilian life, limb, and property. Another pressing issue is the fate of women in war in light of mass rapes characteristic of some 'new wars'.
Book Synopsis Civilian Victims in War by : Alan L. Grey
Download or read book Civilian Victims in War written by Alan L. Grey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The status of the civilian today is that of a calculated casualty, to die immediately or after agonizing suffering. The civilian is also a hostage in the political power struggle, since his continued safety depends upon the decision or even impulse of his leaders. This is true if he is a citizen of a major power, or if he lives elsewhere in unstable social and political environments. Hartigan's book is a unique effort to deal with a mass, but hidden problem: the status of the civilian non-combatant in conditions of armed conflict.Civilian Victims in War fills the gaps in our knowledge of the origins of civilian immunity, so that a full evaluation of the principle's continued worth may be made. The book reviews the concepts of noncombatants, civilian immunity, how it arose from need and intuition and developed into legal practice. The volume focuses on the development of this concept in the Western tradition, not because civilian immunity was absent in Asia or Africa, but because its present formulation owes its origin and elaboration to European custom, practice, and thought.Civilian Victims in War is the first book to deal with the central theme of the innocent non-combatant. Hartigan seeks to pursue this subject in greater depth, and asks the intelligent layman to reconsider his or her options in the face of modern warfare. He touches on many subjects in this work which will spark interest with the general public and policy personnel, those who should recognize themselves as civilians and see this book as their tragic history.
Book Synopsis Civilian Victims in War by : Richard Shelly Hartigan
Download or read book Civilian Victims in War written by Richard Shelly Hartigan and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published: The forgotten victim. Chicago: Precedent Pub., 1982.
Download or read book Just War Theory written by Mark Evans and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a stimulating discussion of, and introduction to, just war theory.
Download or read book Innocent Civilians written by C. McKeogh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2002-04-15 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is it that soldiers may be killed in war but civilians may not be killed? By tracing the evolution of the principle of non-combatant immunity in Western thought from its medieval religious origins to its modern legal status, Colm McKeogh attempts to answer this question. In doing so he highlights the unsuccessful attempts to reconcile warfare with our civilization's most fundamental principles of justice.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Just War by : Tamar Meisels
Download or read book Contemporary Just War written by Tamar Meisels and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-18 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a renewed defense of traditional just war theory and considers its application to certain contemporary cases, particularly in the Middle East. The first part of the book addresses and responds to the central theoretical criticisms levelled at traditional just war theory. It offers a detailed defense of civilian immunity, the moral equality of soldiers and the related dichotomy between jus ad bellum and jus in bello, and argues that these principles taken together amount to a morally coherent ethics of war. In this sense this project is traditional (or "orthodox"). In another sense, however, it is highly relevant to the modern world. While the first part of the book defends the just war tradition against its revisionist critics, the second part applies it to an array of timely issues: civil war, economic warfare, excessive harm to civilians, pre-emptive military strikes, and state-sponsored assassination, which require applying just war theory in practice. This book sets out to reaffirm the basic tenets of the traditional ethics of war and to lend them further moral support, subsequently applying them to a variety of practical issues. This book will be of great interest to students of just war theory, ethics, security studies, war and conflict studies, and IR in general.
Book Synopsis Michael Walzer's Just War Theory by : Elena Mertel
Download or read book Michael Walzer's Just War Theory written by Elena Mertel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-09-30 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Sociology - War and Peace, Military, grade: 8,0, University of Groningen, course: Theories of International Relations, language: English, abstract: Michael Walzer’s "Just and Unjust War" from 1977 is considered a major work in traditional Just War Theory. Many of his assumptions are still the basis for modern warfare considerations. However, the author suggest that Walzer’s concept of jus in bello (the conduct of war) needs further revision, especially to provide an appropriate notion of combatants. In this respect, the theoretical conception of soldiers will be examined on three different levels of analysis. These include the combatants' contradictory responsibilities in jus ad bellum (the justification for war), jus in bello and the debate on the value of a soldier's life. Firstly, the contradictory role of combatants' responsibilities in jus ad bellum and jus in bello by referring to Graham Parsons' criticism on the dualism of Just War Theory will be outlined. Then, the author elaborates on Walzer's claim that all soldiers are morally equal. The following critical analysis of the value of combatants' lives as individual human beings will further demonstrate the need for a revised perception of combatants in modern warfare and point out why Walzer's assumptions are insufficient. While the role of civilians and their need for protection has developed over time and even restrictions for cruel methods of killing were introduced, the status of soldiers has basically remained the same. In this work the author arugues that striving toward more just warfare also requires reconsidering the highly inhumane status of soldiers in traditional approaches.
Download or read book Sparing Civilians written by Seth Lazar and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Killing civilians is worse than killing soldiers. Few moral principles have been more widely and viscerally affirmed. But in recent years it has faced a rising tide of dissent. Seth Lazar aims to turn this tide, and to vindicate international law. He develops new insights into the morality of harm, relevant to everyone interested in the debate.
Book Synopsis Peacekeeping and the Just War Tradition by : Tony Pfaff
Download or read book Peacekeeping and the Just War Tradition written by Tony Pfaff and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major Tony Pfaff, a former Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the United States Military Academy, addresses an important source of much of the confusion that currently surrounds many of the Operations Other Than War (OOTW) that the military finds itself participating in with increasing frequency. The author points out that, though the source of this confusion is primarily ethical, it has important operational implications as well. In the Just War Tradition, as well as the Law of War, there has always been a tension between winning and fighting well, and the peacekeeping environment does not change this. Commonly, the resolution of this tension is expressed in the maxim: always use the least amount of force necessary to achieve the military objective. This maxim applies, regardless of what environment one is in. The author's contention is, however, that the understanding of necessary is radically different in the peacekeeping environment than it is in more conventional operations. Failure to understand this results in a great deal of confusion as soldiers try to apply an ethic designed for dealing with enemies in environments where there are none.
Download or read book Contingent Pacifism written by Larry May and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-27 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first major philosophical treatment of contingent pacifism, offering an account of pacifism from the just war tradition.
Download or read book On War written by Carl von Clausewitz and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Killing in War written by Jeff McMahan and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-04-23 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Killing a person is in general among the most seriously wrongful forms of action, yet most of us accept that it can be permissible to kill people on a large scale in war. Does morality become more permissive in a state of war? Jeff McMahan argues that conditions in war make no difference to what morality permits and the justifications for killing people are the same in war as they are in other contexts, such as individual self-defence. This view is radically at odds with the traditional theory of the just war and has implications that challenge common sense views. McMahan argues, for example, that it is wrong to fight in a war that is unjust because it lacks a just cause.
Book Synopsis Ethics of Armed Conflict by : John W. Lango
Download or read book Ethics of Armed Conflict written by John W. Lango and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-29 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just war theory exists to stop armies and countries from using armed force without good cause. But how can we judge whether a war is just? In this original book, John W. Lango takes some distinctive approaches to the ethics of armed conflict. DT A revisionist approach that involves generalising traditional just war principles, so that they are applicable by all sorts of responsible agents to all forms of armed conflict DT A cosmopolitan approach that features the Security Council DT A preventive approach that emphasises alternatives to armed force, including negotiation, nonviolent action and peacekeeping missions DT A human rights approach that encompasses not only armed humanitarian intervention but also armed invasion, armed revolution and all other forms of armed conflict Lango shows how these can be applied to all forms of armed conflict, however large or small: from interstate wars to UN peacekeeping missions, and from civil wars counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations.
Author :Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops Publisher :USCCB Publishing ISBN 13 :9781555867058 Total Pages :64 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (67 download)
Book Synopsis The Harvest of Justice is Sown in Peace by : Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops
Download or read book The Harvest of Justice is Sown in Peace written by Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops and published by USCCB Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issued in commemoration of the tenth anniversary of the pastoral letter The Challenge of Peace: God's Promise and Our Response.
Book Synopsis Moral Constraints on War by : Bruno Coppieters
Download or read book Moral Constraints on War written by Bruno Coppieters and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2008-06-27 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Moral Constraints on War offers a principle-by-principle presentation of the trans-cultural roots of the ethics of war in an age defined by the increasingly international nature of military intervention. Parts one and two trace the evolution of Just War Theory, analyzing the principles of jus ad bellum and jus in bello: the principles that determine under what conditions a war may be started and then conducted. Each chapter provides a historical background of the principle under discussion, an explanation of the principle, and numerous historical examples of its application. In Part three, case studies apply the theories discussed to NATO's humanitarian mission in Kosovo, terrorism and the Iraq War. Bringing together an international coterie of philosophers and political scientists, this accessible and practical guide offers students of military ethics and international relations rich, up-to-the-minute insight into the pluralistic character of Just War Theory.
Book Synopsis Targeting Civilians in War by : Alexander B. Downes
Download or read book Targeting Civilians in War written by Alexander B. Downes and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accidental harm to civilians in warfare often becomes an occasion for public outrage, from citizens of both the victimized and the victimizing nation. In this vitally important book on a topic of acute concern for anyone interested in military strategy, international security, or human rights, Alexander B. Downes reminds readers that democratic and authoritarian governments alike will sometimes deliberately kill large numbers of civilians as a matter of military strategy. What leads governments to make such a choice? Downes examines several historical cases: British counterinsurgency tactics during the Boer War, the starvation blockade used by the Allies against Germany in World War I, Axis and Allied bombing campaigns in World War II, and ethnic cleansing in the Palestine War. He concludes that governments decide to target civilian populations for two main reasons—desperation to reduce their own military casualties or avert defeat, or a desire to seize and annex enemy territory. When a state's military fortunes take a turn for the worse, he finds, civilians are more likely to be declared legitimate targets to coerce the enemy state to give up. When territorial conquest and annexation are the aims of warfare, the population of the disputed land is viewed as a threat and the aggressor state may target those civilians to remove them. Democracies historically have proven especially likely to target civilians in desperate circumstances. In Targeting Civilians in War, Downes explores several major recent conflicts, including the 1991 Persian Gulf War and the American-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. Civilian casualties occurred in each campaign, but they were not the aim of military action. In these cases, Downes maintains, the achievement of quick and decisive victories against overmatched foes allowed democracies to win without abandoning their normative beliefs by intentionally targeting civilians. Whether such "restraint" can be guaranteed in future conflicts against more powerful adversaries is, however, uncertain. During times of war, democratic societies suffer tension between norms of humane conduct and pressures to win at the lowest possible costs. The painful lesson of Targeting Civilians in War is that when these two concerns clash, the latter usually prevails.
