Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk

Download Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317915836
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk by : Ra Mason

Download or read book Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk written by Ra Mason and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-29 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North Korea’s contemporary relations with Japan have been fraught with tension. Tactics employed by Pyongyang have included abductions of Japanese citizens, missile launches over Japanese territory, intrusions into Japanese sovereign waters, and nuclear tests in defiance of Japanese and international condemnation. In light of the security risk the DPRK poses, this book examines how the state, market, and society in Japan have framed North Korea as a salient evil, and have in turn constructed and manipulated the risks posed by their neighbour. Using the example of Japan’s post-Cold War responses to North Korea, this book studies the concept of risk in international relations, and its interactive relationship with domestic civil society. It focuses on how security risks are identified and re-evaluated by policy makers, mass media, and civil society stakeholders, and in doing so disentangles the complex processes by which Japan has framed and recalibrated risks in response to the DPRK. By exploring how risks identified with Pyongyang’s behaviour towards Japan have been mediated between the state, market, and society via mainstream discourse in Japan, Ra Mason highlights the way in which these processes are causally linked to key actors’ conceptions of risk. Indeed, this book provides an original theoretical framework – distinguishing between risk and traditional threat perceptions – through which to address issues of national security and identity, as well as the norms which inform them. Japan’s Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk will be welcomed by students and scholars across a wide range of fields including Japanese politics, Asia-Pacific studies, international relations, and security studies.

Regional Risk and Security in Japan

Download Regional Risk and Security in Japan PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317584864
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Regional Risk and Security in Japan by : Glenn D. Hook

Download or read book Regional Risk and Security in Japan written by Glenn D. Hook and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan’s unusual position in the realm of international politics encapsulates a three-fold juxtaposition: both in and out of Asia, both occupied by and a close ally of the United States, and both a key trade partner and a strategic rival of China. Whilst international relations theory offers a number of ways to analyse these relations, this book instead utilizes the concept of risk to provide an innovative perspective on Japan’s relations with China, North Korea and the US. The book elucidates how risk, potential harm and harm are faced disproportionately by certain groups in society. This is demonstrated by providing an empirically rich analysis of the domestic implications of security relations with China, North Korea and the United States through the presence of US troops in Okinawa. Beginning with a theoretical discussion of risk, it goes on to demonstrate how the concept of risk adds value to the study of international relations in three senses. First, the concept helps to break down the boundaries between the international and domestic. Second, the focus on risk and the everyday directs us to ask basic questions about the costs and benefits of a security policy meant to secure the national population. Third, what implications do these two points have for governance? The question is one of governance as Japan’s externally oriented security policy produces domestic insecurity shared disproportionately, not equally, as this volume makes clear. Developing the theory of risk as a tool for understanding international relations, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of Asian politics, Japanese politics, international relations and security studies, as well as to policy makers and practitioners working in the field.

Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk

Download Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317915828
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk by : Ra Mason

Download or read book Japan's Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk written by Ra Mason and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-29 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North Korea’s contemporary relations with Japan have been fraught with tension. Tactics employed by Pyongyang have included abductions of Japanese citizens, missile launches over Japanese territory, intrusions into Japanese sovereign waters, and nuclear tests in defiance of Japanese and international condemnation. In light of the security risk the DPRK poses, this book examines how the state, market, and society in Japan have framed North Korea as a salient evil, and have in turn constructed and manipulated the risks posed by their neighbour. Using the example of Japan’s post-Cold War responses to North Korea, this book studies the concept of risk in international relations, and its interactive relationship with domestic civil society. It focuses on how security risks are identified and re-evaluated by policy makers, mass media, and civil society stakeholders, and in doing so disentangles the complex processes by which Japan has framed and recalibrated risks in response to the DPRK. By exploring how risks identified with Pyongyang’s behaviour towards Japan have been mediated between the state, market, and society via mainstream discourse in Japan, Ra Mason highlights the way in which these processes are causally linked to key actors’ conceptions of risk. Indeed, this book provides an original theoretical framework – distinguishing between risk and traditional threat perceptions – through which to address issues of national security and identity, as well as the norms which inform them. Japan’s Relations with North Korea and the Recalibration of Risk will be welcomed by students and scholars across a wide range of fields including Japanese politics, Asia-Pacific studies, international relations, and security studies.

Risk State

Download Risk State PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317062760
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Risk State by : Sebastian Maslow

Download or read book Risk State written by Sebastian Maslow and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increase of new complex security challenges and the heightening significance of a diverse array of actors has simultaneously posed a challenge to traditional perspectives on international relations and foreign policy and created an opportunity for new concepts to be applied. Conventional explanations of Japan’s foreign policy have provided us with theoretically predetermined understandings and fallacious predictions. Reformulating risk in its application to the study of international relations and foreign policy, this volume promises new insights into the analysis of contemporary foreign policy in East Asia and Japan’s post-Cold War international relations in particular.

ASEAN and Regional Actors in the Indo-Pacific

Download ASEAN and Regional Actors in the Indo-Pacific PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819940206
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis ASEAN and Regional Actors in the Indo-Pacific by : Sueo Sudo

Download or read book ASEAN and Regional Actors in the Indo-Pacific written by Sueo Sudo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-27 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the shifting regional geopolitical engagements and development of rearranged connections emerging among ASEAN and non-ASEAN actors. First, the book focuses on the crucial discourse surrounding the Indo-Pacific region, including its challenges, continuity, and relevance. The discussion highlights the growing influence of regional actors such as India, Thailand, Japan, and the US, particularly in the context of a pressing question of collaboration versus containment amidst China’s rise. The book delves into various topics, such as geopolitical anxieties, economic strength, foreign policy, international relations, development, and security promotion in South and Southeast Asia, through the lenses of ASEAN centrality and the Indo-Pacific strategy. Second, the volume emphasizes on the escalating tensions and the worsening crises in the region that cause major anxieties and the subsequent realignment and new alignment of countries’ relationships. Among several chapters of the volume, a large Indo-China state, Myanmar, takes a special place in the book’s discussions as it has grown as an important ground for a resource/energy race among geopolitically strategic partners. Additionally, Myanmar has the potential to become a balancer in ASEAN. Therefore, any positive development and change in course of relations to Myanmar, particularly with its neighbors, Japan, and Russia, in both historical and contemporary contexts, can have a significant impact not only on Myanmar’s course towards peace, democracy, and security, but also regional stability. The editors and contributors examine the unique position of ASEAN, with a focus on ASEAN centrality as a platform for addressing anxieties and building relationships to bridge the gap between world and regional players, including both friends and foes. Overall, the volume provides valuable insights into the Indo-Pacific region’s complex dynamics, including cooperation and collaboration among regional actors for long-term stability and prosperity. The interdisciplinary composition of the book invites readers from various backgrounds to engage with constructive debates on general perception, contextual discussion, and the highlights of engaged research from local and international perspectives.

Japan’s Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power

Download Japan’s Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811361908
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Japan’s Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power by : Victor Teo

Download or read book Japan’s Arduous Rejuvenation as a Global Power written by Victor Teo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book assesses the profound impact of Japan’s aspirations to become a great power on Japanese security, democracy and foreign relations. Rather than viewing the process of normalization and rejuvenation as two decades of remilitarization in face of rapidly changing strategic environment and domestic political circumstances, this volume contextualizes Japan’s contemporary international relations against the longer grain of Japanese historical interactions. It demonstrates that policies and statecraft in the Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s era are a continuation of a long, unbroken and arduous effort by successive generations of leaders to preserve Japanese autonomy, enhance security and advance Japanese national interests. Arguing against the notion that Japan cannot work with China as long as the US-Japan alliance is in place, the book suggests that Tokyo could forge constructive relations with Beijing by engaging China in joint projects in and outside of the Asia-Pacific in issue areas such as infrastructure development or in the provision of international public goods. It also submits that an improvement in Japan-China relations would enhance rather than detract Japan-US relations and that Tokyo will find that her new found autonomy in the US-Japan alliance would not only accord her more political respect and strategic latitude, but also allow her to ameliorate the excesses of American foreign policy adventurism, paving for her to become a truly normal great power.

Popular Culture and the Transformation of Japan-Korea Relations

Download Popular Culture and the Transformation of Japan-Korea Relations PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780367520250
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Popular Culture and the Transformation of Japan-Korea Relations by :

Download or read book Popular Culture and the Transformation of Japan-Korea Relations written by and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-29 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents essays exploring ways in which popular culture reflects ongoing changes in Japan-Korea relations. From the colonial to the contemporary, it taps into conflicts over historical memories and cultural production, challenges to state ideology, and consequences of digital technology.

Engaging North Korea

Download Engaging North Korea PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781932728927
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (289 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Engaging North Korea by : Stephan Haggard

Download or read book Engaging North Korea written by Stephan Haggard and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph reviews the efficacy of economic statecraft vis- -vis North Korea, with a particular focus on the use of sanctions and inducements on the part of the United States in seeking to achieve nonproliferation and wider foreign policy objectives. Two structural constraints operate: North Korea's particularly repressive state, with a narrowing governing coalition; and the country's changing economic relations. As an empirical matter, there is little evidence that sanctions had effect, or did so only in conjunction with inducements. However, inducements did not yield significant results either, in part because of severe credibility and sequencing problems in the negotiations.

Crisis Narratives, Institutional Change, and the Transformation of the Japanese State

Download Crisis Narratives, Institutional Change, and the Transformation of the Japanese State PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 1438486103
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (384 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Crisis Narratives, Institutional Change, and the Transformation of the Japanese State by : Sebastian Maslow

Download or read book Crisis Narratives, Institutional Change, and the Transformation of the Japanese State written by Sebastian Maslow and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mired in national crises since the early 1990s, Japan has had to respond to a rapid population decline; the Asian and global financial crises; the 2011 triple disaster of earthquake, tsunami, and the Fukushima nuclear meltdown; the COVID-19 pandemic; China’s economic rise; threats from North Korea; and massive public debt. In Crisis Narratives, Institutional Change, and the Transformation of the Japanese State, established specialists in a variety of areas use a coherent set of methodologies, aligning their sociological, public policy, and political science and international relations perspectives, to account for discrepancies between official rhetoric and policy practice and actual perceptions of decline and crisis in contemporary Japan. Each chapter focuses on a distinct policy field to gauge the effectiveness and the implications of political responses through an analysis of how crises are narrated and used to justify policy interventions. Transcending boundaries between issue areas and domestic and international politics, these essays paint a dynamic picture of the contested but changing nature of social, economic, and, ultimately political institutions as they constitute the transforming Japanese state.

Global China

Download Global China PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815739176
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global China by : Tarun Chhabra

Download or read book Global China written by Tarun Chhabra and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-06-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global implications of China's rise as a global actor In 2005, a senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the hope that China would emerge as a “responsible stakeholder” on the world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a “strategic competitor” whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just a “rising” power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade, from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the implications of China's new status, both for American policy and for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies, technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security; China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope, and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for the United States and the rest of the world.

Famine in North Korea

Download Famine in North Korea PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231140002
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Famine in North Korea by : Stephan Haggard

Download or read book Famine in North Korea written by Stephan Haggard and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In their carefully researched book, Stephan Haggard and Marcus Noland present the most comprehensive account of the famine to date, examining not only the origins and aftermath of the crisis but also the regime's response to outside aid and the effect of its current policies on the country's economic future. Their study begins by considering the root causes of the famine, weighing the effects of the decline in the availability of food against its poor distribution. Then it takes a close look at the aid effort, addressing the difficulty of monitoring assistance within the country, and concludes with an analysis of current economic reforms and strategies of engagement."--BOOK JACKET.

Escape from North Korea

Download Escape from North Korea PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Encounter Books
ISBN 13 : 1594037329
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Escape from North Korea by : Melanie Kirkpatrick

Download or read book Escape from North Korea written by Melanie Kirkpatrick and published by Encounter Books. This book was released on 2014-05-13 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the world’s most repressive state comes rare good news: the escape to freedom of a small number of its people. It is a crime to leave North Korea. Yet increasing numbers of North Koreans dare to flee. They go first to neighboring China, which rejects them as criminals, then on to Southeast Asia or Mongolia, and finally to South Korea, the United States, and other free countries. They travel along a secret route known as the new underground railroad. With a journalist’s grasp of events and a novelist’s ear for narrative, Melanie Kirkpatrick tells the story of the North Koreans’ quest for liberty. Travelers on the new underground railroad include women bound to Chinese men who purchased them as brides, defectors carrying state secrets, and POWs from the Korean War held captive in the North for more than half a century. Their conductors are brokers who are in it for the money as well as Christians who are in it to serve God. The Christians see their mission as the liberation of North Korea one person at a time. Just as escaped slaves from the American South educated Americans about the evils of slavery, the North Korean fugitives are informing the world about the secretive country they fled. Escape from North Korea describes how they also are sowing the seeds for change within North Korea itself. Once they reach sanctuary, the escapees channel news back to those they left behind. In doing so, they are helping to open their information-starved homeland, exposing their countrymen to liberal ideas, and laying the intellectual groundwork for the transformation of the totalitarian regime that keeps their fellow citizens in chains.

Significant Soil

Download Significant Soil PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684175526
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Significant Soil by : Emer O'Dwyer

Download or read book Significant Soil written by Emer O'Dwyer and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Like all empires, Japan’s prewar empire encompassed diverse territories as well as a variety of political forms for governing such spaces. This book focuses on Japan’s Kwantung Leasehold and Railway Zone in China’s three northeastern provinces. The hybrid nature of the leasehold’s political status vis-à-vis the metropole, the presence of the semipublic and enormously powerful South Manchuria Railway Company, and the region’s vulnerability to inter-imperial rivalries, intra-imperial competition, and Chinese nationalism throughout the first decades of the twentieth century combined to give rise to a distinctive type of settler politics. Settlers sought inclusion within a broad Japanese imperial sphere while successfully utilizing the continental space as a site for political and social innovation.In this study, Emer O’Dwyer traces the history of Japan’s prewar Manchurian empire over four decades, mapping how South Manchuria—and especially its principal city, Dairen—was naturalized as a Japanese space and revealing how this process ultimately contributed to the success of the Japanese army’s early 1930s takeover of Manchuria. Simultaneously, Significant Soil demonstrates the conditional nature of popular support for Kwantung Army state-building in Manchukuo, highlighting the settlers’ determination that the Kwantung Leasehold and Railway Zone remain separate from the project of total empire."

The Paradox of Power

Download The Paradox of Power PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9780160915734
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (157 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Paradox of Power by : David C. Gompert

Download or read book The Paradox of Power written by David C. Gompert and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2020 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second half of the 20th century featured a strategic competition between the United States and the Soviet Union. That competition avoided World War III in part because during the 1950s, scholars like Henry Kissinger, Thomas Schelling, Herman Kahn, and Albert Wohlstetter analyzed the fundamental nature of nuclear deterrence. Decades of arms control negotiations reinforced these early notions of stability and created a mutual understanding that allowed U.S.-Soviet competition to proceed without armed conflict. The first half of the 21st century will be dominated by the relationship between the United States and China. That relationship is likely to contain elements of both cooperation and competition. Territorial disputes such as those over Taiwan and the South China Sea will be an important feature of this competition, but both are traditional disputes, and traditional solutions suggest themselves. A more difficult set of issues relates to U.S.-Chinese competition and cooperation in three domains in which real strategic harm can be inflicted in the current era: nuclear, space, and cyber. Just as a clearer understanding of the fundamental principles of nuclear deterrence maintained adequate stability during the Cold War, a clearer understanding of the characteristics of these three domains can provide the underpinnings of strategic stability between the United States and China in the decades ahead. That is what this book is about.

Asia-Pacific Rebalance 2025

Download Asia-Pacific Rebalance 2025 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442259175
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Asia-Pacific Rebalance 2025 by : Michael Green

Download or read book Asia-Pacific Rebalance 2025 written by Michael Green and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2015, Congress tasked the Department of Defense to commission an independent assessment of U.S. military strategy and force posture in the Asia-Pacific, as well as that of U.S. allies and partners, over the next decade. This CSIS study fulfills that congressional requirement. The authors assess U.S. progress to date and recommend initiatives necessary to protect U.S. interests in the Pacific Command area of responsibility through 2025. Four lines of effort are highlighted: (1) Washington needs to continue aligning Asia strategy within the U.S. government and with allies and partners; (2) U.S. leaders should accelerate efforts to strengthen ally and partner capability, capacity, resilience, and interoperability; (3) the United States should sustain and expand U.S. military presence in the Asia-Pacific region; and (4) the United States should accelerate development of innovative capabilities and concepts for U.S. forces.

Confronting Security Challenges on the Korean Peninsula

Download Confronting Security Challenges on the Korean Peninsula PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781984056450
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (564 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Confronting Security Challenges on the Korean Peninsula by : Marine Corps Press

Download or read book Confronting Security Challenges on the Korean Peninsula written by Marine Corps Press and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-01-21 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Korean Peninsula was and is in a state of flux.More than 60 years after the war that left the country divided, the policies and unpredictability of the North Korean regime, in conjunction with the U.S. alliance with South Korea and the involvement of China in the area, leave the situation there one of the most capricious on the globe. Confronting Security Challenges on the Korean Peninsula presents the opinions from experts on the subject matter from the policy, military, and academic communities. Drawn from talks at a conference in September 2010 at Marine Corps University, the papers explore the enduring security challenges, the state of existing political and military relationships, the economic implications of unification, and the human rights concerns within North and South Korea. They also reiterate the importance for the broader East Asia region of peaceful resolution of the Korean issues.

The Military Balance 2022

Download The Military Balance 2022 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000619729
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Military Balance 2022 by : The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)

Download or read book The Military Balance 2022 written by The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published each year since 1959, The Military Balance is an indispensable reference to the capabilities of armed forces across the globe. It is used by academia, the media, armed forces, the private sector and government. It is an open-source assessment of the military forces and equipment inventories of 171 countries, with accompanying defence economics and procurement data. Alongside detailed country data, The Military Balance assesses important defence issues, by region, as well as key global trends, such as in defence technology and equipment modernisation. This analysis is accompanied by full-colour graphics, including maps and illustrations. With extensive explanatory notes and reference information, The Military Balance is as straightforward to use as it is extensive. The 2022 edition is accompanied by a fullcolour wall chart illustrating security dynamics in the Arctic.