Iraq and Gertrude Bell's The Arab of Mesopotamia

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Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1461633664
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (616 download)

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Book Synopsis Iraq and Gertrude Bell's The Arab of Mesopotamia by : Paul J. Rich

Download or read book Iraq and Gertrude Bell's The Arab of Mesopotamia written by Paul J. Rich and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2008-02-19 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gertrude Bell was one of a select group of Western Arabists who helped create the modern Middle East. She was arguably the single most influential individual in Iraq when the British attempted in the aftermath of World War I to create a nation out of regions that had long been different provinces of the Ottoman Empire. She was called upon to produce this succinct but insightful volume as a guide for the military officers and civil servants who were attempting to create an Iraqi government. A long dispute over whether the volume was actually written by her is settled in Dr. Paul Rich's introduction. It not only was written by Bell, but the reader can see in what she choose to emphasize just what her own views on the course that the development of Iraq should take. Unfortunately Bell's dreams of a successful outcome for Iraq in the aftermath of the war floundered, partly because of the ineptitude of the occupiers but partly too because of the irreconcilable factions that today, so many years later, remain an overwhelming obstacle to peace. Broken in spirit, Bell took her own life and joined Lawrence of Arabia in what is a pantheon of romantic if disillusioned admirers of the Arab lands.

The Arab of Mesopotamia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781633913660
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis The Arab of Mesopotamia by : Gertrude Bell

Download or read book The Arab of Mesopotamia written by Gertrude Bell and published by . This book was released on 2016-07-12 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One very determined woman incontestably held her own and more with the great figures of the Middle East in the early twentieth century. That was Gertrude Bell. Highly strung, petulant, aggressive, and gossipy, she occasionally provided tea but rarely sympathy to the extraordinary group of British imperial administrators whose adventures centered on Basra at the head of the Gulf in 1914-1916. Not enough has been made of the Barra cabal as a group rather than individuals. Nor have the machinations of the 'Basra gang' had the attention given to figures such as Lawrence of Arabia and General Allenby, individuals who when all is said and done were not deeply involved in Gulf and Iraqi affairs. The Arab of Mesopotamia is a collection of once confidential briefing papers that Bell helped to produce for British army officers new to the Mesopotamian theater, published in Basra by a military printer. The tone confirms views that Gertrude Bell and her colleagues were interested in the possibility of playing on the world stage and wanted quiet in the shaikhdoms while they pursued notions of a Middle East empire that would rival the Indian empire. Heady plans were made for an Imperial service that would include Arabia, Iraq, the Trans-Jordan, and even the Sudan. While exiting, this 'mega outlook' was opposed to Arab concerns. The apotheosis for Bell was reached in 1921 when Winston Churchill called a famous meet- ing of forty Middle East experts in Cairo. The conference photography shows her as the lone woman. Secreted in the Semiramis Hotel, she and the other 'forty thieves' laid out policies whose failures (and Lawrence's disillusionment) are well known. Therein lies the tragedy of her life, perhaps more of a tragedy that than of Lawrence. Almost none of the undertakings to the Arabs to which she was an enthusiastic participant were realized. There were a number of these promises, although they were less publicized than those made in the famous McMahon letters. For example, the assurances at the 1916 durbar at Kuwait were equally dishonored: the shaikh of Kuwait received a CSI and Ibn Saud got the KCIE along with pledges that with the defeat of the Turks: "The dream of Arab unity ... has been brought nearer fulfillment than dreams are wont to come, but the role of presiding genius has been recast." Instead of an Arabian viceregality that would justify the wonderful title of 'Viceroys of the Gulf, ' or of a 'final' resolution of the region's conflicts, British Imperial administration be- tween the world wars became a long and unsatisfactory interlude in which little was accom- plished. Hobson remarks in Imperialism about the use of 'masked worlds' and an Imperial Genius for inconsistency: "Most of the men who have misled ... have first been obliged to mis- lead themselves." This was the case with Gertrude Bell, who committed suicide in 1926. After she and her friends departed the scene, the air went out if the balloon, and the 'countervailing disadvantages' of being misled became apparent to the Arabs. This little-known book is one key to heady days at Basra when the Middle East empire seemed likely.

Iraq and Gertrude Bell's The Arab of Mesopotamia

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Author :
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 9780739125625
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis Iraq and Gertrude Bell's The Arab of Mesopotamia by : Gertrude Lowthian Bell

Download or read book Iraq and Gertrude Bell's The Arab of Mesopotamia written by Gertrude Lowthian Bell and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2008 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand contemporary Iraq and the ongoing crisis in the Middle East, no book provides a surer guide or more unsettling experience, written as it was for another war, another army, and another time. Gertrude Bell for a fleeting moment was the optimistic progenitor of the Iraq that today is becoming unglued.

Gertrude Bell and Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : Proceedings of the British Aca
ISBN 13 : 9780197266076
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (66 download)

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Book Synopsis Gertrude Bell and Iraq by : Paul Thomas Collins

Download or read book Gertrude Bell and Iraq written by Paul Thomas Collins and published by Proceedings of the British Aca. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a major re-evaluation of the life and legacy of Gertrude Lowthian Bell (1868-1926), the renowned scholar, explorer, writer, archaeologist, and British civil servant. The book examines Gertrude Bell's role in shaping British policy in the Middle East in the first part of the 20th century, her views of the cultures and peoples of the region, and her unusual position as a woman occupying a senior position in the British imperial administration. It focuses particularly on her involvement in Iraq and the part she played in the establishment of the Iraqi monarchy and the Iraqi state. In addition, the book examines her interests in Iraq's ancient past. She was instrumental in drawing up Iraq's first Antiquities Law in 1922 and in the foundation of the Iraq Museum in 1923. Gertrude Bell refused to be constrained by the expectations of the day, and was able to succeed in a man's world of high politics and diplomacy. She remains a controversial figure, however, especially in the context of the founding of the modern state of Iraq. Does she represent a more innocent age when the country was born out of the remnants of the Ottoman Empire, or does she personify the attitudes and decisions that have created today's divided Middle East? The volume's authors bring new insights to these questions.

The Arab War

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Publisher : eStar Books
ISBN 13 : 1612108725
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis The Arab War by : Gertrude Lowthian Bell

Download or read book The Arab War written by Gertrude Lowthian Bell and published by eStar Books. This book was released on 2015 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating look at the politics of the Arab world in the 1920’s. These were originally Confidential Information Despatches for General Headquarters (in England) written by Gertrude Bell which were gathered and printed in the 1940’s.

Review of the Civil Administration of Mesopotamia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Review of the Civil Administration of Mesopotamia by : Iraq. Civil Commissioner

Download or read book Review of the Civil Administration of Mesopotamia written by Iraq. Civil Commissioner and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper gives an account of the civil administration of Mesopotamia during the British military occupation, that is to say, down to the summer of the present year (1920), when, a Mandate for Mesopotamia having being accepted by Great Britain, steps were being taken for the early establishment of an Arab Government. His Majesty's Government called for a report on this diificult period from the Acting Civil Commissioner, who entrusted the preparation of it to Miss Gertrude L. Bell C.B.E. (India Office, 3rd December 1920)

A Quest in the Middle East

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Publisher : I. B. Tauris
ISBN 13 : 9781780766812
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis A Quest in the Middle East by : Liora Lukitz

Download or read book A Quest in the Middle East written by Liora Lukitz and published by I. B. Tauris. This book was released on 2014-02-27 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gertrude Bell was a commanding figure: scholar, linguist, archaeologist, traveler and 'orientalist'. A remarkable woman in male-dominated Edwardian society, she shunned convention by eschewing marriage and family for an academic career and extensive traveling. But her private life was marred by the tragedy, vulnerability and frustration that were key to her quest both for a British dominated Middle East and relief from the torture of her romantic failures. Through her vivid writings, she brought the Arab world alive for countless Britons. Alongside T.E. Lawrence, she was hugely instrumental in the post-war reconfiguration of the Arab states in the Middle East. In Iraq she became friend and confidante of the new King Faisal, and a prime mover in drawing up the country's boundaries and establishing a constitutional monarchy there, with its parliament, civil service and legal system. She was influential in creating the state which had all the trappings of independence while remaining a virtual British colony. The legacy of her work is still being played out in the conflicts of today. Yet behind her public success was a backdrop of personal passions, desires and the relationships that drove this extraordinary woman. Embroiled in an unsuccessful love affair with Charles Doughty-Wylie, a married man, she found peace in the solitude of the desert. But the seemingly intractable problems of the newly independent Iraq led her to write of the 'weariness of it all'. Shortly afterwards she took her own life with a lethal dose of sleeping pills. Using previously unseen sources, including Gertude Bell's own diaries and letters, Lukitz provides a deeper political and personal biography of this influential character.

Explore with Gertrude Bell

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Author :
Publisher : Travel with the Great Explorer
ISBN 13 : 9780778739104
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Explore with Gertrude Bell by : Tim Cooke

Download or read book Explore with Gertrude Bell written by Tim Cooke and published by Travel with the Great Explorer. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating book takes readers through the life story of influential English archaeologist and traveler Gertrude Bell. Bell explored what is now the Middle East and played a significant role in the creation of modern Iraq. Historical facts, images, and high-interest information are presented in a tabloid-style to engage readers in an accessible way. Topics include Bell's work in archaeology, her mountain summits, and her role in World War One.

Desert Queen

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Publisher : Hachette UK
ISBN 13 : 1474603378
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (746 download)

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Book Synopsis Desert Queen by : Janet Wallach

Download or read book Desert Queen written by Janet Wallach and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2015-11-12 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The life of Gertrude Bell is now the subject of the major motion picture Queen of the Desert, starring Nicole Kidman, James Franco and Damian Lewis Turning away from privileged Victorian Britain, Gertrude Bell explored, mapped and excavated the world of the Arabs, winning the trust of Arab sheiks and chieftains along the way. When the First World War erupted and the British needed the loyalty of Arab leaders, Gertrude Bell provided the intelligence for T.E. Lawrence's military activities. After the war, she played a major role in creating the modern Middle East, and was generally considered the most powerful woman in the British Empire. In this major reassessment of Bell's life, Janet Wallach reveals a woman whose achievements and independent spirit were especially remarkable for her times, and who brought the same passion and intensity to her explorations as she did to her rich and romantic life.

Passenger to Teheran

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Passenger to Teheran by : Victoria Sackville-West

Download or read book Passenger to Teheran written by Victoria Sackville-West and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Gertrude Bell

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Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
ISBN 13 : 1429934018
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Gertrude Bell by : Georgina Howell

Download or read book Gertrude Bell written by Georgina Howell and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A marvelous tale of an adventurous life of great historical import She has been called the female Lawrence of Arabia, which, while not inaccurate, fails to give Gertrude Bell her due. She was at one time the most powerful woman in the British Empire: a nation builder, the driving force behind the creation of modern-day Iraq. Born in 1868 into a world of privilege, Bell turned her back on Victorian society, choosing to read history at Oxford and going on to become an archaeologist, spy, Arabist, linguist, author (of Persian Pictures, The Desert and the Sown, and many other collections), poet, photographer, and legendary mountaineer (she took off her skirt and climbed the Alps in her underclothes). She traveled the globe several times, but her passion was the desert, where she traveled with only her guns and her servants. Her vast knowledge of the region made her indispensable to the Cairo Intelligence Office of the British government during World War I. She advised the Viceroy of India; then, as an army major, she traveled to the front lines in Mesopotamia. There, she supported the creation of an autonomous Arab nation for Iraq, promoting and manipulating the election of King Faisal to the throne and helping to draw the borders of the fledgling state. Gertrude Bell, vividly told and impeccably researched by Georgina Howell, is a richly compelling portrait of a woman who transcended the restrictions of her class and times, and in so doing, created a remarkable and enduring legacy. " ... there’s never a dull moment in the peerless life of this trailblazing character." - Kirkus Reviews

The Desert and the Sown

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Author :
Publisher : London: W. Heinemann
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis The Desert and the Sown by : Gertrude Lowthian Bell

Download or read book The Desert and the Sown written by Gertrude Lowthian Bell and published by London: W. Heinemann. This book was released on 1907 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Woman in Arabia

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Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101636955
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis A Woman in Arabia by : Gertrude Bell

Download or read book A Woman in Arabia written by Gertrude Bell and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A portrait in her own words of the female Lawrence of Arabia, the subject of the PBS documentary Letters from Baghdad, voiced by Tilda Swinton, and the major motion picture Queen of the Desert, starring Nicole Kidman, James Franco, Damian Lewis, and Robert Pattinson and directed by Werner Herzog Gertrude Bell was leaning in 100 years before Sheryl Sandberg. One of the great woman adventurers of the twentieth century, she turned her back on Victorian society to study at Oxford and travel the world, and became the chief architect of British policy in the Middle East after World War I. Mountaineer, archaeologist, Arabist, writer, poet, linguist, and spy, she dedicated her life to championing the Arab cause and was instrumental in drawing the borders that define today’s Middle East. As she wrote in one of her letters, “It’s a bore being a woman when you are in Arabia.” Forthright and spirited, opinionated and playful, and deeply instructive about the Arab world, this volume brings together Bell’s letters, military dispatches, diary entries, and travel writings to offer an intimate look at a woman who shaped nations. For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,800 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.

Enemy on the Euphrates

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Author :
Publisher : Saqi
ISBN 13 : 0863567673
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (635 download)

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Book Synopsis Enemy on the Euphrates by : Ian Rutledge

Download or read book Enemy on the Euphrates written by Ian Rutledge and published by Saqi. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1920 an Arab revolt came perilously close to inflicting a shattering defeat upon the British Empire's forces occupying Iraq after the Great War. A huge peasant army besieged British garrisons and bombarded them with captured artillery. British columns and armoured trains were ambushed and destroyed, and gunboats were captured or sunk. Britain's quest for oil was one of the principal reasons for its continuing occupation of Iraq. However, with around 131,000 Arabs in arms at the height of the conflict, the British were very nearly driven out. Only a massive infusion of Indian troops prevented a humiliating rout. Enemy on the Euphrates is the definitive account of the most serious armed uprising against British rule in the twentieth century. Bringing central players such as Winston Churchill, T. E. Lawrence and Gertrude Bell vividly to life, Ian Rutledge's masterful account is a powerful reminder of how Britain's imperial objectives sowed the seeds of Iraq's tragic history.

Amurath to Amurath

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Author :
Publisher : London : W. Heinemann
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Amurath to Amurath by : Gertrude Lowthian Bell

Download or read book Amurath to Amurath written by Gertrude Lowthian Bell and published by London : W. Heinemann. This book was released on 1911 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Kingmakers: The Invention of the Modern Middle East

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Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393342433
Total Pages : 768 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (933 download)

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Book Synopsis Kingmakers: The Invention of the Modern Middle East by : Shareen Blair Brysac

Download or read book Kingmakers: The Invention of the Modern Middle East written by Shareen Blair Brysac and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2009-10-12 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant narrative history tracing today’s troubles back to the grandiose imperial overreach of Great Britain and the United States. Kingmakers is the gripping story of how the modern Middle East came to be, as told through the lives of the Britons and Americans who shaped it. Some are famous (Lawrence of Arabia and Gertrude Bell); others infamous (Harry St. John Philby, father of Kim); some forgotten (Sir Mark Sykes, Israel’s godfather, and A. T. Wilson, the territorial creator of Iraq). All helped enthrone rulers in a region whose very name is an Anglo-American invention. The aim of this engrossing character-driven narrative is to restore to life the colorful figures who gave us the Middle East in which Americans are enmeshed today.

A History of Iraq

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521529006
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Iraq by : Charles Tripp

Download or read book A History of Iraq written by Charles Tripp and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-05-27 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated edition of Charles Tripp's A History of Iraq covers events since 1998, and looks at present-day developments right up to mid-2002. Since its establishment by the British in the 1920s Iraq has witnessed the rise and fall of successive regimes, culminating in the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein. Tripp traces Iraq's political history from its nineteenth-century roots in the Ottoman empire, to the development of the state, its transformation from monarchy to republic and the rise of the Ba'th party and the ascendancy of Saddam Hussein.