Irans Nuclear Hedging Strategy

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Iran’s Nuclear Hedging Strategy

Author : Michael Eisenstadt
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538181355
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Iran’s Nuclear Hedging Strategy by : Michael Eisenstadt

Download or read book Iran’s Nuclear Hedging Strategy written by Michael Eisenstadt and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-04-14 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tehran’s willingness to pause aspects of its nuclear program may offer opportunities to stroke regime concerns about the potential costs of moving forward. Since halting its crash nuclear weapons program in 2003, the Islamic Republic has pursued a cautious hedging strategy that has enabled it to become an advanced nuclear threshold state, while also avoiding a military confrontation with the United States and Israel. Yet Iran’s willingness to pause aspects of its nuclear program in order to ease pressure—and in turn to pursue more urgent objectives—may help Washington constrain Tehran’s nuclear ambitions by amplifying its concerns about the potential risks and costs of proliferating. In this Policy Focus, military analyst Michael Eisenstadt surveys the evolution of Iran’s nuclear hedging strategy and suggests ways for the United States, along with its allies and partners, to shape the regime’s proliferation calculus with the goal of preventing an Iranian breakout and a nuclearized Middle East.

Iran's Nuclear Hedging Strategy

Author : Michael Eisenstadt
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781538181348
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (813 download)

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Book Synopsis Iran's Nuclear Hedging Strategy by : Michael Eisenstadt

Download or read book Iran's Nuclear Hedging Strategy written by Michael Eisenstadt and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2023-04-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tehran's willingness to pause aspects of its nuclear program may offer opportunities to stroke regime concerns about the potential costs of moving forward. Since halting its crash nuclear weapons program in 2003, the Islamic Republic has pursued a cautious hedging strategy that has enabled it to become an advanced nuclear threshold state, while also avoiding a military confrontation with the United States and Israel. Yet Iran's willingness to pause aspects of its nuclear program in order to ease pressure-and in turn to pursue more urgent objectives-may help Washington constrain Tehran's nuclear ambitions by amplifying its concerns about the potential risks and costs of proliferating. In this Policy Focus, military analyst Michael Eisenstadt surveys the evolution of Iran's nuclear hedging strategy and suggests ways for the United States, along with its allies and partners, to shape the regime's proliferation calculus with the goal of preventing an Iranian breakout and a nuclearized Middle East.

Seeking the Bomb

Author : Vipin Narang
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691172625
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Seeking the Bomb by : Vipin Narang

Download or read book Seeking the Bomb written by Vipin Narang and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first systematic look at the different strategies that states employ in their pursuit of nuclear weapons Much of the work on nuclear proliferation has focused on why states pursue nuclear weapons. The question of how states pursue nuclear weapons has received little attention. Seeking the Bomb is the first book to analyze this topic by examining which strategies of nuclear proliferation are available to aspirants, why aspirants select one strategy over another, and how this matters to international politics. Looking at a wide range of nations, from India and Japan to the Soviet Union and North Korea to Iraq and Iran, Vipin Narang develops an original typology of proliferation strategies—hedging, sprinting, sheltered pursuit, and hiding. Each strategy of proliferation provides different opportunities for the development of nuclear weapons, while at the same time presenting distinct vulnerabilities that can be exploited to prevent states from doing so. Narang delves into the crucial implications these strategies have for nuclear proliferation and international security. Hiders, for example, are especially disruptive since either they successfully attain nuclear weapons, irrevocably altering the global power structure, or they are discovered, potentially triggering serious crises or war, as external powers try to halt or reverse a previously clandestine nuclear weapons program. As the international community confronts the next generation of potential nuclear proliferators, Seeking the Bomb explores how global conflict and stability are shaped by the ruthlessly pragmatic ways states choose strategies of proliferation.

Containing Iran

Author : Robert J. Reardon
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833076353
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Containing Iran by : Robert J. Reardon

Download or read book Containing Iran written by Robert J. Reardon and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran's nuclear program is one of this century's principal foreign policy challenges. Despite U.S., Israeli, and allied efforts, Iran has an extensive enrichment program and likely has the technical capacity to produce at least one nuclear bomb if it so chose. This study assesses U.S. policy options, identifies a way forward, and considers how the United States might best mitigate the negative international effects of a nuclear-armed Iran.

Iran's Nuclear Program and International Law

Author : Daniel Joyner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190635711
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Iran's Nuclear Program and International Law by : Daniel Joyner

Download or read book Iran's Nuclear Program and International Law written by Daniel Joyner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an international legal analysis of the most important questions regarding Iran's nuclear program since 2002. Setting these legal questions in their historical and diplomatic context, this book aims to clarify how the relevant sources of international law - including primarily the 1968 Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and IAEA treaty law - should be properly applied in the context of the Iran case. It provides an instructional case study of the application of these sources of international law, the lessons which can be applied to inform both the on-going legal and diplomatic dynamics surrounding the Iran nuclear dispute itself, as well as similar future cases. Some questions raised regard the watershed diplomatic accord reached between Iran and Western states in July, 2015, known as the Joint Comprehensive Program of Action. The answers will be of interests to diplomats and academics, as well as to anyone who is interested in understanding international law's application to this sensitive dispute in international relations.

Understanding and Explaining the Iranian Nuclear 'Crisis'

Author : Halit M. E. Tagma
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498593070
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding and Explaining the Iranian Nuclear 'Crisis' by : Halit M. E. Tagma

Download or read book Understanding and Explaining the Iranian Nuclear 'Crisis' written by Halit M. E. Tagma and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Understanding and Explaining the Iranian Nuclear ‘Crisis’: Theoretical Approaches, Halit M.E. Tagma and Paul E. Lenze, Jr. analyze the ‘crisis’ surrounding Iran’s nuclear program through a variety of theoretical approaches, including realism, world-systems theory, liberal institutionalism, domestic politics, and multi-level games. Through these theories, Tagma and Lenze use established academic perspectives to create a more objective understanding and explanation of the debates and issues. Introducing the concept of eclectic pluralism to the study of international relations, Understanding and Explaining the Iranian Nuclear ‘Crisis’ presents theoretical approaches side by side to explore a complex and evolving international dispute.

Trump and Iran

Author : Nader Entessar
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498588875
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Trump and Iran by : Nader Entessar

Download or read book Trump and Iran written by Nader Entessar and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the advent of the Trump Administration, relations between Iran and the United States have become increasingly conflictual to the point that a future war between the two countries is a realistic possibility. President Trump has unilaterally withdrawn the US from the historic Iran nuclear accord and has re-imposed the nuclear-related sanctions, which had been removed as a result of that accord. Reflecting a new determined US effort to curb Iran's hegemonic behavior throughout the Middle East, Trump's Iran policy has all the markings of a sharp discontinuity in the Iran containment strategy of the previous six US administrations. The regime change policy, spearheaded by a hawkish cabinet with a long history of antipathy toward the Iranian government, has become the most salient feature of US policy toward Iran under President Trump. This turn in US foreign policy has important consequences not just for Iran but also for Iran's neighbors and prospects of long-term stability in the Persian Gulf and beyond. This book seeks to examine the fluid dynamic of US-Iran relations in the Trump era by providing a social scientific understanding of the pattern of hostility and antagonism between Washington and Tehran and the resulting spiraling conflict that may lead to a disastrous war in the region.

Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations

Author : Paul K. Kerr
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781092738187
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations by : Paul K. Kerr

Download or read book Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations written by Paul K. Kerr and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several U.N. Security Council resolutions adopted between 2006 and 2010 required Iran to cooperate fully with the International Atomic Energy Agency's (IAEA's) investigation of its nuclear activities, suspend its uranium enrichment program, suspend its construction of a heavy-water reactor and related projects, and ratify the Additional Protocol to its IAEA safeguards agreement. However, Tehran has implemented various restrictions on, and provided the IAEA with additional information about, its nuclear program pursuant to the July 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), which Tehran concluded with China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. On the JCPOA's Implementation Day, which took place on January 16, 2016, all of the previous resolutions﷿ requirements were terminated. The nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) and U.N. Security Council Resolution 2231, which the Council adopted on July 20, 2015, compose the current legal framework governing Iran's nuclear program. Iran has complied with the JCPOA and resolution. Iran and the IAEA agreed in August 2007 on a work plan to clarify outstanding questions regarding Tehran's nuclear program. The IAEA had essentially resolved most of these issues, but for several years the agency still had questions concerning ﷿possible military dimensions to Iran's nuclear programme.﷿ A December 2, 2015, report to the IAEA Board of Governors from agency Director General Yukiya Amano contains the IAE's ﷿final assessment on the resolution﷿ of the outstanding issues. This report provides a brief overview of Iran's nuclear program and describes the legal basis for the actions taken by the IAEA board and the Security Council.

The Iranian Nuclear Crisis

Author : Seyed Hossein Mousavian
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0870033026
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Iranian Nuclear Crisis by : Seyed Hossein Mousavian

Download or read book The Iranian Nuclear Crisis written by Seyed Hossein Mousavian and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first detailed Iranian account of the diplomatic struggle between Iran and the international community, The Iranian Nuclear Crisis: A Memoir opens in 2002, as news of Iran's clandestine uranium enrichment and plutonium production facilities emerge. Seyed Hossein Mousavian, previously the head of the Foreign Relations Committee of Iran's Supreme National Security Council and spokesman for Tehran's nuclear negotiating team, brings the reader into Tehran's private deliberations as its leaders wrestle with internal and external adversaries. Mousavian provides readers with intimate knowledge of Iran's interactions with the International Atomic Energy Agency and global powers. His personal story comes alive as he vividly recounts his arrest and interrogations on charges of espionage. Dramatic episodes of diplomatic missions tell much about the author and the swirling dynamics of Iranian politics and diplomacy—undercurrents that must be understood now more than ever. As intense debate continues over the direction of Iran's nuclear program, Mousavian weighs the likely effects of military strikes, covert action, sanctions, and diplomatic engagement, considering their potential to resolve the nuclear crisis. Contents 1. The Origin and Development of Iran's Nuclear Program 2. The First Crisis 3. From Tehran to Paris 4. From the Paris Agreement to the 2005 Presidential Election 5. The Larijani Period 6. To the Security Council 7. Back to the Security Council and a New Domestic Situation 8. Iran Alone: The Jalili Period 9. U.S. Engagement 10. The Crisis Worsens 11. Conclusion

A Nuclear Iran

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Nuclear Iran by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations

Download or read book A Nuclear Iran written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Iran Nuclear Accord and the Remaking of the Middle East

Author : Nader Entessar
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442271280
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Iran Nuclear Accord and the Remaking of the Middle East by : Nader Entessar

Download or read book Iran Nuclear Accord and the Remaking of the Middle East written by Nader Entessar and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entessar & Afrasiabi’s Iran Nuclear Negotiations (Rowman & Littlefied, October 2015) offered a thorough analysis of the negotiation process between Iran and the 5+1 great powers about its nuclear program. This book essentially builds upon it, focusing this time on the final nuclear agreement, the ensuing debates around it, and its global and regional ramifications especially in the Middle East. The first section analyzes the agreement through the prism of international relations theories, using a constructivist-critical theory approach. This is followed by an overview of the intense debates in Iran, the West, and other parts of the world, on the nuclear agreement and its various pros and cons, not to mention the connected, yet separate Iran-IAEA agreement. The second section covers Iran’s foreign policy and its various priorities, looking in particular at the impact of the nuclear deal on the country’s external relations and orientations, contextualized in terms of pre-existing issues and concerns and the profound influence of the nuclear agreement on the perceptions of Iranian power in the region and beyond. Iran’s relations with its Arab, Turkish, Russian, and other neighbors are discussed, focusing on both the direct and indirect impact of the nuclear agreement on these relations, especially the paradoxical implications of the nuclear deal with respect to the non-nuclear crises in the Middle East, such as the Syria-Iraq crisis, and the re-alignments that have put Iran at the crossroads of East and West. Other issues covered include energy security, regional economic cooperation, the endemic sectarianism highlighted by Iran-Saudi competition, and the deadlock on the Middle East peace process. The third section then examines the issue of a Middle East nuclear weapons-free zone and the likely consequences of the Iran nuclear deal on this prospect, which, in turn, raises the issue of regional proliferation and counterproliferation. The last section explores some possible various scenarios and the challenges of implementation as a relatively long-term agreement, providing specific policy recommendations for the regional actors and the external powers that are stakeholders in the volatile Middle East.

Iran's Security Policy in the Post-Revolutionary Era

Author : Daniel Byman
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833032445
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Iran's Security Policy in the Post-Revolutionary Era by : Daniel Byman

Download or read book Iran's Security Policy in the Post-Revolutionary Era written by Daniel Byman and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2001-05-09 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Religion, nationalism, ethnicity, economics, and geopolitics all are important in explaining Iran's goals and tactics in its relationship with the outside world, as are the agendas of key security institutions and the ambitions of their leaders. This report assesses Iran's security policy in light of these factors. It examines broad drivers of Iran's security policy, describes important security institutions, explores decisionmaking, and reviews Iran's relations with key countries. The authors conclude that Iraq is widely recognized as the leading threat to Iran's Islamic regime and Afghanistan is seen as an emerging threat. In contrast, Iran has solid, if not necessarily warm, relations with Syria and established working ties to Pakistan and Russia. Iran's policies toward its neighbors are increasingly prudent: It is trying to calm regional tension and end its isolation, although its policies toward Israel and the United States are often an exception to this policy. Iran's security forces, particularly the regular military, are often voices of restraint, preferring shows of force to overactive confrontations. Finally, Iran's security forces generally respect and follow the wishes of Iran's civilian leadership; conducting rogue operations is rare to nonexistent.

Regime Change

Author : Robert Litwak
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 0801886422
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Regime Change by : Robert Litwak

Download or read book Regime Change written by Robert Litwak and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2007-01-30 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 9/11 terrorist attacks starkly recast the U.S. debate on "rogue states." In this new era of vulnerability, should the United States counter the dangers of weapons proliferation and state-sponsored terrorism by toppling regimes or by promoting change in the threatening behavior of their leaders? Regime Change examines the contrasting precedents set with Iraq and Libya and provides incisive analysis of the pressing crises with North Korea and Iran. A successor to the author's influential Rogue States and U.S. Foreign Policy (2000), this compelling book clarifies and critiques the terms in which today's vital foreign policy and security debate is being conducted.

No Conquest, No Defeat

Author : Ariane M. Tabatabai
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0197534600
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis No Conquest, No Defeat by : Ariane M. Tabatabai

Download or read book No Conquest, No Defeat written by Ariane M. Tabatabai and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In early 2019, the Islamic Republic of Iran marked its fortieth anniversary, despite decades of isolation, political pressure, sanctions and war. Observers of its security policies continue to try and make sense of this unlikely endurance. Some view the regime as a purely rational actor, whose national security decisions and military affairs are shaped by the same considerations as in other states. Others believe that it is ideology driving Tehran's strategy. Either way, virtually everyone agrees that the mullahs' policies are fundamentally different from those pursued by their monarchical predecessors. No Conquest, No Defeat offers a historically grounded overview of Iranian national security. Tabatabai argues that the Islamic Republic is neither completely rational nor purely ideological. Rather, its national security policy today is largely shaped by its strategic culture, a product of the country's historical experiences of war and peace. As a result, Iranian strategic thinking is perhaps best characterized by its dynamic yet resilient nature, one that is continually evolving. As the Islamic Republic enters its fifth decade, this book sheds new light on Iran's controversial nuclear and missile programs and its involvement in Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria and Yemen.

Living on the Edge

Author : Wyn Bowen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137273097
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (372 download)

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Book Synopsis Living on the Edge by : Wyn Bowen

Download or read book Living on the Edge written by Wyn Bowen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-08 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the authors explore the controversial Iranian nuclear programme through the conceptual lens of nuclear hedging. In 2002, revelations regarding undeclared nuclear facilities thrust Iran’s nuclear activities under the spotlight and prompted concerns that Tehran was pursuing nuclear weapons. Iran has always denied nuclear weapons aspirations, yet it cannot be disputed that the Islamic Republic has gone well beyond what is required for a civil nuclear programme based on energy production and scientific research. What, then, is the nature and significance of Iran's nuclear behaviour? Does it form part of a coherent strategy? What can Iran's actions in the nuclear field tell us about Tehran's intentions? And what does the Iranian case teach us about proliferation behaviour more generally? This book addresses these questions by exploring the nature of nuclear hedging and how this approach might be identified, before applying this logic to the Iranian case. It provides fresh insights into the inherently opaque area of nuclear proliferation and a more nuanced interpretation of the Iranian nuclear challenge.

Iran’s Foreign Policy

Author : Masoud Kazemzadeh
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000069826
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Iran’s Foreign Policy by : Masoud Kazemzadeh

Download or read book Iran’s Foreign Policy written by Masoud Kazemzadeh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes both domestic and international factors that have influenced Iran’s foreign policy since 1979. It looks not only at the perspectives of the ruling elite, but also of civil society and opposition groups. Furthermore, it also analyzes the interactions among Iran’s policies and those of regional and global powers. Since the 1979 revolution, Iran’s foreign policy has appeared both threatening and puzzling. Some have described it as ideological, whereby the regime has been attempting to export its Islamist rule to neighbouring countries and challenging the international order. Others consider Iran’s foreign policy to be primarily pragmatic, concerned with survival of the regime and expanding its power not unlike other powers in the system. This book attempts to go deeper than most conventional analyses. It demystifies Iran’s foreign policy by describing, in great detail, foreign policy decision making in Iran. Iran is not a one-man dictatorship. Rather, it is rule by an oligarchy of Shia fundamentalists. The regime’s ideology has not been cohesive, nor has it remained consistent in the past 41 years, nor all members of the ruling oligarchy have articulated an identical version of it. The book describes foreign policies of various factions and their leading figures as well as analysing their evolutions since 1979. It explains how various intra-elite configurations of power have influenced the regime’s foreign policy regarding the nuclear weapons program and the relations with the United States. Iran’s Foreign Policy: Elite Factionalism, Ideology, the Nuclear Weapons Program, and the United States adds fresh and critical perspectives on scholarly and policy debates on Iran’s foreign policy. The chapters in this book were originally published in the following journals: Comparative Strategy, American Foreign Policy Interests and the Terrorism Law Report.

Representation, recognition and respect in world politics

Author : Constance Duncombe
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 1526124939
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Representation, recognition and respect in world politics by : Constance Duncombe

Download or read book Representation, recognition and respect in world politics written by Constance Duncombe and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book explains how recognition and misrecognition have the power to fuel conflict and to initiate reconciliation. Constance Duncombe presents a detailed conceptual and empirical investigation of one of the most significant flashpoints in global politics: the fraught bilateral relations between the US and Iran. Duncombe uses this relationship to explore the importance of representation in shaping the identity of a state, as well as how it is recognised by others on the world stage. In 2015, Iran and the US reached an agreement on the framework for a long-term deal that allows Iran limited nuclear technological capacity in exchange for the lifting of debilitating economic sanctions. In light of decades of animosity between Iran and the US, which previously thwarted attempts on both sides to reach an amicable agreement, this book asks how we can best explain the initial success of this deal given the Trump administration’s 2018 US withdrawal from the agreement.