Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Investment In International Agricultural Research full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Investment In International Agricultural Research ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : Grant MacDonald Scobie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Investment in International Agricultural Research written by Grant MacDonald Scobie and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251379998
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)
Download or read book Global investments in agricultural research: Where are we and where are we going? written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2023-08-10 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well-funded agricultural research and development (R&D) systems play an important role in transforming agrifood systems and helping countries to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The advantages of investing in agricultural R&D are also clear from looking at the past, where a wide range of studies have clearly demonstrated the substantial benefits that resulted from investments in agricultural R&D. The importance of investing in R&D has also been highlighted by governments on numerous occasions in intergovernmental settings. Gathering, compiling and analysing multi-year, multi-country datasets on investments in agricultural R&D are complicated tasks that require a lot of meticulous work and dedication. Only a small number of groups have worked actively in this specialized area. In some cases, they have used different procedures for gathering data on public and private sector investments in agricultural research. This report reviews the current situation and trends regarding investments in agricultural R&D in the world and presents some clear results that emerge from recent studies.
Author : Robert Eugene Evenson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book The International Agricultural Research Centers written by Robert Eugene Evenson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since CGIAR centers have been in existence for a number of years, this paper addresses the impact of these centers on national research and extension programs and crop productivity. The study estimates that the CGIAR Centers have had a positive impact on investment in national research programs in each of the crops for which CGIAR crop programs exist except cassava. Estimates for livestock and horticultural crop research programs show a significant positive CGIAR impact as well. National extension spending is also stimulated by CGIAR programs. These estimates are based on an econometric specification that takes into account the impact of several economic development aid initiatives in addition to the activities of the CGIAR impacts. The study estimates that CGIAR Center programs have had significant impacts on crop productivity for maize, millets, sorghum, rice, wheat, beans, cassava and potatoes in all the regions studied. National research programs have had a positive impact on crop productivity in most of these crops as well. In addition, national extension programs have been productive in some crops. These estimates are based on crop production data in 25 countries.
Author : Beintema, Nienke M.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Evolution of CGIAR funding written by Beintema, Nienke M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary role of international public agricultural research is undoubtedly to address key social, environmental, and economic goals at the global level. Further, there is consensus that investment must be accelerated in research-based innovations focusing on sustainable food systems. And given the relatively weak situation of many national agricultural research systems in the global South, it is imperative to reach economies of scale in investments in international initiatives. It is not yet clear, however, how much additional investment is needed or how scarce resources should be allocated across priority research-for-development challenges. At the international level, growing consensus indicates that—in addition to increasing funding—far greater harmonization is needed in funding and executing research in order to more effectively tackle global agricultural research challenges. Growing opportunities for technology spillovers and research alliances to occur across national, regional, and international boundaries necessitates the ability to access new technological knowledge from a variety of sources. And since access to new technologies is closely related to the capacity to generate new technologies, the need to strengthen and harmonize national, regional, and global research systems becomes even more of a priority. Although the role, contributions, and impacts of the CGIAR have been analyzed by many authors, only a few have summarized the recent evolution of its financing. This note is intended to contribute to reflections on the CGIAR’s first 50 years, which it will celebrate in 2021, while also providing a useful reference for the current “One CGIAR” governance and management transformation.
Author : Stads, Gert-Jan
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book A comprehensive overview of investments and human resource capacity in African agricultural research written by Stads, Gert-Jan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-06-25 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses trends in investments, human resource capacity, and outputs in agricultural research in SSA, excluding the private (for-profit) sector. The analysis uses information collected by Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI)—led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) within the portfolio of the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM). The comprehensive datasets were derived from primary surveys, collected through a series of consecutive data collection rounds; a small number of secondary sources, where survey data were missing or of poor quality; and ASTI’s older investment and human resource datasets. This report highlights the cross-cutting trends and challenges that emerged from the country-level data, structuring it within four broad areas: funding capacity, human resource capacity, research outputs, and institutional conditions—all in terms of whether they support or impede the effective and efficient conduct of agricultural research. This report concludes with a set of policy recommendations for regional and national-level decision makers, and other stakeholders.
Author : Petra Moser
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022677905X
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)
Download or read book Economics of Research and Innovation in Agriculture written by Petra Moser and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-10-08 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The challenges facing agriculture are plenty. Along with the world's growing population and diminishing amounts of water and arable land, the gradual increase in severe weather presents new challenges and imperatives for producing new, more resilient crops to feed a more crowded planet in the twenty-first century. Innovation has historically helped agriculture keep pace with earth's social, population, and ecological changes. In the last 50 years, mechanical, biological, and chemical innovations have more than doubled agricultural output while barely changing input quantities. The ample investment behind these innovations was available because of a high rate of return: a 2007 paper found that the median ROI in agriculture was 45 percent between 1965 and 2005. This landscape has changed. Today many of the world's wealthier countries have scaled back their share of GDP devoted to agricultural R&D amid evidence of diminishing returns. Universities, which have historically been a major source of agricultural innovation, increasingly depend on funding from industry rather than government to fund their research. As Upton Sinclair wrote of the effects industry influences, "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it." In this volume of the NBER Conference Report series, editor Petra Moser offers an empirical, applied-economic framework to the different elements of agricultural R&D, particularly as they relate to the shift from public to private funding. Individual chapters examine the sources of agricultural knowledge and investigate challenges for measuring the returns to the adoption of new agricultural technologies, examine knowledge spillovers from universities to agricultural innovation, and explore interactions between university engagement and scientific productivity. Additional analysis of agricultural venture capital point to it as an emerging and future source of resource in this essential domain"--
Author : Grant McDonald Scobie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Investment in International Agricultural Research written by Grant McDonald Scobie and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impact of agricultural research with particular emphasis on the contribution of the international agricultural research centers; A preliminary model of optimal investment in agricultural research.
Author : Lynam, John
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 : 0896292126
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (962 download)
Download or read book Agricultural Research in Africa written by Lynam, John and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book—prepared by Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI), which is led by IFPRI—offers a comprehensive perspective on the evolution, current status, and future goals of agricultural research and development in Africa, including analyses of the complex underlying issues and challenges involved, as well as insights into how they might be overcome. Agriculture in Africa south of the Sahara is at a prospective tipping point. Growth has accelerated in the past decade, but is unsustainable given increasing use of finite resources. The yield gap in African agriculture is significant, and scenarios on feeding the world’s population into the future highlight the need for Africa to expand its agricultural production. Agricultural Research in Africa: Investing in Future Harvests discusses the need to shift to a growth path based on increased productivity—as in the rest of the developing world— which is essential if Africa is to increase rural incomes and compete in both domestic and international markets. Such a shift ultimately requires building on evolving improvements that collectively translate to deepening rural innovation capacity.
Author : Nin-Pratt, Alejandro
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Returns to R&D investment to inform priority setting in the One CGIAR and NARS written by Nin-Pratt, Alejandro and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2019 report of the Global Commission on Adaptation for accelerated action to adapt to climate change included a call for increased allocation of resources to international agricultural research. The production and adaptation challenges faced by agriculture will be most acutely felt in Africa and South Asia, focus regions of the CGIAR, the world’s largest public food systems research network. These challenges come at a time when the CGIAR is undergoing a transformation of its partnerships, knowledge, assets and global presence, emerging as One CGIAR, aimed at sharpening its mission and impact focus to 2030 and beyond, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals. Evidence on the impacts of CGIAR research since the 1980s have consistently found high rates of return to investment. How could this evidence on the performance of the CGIAR and its partnership with NARS in developing regions be used to inform investment priority setting and to achieve the One CGIAR goals in the coming years? We used detailed R&D investment data from the CGIAR, NARS (ASTI) and evidence from the literature on returns to CGIAR investment by crop and region to develop and calibrate a model of R&D investment that allows us to conduct priority-setting analysis of alternative CGIAR investment across research activities and regions. The model developed can be linked to global partial equilibrium and economy-wide forward-looking models to analyze the effect of different CGIAR investment options under alternative future scenarios. We checked the plausibility of the results obtained by the model calculating the Benefit-Cost ratio of historical CGIAR investments and found that each dollar invested by the CGIAR between 1971 and 2018 returned almost 10 dollars in output as the result of increased productivity, which is within the range of returns found by most recent meta-analyses impact of CGIAR investment. An application of the model to SSA shows that the best results for the CGIAR are obtained from investments in cassava and potato in Southern Africa; yams, sorghum, cassava and groundnuts in West Africa; cassava in East Africa and groundnuts and shoats in the Sahel.
Author : Beintema, Nienke M.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Underinvestment in agricultural research written by Beintema, Nienke M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-08-24 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year marks the 20th anniversary of the inception of ASTI. During this time, governments, donors, and international organizations have used ASTI’s evidence to guide agricultural research investment and policy decisions, to assess areas of underinvestment, to identify capacity gaps and training needs, and to demonstrate the returns to agricultural research investment. This series of notes marks this important milestone by focusing on—and updating—some of the key advancements and insights ASTI data have enabled in the past 20 years. This note focuses on the prevalence of underinvestment in agricultural research among developing countries, especially those with small- to medium-size research systems.
Author : Sulser, Timothy
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Climate change and hunger: Estimating costs of adaptation in the agrifood system written by Sulser, Timothy and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-06-16 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses the cost of adaptation to climate change across a range of future climate scenarios and investment options. We focus on offsetting climate change impacts on hunger through investment in agricultural research, water management, and rural infrastructure in developing countries. We link climate, crop, water, and economic models to (1) analyze scenarios of future change in the agriculture sector to 2050 and (2) assess trade-offs for these investments across key Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for poverty, hunger, and water. Our reference projections show that climate change slows progress toward eliminating hunger, with an additional 78 million people facing chronic hunger in 2050 relative to a no-climate-change future, over half of them in Africa south of the Sahara. Increased investments can offset these impacts. Achieving this would require that annual investment in international agricultural research increase from US$1.62 billion to US$2.77 billion per year between 2015 and 2050. Additional water and infrastructure investments are estimated to be more expensive than agricultural R&D at about US$12.7 billion and US$10.8 billion per year, respectively, but these address key gaps to support transformation toward food system resiliency. Findings on ranges of costs and trade-offs and complementarities across SDGs will help policymakers make better-informed choices between alternative investment strategies.
Author : Rosegrant, Mark W.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Quantitative foresight modeling to inform the CGIAR research portfolio written by Rosegrant, Mark W. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-04-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a quantitative assessment of the impacts of alternative investment options on the CGIAR’s SLOs (relating to poverty – SLO1, food and nutrition security – SLO2, and natural resources and ecosystem services – SLO3) in the context of changes in population, income, technology, and climate to 2050 as well as for key SDGs of importance to the developing world. The report serves as a source of information and evidence of the impact of CGIAR efforts in agricultural R&D as well as the role of complementary investments. It is intended to help the CGIAR Centers, CG Research Programs (CRP), system management, and donors to complement other efforts to assess the overall impact and benefits of investing in international and national agricultural research programs.
Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821356456
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (564 download)
Download or read book The CGIAR at 31 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) was established in 1971 to support the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations in funding four international agricultural research centres in Colombia, Mexico, Nigeria and the Philippines. As the first global programme to receive grants from the World Banks net income, the CGIAR now consists of 16 autonomous international centres, with a membership of 62 countries, including 24 developing and transition economies. This report evaluates the work of CGIAR and makes several recommendations to address the future challenges it faces in promoting agricultural research.
Author : Julian M. Alston
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441906584
Total Pages : 515 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)
Download or read book Persistence Pays written by Julian M. Alston and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-27 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: gricultural science policy in the United States has profoundly affected the growth and development of agriculture worldwide, not just in the A United States. Over the past 150 years, and especially over the second th half of the 20 Century, public investments in agricultural R&D in the United States grew faster than the value of agricultural production. Public spending on agricultural science grew similarly in other more-developed countries, and c- lectively these efforts, along with private spending, spurred agricultural prod- tivity growth in rich and poor nations alike. The value of this investment is seldom fully appreciated. The resulting p- ductivity improvements have released labor and other resources for alternative uses—in 1900, 29. 2 million Americans (39 percent of the population) were - rectly engaged in farming compared with just 2. 9 million (1. 1 percent) today— while making food and fiber more abundant and cheaper. The benefits are not confined to Americans. U. S. agricultural science has contributed with others to growth in agricultural productivity in many other countries as well as the Un- ed States. The world’s population more than doubled from around 3 billion in 1961 to 6. 54 billion in 2006 (U. S. Census Bureau 2009). Over the same period, production of important grain crops (including maize, wheat and rice) almost trebled, such that global per capita grain production was 18 percent higher in 2006.
Author : Robert Eugene Evenson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (248 download)
Download or read book Investment in Agricultural Research and Extension written by Robert Eugene Evenson and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821386840
Total Pages : 685 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Agricultural Innovation Systems written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing the ability of agriculture to meet rising global demand and to respond to the changes and opportunities will require good policy, sustained investments, and innovation - not business as usual. Investments in public Research and Development, extension, education, and their links with one another have elicited high returns and pro-poor growth, but these investments alone will not elicit innovation at the pace or on the scale required by the intensifying and proliferating challenges confronting agriculture. Experience indicates that aside from a strong capacity in Research and Development, the ability to innovate is often related to collective action, coordination, the exchange of knowledge among diverse actors, the incentives and resources available to form partnerships and develop businesses, and conditions that make it possible for farmers or entrepreneurs to use the innovations. While consensus is developing about what is meant by 'innovation' and 'innovation system', no detailed blueprint exists for making agricultural innovation happen at a given time, in a given place, for a given result. The AIS approach that looks at these multiple conditions and relationships that promote innovation in agriculture, has however moved from a concept to a sub-discipline with principles of analysis and action. AIS investments must be specific to the context, responding to the stage of development in a particular country and agricultural sector, especially the AIS. This sourcebook contributes to identifying, designing, and implementing the investments, approaches, and complementary interventions that appear most likely to strengthen AIS and to promote agricultural innovation and equitable growth. It emphasizes the lessons learned, benefits and impacts, implementation issues, and prospects for replicating or expanding successful practices. The information in this sourcebook derives from approaches that have been tested at different scales in different contexts. It reflects the experiences and evolving understanding of numerous individuals and organizations concerned with agricultural innovation, including the World Bank. This information is targeted to the key operational staff in international and regional development agencies and national governments who design and implement lending projects and to the practitioners who design thematic programs and technical assistance packages. The sourcebook can also be an important resource for the research community and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs).
Author : G. J. Persley
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Investment Strategies for Agriculture and Natural Resources written by G. J. Persley and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to the significant changes that have occurred in the 1990s in the financing and organization of agricultural and natural resources research, The World Bank, in collaboration with the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, the UK Department for International Development, the International Food Policy Research Institute and Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit, initiated a series of regional and country case studies. The aim of these is to examine the impact of the changes. This book brings together the findings of these studies. It covers the changing nature of public sector research in industrialized and developing countries, including the effects of the investment stimulus created by the advent of biotechnology and intellectual property rights, and the collaborations which have resulted. The lessons learned from the different strategies adopted to organize and manage agricultural research are emphasized, along with their effectiveness in terms of the use of human and financial resources to achieve the research goals. The findings are summarized and a series of recommendations are made in terms of future food needs and environmentally sustainable development. Research managers, policy makers in national governments and funding agencies and agricultural economists will find this book an essential reference tool.
