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Author : Yuan Chai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (721 download)
Download or read book Investigations on Stem Rust Resistance Genes in Barley written by Yuan Chai and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Arjun Upadhaya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (799 download)
Download or read book Genetic Characterization of Virulence in a Pacific Northwest Stem Rust Population and Mapping of New Sources of Resistance in Barley written by Arjun Upadhaya and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem rust caused by the biotrophic fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) is an important disease of barley and wheat globally. In the last decade, the Pacific Northwest (PNW) region of the United States has experienced an increase in the incidence and severity of stem rust disease. This may be attributed to various factors, including increase in summer temperatures, lack of effective resistance, and early inoculum from sexual hosts. The PNW region's conducive environment and the presence of the sexual hosts, Mahonia and barberry, present an opportunity for the stem rust pathogen to complete its sexual cycle, leading to the emergence of genotypes with novel virulence gene combinations. A total of 100 Pgt isolates collected from barley in eastern Washington during the 2019 growing season were tested for virulence on the two major barley stem rust resistance genes/loci, Rpg1 and the rpg4/5-mediated resistance locus (RMRL) at the seedling stage. Of these isolates, 99% were virulent on cultivar Morex containing the Rpg1 gene, 62% were virulent on Golden Promise transgenic line (H228.2c) carrying a single copy of the Rpg1 gene from Morex, 16% were virulent on the near isogenic line, HQ-1 containing RMRL, and 10% were virulent on barley line Q21861 carrying both Rpg1 and RMRL. This was the first report of Pgt isolates containing virulence on both Rpg1 and RMRL when stacked together, representing the most virulent Pgt population reported on barley worldwide. To identify and map effective resistances against the local virulent isolates, a genome wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on 440 accessions from the World Barley Core Collection (WBCC), genotyped with the 9K Illumina barley iSelect chip and phenotyped with two PNW Pgt isolates at the seedling stage. A total of 10 resistance loci were identified including four novel loci on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 5H, and 6H. On the pathogen side, GWAS was performed using 113 diverse Pgt isolates, collected from the PNW and the Midwest region of the US, to identify virulence and avirulence loci corresponding to the barley stem rust resistance gene Rpg1 and the six wheat stem rust R-genes, Sr5, Sr21, Sr8a, Sr17, Sr9a, and Sr9d. The genotype data for 96 isolates were generated by whole genome shotgun sequencing and for 17 isolates by RNA sequencing. The phenotype data for the Pgt isolates were collected by seedling disease assays on two barley lines, H228.2c and Morex (Rpg1+) and the six wheat stem rust differential lines, Sr5, Sr21, Sr8a, Sr17, Sr9a, and Sr9d. A total of five effector gene candidates were identified at two loci corresponding to the Rpg1 gene. Similarly, 24 putative effector genes were identified at 15 loci corresponding to the six wheat R-genes. Further characterization of these genes will be done to enhance our understanding of host pathogen interactions in both the barley-Pgt and wheat-Pgt pathosystems.
Author : Muhammad Md Hatta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Host Range Expansion of Wheat Stem Rust Resistance Genes Into Barley written by Muhammad Md Hatta and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christopher Alan Goblirsch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Identification of Stem Rust Resistance Genes in Spring Barley written by Christopher Alan Goblirsch and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert Saxon Brueggeman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (367 download)
Download or read book Investigation of Puccinia Graminis Resistance Genes in Barley written by Robert Saxon Brueggeman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David B. Collinge
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118867769
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)
Download or read book Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology written by David B. Collinge and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-13 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant pathogens and diseases are among the most significant challenges to survival that plants face. Disease outbreaks caused by microbial or viral pathogens can decimate crop yields and have severe effects on global food supply. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant immune response and applying this understanding to develop biotechnological tools to enhance plant defense against pathogens has great potential for moderating the impact of plant disease outbreaks. Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology’s main focus is an in depth survey of the biological strategies being used to create transgenic disease resistant plants for sustainable plant resistance Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology is divided into four sections. The first section covers biological mechanisms underpinning disease resistance in plants, while the second highlights case studies of important pathogen-crop groups and then considers why the application of important pathogen-crop groups, transgenic-based strategies designed to selectively target pathogens could benefit crop production. The third section provides information on the status of transgenic crops around the world, and finally the last part explores high-tech alternatives to genetic engineering for developing disease resistant traits in plants. Edited and authored by leaders in the field, Plant Pathogen Resistance Biotechnology will be an invaluable resource to those studying or researching plant biotechnology, plant pathology, plant biology, plant and crop genetics, in addition to crop science.
Author : Upinder Singh Gill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267476630
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (766 download)
Download or read book Understanding and Characterizing the Genes Associated with RPG1-mediated Resistance Pathway Against Stem Rust written by Upinder Singh Gill and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barley stem rust resistance gene, Rpg1 (Reaction to Puccinia graminis 1), confers durable resistance to barley cultivars against stem rust caused by many races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. The current study was focused on understanding and characterizing the genes associated with Rpg1 in barley. HvRIN4 (a barley homolog of RPM1 interacting protein in Arabidopsis), which interacts with RPG1 in an yeast two-hybrid system, was isolated, characterized and studied for its role in barley. Using gamma-ray mutagenesis, six mutants affecting the Rpg1-mediated resistance against stem rust were identified. All mutants retained a functional Rpg1 gene and were non-allelic, suggesting that the mutated genes were required for downstream or upstream signaling. Low and high-resolution genetic mapping of the mutant gamma 08--118 gene identified a 0.6 cM region of chromosome 6H of barley for its location. In another study the applicability of wheat Conserved Orthologous Set (COS) markers on diverse cereal germplasm and their efficacy was investigated. Overall, this research will help in understanding the mechanism of Rpg1-mediated durable resistance against stem rust in barley.
Author : Robert Saxon Brueggeman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (611 download)
Download or read book Characterization of the Barley Stem Rust Resistance Gene Rpg1 Family written by Robert Saxon Brueggeman and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stephen Lindsay Fox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Genetics and Pathology Involving Stem Rust Resistance in Barley written by Stephen Lindsay Fox and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Indu Sharma
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845938186
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)
Download or read book Disease Resistance in Wheat written by Indu Sharma and published by CABI. This book was released on 2012 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disease resistance is one of the major factors that can be improved to sustain yield potential in cultivated crops. This book looks at disease resistance in wheat, concentrating on all the economically important diseases -- their economic impact and geographical spread, breeding for resistance, pathogen variability, resistance mechanisms and recent advances made on resistance genes. Newer strategies for identifying resistance genes and identify resistance mechanisms are discussed, including cloning, gene transfer and the use of genetically modified plants.
Author : Moureen Nansamba
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (938 download)
Download or read book Mapping of Resistance Genes in Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) to Oat Stem Rust Pathogen, Puccinia Graminis F. Sp. Avenae written by Moureen Nansamba and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : RA McIntosh
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
ISBN 13 : 0643103023
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (431 download)
Download or read book Wheat Rusts written by RA McIntosh and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although stem rust has been controlled by means of resistant cultivars, leaf and stripe rust continue as problems for many growing areas of the world. Wheat Rusts: An Atlas of Resistance Genes has been prepared by specialists from one of the leading international laboratories, and illustrates with colour photographs typical resistance phenotypes associated with most known genes for resistance to the three rust diseases of wheat. Relevant details for each gene include chromosome location, aspects of genetics and pathogen variation, the effects of environment on expression, origin, availability in genetic and breeding stocks, and use in agriculture. This atlas includes an introduction to host:pathogen genetics, methodologies for wheat rust research and breeding for resistance.
Author : Alan P. Roelfs
Publisher : CIMMYT
ISBN 13 : 9789686127478
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (274 download)
Download or read book Rust Diseases of Wheat written by Alan P. Roelfs and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1992 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Xianming Chen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9402411119
Total Pages : 723 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (24 download)
Download or read book Stripe Rust written by Xianming Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively introduces stripe rust disease, its development and its integral control. Covering the biology, genetics, genome, and functional genomics of the pathogen, it also discusses host and non-host resistance, their interactions and the epidemiology of the disease. It is intended for scientists, postgraduates and undergraduate studying stripe rust, plant pathology, crop breeding, crop protection and agricultural science, but is also a valuable reference book for consultants and administrators in agricultural businesses and education.
Author : Devendra Pal Singh
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1771885475
Total Pages : 683 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (718 download)
Download or read book Management of Wheat and Barley Diseases written by Devendra Pal Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-12 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both wheat and barley are two of the most important food and industrial crops in the world. Wheat and barley cultivation has experienced changes in practices due to factors such as methods of conservation agriculture, cropping systems, wheat varieties, changes in weather patterns, and international trade, necessitating new and different approaches for the successful management of emerging diseases and new pathotypes of pathogens. This valuable volume explores a multitude of new approaches and techniques for the effective management of emerging wheat diseases. This new volume presents the latest literature on management technology of diseases that affect the production of wheat and are capable of reducing grain yields as well as grain quality. These diseases include rusts, smuts, other foliar diseases such as blight, spots, blotch, powdery mildew, bunts, etc., as well as diseases such as Karnal bunt of wheat, which is of importance to international trade. This book will be highly valuable to researchers, students, teachers, farmers, seed growers, traders, and other stakeholders dealing with wheat and barley. It also advances our knowledge in the field of plant pathology, plant breeding, and plant biotechnology, agronomy, and grain quality and pesticide industries. The book will serve as a reference on disease management technologies for the containment of losses in wheat and barley yields and will assist in maintaining wheat quality, reducing the cost of cultivation, increasing yield, and thus in helping to ensuring food security on a global level.
Author : Nusret Zencirci
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030773884
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Wheat Landraces written by Nusret Zencirci and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Landraces possess a very large genetic base in population structure and are dynamic populations of cultivated plants with historical origin, distinct identity, and without any formal crop improvement. They are often genetically diverse, locally adapted, and associated with traditional farming systems. Resistance genes to biotic and abiotic stress factors, which are especially diversified in landraces, are of great interest to plant breeders, faced with global climate challenge. In addition, gene pools made of different landraces grown in different ecological conditions can be used for wheat breeding to enhance quality; yield and other desirable agricultural parameters. An estimated 75% of the genetic diversity of crop plants was lost in the last century due to the replacement of high yielding modern varieties. There is, thus, an urgent need to preserve existing species, not only for posterity but also as a means to secure food supply for a rising world population. In this book, we provide an overview of wheat landraces with special attention to genetic diversities, conservation, and utilization.
Author : Carlos Rossi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (631 download)
Download or read book Testing the Effectiveness of Barley Stripe Rust Resistance QTL Detected in Mexico and the USA Against a Possible New Race in Peru and Mapping of Genes Conferring Resistance to Leaf Rust and Mildew in the Same Population written by Carlos Rossi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barley is the fourth most important cereal crop in the world because of its broad adaptation, its utility as a feedstock and for human food, and the superior properties of barley malt for brewing. Three of the most important foliar diseases of barley, on a worldwide level are: barley leaf rust caused by Puccinia hordei G. Otth, barley stripe rust (yellow rust) caused by Puccinia striformis Westend f sp. hordei and powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Although barley is an autogamous species, there is sufficient DNA-level diversity for efficient linkage map construction and this polymorphism has been used for extensive mapping and QTL detection efforts. The ICARDA/CIMMYT barley program is an important source of quantitative disease resistance genes. Oregon State University and the ICARDA/CIMMYT barley program have maintained a long-term collaborative effort to map and deploy stripe rust resistance genes. This germplasm has shown consistent and adequate levels of resistance over the past 18 years in repeated tests in Mexico and the USA. However, in the 1999-2000 season there were reports from Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador that there was a new race of stripe rust that was causing high levels of disease on formerly resistant varieties and experimental materials. This was cause of concern because considerable effort had been invested in identifying stripe rust quantitative resistance genes, based on the assumption that they would prove durable. We therefore used a well-characterized barley QTL mapping population - the ORO population - which is derived from the cross of BCD47 x Baronesse, to determine if barley stripe resistance QTL mapped in Mexico and the USA were effective in Peru. The same resistances QTL were detected in Peru as in Mexico and the USA. If there is a new virulence in Peru, the mapped QTL are still effective and under field conditions do not show specificity to any race the population has been challenged with in the Americas. This finding is of importance to barley breeders interested in deploying effective resistance genes. Confirmation of a new race in Peru will require characterization against a standard set of differentials, an experiment that is planned. The increase in disease severity of C110587, a genotype with a mapped qualitative resistance gene, between Mexico and Peru suggests there is a new race in Peru. The highest levels of resistance in Peru were achieved in lines where the qualitative resistance gene was pyramided with quantitative resistance alleles. We also used the ORO population to map QTL for barley leaf rust and barley powdery mildew in the Andean region and for the latter disease identified resistance QTL in addition to the Mia resistance mapped using specific isolates under controlled conditions. The availability of this germplasm, with mapped genes conferring quantitative resistance to three diseases, will be a resource for the barley breeding community.
