Investigations Into Biological Influences On The Carbon Isotopic Composition D13c Of Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol And Ocean Aerosol Transfer Of Organic Material

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Investigations Into Biological Influences on the Carbon Isotopic Composition (d13C) of Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol and Ocean-Aerosol Transfer of Organic Material

Author : Daniel Robert Crocker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigations Into Biological Influences on the Carbon Isotopic Composition (d13C) of Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol and Ocean-Aerosol Transfer of Organic Material by : Daniel Robert Crocker

Download or read book Investigations Into Biological Influences on the Carbon Isotopic Composition (d13C) of Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol and Ocean-Aerosol Transfer of Organic Material written by Daniel Robert Crocker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric aerosols remain the largest uncertainty in assessments of the anthropogenic influence on Earth's radiative budget. Aerosols affect Earth's radiative budget directly, by reflecting and absorbing incoming solar radiation, and indirectly, by serving as nuclei for water and ice cloud formation. Current estimates of anthropogenic impacts on the direct and indirect aerosol effects are hindered by an inadequate understanding of how naturally produced aerosols contribute to both processes. Sea spray aerosol (SSA), formed by oceanic wave breaking, represents the largest source of natural aerosol to the atmosphere by mass. The climate-relevant properties of SSA, such as hygroscopicity, reflectivity, and ice nucleation ability, are highly dependent on the amount and composition of the organic material transferred from the seawater into these aerosols. The composition of this organic material is strongly influenced by microbial activity in the seawater, highlighting the importance of employing new techniques to examine the impact of oceanic biological activity on the organic material transferred into SSA. Carbon isotopic analysis has been frequently employed to differentiate between anthropogenic and natural sources of aerosol carbon, but has not previously been applied to study ocean-aerosol transfer of organic material. In my dissertation work, I measured carbon isotopic compositions (d13C) of seawater and SSA organic material during two laboratory phytoplankton blooms, identifying an increased contribution of "freshly-produced" carbon to SSA, strongly controlled by the microbial loop. I further demonstrate that not accounting for this biological influence on the d13C value of nascent SSA can lead to significant underestimates in the contribution of anthropogenic aerosol carbon to the marine environment (Chapter 2). Building from this work, I investigated differences between submicron and supermicron SSA during a wave channel mesocosm experiment. The stark differences between these two SSA fractions, with supermicron SSA heavily influenced by biological activity and submicron SSA primarily influenced by surface-active anthropogenic compounds originating from the coastal seawater, reveals the importance of biology and ocean-aerosol transfer processes on SSA organic composition and d13C (Chapter 3). Finally, I explored biologically induced changes in seawater submicron particulates (SMPs) in the bulk seawater and SSML to better understand how seawater biology may influence the transfer of ice nucleating entities into SSA (Chapter 4).

Ocean Biogeochemistry

Author : Michael J.R. Fasham
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642558445
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Ocean Biogeochemistry by : Michael J.R. Fasham

Download or read book Ocean Biogeochemistry written by Michael J.R. Fasham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceans account for 50% of the anthropogenic CO2 released into the atmosphere. During the past 15 years an international programme, the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS), has been studying the ocean carbon cycle to quantify and model the biological and physical processes whereby CO2 is pumped from the ocean's surface to the depths of the ocean, where it can remain for hundreds of years. This project is one of the largest multi-disciplinary studies of the oceans ever carried out and this book synthesises the results. It covers all aspects of the topic ranging from air-sea exchange with CO2, the role of physical mixing, the uptake of CO2 by marine algae, the fluxes of carbon and nitrogen through the marine food chain to the subsequent export of carbon to the depths of the ocean. Special emphasis is laid on predicting future climatic change.

Investigating Sources of Molecular Uncharacterized Organic Carbon in Sinking Particles from Three Ocean Basins

Author : Leslie Roland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigating Sources of Molecular Uncharacterized Organic Carbon in Sinking Particles from Three Ocean Basins by : Leslie Roland

Download or read book Investigating Sources of Molecular Uncharacterized Organic Carbon in Sinking Particles from Three Ocean Basins written by Leslie Roland and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Isoscapes

Author : Jason B. West
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048133548
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Isoscapes by : Jason B. West

Download or read book Isoscapes written by Jason B. West and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-25 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stable isotope ratio variation in natural systems reflects the dynamics of Earth systems processes and imparts isotope labels to Earth materials. Carbon isotope ratios of atmospheric CO2 record exchange of carbon between the biosphere and the atmosphere; the incredible journeys of migrating monarchs is documented by hydrogen isotopes in their wings; and water carries an isotopic record of its source and history as it traverses the atmosphere and land surface. Through these and many other examples, improved understanding of spatio-temporal isotopic variation in Earth systems is leading to innovative new approaches to scientific problem-solving. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the theory, methods, and applications that are enabling new disciplinary and cross-disciplinary advances through the study of "isoscapes": isotopic landscapes. "This impressive new volume shows scientists deciphering and using the natural isotope landscapes that subtly adorn our spaceship Earth.", Brian Fry, Coastal Ecology Institute, Louisiana State University, USA "An excellent timely must read and must-have reference book for anybody interested or engaged in applying stable isotope signatures to questions in e.g. Anthropology, Biogeochemistry, Ecology, or Forensic Science regarding chronological and spatial movement, changes, or distribution relating to animals, humans, plants, or water.", Wolfram Meier-Augenstein, Centre for Anatomy & Human Identification, University of Dundee, UK "Natural resources are being affected by global change, but exactly where, how, and at what pace? Isoscapes provide new and remarkably precise answers.", John Hayes, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, USA "This exciting volume is shaping a new landscape in environmental sciences that is utilizing the remarkable advances in isotope research to enhance and extend the capabilities of the field.", Dan Yakir, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel

Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environments, Volume 2

Author : Cinzia Verde
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642448881
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environments, Volume 2 by : Cinzia Verde

Download or read book Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environments, Volume 2 written by Cinzia Verde and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of “Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environments – The Impacts of Global Change on Biodiversity” from the series “From Pole to Pole” integrates the marine biology contribution of the first tome to the IPY 2007-2009, presenting overviews of organisms (from bacteria and ciliates to higher vertebrates) thriving on polar continental shelves, slopes and deep sea. The speed and extent of warming in the Arctic and in regions of Antarctica (the Peninsula, at the present ) are greater than elsewhere. Changes impact several parameters, in particular the extent of sea ice; organisms, ecosystems and communities that became finely adapted to increasing cold in the course of millions of years are now becoming vulnerable, and biodiversity is threatened. Investigating evolutionary adaptations helps to foresee the impact of changes in temperate areas, highlighting the invaluable contribution of polar marine research to present and future outcomes of the IPY in the Earth system scenario.

Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change

Author : Mark B. Bush
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540239081
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change by : Mark B. Bush

Download or read book Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change written by Mark B. Bush and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is to provide a current overview of the impacts of climate change on tropical forests, to investigate past, present, and future climatic influences on the ecosystems with the highest biodiversity on the planet.Tropical Rainforest Responses to Climatic Change will be the first book to examine how tropical rain forest ecology is altered by climate change, rather than simply seeing how plant communities were altered. Shifting the emphasis onto ecological processes e.g. how diversity is structured by climate and the subsequent impact on tropical forest ecology, provides the reader with a more comprehensive coverage. A major theme of this book that emerges progressively is the interaction between humans, climate and forest ecology. While numerous books have appeared dealing with forest fragmentation and conservation, none have explicitly explored the long term occupation of tropical systems, the influence of fire and the future climatic effects of deforestation, coupled with anthropogenic emissions. Incorporating modelling of past and future systems paves the way for a discussion of conservation from a climatic perspective, rather than the usual plea to stop logging.

Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation

Author : Ian L. Boyd
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199216568
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation by : Ian L. Boyd

Download or read book Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation written by Ian L. Boyd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of our knowledge about marine mammals is derived from a long-term and dedicated research effort that is evolving rapidly due to the introduction and invention of new methods.This book reflects the inventiveness of marine researchers as they try to find ways around the problems presented to them by these unusual and challenging animals.

Bryophyte Biology

Author : Bernard Goffinet
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521693226
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis Bryophyte Biology by : Bernard Goffinet

Download or read book Bryophyte Biology written by Bernard Goffinet and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully updated and expanded new edition offers a complete overview of hornworts, liverworts, and mosses--diverse groups of land plants that occupy many habitats throughout the world. Revised classifications incorporate contributions from the most recent phylogenetic studies. Six new chapters have also been added, focusing on Physcomitrella to plant genomic research, population ecology of bryophytes, mechanisms of drought tolerance, a phylogenomic perspective on land plant evolution, and problems and progress of bryophyte speciation and conservation. Rich in primary source references and written by leaders in the field, this comprehensive text is suitable for advanced students and researchers.

Geoparks and Geotourism

Author : Neda Torabi Farsani
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1612335519
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Geoparks and Geotourism by : Neda Torabi Farsani

Download or read book Geoparks and Geotourism written by Neda Torabi Farsani and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to identify geotourism and geoparks as gateways to socio-cultural, socio-environmental, and socio-economic sustainability in rural areas. At present, geotourism is a new movement helping travelers to increase their knowledge about natural resources, the cultural identities of host communities, and ways of preserving them. The 'emerging tourism' niche of geotourism is still at an early stage of commercial development in most countries, and geoparks as a sustainable development model for protected areas are pioneers in the development of geotourism marketing. The establishment of the European Geoparks Network and the Global Geoparks Network are positive steps toward the preservation and presentation of geo-heritage as a new tourist attraction. Geoparks and Geotourism provides an opportunity for students, professionals, and authorities of geoparks to take advantage of emerging techniques to create new products, facilities, services, technologies, and management practices for geoparks in the future. Consequently, the book is a paradigm for geoparks who want to come under the umbrella of the Global Geoparks Network. The numerous examples provided of geoparks currently attracting travelers may contribute to the creation of innovative strategies for sustainability and geoconservation in rural areas around the world.

Fluids in the Crust

Author : K. Shmulovich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780412563201
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis Fluids in the Crust by : K. Shmulovich

Download or read book Fluids in the Crust written by K. Shmulovich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1994-12-31 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For much of the 20th century, scientific contacts between the Soviet Union and western countries were few and far between, and often super ficial. In earth sciences, ideas and data were slow to cross the Iron Curtain, and there was considerable mutual mistrust of diverging scient ific philosophies. In geochemistry, most western scientists were slow to appreciate the advances being made in the Soviet Union by os. Korz hinskii, who put the study of ore genesis on a rigorous thermodynamic basis as early as the 1930s. Korzhinskii appreciated that the most fun damental requirement for the application of quantitative models is data on mineral and fluid behaviour at the elevated pressures and temper atures that occur in the Earth's crust. He began the work at the Institute of Experimental Mineralogy (IEM) in 1965, and it became a separate establishment of the Academy of Sciences in Chernogolovka in 1969. The aim was to initiate a major programme of high P-T experimental studies to apply physical chemistry and thermodynamics to resolving geological problems. For many years, Chernogolovka was a closed city, and western scient ists were unable to visit the laboratories, but with the advent of peres troika in 1989, the first groups of visitors were eagerly welcomed to the IEM. What they found was an experimental facility on a massive scale, with 300 staff, including 80 researchers and most of the rest pro viding technical support.

Landscapes and Landforms of Turkey

Author : Catherine Kuzucuoğlu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030035158
Total Pages : 635 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Landscapes and Landforms of Turkey by : Catherine Kuzucuoğlu

Download or read book Landscapes and Landforms of Turkey written by Catherine Kuzucuoğlu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book on Turkish geomorphology offers location descriptions, based on their dynamics and evolution processes, including hydrology, tectonics, volcanism, slopes, coasts, ice/snow, and wind. It presents landforms as a result of evolution (Quaternary, Holocene, historic) and in relation to the elements determining and/or impacting this evolution (vegetation, soil, hydrology, geology, climate, sea level and human action) as well as the resulting landscapes. Richly illustrated with pictures from each site, including geomorphological maps and sections, it explains the risks associated with the geomorphological dynamics (on local and global scales), natural and/or cultural heritage (archaeology, prehistory, history, architectural specifications adapted to the landscape), as well as challenges for human society (endangered landscape, protection/conservation rules/statutes, posters/paintings.).

Principles of Stable Isotope Distribution

Author : Robert E. Criss
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190283580
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Stable Isotope Distribution by : Robert E. Criss

Download or read book Principles of Stable Isotope Distribution written by Robert E. Criss and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999-06-03 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a quantitative treatment of the theory and natural variations of light stable isotopes. It discusses isotope distribution in the context of fractionation processes, thermodynamics, mass conservation, exchange kinetics, and diffusion theory, and includes more than 100 original equations. The theoretical principles are illustrated with natural examples that emphasize oxygen and hydrogen isotope variations in natural waters, terrestrial and extraterrestrial rocks, and hydrothermal systems. New data on meteoric precipitation, rivers, springs, formation fluids, and hydrothermal systems are included in relation to various natural phenomena. Essentially, this book seeks to reconnect the diverse phenomenological observations of isotope distribution to the quantitative theories of physical chemistry and the language of differential equations. It may serve as a textbook for advanced students, as a research reference, or as a quick source of information. The book is organized into five chapters, each followed by suggested quantitative problems and a short reference list. The three theoretical chapters progress from an elementary review of the physical chemistry of stable isotopes, to the thermodynamics of isotopic compounds, and finally to the calculation of isotope distribution in dynamic systems. The third and fifth chapters emphasize oxygen and hydrogen isotope variations in Earth's hydrosphere and lithosphere, constituting the most important examples of the theoretical principles. Appendices provide data on atomic weights of light elements, physical constants, mathematical relationships, and isotopic fractionation factors.

Tropentag 2012

Author : Eric Tielkes
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 373694215X
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Tropentag 2012 by : Eric Tielkes

Download or read book Tropentag 2012 written by Eric Tielkes and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ground-water Resources of the Alma Area, Michigan

Author : Kenneth Eugene Vanlier
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Ground-water Resources of the Alma Area, Michigan by : Kenneth Eugene Vanlier

Download or read book Ground-water Resources of the Alma Area, Michigan written by Kenneth Eugene Vanlier and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Principles of Stable Isotope Geochemistry

Author : Zachary Sharp
Publisher : Prentice Hall
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Stable Isotope Geochemistry by : Zachary Sharp

Download or read book Principles of Stable Isotope Geochemistry written by Zachary Sharp and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2007 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first dedicated book to cover the basics of a wide range of stable isotope applications in a manner appropriate for someone entering the field. At the same time, it offers sufficient detail - and numerous references and examples - to direct research for further inquiry. Discusses diverse topics such as hydrology, carbon in plants, meteorites, carbonates, metamorphic rocks, etc. Explores the theory and principles of isotope fractionation. Offers unique, up-to-date discussion of meteorite (extraterrestrial) isotope data. Presents the subject in an interesting historical context, with the classic papers noted. A useful reference for students taking the course and professionals entering the field of Geochemistry.

Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards

Author : Joao C. Duarte
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119053978
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards by : Joao C. Duarte

Download or read book Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards written by Joao C. Duarte and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-08-08 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The beginning of the new millennium has been particularly devastating in terms of natural disasters associated with tectonic plate boundaries, such as earthquakes in Sumatra, Chile, Japan, Tahiti, and Nepal; the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean tsunamis; and volcanoes in Indonesia, Chile, Iceland that have produced large quantities of ash causing major disruption to aviation. In total, half a million people were killed by such natural disasters. These recurring events have increased our awareness of the destructive power of natural hazards and the major risks associated with them. While we have come a long way in the search for understanding such natural phenomena, and although our knowledge of Earth dynamics and plate tectonics has improved enormously, there are still fundamental uncertainties in our understanding of natural hazards. Increased understanding is crucial to improve our capacity for hazard prediction and mitigation. Volume highlights include: Main concepts associated with tectonic plate boundaries Novel studies on boundary-related natural hazards Fundamental concepts that improve hazard prediction and mitigation Plate Boundaries and Natural Hazards will be a valuable resource for scientists and students in the fields of geophysics, geochemistry, plate tectonics, natural hazards, and climate science. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/plate-boundaries-and-natural-hazards

Conservation Science for the Cultural Heritage

Author : Evangelia A. Varella
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642309852
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Conservation Science for the Cultural Heritage by : Evangelia A. Varella

Download or read book Conservation Science for the Cultural Heritage written by Evangelia A. Varella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation Science is a rather innovative application of instrumental analysis with steadily increasing importance. Although the first attempts for preserving material from the cultural heritage on a scientific basis are found in the 19th century pioneer chemistry years, only the use of sophisticated physicochemical techniques results in effective identification and deterioration studies of monuments and objects, and in reliable intervention procedures. This volume allows to gain solid knowledge and improved skills on the ways separation schemes and diagnostic methodologies are applied in the safeguarding and authentication of tangible works of art; as well as on the modes of implementing novel safeguarding practices built on well-established principles – such as the use of laser in the decontamination of objects. All techniques are covered at a state-of-the-art level; while selected applications permit addressing major groups of materials and artefacts. Conservation Science is nowadays taught at master’s level in all developed countries, and museum laboratories increasingly adopt scientific approaches in their restoration initiatives. The book is intended as a valuable tool for students and professionals active in these frames. In addition, it provides an indispensable manual for participants in the specialized intensive courses, which are systematically offered by the authors under the auspices of the relevant European network.