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Investigation Of Infrared Spectral Absorptivity Variation Of Water Vapor At High Temperatures
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Book Synopsis Investigation of Infrared Spectral Absorptivity Variation of Water Vapor at High Temperatures by : Ronald Ward Keil
Download or read book Investigation of Infrared Spectral Absorptivity Variation of Water Vapor at High Temperatures written by Ronald Ward Keil and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Outline for the RTNEPH Infrared Atmospheric Water Vapor Attenuation Study by : Robert Paul D'Entremont
Download or read book An Outline for the RTNEPH Infrared Atmospheric Water Vapor Attenuation Study written by Robert Paul D'Entremont and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Real-Time Nephanalysis (RTNE PH) generates real-time global analysis of cloud extent, base, height, and type. The RTNE PH makes extensive use of satellite data that are measured in the 10-12 micron infrared (IR) window for thermal mapping of clouds and the earth's surface both day and night. Water vapor absorption effects are significant in such data, especially for high viewing angles and tropical atmospheres where water vapor concentrations are generally high. Water vapor attenuates the emitted ground radiance, reducing its magnitude and with it the apparent temperature of the surface being viewed. Currently, the RTNEPH takes into account such attenuation losses using lookup tables that are functions of viewing geometry, time of day, type of background, and the like. However, these corrections have limited value and leave room for significant improvement. This report outlines and presents two new techniques that are expected to enhance the attenuation correction capabilities of the RTNEPH, multivariate polynomial regression (the Weinreb technique) and the correlated K method.
Book Synopsis Infrared Absorption of Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor Mixtures at High Temperatures by : Kiichiro Saido
Download or read book Infrared Absorption of Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor Mixtures at High Temperatures written by Kiichiro Saido and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nu-averaged Infrared Absorption Coefficients of Water Vapor by : R. F. Calfee
Download or read book Nu-averaged Infrared Absorption Coefficients of Water Vapor written by R. F. Calfee and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We report the quantitative absorption coefficients of water vapor in a format suitable for calculation of water vapor absorption spectra characterized by instrumental bandpasses of 1 cm−1 or greater in the 670 to 1450 cm−1 region. The coefficients are derived from individual line parameters of H2O and represent a useful way of reducing line parameter data to a practical volume of information for 1 cm−1 resolution spectra of the troposphere. Transmission spectra for three water vapor concentrations show typical applications of the absorption coefficient tables. The application of the data is restricted to conditions within 10% of 1 atmosphere pressure and a temperature of 296 K if a transmission accuracy of 2% is to be maintained.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Spectroscopic Studies on Water Vapor and Liquid Water by : CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA GUGGENHEIM JET PROPULSION CENTER.
Download or read book Quantitative Spectroscopic Studies on Water Vapor and Liquid Water written by CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA GUGGENHEIM JET PROPULSION CENTER. and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: MEASUREMENTS OF INFRARED ABSORPTION BY WATER VAPOR AT TEMPERATURES UP TO 1000 K, by R. Goldstein; TRANSMISSION OF INFRARED RADIATION THROUGH LIQUID WATER AND THROUGH WATER VAPOR NEAR SATURATION, by R. Goldstein and S.S. Penner; THE NEAR INFRARED ABSORPTION OF LIQUID WATER AT TEMPERATURES BETWEEN 27 AND 209 C, by R. Goldstein; APPROXIMATE SPECTRAL EMISSIVITY CALCULATIONS FOR WATER VAPOR AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES, by R. Goldstein and L.D. Gray.
Book Synopsis Final Report Under Contract No. AF19 (122)-198 by : Northern Arizona University. Atmospheric Research Observatory
Download or read book Final Report Under Contract No. AF19 (122)-198 written by Northern Arizona University. Atmospheric Research Observatory and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Infrared Absorption by Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, and Minor Atmospheric Constituents by :
Download or read book Infrared Absorption by Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, and Minor Atmospheric Constituents written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applications of Infrared Hyper-spectra in Atmospheric Sounding, Climate Feedback Analysis, and Model Validation by : Maziar Bani Shahabadi
Download or read book Applications of Infrared Hyper-spectra in Atmospheric Sounding, Climate Feedback Analysis, and Model Validation written by Maziar Bani Shahabadi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The thermal infrared radiation has rich information content about surface properties, atmospheric gas composition and temperature profiling. Meteorological satellites and ground instruments are used to monitor upwelling and downwelling radiances, respectively. This study provides new analysis methodologies in different applications of hyperspectral infrared data in climate and weather monitoring. In the first study, an airborne spectrometer flying at tropopause level is proposed for stratospheric H2O sounding derived from downwelling radiances. A motivation is that variations of stratospheric water vapor impact significantly on the surface radiation budget. The advantage of using an airborne spectrometer is its ability to capture the small-scale H2O variability. A Line-By-Line radiative transfer model (LBLRTM) and Gauss-Newton iterative techniques are used to construct the retrieval algorithm. Our simulation experiments show that a spectrometer with 700-2000 cm-1 spectral coverage, 1 cm-1 spectral resolution, 10 s observation time, 12 cm aperture diameter, and realistic noise levels across different bands can reach a retrieval accuracy of 0.5 ppmv and 1 K for simultaneous retrieval of H2O and temperature in the lower to middle stratosphere. We also find that far infrared ( 700 cm-1) spectral measurements, because of their significantly higher noise level, provide little additional benefit for this application. In the second study, application of hyper-spectral radiance data for climate feedback analysis is discussed. Using General Circulation Model (GCM) profiles as input to the Moderate resolution atmospheric Transmission (MODTRAN) radiation code, spectral water vapor sensitivity Jacobians are developed to study the impact of water vapor on the Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR). It is shown that OLR changes linearly with water vapor change in the atmospheric window (800-1250 cm-1) and logarithmically in the water vapor absorption bands (the rotational band: 0-560 cm-1 and the vibrational-rotational band 1250-1850 cm-1). Using a Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model, LBLRTM, we develop second order H2O Jacobians and show that these terms provide a more accurate estimate of the sensitivity of the absorption to H2O perturbations in a given atmospheric layer. Based on these findings, to diagnose the water vapor radiative effect, we propose to rely on hybrid H2O scaling, i.e. linearly in window, and logarithmically in water vapor bands. In the third study, observed infrared radiance data are used to validate forecasts in range 0-24 h in radiance space. We adapt for cloudy sky computations a fast radiative transfer model commonly used at weather centers, RTTOV (Radiative Transfer for Television Operational Vertical Sounder), to generate synthetic radiance spectra from the output of a weather forecast model: the Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model. Synthetic radiance spectra are compared against Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) observed radiance data. Novel in this study, spectral Jacobians of surface temperature, atmospheric temperature, and water vapor, obtained by prescribing unperturbed and perturbed profiles, are used for diagnosing the biases in GEM. Clear-sky diagnosis provides a test of radiation closure, in which we find radiance biases of GEM can be well explained by geophysical variable biases, such as surface temperature, and temperature and water vapor profiles. Cloud-related radiance biases are then further determined in all-sky conditions. Based on this spectral analysis, the following prominent GEM biases were identified: 1) too low (often 5 K) surface temperature over land, notably in daytime; 2) too high upper tropospheric humidity in the subtropical region (equivalent to a negative bias of 3 K in brightness temperature units); 3) a deficit of high clouds in western Pacific ocean Intertropical Convective Zone." --
Book Synopsis Experimental Determination of the Band Absorptivities of Water Vapor at Elevated Pressures and Temperatures by : Keith Ernest Nelson
Download or read book Experimental Determination of the Band Absorptivities of Water Vapor at Elevated Pressures and Temperatures written by Keith Ernest Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Temperature Infrared and Transpiration Studies by : Sterling Price Randall
Download or read book High Temperature Infrared and Transpiration Studies written by Sterling Price Randall and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Radiative Transfer by : Jacqueline Lenoble
Download or read book Atmospheric Radiative Transfer written by Jacqueline Lenoble and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the basis of atmospheric radiative transfer for graduate students, as well as for scientists or engineers who want to start work in this domain. It supposes that the reader has reached a general college level in mathematics & physics. The first part covers the theory of radiative energy transfer & is of interest for a larger audience than only the atmospheric scientists. After carefully defining the various quantities characterizing radiation energy & its interaction with matter, the equation of radiative transfer is established & the laws of blackbody emission reviewed. One chapter presents the detection of radiative energy. The next chapters review the problems of quantitative spectroscopy & the transfer of energy in an absorbing & emitting medium. Finally, the laws of scattering are presented & the transfer of radiation in a scattering medium, including polarization, is analyzed.
Book Synopsis A Study of Atmospheric Effects on the Infrared Spectrum by : R. H. Crompton
Download or read book A Study of Atmospheric Effects on the Infrared Spectrum written by R. H. Crompton and published by . This book was released on 1961* with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: Atmospheric absorption problem Basis of atmos heric absorption Significant atmospheric constituents Water vapor absorption Absorption water vapor content of a slant path through the atmosphere A practical approach to water vapor content Water vapor absorption models The Beer-Lambert law The m thod of Elder and Strong The Elsasser absorption model The Goody model Comparison of models Carbon dioxide absorption Error function absorption model Absorption from CO2 in path length Ozone absorption Error function ozone absorption model Absorption from ozone in path length Total absorption Temperature and pressure effects Scan angles.
Book Synopsis Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards by : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards by :
Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards written by and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Spectral Resolution Infrared Remote Sensing for Earth’s Weather and Climate Studies by : Alain Chedin
Download or read book High Spectral Resolution Infrared Remote Sensing for Earth’s Weather and Climate Studies written by Alain Chedin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of major challenges facing Earth's science in the next decade and beyondis the development of an accurate long term observational data set to study global change. To accomplish this, a wide range of observations will be required to provide both new measurements, not previously achievable and measurements with a greater degreee of accuracy and resolution than the ones which are presently and currently available. Among the parameters that are currently retrieved from satellite vertical sounding observations, temperature and moisture profiles are the most important for the description of the thermodynamic state of the medium. Other parameters, like those describing the cloud fields, the surface state or the conditions close to the surface are also key parameters for meteorology and climatology. A new generation of high spectral atmospheric sounders in the infrared has recently been designed to provide both new and more accurate data about the atmosphere, land and oceans for application to climate studies. Among the important observations that these instruments should contribute to the climate data set are day and night global measurements of: atmospheric temperature profiles; relative humidity profiles; cloud field parameters; total ozone burden of the atmosphere; distribution of minor atmospehric gases (methane, carbonmonoxide and nitrous oxide).
Book Synopsis Physicochemical Methods in the Study of Biomembranes by : Herwig J. Hilderson
Download or read book Physicochemical Methods in the Study of Biomembranes written by Herwig J. Hilderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In mammalian cells many physiological processes rely on the dynamics of the organization of lipids and proteins in biological membranes. The topics in this volume deal with physicochemical methods in the study of biomembranes. Some of them have a long and respectable history in the study of soluble proteins and have only recently been applied to the study of membranes. Some have tradi tionally been applied to studies of model systems of lipids of well-defined com position, as well as to intact membranes. Other methods, by their very nature, apply to organized bilayers comprised of both protein and lipid. Van Meer and van Genderen provide us with an introduction to the field (Chapter I). From their personal perspective regarding the distribution, trans port, and sorting of membrane lipids, they formulate a number of biologically relevant questions and show that the physicochemical methods described in this book may contribute in great measure to solving these issues. The methods of analytical ultracentrifugation have served faithfully for 60 years in the study of water-soluble proteins. The use of detergent extraction of membrane proteins, and the manipulation of density with H20/D20 mixtures, has extended this technique to the study of proteins, and in particular their interactions, from biological membranes. As described by Morris and Ralston in Chapter 2, this technique can be used to determine a number of important properties of proteins.
Download or read book Planetary Atmospheres written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
