Introduction to the Properties of Crystal Surfaces

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 148315680X
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to the Properties of Crystal Surfaces by : J. M. Blakely

Download or read book Introduction to the Properties of Crystal Surfaces written by J. M. Blakely and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to the Properties of Crystal Surfaces is an introductory text on crystal surfaces and their properties. A variety of phenomena, including electron emission, adsorption and oxidation, adhesion, friction, nucleation and epitaxial growth, and heterogeneous catalysis, are described by considering the details of the atomic and electronic structure in the surface region. This volume is comprised of seven chapters and begins with a discussion on the thermodynamics of surfaces, along with the equilibrium configuration at the intersection of interfaces and the effects of curvature of crystalline surfaces. The next chapter examines the properties of interfaces in multi-component systems, followed by an analysis of experimental measurements of surface tension in solids. The atomic structure of crystal surfaces and some theoretical aspects of surface studies are also considered, and experimental methods in used in such studies are outlined. The final chapter deals with two atomic processes that are involved in a number of reactions at crystal surfaces: surface atomic diffusion and adsorption. This book is intended for senior undergraduates in a materials science type of curriculum or those beginning research work in the field or associated areas.

Properties of Single Organic Molecules on Crystal Surfaces

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Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1908979992
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Properties of Single Organic Molecules on Crystal Surfaces by : Peter Grütter

Download or read book Properties of Single Organic Molecules on Crystal Surfaces written by Peter Grütter and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006-05-03 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within nanoscience, an emerging discipline is the study of the physics and chemistry of single molecules. Molecules may be considered as the ultimate building blocks, and are therefore interesting for the development of molecular devices and for surface functionalization. Thus, it is interesting to study their properties when adsorbed on a suitable substrate such as a solid or crystal surface, and also for their potential applications in nano- or molecular-electronics and nanosensing. Investigations have been made possible by the advent of high resolution surface imaging and characterization techniques, commonly referred to as Scanning Probe Microscopes. This book focuses on the fascinating properties of the single molecules, and the difference between single molecules and ensembles of molecules is emphasized. As the first book intended for graduate courses in the field, after each chapter, students should be able to answer the question: “What physical or chemical properties do you learn from a single molecule in this particular context?” Contributed by experts across the disciplines, the book provides useful reference material for specialized practitioners in surface science, nanoscience and nanoelectronics. Contents:Introduction:Basic Properties of Metal Surfaces (A L Vázquez de Parga & R Miranda)Basic Properties of Silicon Surfaces (M J Butcher & M Y Simmons)Experimental Methods:Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Scanning Force Microscopy (S Hembacher & F Giessibl)Optical Detection of Single Molecules at Interfaces (B Hecht)Theoretical Methods:Ab Initio Modeling of Molecular Electronics (D Roubtsov et al.)Perturbation Methods in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (W A Hofer)Spectroscopy of Single Molecule(s) on Surfaces:Properties of Single Molecules: Manipulation, Dissociation and Synthesis with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (K-F Braun & S-W Hla)Single Molecule Vibrational Spectroscopy and Chemistry (J I Pascual & N Lorente)Local Modification of Surfaces Induced by Adsorbed Molecules:Superlattices of Atoms, Molecules and Islands (H Brune)Mobility of Complex Organic Species at Metal Surfaces (J V Barth)Molecular Monolayers on Silicon Surfaces (G P Lopinski & D D M Wayner)Functionalization of Semiconductor Surfaces by Organic Layers: Concerted Cycloaddition versus Stepwise Free-Radical Reaction Mechanisms (A Bilic et al.)Electronic Properties of Single Molecules on Metal Surfaces:Molecular Electronics (R Stadler)Exploring the Catalytic Activity of a Noble Metal: The Ag Catalyzed Ethylene Epoxidation Reaction (M-L Bocquet & A Michaelides) Readership: Graduate students, scientists, researchers in condensed matter physics, physical chemistry, materials and nanoscience. Keywords:Nanoscience;Molecular Electronics;Scanning Probe Microscopy;Molecule-Surface InteractionsKey Features:Each chapter is self-contained and written in a readable style, accessible to a broad audience of non-specialistsAll chapters have been peer-reviewedReviews:“On the whole, the book offers some outstanding reviews of single molecule research in the past decade with a particular emphasis on scanning tunneling microscopy.”Journal of the American Chemical Society “I found all of the articles to be of real interest and to contain information that broadened my existing knowledge. The articles were also helpful in not only presenting current research, but in providing critical comment and highlighting areas for future work. I was also impressed by the balance between experiment and theory … I believe that this book would be a very valuable text for graduate students, teachers and researchers interested in the interaction of organic molecules with surfaces.”Australian Physics

Surface Science

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471252399
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (523 download)

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Book Synopsis Surface Science by : John B. Hudson

Download or read book Surface Science written by John B. Hudson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-03-09 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, authoritative introduction to the central issues in surface science. This volume takes a practical, experimental approach to modern surface science. Professor John B. Hudson promotes an intuitive understanding of the concepts of surface science by using physical examples to illustrate basic surface structures and phenomena. Accessible and easy to read throughout, Surface Science provides a solid foundation from which to develop a conceptual understanding of the field. Divided into four sections, Surface Science begins with descriptions of the structure, thermodynamics, and mobility of clean surfaces, then moves on to explore the interaction of gas molecules with solid surfaces. Next, Professor Hudson discusses the energetic particle interactions that are the basis for the majority of techniques developed to reveal the structure and chemistry of surfaces. The book concludes with a presentation of the background material involved in crystal nucleation and growth. The product of more than three decades of experience in introducing students to surface science, this book includes: * State-of-the-art surface analysis techniques * Examples of phenomena and structures from current and classical works * A comprehensive presentation that can be easily tailored to senior undergraduate and graduate courses in a variety of disciplines * Extensive references and course-proven end-of-chapter problems. Surface Science is an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in engineering and the physical sciences who want a general overview of surface science. It also provides important background information for researchers just starting out in the field. JOHN B. HUDSON, PhD, is Professor of Materials Science in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.

An Introduction to Composite Materials

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107393183
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Composite Materials by : D. Hull

Download or read book An Introduction to Composite Materials written by D. Hull and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-08-13 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition has been greatly enlarged and updated to provide both scientists and engineers with a clear and comprehensive understanding of composite materials. In describing both theoretical and practical aspects of their production, properties and usage, the book crosses the borders of many disciplines. Topics covered include: fibres, matrices, laminates and interfaces; elastic deformation, stress and strain, strength, fatigue crack propagation and creep resistance; toughness and thermal properties; fatigue and deterioration under environmental conditions; fabrication and applications. Coverage has been increased to include polymeric, metallic and ceramic matrices and reinforcement in the form of long fibres, short fibres and particles. Designed primarily as a teaching text for final-year undergraduates in materials science and engineering, this book will also interest undergraduates and postgraduates in chemistry, physics, and mechanical engineering. In addition, it will be an excellent source book for academic and technological researchers on materials.

The Optical Properties of Crystals

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The Optical Properties of Crystals by : Paul Groth

Download or read book The Optical Properties of Crystals written by Paul Groth and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thermodynamics of Surfaces and Interfaces

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521879086
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermodynamics of Surfaces and Interfaces by : Gerald H. Meier

Download or read book Thermodynamics of Surfaces and Interfaces written by Gerald H. Meier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible yet rigorous discussion, featuring case studies and study problems to illustrate and reinforce key concepts.

Understanding Surface and Thin Film Science

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482233053
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Surface and Thin Film Science by : Thomas M. Christensen

Download or read book Understanding Surface and Thin Film Science written by Thomas M. Christensen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-08 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a conceptual overview of surface and thin film science, providing a basic and straightforward understanding of the most common ideas and methods used in these fields. Fundamental scientific ideas, deposition methods, and characterization methods are all examined. Relying on simple, conceptual models and figures, fundamental scientific ideas are introduced and then applied to surfaces and thin films in the first half of the book. Topics include vacuum and plasma environments, crystal structure, atomic motion, thermodynamics, electrical and magnetic properties, optical and thermal properties, and adsorbed atoms on surfaces. Common methods of gas-phase thin film deposition are then introduced, starting with an overview of the film growth process and then a discussion of both physical and chemical vapor deposition methods. This is followed by an overview of a wide range of characterization techniques including imaging, structural, chemical, electrical, magnetic, optical, thermal, and mechanical techniques. Thin film science is a natural extension of surface science, especially as applications involve thinner and thinner films; distinct from other literature in the field, this book combines the two topics in a single volume. Simple, conceptual models and figures are used, supported by some mathematical expressions, to convey key ideas to students as well as practicing engineers, scientists, and technicians.

Morphology of Crystals

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792335924
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Morphology of Crystals by : Ichiro Sunagawa

Download or read book Morphology of Crystals written by Ichiro Sunagawa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1995-07-31 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular mechanisms underlying the fact that a crystal can take a variety of external forms is something we have come to understand only in the last few decades. This is due to recent developments in theoretical and experimental investigations of crystal growth mechanisms. Morphology of Crystals is divided into three separately available volumes. Part A contains chapters on roughening transition; equilibrium form; step pattern theory; modern PBC; and surface microtopography. This part provides essentially theoretical treatments of the problem, particularly the solid-liquid interface. Part B contains chapters on ultra-fine particles; minerals; transition from polyhedral to dendrite; theory of dendrite; and snow crystals. All chapters are written by world leaders in their respective areas, and some can be seen as representing the essence of a life's work. This is the first English-language work which covers all aspects of the morphology of crystals - a topic which has attracted top scientific minds for centuries. As such, it is indispensable for anyone seeking an answer to a question relating to this fascinating problem: mineralogists, petrologists, crystallographers, materials scientists, workers in solid-state physics and chemistry, etc. In Parts A: Fundamentals and B: Fine Particles, Minerals and Snow equilibrium and kinetic properties of crystals are generally approached from an `atomistic' point of view. In contrast, Part C: The Geometry of Crystal Growth follows the alternative and complementary `geometrical' description, where bulk phases are considered as continuous media and their interfaces as mathematical surfaces with orientation-dependent properties. Equations of motion for a crystal surface are expressed in terms of vector and tensor operators working on surface free energy and growth rate, both expressed as functions of surface orientation and driving force, or `affinity' for growth. This approach emphasizes the interrelation between equilibrium and kinetic behavior. Part 1 establishes the theoretical framework. Part 2 gives a construction toolbox for explicit (analytic) functions. An extra chapter is devoted to experimental techniques for measuring such functions: a new approach to sphere growth experiments. The emphasis throughout is on principles and new concepts. Audience: Advanced readers familiar with traditional aspects of crystal growth theory. Can be used as the basis for an advanced course, provided supplementation is provided in the areas of atomistic models of the advancing surface, diffusion fields, etc.

Surfaces and Interfaces of Liquid Crystals

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662101572
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (621 download)

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Book Synopsis Surfaces and Interfaces of Liquid Crystals by : Theo Rasing

Download or read book Surfaces and Interfaces of Liquid Crystals written by Theo Rasing and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the state of the art of our understanding of liquid-crystal interfaces on a molecular level. The interactions of liquid crystal molecules with a surface play an essential role in the operation of liquid crystal displays (LCD's) and other LC devices that are based on the controllable anchoring of LC molecules on polymer coated surfaces. This book addresses the microscopic interaction between a macromolecule (liquid crystal, polymer) and a wall, using state of the art surface and interface-sensitive experimental techniques, such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Linear and Nonlinear Optical Microscopy and (Dynamic) Light Scattering (DLS). These experimental techniques were complemented with computer simulations and supra molecular chemistry methods to develop controllable polymeric surfaces.

The Form and Properties of Crystals

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107456096
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Form and Properties of Crystals by : A. B. Dale

Download or read book The Form and Properties of Crystals written by A. B. Dale and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1932, this book provides a guide to the elementary principles underlying the examination, measurement and identification of minerals. The text was designed primarily for students of petrology and chemistry. Numerous illustrative figures and a bibliography are also included. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in crystals and the history of science.

Introduction to Crystal Growth and Characterization

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527684344
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Crystal Growth and Characterization by : Klaus-Werner Benz

Download or read book Introduction to Crystal Growth and Characterization written by Klaus-Werner Benz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-28 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new textbook provides for the first time a comprehensive treatment of the basics of contemporary crystallography and crystal growth in a single volume. The reader will be familiarized with the concepts for the description of morphological and structural symmetry of crystals. The architecture of crystal structures of selected inorganic and molecular crystals is illustrated. The main crystallographic databases as data sources of crystal structures are described. Nucleation processes, their kinetics and main growth mechanism will be introduced in fundamentals of crystal growth. Some phase diagrams in the solid and liquid phases in correlation with the segregation of dopants are treated on a macro- and microscale. Fluid dynamic aspects with different types of convection in melts and solutions are discussed. Various growth techniques for semiconducting materials in connection with the use of external field (magnetic fields and microgravity) are described. Crystal characterization as the overall assessment of the grown crystal is treated in detail with respect to - crystal defects - crystal quality - field of application Introduction to Crystal Growth and Characterization is an ideal textbook written in a form readily accessible to undergraduate and graduate students of crystallography, physics, chemistry, materials science and engineering. It is also a valuable resource for all scientists concerned with crystal growth and materials engineering.

Engineering Crystallography: From Molecule to Crystal to Functional Form

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9402411178
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineering Crystallography: From Molecule to Crystal to Functional Form by : Kevin J. Roberts

Download or read book Engineering Crystallography: From Molecule to Crystal to Functional Form written by Kevin J. Roberts and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-18 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the current state-of-the-art regarding the application of applied crystallographic methodologies for understanding, predicting and controlling the transformation from the molecular to crystalline state with the latter exhibiting pre-defined properties. This philosophy is built around the fundamental principles underpinning the three inter-connected themes of Form (what), Formation (how) and Function (why). Topics covered include: molecular and crystal structure, chirality and ferromagnetism, supramolecular assembly, defects and reactivity, morphology and surface energetics. Approaches for preparing crystals and nano-crystals with novel physical, chemical and mechanical properties include: crystallisation, seeding, phase diagrams, polymorphic control, chiral separation, ultrasonic techniques and mechano-chemistry. The vision is realised through examination of a range of advanced analytical characterisation techniques including in-situ studies. The work is underpinned through an unprecedented structural perspective of molecular features, solid-state packing arrangements and surface energetics as well as in-situ studies. This work will be of interest to researchers, industrialists, intellectual property specialists and policy makers interested in the latest developments in the design and supply of advanced high added-value organic solid-form materials and product composites.

Tensor Properties of Crystals

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351411586
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Tensor Properties of Crystals by : D Lovett

Download or read book Tensor Properties of Crystals written by D Lovett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of single crystals for scientific and technological applications is now widespread in solid-state physics, optics, electronics, materials science, and geophysics. An understanding of the variation of physical properties with crystalline direction is essential to maximize the performance of solid-state devices. Written from a physical viewpoint and avoiding advanced mathematics, Tensor Properties of Crystals provides a concise introduction to the tensor properties of crystals at a level suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students. While retaining the successful basic format of the well-known first edition, this second edition brings the material up to date with the latest developments in nonlinear optics and modulated structures. Because of the increasing importance of nonlinear optics, a new chapter on optoelectronics has been added. This edition also includes a short discussion on incommensurate modulated structures in the final chapter because they are relevant to high temperature superconductors and to ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. The book extensively contains diagrams, worked examples, and problems with answers throughout.

Introduction to Liquid Crystals

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351579835
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Liquid Crystals by : Peter J. Collings

Download or read book Introduction to Liquid Crystals written by Peter J. Collings and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Liquid Crystals: Chemistry and Physics, Second Edition relies on only introductory level chemistry and physics as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low-power, flat-panel display technology (LCDs). In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and physicist. This new edition relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science and is, therefore, ideal for students and recent graduates. Features Introduces and explains the essential elements of liquid crystal science, including discussion of how liquid crystals have been utilized for innovative and important applications. New to this edition are over 300 figures, 90 end-of chapter exercises, and an increased scope that includes recent developments. Combines the knowledge of two eminent scientists in the field; they have fully updated and expanded the text to cover undergraduate/graduate course work as well as current research in what is now a billion-dollar industry. Immerses the reader in the vocabulary, structures, data, and kinetic models, rapidly building up an understanding of the theories and models in current use. Begins with a historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystal properties.

Applied Mechanics Reviews

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 968 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Mechanics Reviews by :

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444601554
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces by : D.A. King

Download or read book The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces written by D.A. King and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chemical Physics of Solid Surfaces, Volume 6: Coadsorption, Promoters, and Poisons focuses on the processes, reactions, and approaches involved in coadsorption and the functions of promoters and poisons in synthesis and reactions. The selection first offers information on adsorbate-adsorbate interactions on metal surfaces and interaction between alkali metal adsorbates and adsorbed molecules. Discussions focus on coadsorption of alkali metals and other molecules; model experiments of catalyst promotion; effective medium theory; direct and indirect hybridization effects; and elastic interaction between adsorbates. The publication then ponders on coadsorption of carbon monoxide and hydrogen on metal surfaces and adsorption on bimetallic surfaces. The manuscript examines the chemical properties of alloy single crystal surfaces and promotion in ammonia synthesis. Topics include substrate dependence of nitrogen adsorption and ammonia synthesis; effects of promotion on nitrogen dissociation and ammonia synthesis; and theoretical modeling. The text then elaborates on promotion in the Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon synthesis, promoters and poisons in the water-gas shift reaction, and strong metal-support interactions. The selection is a recommended reference for physicists and readers interested in coadsorption, promoters, and poisons.

Physical Structure

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080538959
Total Pages : 901 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Physical Structure by :

Download or read book Physical Structure written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-12-06 with total page 901 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of this book is to summarize the current level of accumulated knowledge about the physical structure of solid surfaces with emphasis on well-defined surfaces at the gas-solid and vacuum-solid interfaces. The intention is not only to provide a standard reference for practitioners, but also to provide a good starting point for scientists who are just entering the field. The presentation in most of the chapters therefore assumes that the typical reader will have a good undergraduate background in chemistry, physics, or materials science. At the same time, coverage is comprehensive and at a high technical level with emphasis on fundamental physical principles. This first volume in a new series is appropriately devoted to the physical structure of surfaces, knowledge of which will be essential for a complete understanding of electronic properties and dynamical processes, the topics of the next two volumes in the series. The volume is divided into four parts. Part I describes the equilibrium properties of surfaces with emphasis on clean surfaces of bulk materials. Part II provides an introduction to some of the primary experimental methods that are used to determine surface crystal structures. Part III gives an overview of the vast topic of the structure of adsorbed layers. The concluding Part IV deals with the topics of defects in surface structures and phase transitions.