Interseeding Cover Crops In Corn

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Interseeding Cover Crops in Corn

Author : Aaron Patrick Brooker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781085652346
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (523 download)

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Book Synopsis Interseeding Cover Crops in Corn by : Aaron Patrick Brooker

Download or read book Interseeding Cover Crops in Corn written by Aaron Patrick Brooker and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Farmers could enhance crop diversity in their farming systems by interseeding cover crops in corn in late May and June in corn rotations in the Upper Midwest. Recommendations must be developed for cover crop species, seeding rates, and interseeding timings that optimize cover crop growth and enhance corn production. Weeds must be controlled, and cover crops must establish in this system. Cover crops influence soil health in long term studies; however, the influence of interseeded cover crops on soil enzymes, soil structure, and nutrient cycling has not been reported. In Michigan, two experiments were conducted from 2015-2017 and one experiment from 2017-2019. In the first experiment, annual ryegrass, crimson clover, oilseed radish and a mixture of the three species were broadcast interseeded at each of the V1 through V7 corn stages at a single seeding rate. Cover crop and weed density and biomass were measured during the growing season, at the time of corn harvest, and the following spring. Soil samples were taken in the spring in the year following interseeding and analyzed for inorganic N, extracellular enzyme activity, and aggregate stability. Corn was planted as an indicator crop and sampled for C and N content. In the second experiment, preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) herbicides were applied, and cover crops interseeded at the V3 and V6 corn stages. Cover crops were evaluated in October for injury and stand loss. A greenhouse trial was also included to evaluate cover crop response to herbicides. In the third experiment, the same three cover crop species and a mixture of annual ryegrass and crimson clover were interseeded at three seeding rates in V3 and V6 corn. Establishment, biomass, and corn grain yield were collected using the same methods as previously described. Eight on-farm locations were interseeded with the same cover crop species at the 1X rate at the V3 and V6 corn stages. All plots were flown with a fixed-wing aircraft to measure canopy temperature. Small-plots were flown with UAV to acquire multispectral imagery to determine NDVI and NDRE. In years with normal or below normal precipitation, annual ryegrass and oilseed radish produced the highest biomass. Establishment improved when seeding on tilled soil compared with no-till soil. All cover crop species established, regardless of tillage, with above normal rainfall. Both annual ryegrass and crimson clover established when interseeded as a mixture at the seeding rates used. Increasing seeding rates usually increased biomass production. Cover crops could be interseeded at any time from V1-V7 corn if weeds were controlled. No cover crop species was competitive with summer annual weeds; annual ryegrass was the only species that overwintered and suppressed winter annual weeds. There were PRE and POST options for weed control with all cover crop species, but farmers must be mindful of herbicide and cover crop combinations. Delaying interseeding until V6 may reduce injury from some PRE herbicides. In the year of interseeding, cover crops did not reduce corn grain yield; therefore, remote imagery was not able to detect changes in corn health. Remote imagery detected cover crop establishment in the V3 interseedings prior to corn canopy closure; remote imagery did not detect less thermal stress where cover crops were interseeded. Annual ryegrass plots had reduced spring inorganic N content, and this sometimes translated to reduced N in the indicator corn crop. Success of broadcast interseeded cover crops is highly depended on adequate precipitation; this practice would be especially successful where summer rainfall is consistent or in irrigated systems. Benefits of cover crops are likely to be realized over multiple years of interseeding; farmers must balance goals of cover cropping with costs of seeding when selecting species, seeding rates, and weed control options.

Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. )

Author : Andy Clark
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437903797
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) by : Andy Clark

Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.

Interseeding Cover Crops in Row-cultivated Corn

Author : Daniel H. Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Interseeding Cover Crops in Row-cultivated Corn by : Daniel H. Smith

Download or read book Interseeding Cover Crops in Row-cultivated Corn written by Daniel H. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Interseeding of Cover Crop Species Into Soybean

Author : Wells Dean Hively
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Interseeding of Cover Crop Species Into Soybean by : Wells Dean Hively

Download or read book Interseeding of Cover Crop Species Into Soybean written by Wells Dean Hively and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Interseeded Cover Crops in Seed Corn Production

Author : Brent Edward Tharp
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Interseeded Cover Crops in Seed Corn Production by : Brent Edward Tharp

Download or read book Interseeded Cover Crops in Seed Corn Production written by Brent Edward Tharp and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Interseeding Cover Crops to Suppress Weeds in Corn-soybean Rotations in Kentucky

Author : Victoria Leigh Stanton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Interseeding Cover Crops to Suppress Weeds in Corn-soybean Rotations in Kentucky by : Victoria Leigh Stanton

Download or read book Interseeding Cover Crops to Suppress Weeds in Corn-soybean Rotations in Kentucky written by Victoria Leigh Stanton and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

On-farm and Small Plot Studies of the Growth and Performance of Cover Crops Interseeded Into Corn

Author : Sue Ellen Johnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis On-farm and Small Plot Studies of the Growth and Performance of Cover Crops Interseeded Into Corn by : Sue Ellen Johnson

Download or read book On-farm and Small Plot Studies of the Growth and Performance of Cover Crops Interseeded Into Corn written by Sue Ellen Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Corn (Zea Mays L.) and Cover Crop Response to Corn Density in an Interseeding System and Subsequent Dry Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Yield

Author : Dieudonné Nkundizana Baributsa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Corn (Zea Mays L.) and Cover Crop Response to Corn Density in an Interseeding System and Subsequent Dry Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Yield by : Dieudonné Nkundizana Baributsa

Download or read book Corn (Zea Mays L.) and Cover Crop Response to Corn Density in an Interseeding System and Subsequent Dry Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Yield written by Dieudonné Nkundizana Baributsa and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Interseeding of Cover Crops to Improve Cover Crop Establishment and Performance

Author : Ed Peachey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Interseeding of Cover Crops to Improve Cover Crop Establishment and Performance by : Ed Peachey

Download or read book Interseeding of Cover Crops to Improve Cover Crop Establishment and Performance written by Ed Peachey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Diversifying Cornfields by Interseeding Cover Crops

Author : Michael Bredeson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Diversifying Cornfields by Interseeding Cover Crops by : Michael Bredeson

Download or read book Diversifying Cornfields by Interseeding Cover Crops written by Michael Bredeson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Terms of Service

Author : Connor Zachary Youngerman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Terms of Service by : Connor Zachary Youngerman

Download or read book Terms of Service written by Connor Zachary Youngerman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winter cover crops provide a suite of benefits but their use is limited because there is often not enough time after harvesting crops in the fall to establish cover crops before winter. Problems with establishment may be overcome by interseeding, where cover crops are seeded between rows of cash crops prior to harvest. Interseeded cover crops can provide greater ecosystem services than cover crops established after harvest, including erosion control and weed suppression. In addition to these services, interseeded cover crops might also provide habitat for invertebrate seed predators such as carabid beetles and crickets, which feed on weed seeds. We established a field experiment to investigate how cash crop planting density affects interseeded cover crop performance during the transition to certified organic production. We measured corn density, light transmission through the corn canopy, cover crop and weed biomass, and corn grain yield. We analyzed the relationship between these factors with regression, mixed models, path analysis, and partial correlation. The effect of corn density on interseeded cover crop biomass was significant when quantified both directly and indirectly as mediated by light transmission and weed biomass. At the October sample date, weed biomass was 31% lower in plots with interseeded cover crops than plots without, and corn grain yield was not different between plots with interseeded cover crops and plots without. We also conducted a laboratory experiment to explore the potential for cover crop seeds to be eaten by weed seed predators. Using four common invertebrate weed seed predators and a series of No Choice and Choice feeding assays, we presented seeds of ten cover crop species and three weed species to individual carabid beetles and crickets. We analyzed No Choice preference with logistic regression and Choice with Vanderploeg and Scavia’s electivity index and mixed models. We found that all four invertebrate seed predators consumed cover crop seeds and that preference varied by plant species and insect species. Overall results show that cover crop interseeding can be used to overcome one of the primary barriers to cover crop adoption and provide ecosystem services, but that cover crop seeds are susceptible to seed predation and thus cover crop species selection and seeding method are important to consider.

Overseeding Cover Crops on Corn and Soybeans

Author : Robert Hofstetter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Overseeding Cover Crops on Corn and Soybeans by : Robert Hofstetter

Download or read book Overseeding Cover Crops on Corn and Soybeans written by Robert Hofstetter and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cover Crop Introduction Into Corn (Zea Mays L.)-Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Cropping Systems

Author : Angela M. Bastidas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780355684018
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Cover Crop Introduction Into Corn (Zea Mays L.)-Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Cropping Systems by : Angela M. Bastidas

Download or read book Cover Crop Introduction Into Corn (Zea Mays L.)-Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Cropping Systems written by Angela M. Bastidas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fall-seeded cover crops are limited by the short growing season remaining between harvest and planting the succeeding crop. To address this challenge, we considered two alternative systems for introducing cover crops into corn (Zea mays L.)- soybean (Glycine max L.) cropping systems. The first alternative was to interseed the cover crops species with corn at specific developmental stages. We evaluated the effect on corn, cover crop biomass, and the subsequent soybean crop. No detrimental effects on corn were found when cover crops were interseeded at or after corn canopy closure due to the limited cover crop biomass produced during the growing season. However, corn was negatively affected with cover crops interseed at corn planting. Cover crops interseeded at canopy closure did not establish due to corn canopy shading. Cover crops interseeded at or after R5 (dent) produced greater biomass the following spring than in the fall, and cover crops interseeded at R5 and R6 (physiological maturity) produced greater biomass than cover crops interseeded at corn harvest. This indicated that the interseeding by broadcasting cover crops can be successful for improving biomass production. The second alternative was to modify corn management practices such as planting date, plant population, and comparative corn relative maturity (CRM) to allow earlier cover crop seeding dates. We attempted to understand the impact on corn yield, cover crop biomass production, and the subsequent soybean crop. Early- and early-to-medium-maturity hybrids allowed corn harvest about one month earlier and medium-maturity hybrids about 15 d earlier than late-maturity hybrids. No differences in corn yield were observed between the medium- and late-maturity hybrids planted at the earlier planting date, with a 107 CRM hybrid planted early having the highest yield of 16.0 Mg ha-1. The greatest cover crop biomass production occurred with the earliest cover crop planting date. Cover crop biomass increased with air temperature, which was measured with growing degree days (GDDC). This indicates that changes in planting date and corn CRM hybrids are important to increase the potential for use of cover crops. The subsequent soybean yield was not affected by cover crops in either alternative.

QUANTIFYING RELATIVE SENSITIVITIES OF COVER CROPS TO CORN HERBICIDES TO REFINE COVER CROP INTERSEEDING PRACTICES.

Author : Tosh Mazzone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (142 download)

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Book Synopsis QUANTIFYING RELATIVE SENSITIVITIES OF COVER CROPS TO CORN HERBICIDES TO REFINE COVER CROP INTERSEEDING PRACTICES. by : Tosh Mazzone

Download or read book QUANTIFYING RELATIVE SENSITIVITIES OF COVER CROPS TO CORN HERBICIDES TO REFINE COVER CROP INTERSEEDING PRACTICES. written by Tosh Mazzone and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few studies have quantified differences in the sensitivity of cover crop species to corn herbicide programs. Differences in corn herbicide efficacy on weed species can be categorized broadly by activity on taxonomic groups or species traits within taxonomic groups, such as seed mass, which are also likely sources of variation in cover crop sensitivity to herbicides. To improve cover crop species selection for interseeding, including the design of mixtures, dose-response assays were conducted from 2020-2022 at University Park, Pennsylvania. Relative sensitivity was quantified for twelve cover crop species within four taxonomic groups that ranged in seed mass within taxonomic group, in response to triazine (atrazine; Group 5 herbicide) and triazine/HPPD inhibiting herbicide programs (mesotrione, isoxaflutole, tembotrione, topramezone, tolpyralate; Group 27 herbicides). Nonlinear dose-response curves were fit to standardized biomass data and absolute ED50 coefficients were extracted for each cover crop by herbicide model. Results showed that cover crops exhibited low sensitivity to atrazine across taxonomic groups and seed sizes, and except for small-seeded legumes (medium red clover, crimson clover). In comparison, most cover crop species were sensitive to mesotrione/atrazine and isoxaflutole/atrazine, with absolute ED50 estimates at low soil concentrations. Intermediate sensitivity to tembotrione/atrazine was observed across all cover crop species, with annual ryegrass being the least sensitive species. Relative sensitivity of cover crop species to topramezone/atrazine and tolpyralate/atrazine were lower than other atrazine/HPPD programs, with brassica and large-seeded legume species ranking the least sensitive. These results demonstrate meaningful variation in cover crop species sensitivity to corn herbicides among taxonomic groups and seed mass within taxonomic groups. Relative rankings of sensitivity to atrazine or atrazine/HPPD herbicides generated from dose response models can be used to design cover crop mixtures with similar levels of tolerance, or identify species with greater risk of injury, to commonly used corn herbicides. Two complementary field experiments were conducted from 2021-2022 at three locations (Rock Springs, PA; Landisville, PA; Aurora, NY) to study the effect of PRE and POST herbicides that ranged in expected soil residual activity on interseeded cover crop mixtures that ranged in taxonomic group and seed mass. Herbicide treatment effects on cover crop and weed abundance were evaluated during the cover crop establishment phase and prior to corn harvest to measure persistence and composition of cover crop mixtures. In the PRE experiment, biomass of the small-seeded mixture composed of annual ryegrass, medium red clover and rapeseed during the establishment phase was lower and composition was more variable in the long-lived residual herbicide treatment compared to the large-seeded mixture. In comparison, herbicide treatments did not affect the large-seeded cover crop mixture composed of cereal rye, cowpea and daikon radish in the establishment phase. By corn dry down, the small-seeded mixture biomass production was negatively impacted where short-lived PRE herbicides failed to control weeds, while the large-seeded mixture produced greater biomass, but cereal rye failed to persist at five out of six site-years. Greenhouse bioassays and complementary field-based studies demonstrate that cover crop sensitivity to frequently used soil-applied herbicides (atrazine/HPPD) in corn systems differ among taxonomic group and, in some cases, seed mass within taxonomic groups. In general, small-seeded legumes are at greater risk for injury than large-seeded legumes to these herbicides. Field experiments also demonstrate that species selection for interseeding systems requires consideration of both herbicide tolerance and environmental stress tolerance to optimize conservation benefits.

Effect of Time and Method of Seeding and Corn Row Width on the Establishment of Various Species Interseeded as a Cover Crop in Corn

Author : William A. Hayes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Time and Method of Seeding and Corn Row Width on the Establishment of Various Species Interseeded as a Cover Crop in Corn by : William A. Hayes

Download or read book Effect of Time and Method of Seeding and Corn Row Width on the Establishment of Various Species Interseeded as a Cover Crop in Corn written by William A. Hayes and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soil Management

Author : Jerry L. Hatfield
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0891188533
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Management by : Jerry L. Hatfield

Download or read book Soil Management written by Jerry L. Hatfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Degradation of soils continues at a pace that will eventually create a local, regional, or even global crisis when diminished soil resources collide with increasing climate variation. It's not too late to restore our soils to a more productive state by rediscovering the value of soil management, building on our well-established and ever-expanding scientific understanding of soils. Soil management concepts have been in place since the cultivation of crops, but we need to rediscover the principles that are linked together in effective soil management. This book is unique because of its treatment of soil management based on principles—the physical, chemical, and biological processes and how together they form the foundation for soil management processes that range from tillage to nutrient management. Whether new to soil science or needing a concise reference, readers will benefit from this book's ability to integrate the science of soils with management issues and long-term conservation efforts.

Water Quality Enhancements in Corn Cropping Systems Through Optimization of Cover Crop Establishment Technologies

Author : Reagan L. Noland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Quality Enhancements in Corn Cropping Systems Through Optimization of Cover Crop Establishment Technologies by : Reagan L. Noland

Download or read book Water Quality Enhancements in Corn Cropping Systems Through Optimization of Cover Crop Establishment Technologies written by Reagan L. Noland and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crop use is low in corn-soybean rotations in Minnesota due to challenges with establishment. This research project was designed and carried out to 1) identify appropriate cover crop species and establishment methods for interseeding in corn at the seven leaf collar stage and 2) estimate ecological impacts. Five cover crops were planted: common rye, field pennycress, medium red clover, hairy vetch, MIX (oat, field pea, and tillage radish).