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Internal Structure And Soot Emission Characteristics Of Partially Premixed Coaxial Jet Flames
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Book Synopsis Internal Structure and Soot Emission Characteristics of Partially Premixed Coaxial Jet Flames by : Andrej S. Mitrovic
Download or read book Internal Structure and Soot Emission Characteristics of Partially Premixed Coaxial Jet Flames written by Andrej S. Mitrovic and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flame Structure and Pollutant Emission Characteristics of Turbulent Partially Premixed Flames in a Co-axial Jet Burner by : Tenghai Wang
Download or read book Flame Structure and Pollutant Emission Characteristics of Turbulent Partially Premixed Flames in a Co-axial Jet Burner written by Tenghai Wang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Partially-Premixed Flames in Internal Combustion Engines by : Volker Sick
Download or read book Partially-Premixed Flames in Internal Combustion Engines written by Volker Sick and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This was a joint university-industry research program funded by the Partnerships for the Academic-Industrial Research Program (PAIR). The research examined partially premixed flames in laboratory and internal combustion engine environments at Vanderbilt University, University of Michigan, and General Motors Research and Development. At Vanderbilt University, stretched and curved ''tubular'' premixed flames were measured in a unique optically accessible burner with laser-induced spontaneous Raman scattering. Comparisons of optically measured temperature and species concentration profiles to detailed transport, complex chemistry simulations showed good correspondence at low-stretch conditions in the tubular flame. However, there were significant discrepancies at high-stretch conditions near flame extinction. The tubular flame predictions were found to be very sensitive to the specific hydrogen-air chemical kinetic mechanism and four different mechanisms were compared. In addition, the thermo-diffusive properties of the deficient reactant, H2, strongly affected the tubular flame structure. The poor prediction near extinction is most likely due to deficiencies in the chemical kinetic mechanisms near extinction. At the University of Michigan, an optical direct-injected engine was built up for laser-induced fluorescence imaging experiments on mixing and combustion under stratified charge combustion conditions with the assistance of General Motors. Laser attenuation effects were characterized both experimentally and numerically to improve laser imaging during the initial phase of the gasoline-air mixture development. Toluene was added to the isooctane fuel to image the fuel-air equivalence ratio in an optically accessible direct-injected gasoline engine. Temperature effects on the toluene imaging of fuel-air equivalence ratio were characterized. For the first time, oxygen imaging was accomplished in an internal combustion engine by combination of two fluorescence trackers, toluene and 3-pentanone. With this method, oxygen, fuel and equivalence ratio were measured in the cylinder. At General Motors, graduate students from the University of Michigan and Vanderbilt University worked with GM researchers to develop high-speed imaging methods for optically accessible direct-injection engines. Spark-emission spectroscopy was combined with high-speed spectrally-resolved combustion imaging in a direct-injected engine.
Book Synopsis Structure of Partially Premixed Turbulent Jet Flames by : Robert A. Shankland
Download or read book Structure of Partially Premixed Turbulent Jet Flames written by Robert A. Shankland and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flow Field and Soot Formation Characteristics in Swirl-stabilized Non-premixed Turbulent Flames by : Lu-Yin Wang
Download or read book Flow Field and Soot Formation Characteristics in Swirl-stabilized Non-premixed Turbulent Flames written by Lu-Yin Wang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soot formation and evolution in relation with the flow fields were investigated experimentally in turbulent swirl-stabilized non-premixed flames using three different fuels: methane, ethanol and aviation Jet A-1. The studied flames were confined and stabilized in a model gas turbine combustor with a swirl number of ~0.55. Soot volume fraction, fv, and primary soot particle size, dp, were measured using auto-compensating laser-induced incandescence, and planar three-component velocity fields were measured using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. Measurements of planar laser-induced fluorescence of OH and OH* chemiluminescence were also made for methane and ethanol flames. The OH* field was further Abel-inverted to qualitatively locate the heat release zone. The flow field for all flames featured pronounced inner and outer recirculation zones (IRZ, ORZ), each bounded by their corresponding inner and outer shear layers (ISL, OSL). Abel-inverted OH* intensity maps showed that primary reaction zones occurred in the vicinity of ISL. The central fuel jet penetrating into the IRZ accompanied by a stagnation zone was observed in all methane flames. Soot measurements showed that the overall dp for methane and Jet A-1 flames ranged between 30 nm and 60 nm without discernible trends. In methane flames, peak time-averaged fv occurred between the central jet penetration and the ISL. The decrease and the final disappearance of time-averaged fv were strongly correlated with elevated OH, demonstrating a dominant oxidative attack of OH on soot. With a ~7% increase in air flow rate, the level of soot volume fraction dropped by nearly threefold due to enhanced turbulence intermittency. The appearance of ethanol spray flames, which lacked a bright yellow color, largely differed from others. The absence of soot was confirmed in the laser-induced incandescence measurements. The isothermal flow field of ethanol flames exhibited a large-scale structure of precessing vortex core which was then suppressed under reacting conditions. In Jet A-1 flames, spray pattern changed from V-shaped hollow cone to semi-solid cone when air flow rate increased by 20%, resulting in a 60% reduction in peak time-averaged fv. In contrast to results obtained from the methane flame, soot was found primarily outside the ISL where fuel existed in abundance.
Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Acoustically Forced Non-premixed Jet Flames in Crossflow by : Kevin Chek-Shing Marr
Download or read book Investigation of Acoustically Forced Non-premixed Jet Flames in Crossflow written by Kevin Chek-Shing Marr and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work presented here discusses the effects of strong acoustic forcing on jet flames in crossflow (JFICF) and the physical mechanisms behind theses effects. For forced non-premixed JFICF, the jet fuel flow is modulated using an acoustic speaker system, which results in a drastic decrease in flame length and soot luminosity. Forced JFICF are characterized by periodic ejections of high-momentum, deeply penetrating vortical structures, which draws air into the jet nozzle and enhances mixing in the nearfield region of the jet. Mixture fraction images of the non-reacting forced jet in crossflow are obtained from acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence and show that the ejected jet fluid is effectively partially premixed. Flame luminosity images and exhaust gas measurements show that forced non-premixed JFICF exhibit similar characteristics to unforced partially-premixed JFICF. Both strong forcing and air dilution result in net reductions in NOx, but increases in CO and unburned hydrocarbons. NOx scaling analysis is presented for both forced non-premixed and unforced partially-premixed flames. Using flame volume arguments, EINOx scales with amplitude ratio for forced non- premixed flames, but does not scale with air dilution for unforced partially-premixed flames. The difference in scaling behavior is attributed to differences in flame structure. The effect of forcing on the flowfield dynamics of non-premixed JFICF is investigated using high-speed stereoscopic particle image velocimetry and luminosity imaging. The frequency spectra of the windward and lee-side flame base motions obtained from luminosity movies of the forced JFICF show a peak at the forcing frequency in the lee-side spectrum, but not on the windward-side spectrum. The lee-side flame base responds to the forcing frequency because the lee-side flame base stabilizes closer to the jet exit. The windward-side flame base does not respond to the forcing frequency because the integrated effect of the incident crossflow and vortical ejections leads to extinction of the flame base. From the PIV measurements, flowfield statistics are conditioned at the flame base. The local gas velocity at the flame base did not collapse for forced and unforced JFICF and was found to exceed 3SL. The flame propagation velocity was determined from the motion of the flame base, which is inferred from regions of evaporated seed particles in the time-resolved PIV images. The flame propagation velocity collapses for forced and unforced JFICF, which implies that the flame base is an edge flame; however, the most probable propagation velocity, approximately 2-3SL, is larger than propagation velocity predicted by edge flame theories. A possible explanation is that the flame propagation is enhanced by turbulent intensities and flame curvature.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Soot Formation in Non-premixed and Partially Premixed Flames by : Claudya Pahola Arana
Download or read book Investigation of Soot Formation in Non-premixed and Partially Premixed Flames written by Claudya Pahola Arana and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Modeling Turbulent Combustion and CO Emissions in Partially-Premixed Conditions Considering Flame Stretch and Heat Loss by : Noah Eugen Klarmann
Download or read book Modeling Turbulent Combustion and CO Emissions in Partially-Premixed Conditions Considering Flame Stretch and Heat Loss written by Noah Eugen Klarmann and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microgravity Combustion by : Howard D. Ross
Download or read book Microgravity Combustion written by Howard D. Ross and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-03 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to understanding combustion, the burning of a substance that produces heat and often light, in microgravity environments-i.e., environments with very low gravity such as outer space. Readers are presented with a compilation of worldwide findings from fifteen years of research and experimental tests in various low-gravity environments, including drop towers, aircraft, and space.Microgravity Combustion is unique in that no other book reviews low- gravity combustion research in such a comprehensive manner. It provides an excellent introduction for those researching in the fields of combustion, aerospace, and fluid and thermal sciences. * An introduction to the progress made in understanding combustion in a microgravity environment* Experimental, theoretical and computational findings of current combustion research* Tutorial concepts, such as scaling analysis* Worldwide microgravity research findings
Book Synopsis Combustion Aerodynamics by : János Miklós Beér
Download or read book Combustion Aerodynamics written by János Miklós Beér and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis MILD Combustion: Modelling Challenges, Experimental Configurations and Diagnostic Tools by : Alessandro Parente
Download or read book MILD Combustion: Modelling Challenges, Experimental Configurations and Diagnostic Tools written by Alessandro Parente and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Combustion, Flames and Explosions of Gases by : Bernard Lewis
Download or read book Combustion, Flames and Explosions of Gases written by Bernard Lewis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion, Flames, and Explosions of Gases, Second Edition focuses on the processes, methodologies, and reactions involved in combustion phenomena. The publication first offers information on theoretical foundations, reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, and reaction between carbon monoxide and oxygen. Discussions focus on the fundamentals of reaction kinetics, elementary and complex reactions in gases, thermal reaction, and combined hydrogen-carbon monoxide-oxygen reaction. The text then elaborates on the reaction between hydrocarbons and oxygen and combustion waves in laminar flow. The manuscript tackles combustion waves in turbulent flow and air entrainment and burning of jets of fuel gases. Topics include effect of turbulence spectrum and turbulent wrinkling on combustion wave propagation; ignition of high-velocity streams by hot solid bodies; burners with primary air entrainment; and description of jet flames. The book then takes a look at detonation waves in gases; emission spectra, ionization, and electric-field effects in flames; and methods of flame photography and pressure recording. The publication is a valuable reference for readers interested in combustion phenomena.
Download or read book The Engineering Index Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 2264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its creation in 1884, Engineering Index has covered virtually every major engineering innovation from around the world. It serves as the historical record of virtually every major engineering innovation of the 20th century. Recent content is a vital resource for current awareness, new production information, technological forecasting and competitive intelligence. The world?s most comprehensive interdisciplinary engineering database, Engineering Index contains over 10.7 million records. Each year, over 500,000 new abstracts are added from over 5,000 scholarly journals, trade magazines, and conference proceedings. Coverage spans over 175 engineering disciplines from over 80 countries. Updated weekly.
Book Synopsis Radiative Heat Transfer in Turbulent Combustion Systems by : Michael F. Modest
Download or read book Radiative Heat Transfer in Turbulent Combustion Systems written by Michael F. Modest and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introduction reviews why combustion and radiation are important, as well as the technical challenges posed by radiation. Emphasis is on interactions among turbulence, chemistry and radiation (turbulence-chemistry-radiation interactions – TCRI) in Reynolds-averaged and large-eddy simulations. Subsequent chapters cover: chemically reacting turbulent flows; radiation properties, Reynolds transport equation (RTE) solution methods, and TCRI; radiation effects in laminar flames; TCRI in turbulent flames; and high-pressure combustion systems. This Brief presents integrated approach that includes radiation at the outset, rather than as an afterthought. It stands as the most recent developments in physical modeling, numerical algorithms, and applications collected in one monograph.
