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Interim Agreement On Irans Nuclear Program
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Book Synopsis Interim Agreement on Iran's Nuclear Program by : Kenneth Katzman
Download or read book Interim Agreement on Iran's Nuclear Program written by Kenneth Katzman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the recent development regarding the negotiations with Iran about its nuclear program. The report provides background information on Iranian nuclear program and debates the November 24 Joint Plan of Action Elements.
Author :Congressional Research Congressional Research Service Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781505321630 Total Pages :24 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (216 download)
Book Synopsis Iran by : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service
Download or read book Iran written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-11-26 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On November 24, 2013, Iran and the six powers that have negotiated with Iran about its nuclear program since 2006 (the United States, Britain, France, Russia, China, and Germany-collectively known as the "P5+1") finalized an interim agreement ("Joint Plan of Action," JPA) requiring Iran to freeze many aspects of its nuclear program in exchange for relief from some international sanctions. The period of the interim deal was to be six months, during which time Iran and the P5+1 would attempt to reach a comprehensive deal on the long-term status of Iran's nuclear program. The main elements of the JPA is a requirement that Iran freeze, in effect, its production of enriched uranium containing up to 5% uranium-235 during this period by converting the material to a uranium compound unsuitable for further enrichment; refrain from producing enriched uranium hexafluoride containing 20% uranium-235-the form of enriched uranium in Iran's stockpile that has caused the most concern; halt key elements of its heavy-water reactor and uranium enrichment facilities; and provide the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) with additional information about its nuclear program, as well as access to some nuclear-related facilities which are not covered by Iran's IAEA safeguards agreement. Under the JPA, the P5+1 countries agreed to refrain from imposing new sanctions and permit Iran to repatriate to Iran about $700 million per month in oil sales proceeds. Iran's oil exports are capped at about 1 million barrels per day-a 60% drop from 2011 levels of about 2.5 million barrels per day. The JPA also permits Iran to sell petrochemicals and trade in gold and other precious metals, and to conduct transactions with foreign firms involved in Iran's auto sector. The estimated value of the revenue that accrues to Iran from these sources is about $250 million per month. Iran also is permitted to access about $65 million per month of hard currency for tuition for Iranian students, to buy spare parts for U.S.-made civilian aircraft, and to receive international facilitation of humanitarian purchases of food and medicine. The JPA has been seen as halting Iran's ability to produce a nuclear weapon and improving the international community's ability to identify Iranian efforts to develop nuclear weapons. Throughout 2014, the attention of the international community increasingly turned to the potential outcome of negotiations on a comprehensive nuclear accord. The P5+1 - Iran negotiations began in February 2014 and reportedly made steady progress, although insufficient to reach agreement by the July 20 expiration of the first six month JPA period. In July, the two sides announced that progress-and Iran's compliance with the JPA provisions-justified extending the JPA until November 24, 2014. Intensive negotiations attempted to finalize a deal by that deadline, but the two sides again announced that more time was needed to close still significant gaps in their positions. The main outstanding issues reportedly center on the size and scope of Iran's uranium enrichment program; the duration of the comprehensive accord; and the extent and sequencing of the lifting of nuclear-related sanctions. On November 24, Iran and the P5+1 announced that they were extending the talks-and all provisions of the JPA-with the intent of finalizing a detailed agreement by June 30, 2015. The parties stated they would first attempt to reach an overarching framework for the agreement by March 1, 2015.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :46 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Assessing the P5+1 Interim Nuclear Agreement with Iran by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
Download or read book Assessing the P5+1 Interim Nuclear Agreement with Iran written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Iran written by Kenneth Katzman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In the early hours of November 24, 2013, in Geneva, Iran and the six powers that have negotiated with Iran about its nuclear program since 2006 (the United States, Britain, France, Russia, China, and Germany, collectively known as the 'P5+1') finalized an interim agreement requiring Iran to freeze many aspects of its nuclear program in exchange for what the Obama Administration calls 'limited, temporary, targeted, and reversible' relief from international sanctions. The period of the interim deal is to be six months, during which time Iran and the P5+1 will attempt to reach a comprehensive deal on the long-term status of Iran's nuclear program ... Regional and international governments are closely watching the negotiations. Some U.S. allies, as well as some in Congress, assert a concern that the P5+1 might accept an accord that does not ensure that Iran could not utilize its nuclear infrastructure to develop a nuclear weapon in a short period of time. Some countries in the region, including the Persian Gulf monarchies, express concern that a final accord would prompt a broader U.S.-Iran rapprochement that could cause the United States to retreat from the Middle East. Others assert that a final accord would give Iran additional resources to extend its influence in the region. On the other hand, an accord could produce greater U.S.-Iran cooperation against the threat to the region posed by the Islamic State organization's seizure of territory in Iraq and Syria. U.S. officials acknowledge that Iran and the United States have held bilateral talks on the Islamic State and other regional issues at the margins of the negotiations on a comprehensive nuclear accord"--Preliminary page.
Book Synopsis P5+1 Negotiations Over Iran's Nuclear Program and Its Implications for United States Defense by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services
Download or read book P5+1 Negotiations Over Iran's Nuclear Program and Its Implications for United States Defense written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Armed Services and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Iran Primer by : Robin B. Wright
Download or read book The Iran Primer written by Robin B. Wright and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive but concise overview of Iran's politics, economy, military, foreign policy, and nuclear program. The volume chronicles U.S.-Iran relations under six American presidents and probes five options for dealing with Iran. Organized thematically, this book provides top-level briefings by 50 top experts on Iran (both Iranian and Western authors) and is a practical and accessible "go-to" resource for practitioners, policymakers, academics, and students, as well as a fascinating wealth of information for anyone interested in understanding Iran's pivotal role in world politics.
Book Synopsis The Interim Deal on the Iranian Nuclear Program by : Makhon le-meḥḳere biṭaḥon leʼumi
Download or read book The Interim Deal on the Iranian Nuclear Program written by Makhon le-meḥḳere biṭaḥon leʼumi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The interim deal on Iran's nuclear program, secured in late November 2013 and implemented from January 20, 2014, was intended to create space for the tough negotiations over a comprehensive deal that would close the Iranian nuclear file. The essays compiled in this volume analyze some of the key issues that have emerged regarding efforts to carve out a 'good' nuclear deal with Iran, and highlight additional perspectives that have not been at the heart of the debate. Discussed in this collection are general principles for negotiating with Iran, Iran's advances in the nuclear realm, the effect of economic sanctions, and the US-Israel-Iran deterrence triangle. The broader context is addressed in essays that consider Iran's possible shift to a more moderate stance, the status of the military option, and US public opinion on talks with Iran. Regional perspectives focus on Israel, the Gulf states, and Turkey, and the volume closes with an essay that lays out the contours of an acceptable deal from Israel's point of view"--Publisher's web site.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :96 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis Implementation of the Iran Nuclear Deal by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa
Download or read book Implementation of the Iran Nuclear Deal written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on the Middle East and North Africa and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Negotiations with Iran by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Download or read book Negotiations with Iran written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Iran Nuclear Negotiations by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Download or read book Iran Nuclear Negotiations written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dismantling Iran's Nuclear Weapons Program by : Committee on Foreign Relations United St
Download or read book Dismantling Iran's Nuclear Weapons Program written by Committee on Foreign Relations United St and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-10-04 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran's nuclear weapons ambitions and its continued obfuscation at the negotiating table have raised alarms throughout the Middle East and the international community. The risk of a nuclear arms race in the region is not hypothetical. We are seeing the repercussions of permitting Iran to retain an enrichment program resonate in the region, and in our 1-2-3 negotiations with other countries who are asking why they need to accept a no-enrichment standard when Iran will be allowed to enrich. For me, the time has come to ask whether repeated negotiation extensions, coupled with sanctions relief in the billions of dollars, will ever result in a comprehensive deal. Iran benefits from successive rounds of unfreezing of assets abroad and has not felt the need to make any real concessions beyond the requirements of the interim agreement. Tehran's desire for a nuclear program has not changed, and it is unlikely to change in my view under the present set of circumstances. Iran is negotiating because it wants economic relief, and it is betting that more time on the clock benefits its position.
Book Synopsis The Iran Nuclear Deal by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Download or read book The Iran Nuclear Deal written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Time to Attack by : Matthew Kroenig
Download or read book A Time to Attack written by Matthew Kroenig and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2014-05-13 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it mean for Iran to have nuclear weapon capabilities? And what should the United States do about this threatening situation?
Book Synopsis Nuclear Agreement with Iran: Can't Trust, Can We Verify? by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Download or read book Nuclear Agreement with Iran: Can't Trust, Can We Verify? written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Getting to a New Iran Deal by : Sanam Vakil
Download or read book Getting to a New Iran Deal written by Sanam Vakil and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Iran's Nuclear Program and International Law by : Daniel Joyner
Download or read book Iran's Nuclear Program and International Law written by Daniel Joyner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an international legal analysis of the most important questions regarding Iran's nuclear program since 2002. Setting these legal questions in their historical and diplomatic context, this book aims to clarify how the relevant sources of international law - including primarily the 1968 Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and IAEA treaty law - should be properly applied in the context of the Iran case. It provides an instructional case study of the application of these sources of international law, the lessons which can be applied to inform both the on-going legal and diplomatic dynamics surrounding the Iran nuclear dispute itself, as well as similar future cases. Some questions raised regard the watershed diplomatic accord reached between Iran and Western states in July, 2015, known as the Joint Comprehensive Program of Action. The answers will be of interests to diplomats and academics, as well as to anyone who is interested in understanding international law's application to this sensitive dispute in international relations.
Book Synopsis Checking Iran's Nuclear Ambitions by : Henry D. Sokolski
Download or read book Checking Iran's Nuclear Ambitions written by Henry D. Sokolski and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering the latest Iranian nuclear developments, one might question whether a study now on how best to restrain Tehran is simply one that's come too late. To be sure, estimates vary as to when Iran could build its first bomb. Some believe Tehran could do it before the end of 2005; others think Iran would only be able to do so by the end of the decade. In either case, though, the die seems cast: If Iran wants, it has all that it needs eventually to build a bomb on its own. Certainly, trying to deny Iran further nuclear technology in the hopes that this will prevent it from getting nuclear weapons is no longer a credible strategy. The questions this edited volume addresses are whether or not any strategy can prevent Iran from going nuclear, what the proper goals of such a strategy might be (deterring use, keeping Tehran from deploying weapons, getting it to dismantle its nuclear program, etc.), and what other nonproliferation goals ought to be attempted (including trying to dissuade other nations from following Iran's example). The answers this volume offers are: 1) in the long-run Iran will gain little from going nuclear, and 2) much can be gained by enforcing the nonproliferation rules Iran agreed to and spelling out the costs to Iran of its continuing acquisition of nuclear weapons- related capabilities.
